自我护理能力实施量表中文版在精神分裂症患者中的信效度

目的:评价自我护理能力实施量表(ESCA)中文版在精神分裂症患者中的信度和效度。方法:抽取150例精神分裂症患者进行ESCA初测,进行初步的项目分析;正式施测阶段抽取300例精神分裂症患者,7 d后对其中30例进行重测,计算克朗巴赫α系数、重测信度评价量表内部一致性;采用探索性因子分析方法考评量表结构效度;相关分析来评价量表的效标效度。结果:条目一总分相关法及决断值法对条目的区分度进行分析后,组成35个条目的新量表,经最大方差旋转法旋转后提取4个因子,4个因子累计解释的方差为42.38%;ESCA与日常生活能力评定量表、护士用住院病人观察量表相关系数分别为0.59,0.63;Cranach'sα系数为0.88,重测信度为0.65。结论:ESCA中文版具有较好的信度和效度,用于精神分裂症患者自我护理能力的研究需要反复修订。     

Validation of the Korean version of the Boston Autonomic Symptom Questionnaire

Background and PurposeThe Boston Autonomic Symptom Questionnaire (BASQ) is a quantitative tool using a numeric rating scale to assess the symptoms of systemic dysautonomia, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary, sudomotor, vasomotor, and sexual functions. The aim of this study was to validate the Korean version of the BASQ (KBASQ).MethodsProspectively enrolled subjects who submitted to autonomic function tests, including tests for cardiovagal, adrenergic, and sudomotor functions, also completed the KBASQ and the Korean version of the Orthostatic Grading Scale (KOGS), a validated questionnaire or assessing orthostatic symptoms.Twenty-eight subjects completed the KBASQ twice to assess test-retest reliability. We classified the subjects to dysautonomia or normal control group according to dysautonomic symptoms and the results of autonomic function tests.ResultsThis study enrolled 225 subjects aged 54.0±18.1 years (mean±standard deviation), with a male/female ratio of 1/1.03. The internal validity of the KBASQ was excellent (Cronbach''s α=0.922), and that of each of its subscales ranged from excellent to acceptable (Cronbach''s α=0.709–0.952). The test-retest reliability was good, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.354 to 0.917. The subcategory scores for the KBASQ were significantly higher in the dysautonomia group than in the normal control group. There were significant correlations among the items in the KBASQ and KOGS. There was also a significant correlation between KBASQ scores and the results of the autonomic function tests.ConclusionsThe internal validity and reliability of the KBASQ were good, indicating that it may be a useful screening tool for the systematic evaluation of autonomic symptoms in patients with dysautonomia.     

Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the narcolepsy severity scale

IntroductionNarcolepsy type 1 is a sleep disorder and the most common cause of hypersonia of central origin. It is characterized by sleep attacks, cataplexy, sleep-related hallucinations, sleep paralysis and sleep fragmentation in a pleomorphic presentation. The Narcolepsy Severity Scale (NSS), questionnaire which assesses the frequency and impact of the main symptoms of narcolepsy was developed in order to determine its clinical severity, needing translation, cultural adaptation and validation in many languages. The objective is to validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of the NSS.MethodsThe Brazilian version of the NSS was translated to Brazilian Portuguese and applied to patients with a diagnosis of narcolepsy type 1 at the Daytime Excessive Sleepiness Service, at Psychobiology Department of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) between February 2018 and July 2019.ResultsA total of 52 patients completed the questionnaire. Cultural adaptations were made to better comprehension of patients. The Brazilian version of the NSS showed high internal consistency, demonstrated by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.82. It showed good reproducibility capacity, verified through the test-retest, whose intraclass correlation was 0.98. The average severity of Brazilian patients was 33.94 (±11.24), higher than the values found in other population, which also underwent validation of this scale. There was a correlation between sleep latency in diagnostic polysomnography and the NSS.ConclusionsThe Brazilian Portuguese version of NSS showed to be valid and reproducible tool for assessing the severity of patients with type 1 narcolepsy and have potential impact on clinical practice.     

