传统开腹与腹腔镜穿孔修补术治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔临床疗效对比分析

目的:分析对比传统开腹与腹腔镜穿孔修补术治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔临床疗效。方法:选取84例胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者分为观察组和对照组,分别给予传统开腹修补和腹腔镜穿孔修补,比较两组患者手术情况,术后恢复情况、住院时间/费用及并发症发生率。结果:两组患者住院费用和溃疡愈合率,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组患者手术切口、手术时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、胃肠功能恢复时间、术后下床活动时间及并发症发生率显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜穿孔修补术治疗胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔创伤小、出血量少、缩短患者术后恢复时间,降低并发症的发病率,溃疡与愈合率与开腹手术无异,值得进一步推广应用。     

腹腔镜下十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔修补术治疗体会(附58例报告)

目的 总结腹腔镜下穿孔修补术治疗十二指肠球部溃疡急性穿孔的临床经验.方法 2004年7月至2008年7月,本院对58例十二指肠球部溃疡急性穿孔患者施行了腹腔镜下穿孔修补术.结果 58例十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔者,穿孔直径0.2～0.6 cm,手术时间60～90 min,手术均获成功.术后常规抗幽门螺杆菌及抗溃疡治疗,术后患者疼痛轻微,均未使用止痛剂.术后患者经过顺利,住院5～8 d,平均7 d,切口均一期愈合,痊愈出院.结论 腹腔镜手术治疗急性十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔与开腹手术同样安全有效.     

腹腔镜治疗急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔的疗效观察

目的探讨腹腔镜治疗急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔的疗效。方法选取我院2013年1月~2015年1月收治的急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者50例为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组方法进行传统手术方式治疗,观察组给予腹腔镜治疗,对比两组患者术中出血量、术后并发症发生率、术后肛门排气时间及住院时间。结果观察组患者的术中出血量、术后并发症发生率、术后肛门排气时间及住院时间均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜治疗急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔疗效显著。     

腹腔镜与传统开腹手术治疗十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的对照研究

目的：旨在比较腹腔镜修补与开腹手术对十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔的治疗效果。方法：收集我院1996年2月至1999年2月间用腹腔镜行十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔孔修补术的15例临床资料,并将其与同期内行开腹修补穿孔和胃大部切除治疗该病的各15例病例进行对照研究。结果：腹腔镜组与开腹手术（开腹修补组和胃大部切除组）手术时间分别为59min,84min和204min,术后使用镇痛药者在三组中分别为7％（1／15）、73％（11／15）和80％（12／15）;术后胃肠功能恢复时间平均为25h,56h和72h;平均住院时间为6d,8d和10d。腹腔镜组、开腹手术修补组和胃大部分除组的各项指标间比较差异有非常显著性（P＜0．01或P＜0．001）。对腹腔镜组中11例患者进行了随访,平均随访时间为10个月（3－20个月）,经消化道钡餐X线检查和胃镜检查均未见溃疡复发。结论：用腹腔镜行十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔修补是安全,有效的治疗方法,与传统开腹手术相比具有手术时间短,损伤小,切口疼痛轻,术后恢复快, 住院时间短等优点。     

腹腔镜与开腹胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔修补术的对比研究

选择胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔修补患者68例,对其中32例采用腹腔镜治疗(腹腔镜组),36例行开腹穿孔修补术(开腹组),术后正规抗溃疡治疗.发现与开腹组比较,腹腔镜组手术时间明显缩短,术中出血量减少,术后肠蠕动恢复时间及下床活动时间较早,术后镇痛例数减少.认为腹腔镜胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔修补术具有创伤小、康复快、住院时间短等优点,术后抗溃疡治疗效果满意,值得临床推广.     

