谈谈胆肠吻合术

胆肠吻合术在我国实施还很普遍。适应证和作法各家意见也很不一致。我个人认为现在行之过多，应当慎重对待。现谈３个问题供讨论：①适应证；②肝内结石或／和狭窄的合理处理；③胆肠吻合术式和方法。１胆肠吻合术的适应证胆肠吻合是一个永久性的内引流术，不同于外引流，...     

胆肠吻合术460例的远期效果分析

探讨胆、胰良性疾病行胆肠吻合术的远期效果，方法行胆肠吻合术４６０例次，术后效果随访３９８例，随访时间为１－２６年，随访率为９０．９７％，结果随访效果属伏、良者占９０．９６％。结果根据病情选择加合理采用胆肠吻合术，可获得满意的远期疗效。     

肝移植胆道重建选择胆肠吻合术的临床分析

目的 探讨肝移植胆道重建时选择胆肠吻合术的手术指征和相关并发症的防治.方法 回顾性分析2004 年10 月至2006 年10 月完成的胆道重建选用胆肠吻合术式的肝移植患者的临床资料,总结肝移植术施行胆道吻合指征和相关并发症防治经验.结果 共有24 例患者胆道重建选择了胆肠吻合术式,占同期施行肝移植总例数的5.72%(24/421).选择指征包括再移植、胆道局部解剖条件及原发疾病限制等多种因素.总的并发症发生率为25%,分别为胆道吻合口狭窄(3例)、胆道逆行感染(2 例)和胆道吻合口狭窄并胆漏(1 例).危险因素分析发现术前肝功能分级为Child原pugh C级患者更容易出现胆道并发症(P<0.05).采用经PTC 的介入治疗和加强抗感染处理,4 例痊愈,1 例出现感染性休克死亡,1 例发生缺血坏死性胆道病变.结论 胆道狭窄和胆道逆行感染仍是主要的胆道并发症,正确把握胆道重建选择胆肠吻合术的适应证,规范手术方式和有选择地放置胆道引流管可以降低此类并发症的发生.     

腹腔镜胆肠吻合术

目的 介绍腹腔镜胆肠吻合术（LCJS）这一新术式。方法 回顾分析国内外相关文献，对LCJS详尽加以综述。结果 LCJS可完全在腹腔镜下完成，亦可在腹腔镜辅助下完成。方式有胆囊空肠吻合、胆总管空肠吻合。结论 LCJS在技术上是可行的，但要注意手术的适应证、禁忌证，并预防术后并发症的发生。     

胆肠吻合术治疗胆石症164例

<正>胆肠吻合术是治疗胆石症的重要的手术方式,从胆总管十二指肠吻合术到以胆总管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术为基础的各种抗反流术式,以及最新的改良胆管空肠襻式吻合术,已经过多次改进。临床实践发现,各种胆肠吻合术的治疗作用并不完全理想,有其各自的优缺点[1]。我院普外科2006年12月—20112年12月在上级江苏省人民医院及南京鼓楼医院指导下共行胆肠吻合手术164例,对胆肠吻合术式的选择、治疗     

胆肠吻合术的变迁及进展

胆肠吻合术(choledochojejunostomy,CJ)是治疗胆道良、恶性梗阻及一些胆道和胰腺疾病的重要手术方式之一。目前的各种胆肠吻合术都有一些缺点和并发症,特别是反流性胆管炎、吻合口狭窄、结石复发等。如何避免可能出现的并发症,成为肝胆外科一直探讨的问题。现对胆肠吻合术的进展进行论述。     

