超关节可动外固定支架结合有限内固定治疗胫腓骨远端开放粉碎性骨折的体会

目的 探讨超关节可动外固定支架结合有限内固定治疗胫腓骨远端开放粉碎性骨折的临床疗效.方法 对56例胫腓骨远端开放粉碎性骨折采用超关节可动外固定支架(orthofix)结合有限内固定术治疗.结果 56例均获随访.据临床骨折愈合标准评估骨愈合率为89.3%.据Helfer踝关节功能评估标准:优36例,良15例,差5例,优良率为91%.结论 超关节可动外固定支架结合有限内固定治疗胫腓骨远端开放粉碎性骨折有安全有效、创伤小、并发症少等优点.     

有限内固定结合铰链式超关节外固定架治疗肱骨远端复杂骨折

目的 总结有限内固定结合铰链式超关节外固定架治疗肱骨远端复杂骨折的效果.方法 对12例肱骨远端复杂骨折采用有限内固定结合铰链式超关节外固定架固定进行治疗.结果 12 例全部获得随访,随访时间平均7个月(4～15个月),根据Morrey指定评估指数评价,优7例,良3例,可2例.优良率83.3%.无感染、关节僵硬、肘内翻畸形、神经损伤等严重并发症发生.结论 有限内固定结合铰链式超关节外固定架治疗能早期进行关节活动,可明显恢复关节功能,是一种良好的治疗肱骨远端复杂骨折的方法.     

超关节外固定架和有限内固定治疗膝关节骨折

目的：超关节外固定架和有限内固定治疗膝关节粉碎、塌陷骨折临床效果。探讨此项技术手术要点和注意问题。方法：自１９９５－１９９９年１１月,对１０例胫骨平台粉碎、塌陷骨折、２例股骨髁粉碎骨折行超关节外固定架牵引固定,同时有限内固定。结果：病人骨折对位、关节功能恢复满意,总优良率９０.9%。结论：超关节外固定架和有限内固定治疗膝关节骨折效果显著。值得推广。     

有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗双侧Pilon骨折6例体会

[目的]探讨有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗双侧Pilon骨折的临床疗效.[方法]采用有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗双侧Pilon骨折6例12侧.其中开放骨折4侧,闭合骨折8侧.Rtiedi-Allgower Ⅱ型5侧,Ⅲ型7侧.[结果]患者均获得13-36个月随访,平均24.6个月.疗效评价采用Mazur踝关节功能评分标准:优4侧,良5侧,可3侧,优良率75%.[结论]有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗双侧Pilon骨折疗效令人满意,值得推广应用.     

有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗Pilon骨折的疗效

目的探讨有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗Pilon骨折的疗效。方法将50例Pilon骨折患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。对照组25例实施切开复位内固定,治疗组25例采用有限切开内固定结合外固定支架。观察两组的临床效果及不良反应发生情况。结果两组患者均获随访6~12个月,按照Mazur制定的评分标准,对照组优良率64.00%(16/25),治疗组踝关节恢复优良率84.00%(21/25),对照组发生并发症4例(16.00%),治疗组患发生并发症1例(4.00%),两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论有限切开内固定结合外固定支架的方法治疗Pilon骨折,优良率高,并发症发生率低,疗效肯定。     

超关节外固定支架联合切开有限内固定治疗严重Pilon骨折

目的探讨超关节外固定支架联合切开有限内固定治疗严重Pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法 2007年12月～2010年2月对25例高能量损伤的Pilon骨折,行胫骨切开复位有限内固定,内侧超关节外固定支架固定。结果手术时间80～210 min,平均95 min。2例术后出现浅表组织坏死,经换药后治愈。骨折愈合时间10～16周,平均13周。25例随访12～34个月,平均24个月。关节骨折复位采用Burwell&Charnley评分法:C1型全部解剖复位;C2型解剖复位8例,一般2例;C3型解剖复位4例,一般3例,差2例。术后12个月按Baird&Jackson的踝关节症状和功能评分法,优7例,良13例,可4例,差1例,优良率80.0%(20/25)。结论超关节外固定支架联合切开有限内固定治疗严重Pilon骨折能有效降低软组织并发症,提高关节面的复位质量。     

单臂多功能外固定架结合有限内固定治疗严重粉碎性胫腓骨骨折

目的 探讨单臂多功能外固定架结合有限内固定治疗严重粉碎性胫腓骨骨折的临床疗效.方法 对35例严重粉碎性胫腓骨骨折的病例采用单臂多功能外固定架结合有限内固定治疗并进行随访分析.结果 随访9～24个月(平均18个月),优23例、良9例、中3例,优良率为91.4%,平均愈合时间8个月.结论 单臂多功能外固定架结合有限内固定是治疗严重粉碎性胫腓骨骨折的一种很好的方法,值得推广应用.     