肝硬化并发上消化道溃疡穿孔患者手术治疗方式及疗效

目的探讨肝硬化并发上消化道溃疡穿孔患者的手术治疗方式及疗效。方法回顾性分析2009年6月至2019年6月于首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院进行手术治疗的46例肝硬化并发上消化道溃疡穿孔患者的临床资料。其中40例行穿孔修补术,6例行远端胃大部切除术。依据手术方式不同,将穿孔修补术患者分为开腹组(18例)和腹腔镜组(22例),比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、术后住院时间及术后并发症。电话或门诊随访行穿孔修补术患者术后1～12个月胃镜结果。结果开腹组与腹腔镜组患者手术时间[(131.3±21.7)min vs(85.7±22.8)min]、术中出血量[(150.0±40.8)ml vs(40.0±11.5)ml]、术后排气时间[(4.5±1.3)d vs(2.8±1.0)d]、术后住院时间[(28.1±20.7)d vs(8.1±1.8)d]及术后并发症[61.1%(11/18)vs 22.7%(5/22)]差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。行远端胃大部切除术的6例患者均无严重并发症。随访40例穿孔修补术后患者,29例在术后1～12个月进行了胃镜检查,其中3例溃疡未愈合,继续内科治疗后痊愈;3例十二指肠球部瘢痕伴狭窄,患者无症状;1例胃窦溃疡患者术后1年复查溃疡癌变。结论腹腔镜穿孔修补术更适用于肝硬化并发上消化道溃疡穿孔患者,具有创伤小、手术时间短、出血量少及恢复快等优点。远端胃大部切除术可综合患者情况谨慎开展。     

腹腔镜手术与开腹手术治疗老年胃十二指肠穿孔的疗效对比

目的 探讨腹腔镜手术与传统开腹术治疗老年胃十二指肠穿孔的临床疗效.方法 收集该院72例老年胃十二指肠穿孔患者的手术资料,将其随机分为两组,腹腔镜组36例,行腹腔镜胃十二指肠穿孔修补术;开腹组36例,行传统开腹胃十二指肠穿孔修补术.观察两组老年患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、胃肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间以及术后并发症并进行比较.结果 腹腔镜组手术时间和出血量明显少于开腹组(P＜0.05),术后排气时间、胃肠功能恢复时间以及住院时间亦比开腹组短(P＜0.05),术后老年患者并发症发生率明显低于开腹组(P＜0.05);腹腔镜组的总有效率(94.4％)高于开腹组的总有效率(77.8％)(P＜0.05).结论 腹腔镜手术治疗老年胃十二指肠穿孔具有微创、恢复快、术后并发症少、住院时间短等优点,值得临床推广应用.     

胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔患者腹腔镜下修补术后联合三联疗法治疗的临床疗效

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)相关性胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔患者应用腹腔镜下修补术后联合三联疗法治疗的临床疗效。方法选取2012年1月至2015年1月于广州中医药大学第一附属医院二外科行腹腔镜下修补术治疗的120例H.pylori相关性胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔患者为研究对象,根据术后治疗方法的不同分为对照组与观察组,每组60例。两组术后均给予常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上增加三联疗法(奥美拉唑+克拉霉素+甲硝唑),观察手术治疗效果,比较两组H.pylori根除率、临床症状评分与复发率。结果两组手术均成功,两组手术时间均在50~100 min,术后无幽门梗阻、无肠瘘、出血等并发症发生。观察组H.pylori根除率为96.67%,明显高于对照组的78.33%(P0.05);观察组治疗后6周临床症状评分低于对照组;随访期间观察组复发率为1.67%,低于对照组的11.67%(P0.05)。结论采用腹腔镜下修补术治疗H.pylori(+)胃十二指肠溃疡急性穿孔患者,安全可靠;术后给予患者药物三联疗法治疗可有效根除H.pylori,促进患者胃肠功能的恢复,降低复发率。     