改良胆肠袢式吻合术的疗效分析

目的 探讨改良胆肠袢式吻合术的远期效果.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2006年12月中山大学附属第一医院收治的259例行胆肠吻合术患者的临床资料.其中行改良胆肠袢式吻合术130例(改良组),行Roux-en-Y吻合术129例(对照组).比较两组术后胆管炎发生率、肝功能的变化.采用t检验、χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法对结果进行分析.结果 术后改良组ALT、ALP分别为(63±42)U/L、(147±147)U/L,对照组分别为(84±52)U/L、(256±201)U/L,两组比较差异无统计学意义(t=1.634,1.655,P>0.05);改良组GGT为(116±91)U/L,低于对照组的(169±96)U/L(t=2.461,P<0.05).两组共有12例患者出现不同程度的急性胆管炎,其中改良组有3例(2.3%),对照组有9例(7.0%),改良组少于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).发生急性胆管炎的患者中,改良组有1例需住院治疗,对照组有7例,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 改良胆肠袢式吻合术与Roux-en-Y吻合术后急性胆管炎的发生率比较差异无统计学意义,但其术后急性胆管炎的发作频率更低、症状更轻,且操作简单,可作为常规胆肠吻合的方法.     

426例胆肠吻合术式的选择与临床疗效分析

目的 探讨和分析对梗阻性黄疸患者行胆肠吻合术式的选择与疗效。方法 对１９９３年１月￣１９９８年１月所行胆肠吻合术的４２６例梗阻性黄疸病例进行总结。原发疾病包括：结石并高位胆管狭窄２３６例（５６％）、晚期壶腹周期癌９８例（２３％）、肝门部胆管癌６４例（１５％）和胆总管囊肿２８例（６％）。其治疗目的一类系病变切除后的胆道重建,另一类是晚期肿瘤的姑息性引流。吻合的方式有：１６０例（３７％）行肝外或肝门部     

改良胆肠袢式吻合术的疗效分析

Objective To evaluate the long-term efficacy of modified loop choledochojejunostomy (MLC). Methods The clinical data of 259 patients who had underwent choledochojejunostomy in First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2000 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. Of all the patients, 130 underwent MLC (MLC group) and 129 underwent Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostemy (RYC, RYC group). The changes in incidence of cholangitis and liver function between the 2 groups were compared. All the data were analyzed by t test, chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Results The levels of alaninetransa-minase and alkaline phosphomonoesterase were (63±42) U/L and (147±147) U/L in MLC group, and (84±52)U/L and (256±201)U/L in RYC group, with statistical difference between the 2 groups (t=1.634, 1.655, P>0.05). The level of gamma-glutamyl transferase in MLC group was (116±91)U/L, which was signifieandy lower than (169±96)U/L in RYC group (t=2.461, P<0.05). Three patients (2.3%) in MLC group and 9 (7.0%) in RYC group suffered from acute cholangitis after operation, with no statistical difference in the incidence between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Of the 12 patients with acute cholangids, 1 in MLC group and 7 in RYC group were hospitalized, with statistical difference between the 2 groups (P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of acute cholangitis in patients who underwent MLC is comparable to that of RYC. However, the procedure of MLC is simpler than RYC, and patients have milder symptom and lesser frequency of reflux cholangitis onset after MLC.     

便捷法改良胆肠吻合术76例手术治疗体会

目的探讨胆肠吻合手术的简便操作方法和手术中处置要点。方法回顾分析188例手术病例，其中Roux-en-Y胆肠吻合术112例，便捷法胆肠吻合术76例的手术中操作方法和术后治疗随访资料。结果无死亡病例，无胆漏及复发性胆管炎，发生胰腺炎3例，胆道出血3例，随访效果满意。结论便捷法胆肠吻合术方式与传统胆肠吻合术方式比较，简捷，操作容易，实用可行。     

Novel sutureless cholangiojejunostomy: initial experience with 11 cases

BACKGROUND: It has become increasingly necessary to develop a reliable sutureless technique to replace the conventional hand-sewn one for carrying out bilioenteric anastomosis. METHODS: A new sutureless technique for cholangiojejunostomy is described, and a retrospective review was conducted of a prospectively collected database, which included 11 patients who underwent sutureless cholangiojejunostomy between April 2005 and July 2006. RESULTS: All patients successfully underwent sutureless cholangiojejunostomy, including choledochojejunostomy and hepaticojejunostomy. Median operative time was 13 minutes. There were no mortalities and no postoperative morbidities directly related to cholangiojejunostomy. At a mean follow-up period of 8.2 months, no patients had evidence of anastomotic stricture, except for 1 patient who developed obstructive jaundice because the recurrent tumor was pressing against the hepaticojejunal anastomosis. CONCLUSIONS: Sutureless cholangiojejunostomy is simple, reliable, and feasible. Further larger-series studies, with longer follow-up periods and involving further improvements of the technique, are necessary before this procedure can become routine.     