超关节外固定架结合有限内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折

目的：探讨超关节外固定架结合有限内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的临床效果和应用价值。方法：1995年1月--2001年5月，对37例胫骨平台骨折行超关节外固定架牵引复位固定，同时作有限内固定。结果：全部病例获随访8月--46月，平均21月，骨折全部愈合，优22例，良13例，可2例，优良率94％(35／37)。结论：超关节外固定架结合有限内固定是治疗胫骨平台骨折较为理想的方法。     

超踝关节外固定架结合有限内固定治疗胫腓骨远端开放粉碎性骨折

目的探讨胫腓骨远端开放粉碎性骨折的治疗方法。方法应用单边外固定架跨踝关节超关节外固定结合有限内固定治疗13例胫腓骨远端开放粉碎性骨折伴踝关节骨折或脱位,结合软组织处理。结果经8个月~5年随访,疗效满意,预后优良率达90%以上。结论本治疗方法解决了胫腓骨远端开放粉碎性骨折的固定困难,可使肢体恢复接近正常长度,另外对踝关节起到弹性固定作用,有利于踝关节骨折、关节周围韧带损伤的功能重建。该治疗方式是治疗伴有踝关节稳定系统破坏的胫腓骨远端开放粉碎性骨折的可采用手段之一。     

外固定架结合有限内固定治疗复杂Pilon骨折

目的探讨外固定架结合有限内固定治疗复杂Pilon骨折的最佳手术时机及其疗效。方法自2007-05—2013-10共诊治38例复杂Pilon骨折,均采用切开复位有限内固定结合外固定架固定治疗。结果 38例术后均获得6-36个月（平均18个月）随访。末次随访时采用Bourne标准评估疗效：优23例,良15例,优良率100%。结论正确选择手术方法,根据骨折情况和条件选择固定方式是复杂Pilon骨折取得良好治疗效果的关键。     

Long-term results of various therapy concepts in severe pilon fractures

Introduction Intra-articular fractures of the tibia plafond are among the most challenging of orthopaedic problems. This is a retrospective case-control study of surgically treated pilon fractures which was undertaken to compare the internal fixation with the two external fixation methods. Methods This is a case-control study of 55 patients with 55 pilon fractures. There were 36 type C and 19 type B. Of these fractures, 24 were open and 31 closed. Three surgical protocols were used. In 20 patients, Group A, a half pin external fixator with ankle spanning was performed. The mean age of patients was 42.0 years (22.0–74.0), SD 14.1 and the mean follow-up was 77.7 months (38.0–132.0), SD 25.4. In 22 patients, Group B, a single ankle sparring ring hybrid external fixator under a small arthrotomy was performed. The mean age of patients was 48.4 years (28.0–76.0), SD 12.4 and mean follow-up was 67.9 months (36.0–132.0), SD 27.8. In 13 patients, Group C, a two-staged internal fixation was performed. The mean age was 45.6 years (30.0–66.0), SD 9.7 and the mean follow-up was 78.6 months (55.0–132.0), SD 25.4. We addressed the dissimilarity of the type of fracture in each group performing supplementary stratified analyses within each fracture type group. Results Group A had union in 6.9 months, group B in 5.6 months and group C in 5.1 months; P = 0.009. Six patients (Group A), two (Group B), and one (Group C) had limitation of ankle motion; P = 0.47. One patient from group C developed infection and the plate was removed. Four patients (Group A), one (Group B), and one (Group C) have developed posttraumatic arthritis (loss of joint space and pain); P = 0.25. Seven patients from Group A have reduced their activities; P = 0.004. In stratified statistical analysis by type of fracture, the associations noted for both fracture groups combined were also noted separately within each fracture group. Conclusion In this long term follow-up study, the two-staged internal fixation and the hybrid fixation with small arthrotomy were equally efficacious in achieving bone union. Patients in external fixation with the ankle spanning had a significantly higher rate of delayed union. Also more patients in this group have reduced their activities. Meeting at which the paper was presented: International Annual Meeting Of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003, Greece.     