低位十二指肠前壁溃疡切除术20例

目的治疗低位十二指肠前壁溃疡，采用常规治疗难以切除，而旷置可能引起出血、瘘，通过采用该术式，可以解决上述问题，达到临床治愈．方法按胃大部切除术步骤进行，不同的是溃疡切除不在远端水平离断，而在幽门下溃疡近端离断．溃疡单纯剔除，缺损的十二指肠前壁，由延长的胃前壁所补偿，一般延长的胃前壁舌瓣约3．0cm或依据溃疡切除范围适当修剪，残胃和十二指肠端吻合．结果本文报告20例，12例急性十二指肠溃疡穿孔，8例为十二指肠溃疡出血，均为前壁低位溃疡．年龄在25岁～58岁，病史20a以上4例，10a～20a10例，5a～10a3例，5a以内3例．12例急性穿孔患者在6h～12h手术，8例十二指肠溃疡出血患者，3例急诊手术，5例经保守治疗，出血停止后择期手术，平均手术时限2h，20例痊愈．出院前行钡餐透视或内镜检查，显示吻合口，通畅，无钡剂潴留．20例随访3mo～24mo未见并发症发生，食欲体重都有不同程度增加．内镜随访12例，除了胃内少许胆汁反流，粘膜轻质水肿，糜烂，无溃疡复发．结论本术式简单易行，损伤小，恢复快，符合生理解剖，对特殊类型的十二指肠前壁低位溃疡，穿孔，出血的患者，能获得溃疡病灶根治性切除，避免术后并发症的发生，有一定的实用性和推广价值．     

腹腔镜胃镜联合治疗胃十二指肠良性肿瘤

目的探讨应用胃镜术中定位联合腹腔镜治疗胃十二指肠良性肿瘤的临床价值。方法对腹腔镜外科治疗胃十二指肠良性肿瘤术中难以定位的患者，应用术中胃镜定位技术，共治疗胃良性肿瘤11例、十二指肠良性肿瘤2例。结果11例在双镜联合下顺利找到肿瘤并成功行局部切除，无并发症。手术时间50～98min，平均69min，出血约20～100ml，术后2～4d恢复流质饮食，平均住院时间5．7d；1例术中胃镜下病灶隐匿，分离胃小弯侧系膜后在单纯腹腔镜下找到肿瘤并切除；另1例为LC术后1年患者，超声内镜提示十二指肠球部占位，术中未发现肿瘤。结论应用腹腔镜及胃镜联合治疗胃十二指肠良性肿瘤具有定位准确迅速、缩短手术时间、手术创伤小、术后疼痛轻、恢复快等优点，具有良好的应用价值。     

Laparoscopic versus open surgical closure of perforated duodenal ulcers: a comparative study.

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic closure of duodenal ulcer perforation may be an alternative to open surgery due to lower morbidity. Most published series have used omental plug for laparoscopic closure. We performed simple closure of the perforation laparoscopically and compared the results with those obtained by open surgery. METHODS: Of 77 consecutive patients with duodenal ulcer perforation 10 were excluded due to their high risk for laparoscopic surgery. 34 (age 18-61 years; one woman) were treated by laparoscopic surgery while 33 (age 23-63 years; two women) underwent laparotomy. Closure of the perforation was achieved by suturing the edges of the perforation. RESULTS: 27 patients had successful closure of perforation by laparoscopy; one had sealed perforation and did not need closure. Conversion to open surgery was necessary in 6 patients (17.8%). Median operating time was 50 minutes (range 25 to 120) and median hospital stay was 4 days (range 4 to 6) for laparoscopy. There was no postoperative leak. Corresponding figures for open surgery were 55 minutes (45 to 75) and 9 days (7 to 13). Patients in the laparoscopy group returned early to work (median 13 days, range 10 to 15 days postoperatively) as against 26 days (21 to 35) in the open surgery group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic closure of duodenal ulcer perforation is safe and effective. It is a better method of treating duodenal ulcer perforation when the patient's condition allows pneumoperitoneum and laparoscopy.     