Evaluation of outcome measures for myasthenia gravis subgroups

IntroductionDisease evaluation and long-term follow-up of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients rely on disease-specific measures. We evaluated four widely used MG-specific assessments, and compared the response to disease change in different MG subgroups.MethodsWe used the Cronbach's α coefficient to test reliability, Pearson correlation coefficients to test construct validity, as well as one-way ANOVA and independent-sample t-tests to access discriminant validity. Analyses of similar items between QMG and MG-ADL included paired-sample t-tests and mean score comparisons. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to describe the correlation between changes of QMG, MG-ADL, MG-QOL15r and MGC. The Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test was performed to compare the outcomes.Results872 MG patients were enrolled. QMG, MG-ADL, MG-QOL15r, and MGC all exhibited high reliability. All four scales displayed good discriminant validity according to the MGFA classification and MGC score. MG-ADL showed significant differences between patients grouped by age and gender, and MG-QOL15r showed significant differences between patients grouped by age. Analyses of similar items showed that MG-ADL achieved higher scores in bulbar items, whereas QMG produced higher scores in limb items. For patients in remission or minimal manifestation status, QMG exhibited significantly greater improvement than MG-QOL15r. In patients of MGFA I, II, III, and IV, QMG showed significantly greater improvement than MG-ADL.ConclusionsPatient-reported scale is an important supplement for a given period. MG-ADL has a better response to severe disease, and MG-QOL15r is more comprehensive for patients in remission or minimal manifestation status.     

Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Biological Rhythms Interview of assessment in neuropsychiatry-self report for delayed sleep-wake phase disorder

ObjectiveThe Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN) might be applicable for assessing delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD). We aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the BRIAN self-report (J-BRIAN-SR) in DSWPD patients and determine a cutoff score to identify the presence of the disorder.MethodsWe enrolled 60 newly diagnosed DSWPD outpatients and 64 age-matched healthy controls. We used Cronbach's alpha for internal reliability to evaluate J-BRIAN-SR. We confirmed the reliability of the A test and re-test using Pearson's correlation coefficient in the controls. We used confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate the factor structure of J-BRIAN-SR and referenced the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) to check concurrent validity. We analyzed the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to determine the J-BRIAN-SR cutoff point for the presence of DSWPD.ResultsThe 18-component scores of the J-BRIAN-SR had an overall reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) of 0.82. We confirmed a high test-retest reliability using an intraclass correlation coefficient (r = 0.84). The correlation between J-BRIAN-SR and MEQ was 0.38 (p = 0.003). The J-BRIAN-SR that we extracted by exploratory factor analysis consisted of three factors. A score of 40 points provided a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 75.6% for the positivity of DSWPD.ConclusionsThe results of the present study revealed that J-BRIAN-SR is a valid and reliable instrument for screening and evaluating the severity of DSWPD. Our findings will be useful to physicians and patients in Japan and those in clinical settings.     

PHQ-9在综合医院住院患者中信效度研究

目的检验病人健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)在综合医院住院患者中应用的信度和效度,探索PHQ-9在综合医院住院患者中快速筛查抑郁的可行性。方法方便抽取四川大学华西医院569名住院患者,在规定指导语下完成PHQ-9评定,采用随机数字表法随机抽取38名患者在完成初次评定2周后进行PHQ-9重测;以简明国际神经精神访谈(MINI)作为"金标准",评估中文版PHQ-9的效标效度,共139名患者接受MINI中文版访谈。结果 PHQ-9在本研究中的Cronbach'sα系数为0.839,各条目与总评分的相关系数r=0.484~0.724(P0.01),各条目间相关系数r=0.229~0.520(P0.01);两周后重测系数r=0.846(P0.01);因子分析获得3个公因子,分别为自我评价因子、情感因子和躯体化因子;最佳诊断划界分为8分,敏感度为92.6%,特异度为60.6%;PHQ-9的ROC曲线下面积为0.841(95%CI:0.777~0.905)。结论 PHQ-9应用于综合医院住院患者抑郁评估中具有良好的信效度,8分为该量表的最佳划界分。     

Development of traditional Chinese version of World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 36 – item (WHODAS 2.0) in Taiwan: Validity and reliability analyses