Mechanical Testing of Seven Fixation Methods for Generation of Compression Across a Midtarsal Osteotomy: A Comparison of Internal and External Fixation Devices

The purpose of this study was to assess 7 methods of fixation for a midtarsal osteotomy. Polyurethane foam models (N = 6) and cadaver specimens (N = 4-7) were used to examine the force generated by the different constructs of fixation. A midtarsal osteotomy was performed on each specimen in the test groups. The osteotomies were fixated either with 2 parallel 0.062-in Kirschner wires and 40-mm-long, 4-mm partially threaded, cancellous, cannulated titanium screws, an external ring fixator (frame), a frame with wires tensioned (tension), a frame with wires tensioned and compressed toward the osteotomy (tension and compression), a frame with tension, compression, and parallel Kirschner wires, or a frame with tension, compression, and two 4.0 cannulated parallel screws, respectively. Each model was fixated, and the force generated by the construct across the osteotomy was recorded via the use of pressure-sensitive film. Statistical analysis of the data in the polyurethane foam group determined that the use of frame with tension, compression, and two 4.0 parallel cannulated screws was statistically superior to 1) frame, 2) frame with tension, 3) 2 parallel Kirschner wires, 4) two 4.0 cannulated parallel screws, and 5) frame with tension and compression. A cadaver study determined that the frame with tension, compression, and 2 parallel Kirschner wires was statistically superior to 1) frame and 2) two parallel Kirschner wires. These findings suggest that there is a difference in the force generated by the type of fixation construct across a midtarsal osteotomy.     

骨外固定加压治疗胫骨干骨不连

目的 :通过观察半环槽式外固定器治疗胫骨骨不连的治疗效果 ,评价加压外固定对骨损伤修复的作用。方法 :采用半环槽式外固定器骨外加压固定治疗胫骨干骨不连 49例 (男 37例 ,女 12例 ) ,骨不连时间为 7～ 132个月。其中 7例感染性骨不连偏侧性骨缺损者 ,行病灶清除开放性植骨 ;5例感染性骨不连行病灶清除、内固定物取出、小腿皮瓣转位 ;10例骨不连、骨缺损伴伤肢短缩者 ,行胫骨干骺端截骨或骨骺牵伸延长。结果 :植骨全部成活 ,创面植皮获Ⅰ期愈合 ,肢体延长幅度 4.5～ 13 .5cm ,平均 7.5cm ,达到预期目标 ,49例患者均于术后 2 .5～ 10个月 ,获得骨愈合 ,平均 5 .4个月。结论 :骨外固定加压治疗胫骨干骨不连不仅具有确实的效果 ,而且有以下优点 :(1)方法简便、创伤小、局部血运干扰少 ;(2 )在局部感染的条件下仍可使用 ;(3)骨端始终保持有均匀的压应力和肢体功能锻炼时产生的生理应力刺激 ,有利于促进骨愈合 ;(4)可配合肢体延长联合使用 ,既治愈了骨不连 ,又均衡了双下肢长度 ,有利于肢体功能恢复。     

Bone healing after metal plate fixation and external fixation of the osteotomized rabbit tibia

Controversy still exists as to the best method of treatment of long bone fractures. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects on the healing bone of external fixation and metal plate fixation. In an experimental model on the rabbit tibia the stiffness of the fixation corresponded intentionally to that of the same methods in human fracture treatment.

A transverse, midshaft osteotomy was made on one tibia, and fixed with a steel plate (45 × 5 × 1 mm) or external mini-fixation. The animals were killed after 4, 6 or 12 weeks. The bone healing was evaluated by radiography, histology and biomechanical testing in three-point bending. There were no significant differences between plate fixation and external fixation in the pattern of bone healing, as it occurred by periosteal, in-tramedullary and intercortical callus after both methods. The stiffness increased more rapidly than the strength, and reached normal values after about 6 weeks. No significant differences in stiffness between the two methods were found. The strength was significantly greater after plate fixation than after external fixation at 6 weeks, while no significant differences were found at either 4 or 12 weeks.

It is concluded that the speed of bone healing was more rapid after plate fixation. However, in the later stages of healing the plated bones were secondarily weakened because of the stress-protecting effect of the plate.     

Ensuring precision in lower limb deformity correction through a combination of temporary external fixation followed by internal fixation: Results of a retrospective study

Background:

It is important to plan preoperatively when contemplating internal fixation following deformity correction. Surgeons often find it difficult to retain the achieved correction till the end of internal fixation. To maintain precise correction we used hybrid technique which uses both external and internal fixation. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this hybrid technique in achieving and retaining desired correction.