应用腹腔镜治疗外科急腹症150例报告

本文报告应用腹腔镜技术治疗外科急腹症１５０例，其中９２例急性胆囊炎完成腹腔镜下胆囊切除术８１例，５０例急性阑尾炎完成腹腔镜下阑尾切除术４４例，胃、十二指肠球部溃疡穿孔腹腔镜修补５例，脾破裂、粘连性肠梗阻、原发性腹膜炎各１例腹腔镜手术均获成功。完成腹腔镜手术者术后恢复快，并发症少，取得了较满意的效果，本文介绍了腹腔镜治疗多种急腹症的操作要点及技巧，并提出急腹症行急诊腹腔镜探查的指征。     

Laparoscopic management of duodenal ulcer perforation: is it advantageous?

BACKGROUND: Surgery is the mainstay of treatment of patients with peptic duodenal perforation. With the advent of minimal access techniques, laparoscopy is being used for the treatment of this condition. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 120 consecutive patients (mean age 44.5 years; 111 men) with duodenal ulcer perforation who had undergone laparoscopic surgery. RESULTS: 87 patients had history of tobacco consumption, 12 were chronic NSAID users, 72 had Helicobacter pylori infection and 36 had a co-morbid condition. The mean time to surgery from onset of symptoms was 28.4 hours. The median operating time was 46 minutes. All patients underwent laparoscopic closure of the perforation with Graham's patch omentopexy; 12 patients underwent additional definitive ulcer surgery. The morbidity rate was 7.5%; no patient needed conversion to open surgery or died. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.8 days. CONCLUSION: Results of laparoscopic management of perforated peptic ulcer are encouraging, with no conversion to open surgery, low morbidity and no mortality.     

Surgical treatment of peptic ulcer

Despite a decreasing number of operations for ulcer, there are many patients who require definitive treatment. If an operation is required for duodenal ulcer, vagotomy of some type is part of the treatment, and in gastric ulcer resection with or without vagotomy is required. Extended proximal gastric vagotomy can be performed in the majority of patients, excluding those who are unstable or have severe concomitant diseases. In cases of urgent surgery for hemorrhage or perforation, the surgical procedure must be selected individually. Although the role of traditional operations is well established, there is increasing interest in laparoscopic approaches. However, because there is a diminishing of elective surgery for ulcer, it is unlikely that these new procedures may be evaluated as operations were evaluated in the past.     

Perforated peptic ulcer in Hong Kong and New South Wales

Direct comparisons of ulcer perforation rates and trends between countries have not been made in the past. Data on hospital admissions for perforated peptic ulcer during 1 January 1979 to 31 December 1985 were collected in Hong Kong (5868 perforations) and New South Wales, Australia (1669 perforations). Age and sex specific rates per 100,000 population were calculated. In Hong Kong, annual duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer perforation rates were 13-16 and under two per 100,000 population respectively. In New South Wales, the corresponding rates were between three and four and under two per 100,000 population, respectively. The male:female ratios for duodenal ulcer perforation were consistently about 5:1 in Hong Kong and 2:1 in New South Wales, and for gastric ulcer perforation about 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. The incidence of perforation increased with age, and there was a statistically significant rise, over time, in duodenal but not gastric ulcer perforation rates in persons aged over 60 years in New South Wales; similar trends were seen in Hong Kong. Thus duodenal ulcer perforation occurs five times more commonly in Hong Kong than in New South Wales and this is largely accountable for by the higher rates of duodenal ulcer perforation in Chinese than in Australian males. Such geographical differences can best be explained by the occurrence of multiple aetiological mechanisms in ulcer perforation. Furthermore, there appears to be an increased susceptibility and an appreciable rising trend for duodenal ulcer perforation to occur in the elderly.     

Peptic ulcer perforation: management of high-risk cases by percutaneous abdominal drainage

Sixty-six patients were selected as high-risk cases of duodenal ulcer perforation. After resuscitation with intravenous fluids and nasogastric suction, a widebore percutaneous intra-abdominal drain was put in under local anaesthesia.There were three (4.5%) deaths; 58 (87.8%) patients improved satisfactorily. High-risk peptic ulcer perforation patients can be managed by putting in an intra-abdominal drain supported by conservative treatment.     