BackgroundWorld Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) provided a standardized method for measuring the health and disability and the traditional Chinese version has not been developed.AimsTo describe the process of developing the traditional Chinese version of the WHODAS 2.0 36-item version and to evaluate the concurrent validity and test–retest reliability of this instrument.MethodsThe study was conducted in two phases. Phase I was the process of translation of WHODAS 2.0 36-item version. Phase II was a cross-sectional study. The participants were 307 adults who were tested the validity and reliability of draft traditional Chinese version.ResultsThe reliability of Cronbach's α and ICC in the WHODAS 2.0 traditional Chinese version were 0.73–0.99 and 0.8–089, respectively. The content validity was good (r = 0.7–0.76), and the concurrent validity was excellent in comparison with the WHOQOL-BREF (p < 0.5). The construct validity, the model was explained total variance was 67.26% by the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) illustrated the traditional Chinese version was good to assess disability. There was a valid and reliable measurement scales for evaluating functioning and disability status.ConclusionFor disability eligibility system of Taiwan government to measure the disability, the traditional Chinese version of the WHODAS 2.0 provided valuable evidence to design the assessment instrument.     

Translation,cross-cultural adaptation,and validation of the Bulgarian version of the Liverpool Adverse Event Profile

BackgroundAdverse effects (AEs) of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) affect the quality of life of patients with epilepsy and their outcomes. There are no questionnaires or studies on the reliability and validity of instruments measuring AEs of AEDs in patients with epilepsy in Bulgarian language.PurposeThe aim of the present study was the translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the LAEP in the Bulgarian language in order to use it in the Bulgarian-speaking population in providing a reliable instrument for the clinical monitoring of patients with epilepsy.MethodsOne hundred thirty-one patients (57 men and 74 women, mean age: 40.13 ± 13.37 years) took part in the investigation. The internal consistency and test–retest reliability were tested by Cronbach's α and ICC estimations. The convergent construct validity was tested by estimating the correlation of the LAEP-BG with the QOLIE-89 and the discriminant validity by evaluating the difference between LAEP-BG scores and clinical parameters such as the type of epilepsy using Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA.ResultsThe LAEP-BG showed high internal consistency and reliability. The Cronbach's α of the total scale was 0.86. No significant differences between the Cronbach's α coefficients of the total LAEP-BG and original English, Chinese, Spanish, Korean, and Portuguese–Brazilian versions of the questionnaire were observed. The ICCs, which evaluate the test–retest reliability, were higher than the recommended value of 0.75 and determined the strong positive correlations between the first and second examinations. The creation of two subscales “Neurological and psychiatric side effects” and “Non neurological side effects” of the LAEP-BG proposed by us showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α of 0.85 and 0.71, respectively). The LAEP-BG scores significantly correlated with other questionnaires such as the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory—89 (QOLIE-89) and showed a good discriminative validity between groups with different levels of self-assessed AEs of AEDs.ConclusionThe Bulgarian version of the Liverpool Adverse Event Profile (LAEP) is a reliable and valid tool in assessing the patient-reported AEs of AEDs and their impact on the patient's outcome.     

暴力危险性筛查量表中文版在精神分裂症患者中的信度与效度研究

目的：引入暴力危险性筛查量表（violenceriskscreening-10,V—RISK-10）,对V—RISK-10中文版在精神分裂症患者中的信度与效度进行检验。方法：对英文版V—RISK-10进行翻译和修订,以109例精神分裂症患者为评估对象,完成一般情况调查表、V—RISK-10中文版、卫生部危险性评估、修订版外显行为攻击量表（MOAS）的测评。其中14例患者由2位评估者独立评估V—RISK-10中文版,49例患者2周后重测V—RISK．10中文版。结果：V—RISK-10中文版9个条目的鉴别力良好,内部一致性系数0．833（P〈0．01）。评分者信度（斯皮尔曼等级相关系数：r=0．655—0．899）、重测信度（Kappa=0．536—1．000）较好（P〈0．ol或P〈0．05）。V—RISK．10中文版中7个条目得分与其综合评定建议分级（Kendal和谐系数为0．387～0．685）、危险性评估分级（Kendal和谐系数为0．319～0．618）、MOAS总分（皮尔逊相关系数：,=0,301～0．585）均显著正性相关（P均〈0．01）;关联效度理想。结论：V—RISK-10中文版在精神分裂症患者中的信度与关联效度良好。     