降落伞式吻合在胆肠吻合术中的应用

目的改进胆肠吻合缝合技术,减少胆漏的发生。方法对124例胆肠吻合手术采用Prolene线进行降落伞式吻合。结果降落伞式胆肠吻合时间平均11min,明显缩短了手术时间,全部病例均未出现胆肠吻合口漏,无手术死亡。结论降落伞式胆肠吻合术具有操作简便、省时、并发症少等特点。     

胆肠Roux-en-Y内引流术后桥袢结石的诊疗体会:附八例报告

目的提高胆肠Roux-en—Y内引流术后桥袢结石诊断水平和手术处理技能。方法回顾性总结2001年5月至2005年11月8例胆肠Roux-en—Y内引流术后桥袢结石病例的临床资料。结果除1例胆肠Roux-en—Y内引流术后桥袢结石手术后并发肝肾功能衰竭死亡，其余7例均无并发症。结论胆肠Roux-en-Y内引流术后桥袢结石临床少见，易于误诊，只掌握其临床特征才能正确诊断和处理。     

A modification of segment III intrahepatic cholangiojejunostomy

Segment III bypass can achieve excellent palliation in jaundiced patients with unresectable malignancy of the hepatic duct confluence. However, the long-term benefits are often offset by early morbidity and mortality associated with surgery. Bile leakage is a common postoperative complication. Several approaches to the segment III duct have been described. The "round ligament approach" identifies the segment III duct by following the round ligament into the recessus of Rex, in the umbilical fissure. It is the approach adopted by most units, including our own. The liver is often split to a depth of 5 to 6 cm to expose the duct. Fashioning an intrahepatic cholangiojejunostomy within the recess of the umbilical fissure can be technically difficult due to lack of space. We describe a modification of the round ligament approach, creating a long and tension-free cholangiojejunostomy, which we believe reduces the incidence of postoperative bile leakage.     

空肠肠袢固定在胆肠吻合术治疗肝胆管结石病中的应用

目的:探讨胆肠吻合术治疗肝胆管结石病同时行空肠肠袢固定的治疗效果及意义。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月—2020年1月治疗的16例肝胆管结石病患者,其中9例为胆肠吻合术后吻合口狭窄合并肝内胆管结石,7例为既往未行胆肠吻合,因合并肝门部胆管狭窄初次行胆肠吻合患者。全部病例均行胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合加空肠肠袢固定,原胆肠吻合口狭窄者行重新吻合。全部经固定肠壁处留置T管。结果:胆肠吻合口狭窄患者中行盲袢固定2例,侧壁固定7例;未行胆肠吻合者行盲袢固定6例,侧壁固定1例。共4例发生术后并发症,其中胆瘘2例,切口感染1例,腹腔出血1例,均经保守治疗后治愈,无围手术期死亡。术后随访1例发生吻合口狭窄伴结石,行局麻下空肠穿刺窦道扩张,胆道镜下扩张取石后治愈。结论:肝胆管结石病行胆肠吻合术应慎重,对于结石复发几率较高的病例,术中应尽量固定并标记空肠肠袢,一旦术后胆肠吻合口狭窄或结石复发,可以穿刺固定肠袢行胆道镜治疗,避免再次开腹手术。     