消化道黏膜下肿物内镜下切除及其并发症防治

目的探讨消化道黏膜下肿物(gastrointestinal submucosal tumor,SMT)的内镜下切除方法及其并发症的防治。方法对382例SMT采用内镜黏膜下挖除术(ESE)、胃镜与腹腔镜双镜联合、内镜黏膜下隧道肿瘤切除术(STER)以及内镜全层切除术(EFTR)进行肿物切除。结果 ESE切除332例,胃镜与腹腔镜双镜联合切除36例(其中20例为腹腔镜为主内镜辅助腹腔镜治疗,16例为瘤体较大,与浆膜层分界不清,单独内镜下挖除瘤体困难,术中转外科腹腔镜与胃镜双镜联合治疗),STER切除10例,EFTR切除4例。术中穿孔24例,其中内镜下瘤体剥离后发生胃壁穿孔转外科腹腔镜下缝合穿孔7例、内镜下尼龙绳荷包缝合9例、内镜下钛夹缝合6例、内镜下OTSC金属夹闭合器达到严密缝合2例。术后发生迟发性出血1例。术后感染1例。无死亡病例发生。结论 ESE、胃镜与腹腔镜双镜联合、STER以及EFTR是目前切除SMT微创、有效、安全、可行的方法。穿孔是其主要并发症,大多数穿孔可在内镜下达到严密缝合。     

CASE REPORT OF TRICHOBEZOAR CAUSING GASTRIC PERFORATION

A 17‐year‐old girl with trichophagia (hair eating) habits was admitted to our hospital because of severe acute epigastralgia in June 1997. Abdominal computed tomography showed free air in the abdominal cavity and a heterogeneous mass in the stomach and the duodenum. A perforation on the anterior wall of the lower gastric body was found by urgent laparoscopic surgery and thus a laparoscopic omental patch repair was performed. Endoscopic examination after the operation revealed a large trichobezoar and gastric ulcers. An attempt made by us to extract the bezoar by endoscopy using a flexible outer‐tube was unsuccessful. The gastric ulcer relapsed in November 1997. Another attempt was made to extract the bezoar with laparoscopic instrumentation using a percutaneous gastrostomy port associated with oral gastroendoscopy. Only the part of the bezoar in the duodenum was extracted, and multiple superficial ulcers and erosions in the second part of the duodenum were found. Removal of the entire bezoar in the stomach required surgical gastrostomy. An endoscopic examination after the operation revealed healing of the gastric ulcer and duodenal erosions. Gastric perforation due to trichobezoar is a rare complication. Since the attempt to remove the trichobezoar in a minimally invasive manner failed, a surgical gastrostomy was required.     

Peptic Ulcer in Infants: Three Case Reports and a Review of the Japanese Literature

Abstract: Three cases of peptic ulcer in children under two years of age are reported, and 33 cases of infants with peptic ulcer reported in Japan between 1955 and March, 1989 are reviewed. Case 1 was an 8-month-old male complaining of melena, and endoscopic examination showed a gastric ulcer on the lesser curvature of the antrum. Cases 2 and 3 were a 15-month-old mule and an 18-month-old male, respectively, with complaints of melena and hematemesis. Endoscopic examination revealed an active duodenal ulcer in both cases. All 3 infants were successfully treated with H₂ blocker and/or antacid. In these 3 cases, infection or drugs were speculated to be predisposing factors, and the fathers of these three infants all had histories of duodenal ulcer. Among 33 cases of infants under 2 years old with peptic ulcer in Japan, 9 had a gastric ulcer and 24 had a duodenal ulcer. Seventeen were treated with conservative therapy and 16 were operated on because of perforation or bleeding. We should always keep in mind that peptic ulcer does occur in infancy, and that endoscopic examination should be promptly performed when peptic ulcer is suspected.