Adaptation and validation of the Parental Behaviour Scale for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Chinese parents

BackgroundThe present study aimed to adapt and examine the psychometric properties of the Parental Behaviour Scale - ASD (PBS-A) in Chinese parents of young children with ASD.MethodsThe translated version of the PBS-A was administered to 416 parents of young children with ASD (sample 1) to examine the construct validity and internal consistencies. One hundred and five of them (sample 2) were followed-up a month later to examine the test-retest reliability. The Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ), the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Autism Parenting Stress Inventory (APSI) were administered along with the Chinese version of the PBS-A (C-PBS-A) in Sample 3 (n = 110) to examine the criterion validity of the scale.ResultsThe original structure was not replicated, and a new seven-factor structure containing 41 items was determined using exploratory factor analysis. There were four dimensions measuring shared parenting behaviors with typically developing children and three dimensions measuring ASD-specific parenting behaviors. The internal consistencies and test-retest reliabilities of the C-PBS-A were acceptable. The positive correlations among subscales of the C-PBS-A and similar dimensions in the APQ supported good convergent validity. In support of predictive validity, supportive dimensions in the C-PBS-A were negatively correlated with children’s behavioral problems and parenting stress, while negative control dimensions were positively correlated with these two variables.ConclusionThe Chinese version of the Parental Behaviour Scale (ASD) has good validity and reliability. It can be used to measure the parenting behaviors among Chinese parents of young children with ASD in future research.     

中文版偏头痛患者药物依赖性问卷信度和效度研究

目的评价中文版偏头痛患者药物依赖性问卷的信度和效度。方法选取115例合并药物依赖综合征的偏头痛患者,收集其临床资料并进行中文版偏头痛患者药物依赖性问卷的测试。采用重测信度、内部一致性信度评价分析问卷信度,采用内容效度和结构效度评价分析问卷效度。结果量表的重测信度除条目11和条目16为0.558和0.443以外,其余条目的重测信度均大于0.7。总量表的Cronbach’α系数为0.820,各个维度的Cronbach’α系数均0.7。量表的各条目得分和相应维度总分之间的相关系数在0.595~0.962之间。因子分析共提取7个特征根大于1的因子,可解释总变异的76.3%,在相应项目上均有较强的因子载荷。结论中文版偏头痛患者药物依赖性问卷具有较好的信度和效度,适合临床推广应用。     

Reliability and validity of Persian version of Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) in motorcyclists

Abstract

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of brief self-control scale (BSCS) in Iranian motorcyclists.

Methods: The original English questionnaire of BSCS has been translated into Persian using the direct-reverse approach. A total of 130 motorcyclists aged 18–65?years old in Iran–Kashan completed the questionnaire. Validity was determined by content validity methods, structural validity through factor analysis, and also the convergence and divergence validity using Spearman correlation coefficient. The intra class correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to estimate the reliability of the self-control tool. Reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha.

Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age at the time of study was 38.5?±?13.5?years old and all of the subjects were male. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the whole questionnaire (BSCS) was 0.81, which was good in this regard. The ICC coefficient was 0.88 with confidence interval of (0.8–0.93), which confirmed the repeatability of this tool. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) yielded a two-factor solution accounted for 42% of the observed variance.

Conclusion: This study showed that Persian version of BSCS has a good reliability and validity for self-control in the Persian language community.

• Key points

• The Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) has good internal consistency.

• The Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) has acceptable reliability.

• Brief Self-control Scale (BSCS) has acceptable validity and reliability in the population studies.

     

Psychometric properties of the short form of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI-S) in young people with physical disabilities

ObjectiveDepression is a significant issue for young people with physical disabilities. Efficient and reliable questionnaires are needed to evaluate and monitor the efficacy of depression treatments in this population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the 10-item version of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI-S) in a sample of young people with physical disabilities.MethodsA convenience sample of young people with physical disabilities (N = 97) was recruited and interviewed. Reliability was evaluated using the Cronbach's α and examining the item-total correlations. Validity was evaluated by computing Pearson correlations between scores on the CDI-S and measures of pain and psychological functioning (anxiety and depression).ResultsThe CDS-I items loaded on a single factor. The internal consistency of the scale was good (Cronbach's α = 0.84) and the CDI-S showed moderate significant correlations with pain intensity (r = 0.29), pain interference (r = 0.46) and psychological functioning (r = − 0.57). Two of the items, however, did not perform well (i.e., item-total correlations < 0.3, and Cronbach's α improved when they were deleted).ConclusionThe findings support the reliability and validity of the CDI-S scores for use in young people with physical disabilities. The measure's psychometric properties should be studied in larger samples. In addition, there is a new brief version of the CDI (CDI-S 2) that needs to be evaluated in order to determine which of the two scales is better for assessing depression in young people with physical disabilities.     