Materials and Methods:

In this retrospective study, we evaluated the magnitude of deformity with radiological parameters. We compared correction which was planned and correction which was achieved. The technique was used during surgery for corrective osteotomies. Before carrying out the osteotomy, rail fixator with two swivel clamps was applied. After osteotomy swivel clamps were loosened. Desired correction was achieved. While fixator held the fragments in corrected position, definitive internal fixation was carried out. External fixator was removed after completion of internal fixation. Position of mechanical axis ratio, mechanical lateral distal femoral angle and mechanical medial proximal tibial angle were measured before and 12 weeks after surgery. Student t-test was used to analyze the difference between correction which was planned and correction which was achieved.

Results:

There was no statistical difference between the desired correction and the correction achieved.

Conclusions:

Temporary use of external fixator while correcting angular deformities of lower limb allows to achieve accurate correction.     

Pilon骨折三种不同治疗方法疗效探讨

目的探讨Pilon骨折的三种不同治疗方法临床适应证及其疗效评价。方法对2000年2月至2006年3月间治疗的63例Pilon骨折患者进行回顾性分析。其中开放性损伤15例，闭合性损伤48例。根据骨折类型与周围软组织损伤程度，分别采用三种不同治疗方法：跟骨牵引加小夹板固定组（29例）均为闭合性骨折，内固定组（23例），外固定器组（11例）。结果所有患者均获得随访，随访8～31个月（平均15．3个月），骨愈合时间8～14周，平均10周。按Helfet疗效评价标准，本组优良者57例（90．5％），其中Ⅰ型骨折优良者26例，Ⅱ型骨折优良者15例，Ⅲ型骨折优良者16例。结论根据骨折类型及软组织条件，恰当选择固定方法是取得Pilon骨折满意疗效的关键，可有效避免并发症的发生。     

骨盆骨折的手术治疗

目的 :探讨骨盆骨折各种手术方法的适应证及治疗效果。方法 :选择 3 2例骨盆骨折手术治疗病人 ,根据Tile’s分型及病人情况选择手术方法。多发伤、Tile’sB型早期 (平均 6.2h )行骨折闭合复位及外固定架固定 ,单纯骨盆骨折、Tile’sC型在伤后 5～ 7d行开放复位 ,用 3 .5～ 4.5mm重建钢板、拉力螺钉固定。结果 :本组 3 0例得到随访 ,平均随访 2 3 .4个月 ,骨折均愈合良好 ,肢体功能恢复良好。结论 :对于骨盆骨折 ,无论采取哪一种治疗方法 ,只要适应证选择得当 ,均能获得良好效果。     

Ruedi-AllgowerⅢ型Pilon骨折的疗效分析

目的回顾分析我院治疗Pilon骨折的病例,探讨Ruedi-Allgower型Pilon骨折的治疗方法。方法对2001年10月至2004年10月共16例Ruedi-Allgower型Pilon骨折给予有限内固定结合外固定治疗,同时术后给予必要的对症治疗与合理的功能锻炼。结果随访10~24个月,平均16个月。按照Mazur评分系统评估疗效,16例患者,优6例,良8例,中1例,差1例,优良率达87.5%。1例发生伤口感染,无深部感染;1例胫前软组织坏死,骨质裸露;1例外固定器针眼感染;1例关节退行性变。结论有限内固定结合外固定治疗Ruedi-Allgower型Pilon骨折,可以减少并发症,取得良好治疗效果。     

腓骨内固定结合外固定治疗Pilon骨折

目的:评价腓骨内固定结合外固定治疗Pilon骨折的效果。方法:对23例采用腓骨内固定结合外固定治疗的Pilon骨折患者进行随访分析。结果:21例随访19～50个月,平均27.5个月,骨折均愈合。根据Baird-Jackson标准:优8例,良10例,可3例,优良率85.7％。结论:腓骨内固定结合外固定在Pilon骨折治疗中具有独特的价值和良好的结果。     

Pilon骨折20例手术治疗体会

目的 探讨Pilon骨折的手术方法及手术时机的选择.方法 回顾性分析根据骨折分型和软组织损伤程度应用不同内固定方法手术治疗的20例Pilon骨折病例.结果 所有病例临床观察平均18个月,均骨性愈合,Ruediand-Allgawer Ⅰ型优良率为100%,Ⅱ性型优良率为80%,Ⅲ型优良率67%.结论 根据患者年龄、全身状况,骨折及关节面软骨、软组织损伤程度等不同因素,选择适宜手术方法及手术时机治疗Pilon骨折,疗效满意.