"尹氏"T管放置法在腹腔镜胆肠吻合术中的临床疗效分析

目的探讨"尹氏"T管放置法与常规T管放置法在腹腔镜胆肠吻合术中的临床疗效及安全性。 方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2017年8月在湖南省人民医院收治的162例行腹腔镜胆肠吻合(手术方法包括腹腔镜胆肠内引流术、胰十二指肠切除术)的患者，采用"尹氏"T管放置法患者122例(观察组)、常规T管放置法患者40例(对照组)，比较两组的术中放置时间、放置过程中出血量、术后胆道出血发生率、胆漏发生率。 结果观察组122例，年龄3～75岁，平均(48.84±16.01)岁；对照组40例，年龄4～74岁，平均(46.03±17.14)岁。与常规T管放置法相比，"尹氏"T管放置法的术中放置时间更短[(5.42±2.12)min vs (14.54±5.41)min，P<0.00]，但两组的放置过程中出血量、胆道出血发生率及术后胆漏发生率比较，无明显差异(P>0.05)。 结论"尹氏"T管放置法在腹腔镜胆肠吻合术中安全、可靠、简便，值得广泛推广。     

胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合术后桥袢结石的临床诊治

目的 总结胆肠Roux-en-Y吻合术后桥袢结石的诊治体会.方法 回顾性分析湖南省人民医院2020年1月至2021年6月4例经腹腔镜再手术治疗桥袢结石患者的临床资料.结果 所有患者均在腹腔镜下完成手术,无中转开腹病例.3例行桥袢切开取石术,1例行胆肠吻合口重建术.手术平均时间为(280.7±15.5)min,术中平均出...     

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目的 总结19例肝泡状球蚴病致梗阻性黄疸，行超高位胆肠吻合术的治疗经验。方法 肝泡状球蚴病根治性切除12例（右半肝6例，左半肝4例，右三叶2例）。空肠与右肝管Roux-Y吻合4例。空肠与左肝管Roux-Y吻合8例，中肝叶姑息性切除7例，行空肠间置胆肠吻合。结果 18例泡型黄疸病人痊愈出院，1例术后发生胆肠瘘，死于肝肾综合征。16例坚持口服吡喹和甲苯咪唑。结论 泡型黄疸经泡肝根治性或姑息性切除，超高位胆肠吻合可改善肝功能，延长病人生存期限。     

Intrahepatic cholangiojejunostomy for unresectable malignant biliary tumors with obstructive jaundice

We reviewed our experience with intrahepatic cholangiojejunostomy as a palliative therapy for patients with unresectable malignant diseases involving the ductal confluence or the common hepatic duct. Fifteen patients with malignant biliary obstruction were treated by cholangiojejunostomy at our hospital. Two patients had intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 7 had gallbladder carcinoma, 5 had bile duct carcionoma, and 1 had pancreatic carcinoma. Segment III cholangiojejunostomies were performed in 14 patients and segment V cholangiojejunostomy in 1. Contraindications for surgical resection were locoregional invasion of tumors involving the proper and/or common hepatic artery and portal vein in 15 patients and the presence of hepatic metastases in 6 patients. Liver metastases were detected in 5 of the 7 patients with gallbladder carcinoma. Postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients (13%), but there was no leakage of the cholangioenteric anastomosis in our series. There was no operative mortality after cholangiojejunostomy. Of the 9 patients who survived for more than 6 months after surgery, 7 showed a significant improvement in performance status (PS) (82 ± 10%) 3 months after the surgery compared with the preoperative PS (70 ± 7%). Four of the 9 patients had recurrent cholangitis as a late complication, but 4 were completely free from jaundice. Median survival after cholangioenteric bypass was 9 months (range, 2–25 months). With respect to tumor location, the median survival time was 4 months (range, 2–25 months) in patients with gallbladder carcinoma and 15.5 months (range, 12–22 months) in those with bile duct carcinoma. While the median survival period after surgery was only 3 months (range, 2 to 8 months) in the 5 patients with hepatic metastases from gallbladder carcinoma, 2 patients without liver metastasis survived for 9 and 25 months after segment III cholangioenteric bypass. In conclusion, cholangiojejunostomy can provide useful palliation for malignant biliary obstruction when combined with careful patient selection. Received: September 5, 2000 / Accepted: November 8, 2000