The Psychometric Properties of the Korean Version of the Verbal Abuse Questionnaire in University Students

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Korean Verbal Abuse Questionnaire (K-VAQ) that consists of 15 items related with life-time verbal aggression exposure.MethodsA total of 5814 university students who agreed to take part in the study completed the K-VAQ, the Korean version of the Life Event CheckList (LEC-K) and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (K-IES-R). Internal consistency was checked by using item-total item correlation and Cronbach''s alpha coefficient. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed, and convergent and concurrent validity levels were examined. Finally, a cluster analysis was conducted to verify the validity of the cutoff point of the K-VAQ.ResultsThe Cronbach''s alpha correlation coefficient was 0.9. The K-VAQ showed a single factor structure which explained 55.34% of the total variance. The K-VAQ was significantly associated with the LEC-K (r=0.24) and K-IES-R (r=0.28), indicating good convergent validity and concurrent validity. The cluster analysis provided four clusters of trauma experiences: high, moderate, low, and minimal, with K-VAQ ranges of 43-81, 20-42, 7-19, and 0-6, respectively. In a further investigation, a K-VAQ score of 40 was found to be the appropriate cutoff point to delineate the highly verbally abused group, as used in the previous studies. A sum of 36.5% of the highly verbally abused group reported to show substantial symptoms of PTSD (K-IES-R score >22).ConclusionThe present findings suggest that the K-VAQ has good psychometric properties for assessing verbal aggression among the Korean population.     

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (C-NDDI-E)

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (C-NDDI-E).MethodsA total of 248 Chinese patients with epilepsy underwent psychometric tests, including the Chinese version of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (C-MINI), the Chinese version of the Beck Depression Inventory — II (C-BDI-II), and the C-NDDI-E.ResultsNone of the patients had difficulties understanding or completing the C-NDDI-E. Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.824. At a cutoff score of ≥ 14, the C-NDDI-E had a sensitivity of 0.854, a specificity of 0.899, a positive predictive value of 0.625, and a negative predictive value of 0.969. The scores for the C-NDDI-E were positively correlated with those for the C-BDI-II (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe C-NDDI-E is a reliable and valid screening tool for the detection of major depression in Chinese patients with epilepsy.     

Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Scale for the Assessment of Thought,Language, and Communication

BackgroundOur study aimed to assess the inter-rater and test-retest reliability, as well as concurrent and convergent validity, of the Korean version of the Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language, and Communication (TLC scale).MethodsThe factor solutions and psychometric properties of the Korean version of the TLC scale were evaluated among 167 schizophrenia inpatients (study subjects) at two sites in South Korea. Using Pearson’s correlation, the concurrent and convergent validities of each of the factor solutions were represented by the correlations with the scores on the Clinical Language Disorder Rating Scale, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, and Calgary Depression Scale. Using receiver operating characteristics curves, the optimal cut-off score for the Korean version of the TLC scale to distinguish between study subjects with and without disorganized speech, was identified.ResultsThe results showed that the Korean version of the TLC scale has a three-factor solution: fluent disorganization, speech emptiness, and speech peculiarity. In addition, the interrater reliability of the Korean version of the TLC scale was moderately good (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.51) and its test-retest reliability was very good (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.94). For detecting the current presence of disorganized speech, the optimal cut-off total score on the TLC scale was proposed to be 8 points (sensitivity = 88.1%; specificity = 82.9%).LimitationsPsychometric tools covering cognitive functions were not used in our study.ConclusionsThe Korean version of the TLC scale is a promising psychometric method for examining formal thought disorder (FTD) and disorganized speech in schizophrenia patients.     

Reliability and validity of a Norwegian version of the quality of life in epilepsy inventory (QOLIE-89)

PURPOSE: To develop a Norwegian version of the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-89) and to confirm its psychometric properties. METHODS: The QOLIE-89 was adapted to Norwegian language through a translation-backtranslation procedure. The assessment included 397 patients with epilepsy. We assessed internal consistency and test-retest reliabilities. Construct validity was assessed by correlating scales with items of the 15D health status questionnaire, and discriminant validity was assessed by comparing scores for known groups. RESULTS: The internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha, 0.76-0.92) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.67-0.96) for the individual domains were acceptable. Spearman's rank correlations between QOLIE-89 domain scores and corresponding 15D single-item scores were high (p, 0.47-0.76), and generally higher than the associations between noncorresponding items. Most QOLIE-89 items discriminated well between patients according to seizure status, psychiatric comorbidity, and working status; less well after antiepileptic drug use and neurologic comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: In this cross-sectional survey, the Norwegian version of the QOLIE-89 was reliable and showed properties supporting construct validity, at a level comparable with the original U.S. version.     

Examining the Psychometric Properties and Clinical Correlates of the Korean Version of the Family Accommodation Scale-Self-Rated Version for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Objective We aimed to develop a Korean version of the Family Accommodation Scale-Self-Rated (FAS-SR), to investigate its reliability and validity and to study the clinical correlates of family accommodation in families with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patient. Methods The FAS-SR was translated into Korean under the original author’s supervision. Forty-two patients with OCD and their closest relatives participated. The internal consistency was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha and the split half method. Convergent and divergent validity were identified by measuring with other clinical variables. Test-retest reliability was also calculated. Results The reliability analyses showed that Korean version of the FAS-SR demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.91) and test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient=0.93). It showed good convergent validity when simultaneously assessed OCD symptom severity, global functioning and relative’s psychological distress. Conclusion The findings suggest that Korean version of the FAS-SR is a reliable and valid tool for assessing family accommodation in Korean patients with OCD in both research and clinical settings.     

Validity and reliability of the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey version 2 (SF-12v2) among adults with autism

BackgroundThe purpose of the study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 version 2 (SF-12v2) instrument among adults with autism.MethodsStudy data was collected using a cross-sectional online survey of adults with autism enrolled with the Interactive Autism Network (N = 291). Factorial validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis technique. Item–scale correlations were examined for convergent validity. Known-groups validity was assessed by examining the variation in Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores by autism severity. Cronbach's alpha was determined for internal consistency reliability. Floor and ceiling effects were also assessed.ResultsA two-factor model with correlated error terms was found to have a good fit. The PCS scale strongly correlated with the underlying items representing the scale. The MCS scale had strong to moderate correlation with its underlying items. For known-groups validity, the MCS score varied as expected with lower score observed among adults with high severity as compared to low severity; however, PCS score varied inversely. Internal consistent reliability of the SF-12v2 was good, and there were no floor and ceiling effects.ConclusionsExcept for known-groups validity, all other psychometric indicators performed well for the SF-12v2.     

Chinese version of the Aging Perceptions Questionnaire (C-APQ): assessment of reliability and validity

Objectives: To assess the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Aging Perceptions Questionnaire (C-APQ).

Method:Participants aged 65 years and over were recruited from February 2012 to November 2012. The Aging Perceptions Questionnaire was translated into Chinese version professionally. Content validity was examined by a panel of seven experts; item reliabilities were assessed by test–retest; internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's α coefficient; half of the sample (N = 379) was selected to explore factorial structure of the C-APQ by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and another half of the sample (N = 379) was selected to confirm the findings from the EFA by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Statistical package SPSS version 18.0 and Amos 17.0 were used for the analysis.

Results: The Cronbach's α coefficient of the C-APQ was 0.884. The test–retest reliability was satisfactory, with all intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.4. The overall content validity index was greater than 0.99. Seven factors (timeline acute/chronic, timeline cyclical, emotional representations, control positive, control negative, consequences positive and consequences negative) were identified in EFA and confirmed in CFA.

Conclusion: The C-APQ could be a reliable and a valid measure of the self-perceptions of aging in the elderly in China, which may help to improve the life quality and extend longevity of the elderly.