AdKDR-CDglyTK融合基因系统治疗胰腺癌的实验研究

Objective To investigate the curative effect of the adenovirus-mediated fusion gene system driven by KDR promoter (AdKDR-CDglyTK) on a model of pancreatic cancer. Methods By using transplantation of the cultivated cells, human pancreatic cell line Capan-2 was injected subcutaneously on the back of nude mice to establish the animal model of the pancreatic cancer. Twenty nude mice were divided randomly and equally into four groups. The mice in group Ⅰ were injected with AdKDR-CDglyTK and 5-FC/GCV, those in group Ⅱ were injected with 5-FC/GCV, those in group Ⅲwere injected with AdKDR-CDglyTK and those in group Ⅳ received no any injection. AdKDR-CDglyTK was injected directly into the tumor and 5-FC/GCV was given by intraperitoneal injection. The observing parameters included common status, tumor bulk, tumor weight, inhibition rate of tumor growth, pathology, immunohistochemistry and treatment effect in each group. Electron microscopy was performed to observe the pathological changes of cells. The apoptotic cells in tumor were detected using the TUNEL assay. The expression of CDglyTK in tumors from each group was examined by RT-PCR. Results Tumor growth was dramatically inhibited in group Ⅰ. Tumor growth has no significant difference among groupⅡ , group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ. The apoptotic rate (34.20±4.60)% was significantly increased in group Ⅰ (F= 243. 22, P= 0. 00) and it had no significant difference among groupⅡ , group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ (P＞0.05). Conclusion AdKDR-CDglyTK with 5-FC/GCV can obviously inhibit the growth of human KDR-expressing pancreatic cell line Capan-2 and induce the cell apoptosis in vivo. The probable molecular mechanism lies in the facts that the system can cause a decline in the level of Bcl-2.     

AdKDR-CDglyTK融合基因系统治疗胰腺癌的实验研究

Objective To investigate the curative effect of the adenovirus-mediated fusion gene system driven by KDR promoter (AdKDR-CDglyTK) on a model of pancreatic cancer. Methods By using transplantation of the cultivated cells, human pancreatic cell line Capan-2 was injected subcutaneously on the back of nude mice to establish the animal model of the pancreatic cancer. Twenty nude mice were divided randomly and equally into four groups. The mice in group Ⅰ were injected with AdKDR-CDglyTK and 5-FC/GCV, those in group Ⅱ were injected with 5-FC/GCV, those in group Ⅲwere injected with AdKDR-CDglyTK and those in group Ⅳ received no any injection. AdKDR-CDglyTK was injected directly into the tumor and 5-FC/GCV was given by intraperitoneal injection. The observing parameters included common status, tumor bulk, tumor weight, inhibition rate of tumor growth, pathology, immunohistochemistry and treatment effect in each group. Electron microscopy was performed to observe the pathological changes of cells. The apoptotic cells in tumor were detected using the TUNEL assay. The expression of CDglyTK in tumors from each group was examined by RT-PCR. Results Tumor growth was dramatically inhibited in group Ⅰ. Tumor growth has no significant difference among groupⅡ , group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ. The apoptotic rate (34.20±4.60)% was significantly increased in group Ⅰ (F= 243. 22, P= 0. 00) and it had no significant difference among groupⅡ , group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ (P＞0.05). Conclusion AdKDR-CDglyTK with 5-FC/GCV can obviously inhibit the growth of human KDR-expressing pancreatic cell line Capan-2 and induce the cell apoptosis in vivo. The probable molecular mechanism lies in the facts that the system can cause a decline in the level of Bcl-2.     

雷公藤甲素预处理诱导Tregs细胞减轻小鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的实验研究

Objective To investigate the effect and related mechanism of triptolide pretreatment to prevent from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice liver. Methods Sixty male C57BL/6 mouse were randomized into four groups (15/group): A:sham group with saline , B: sham group with triptolide, C: saline I/R group, D: triptolide I/R group. The mice were pretreated with either saline or triptolide (0. 1 mg/kg/d) through intraperitoneal (ip) injection for one week. The mouse partial liver model of I/R injury was established, and samples were collected at 24 h after the I/R injury. Results Serum ALT and AST levels were significantly decreased and histological damage was significantly alleviated in the triptolide I/R group as compared with the saline I/R group (P＜0.05), the concentration of MDA in the triptolide groups was significantly decreased, while SOD activity was significantly increased compared with that of the saline I/R group (P＜0.05). The percentages of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) cells among CD4+ T cells in groups A, B, C, and D were(7. 55 ± 1.87)%, (12. 59±3. 87)%,(7. 85±1.07)%, and(12. 02±3. 16)% in liver tissue, respectively. The expression levels of Foxp3 mRNA were significantly higher in the triptolide I/R group than those of saline I/R group (P＜0. 05). ELISA showed that triptolide could significantly inhibit the levels of IL-6, IL-Iβ and TNF-αand promoted the level of IL-10 in the serum (P＜0.05). Conclusion Pretreatment with triptolide could effectively prevent from liver I/R injury, which may be related to the induction of Treg cells by triptolide, the increase in the level of IL-10 in serum, and the inhibition of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α production in serum.     

骨髓间充质干细胞干预对缺血再灌注致小鼠肾小管上皮细胞损伤的保护作用

目的 观察骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)干预对缺血再灌注(I/R)诱导的急性肾损伤小鼠肾小管上皮细胞(RTECs)自身修复的影响.方法 Percoll密度梯度离心结合贴壁培养法分离纯化出C57BL/6小鼠的骨髓间充质干细胞(mMSCs),5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(BrdU)标记.雄性C57BL/6小鼠45只,分为正常对照组(15只)、I/R组(15只、夹闭双侧肾蒂30 min开放)、I/R+Brdu-mMSCs组(15只、夹闭双侧肾蒂30 min开放的同时尾静脉注射BrdU标记的mMSCs).留取动脉血及肾组织,检测血尿素氮(BUN)及肌酐(Scr)水平,制作肾组织切片行苏木素-伊红(HE)染色,荧光组织化学观察mMSCs在受体小鼠肾组织的分布,免疫组织化学观察RTECs增强细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达,TUNEL法检测RTECs凋亡,Western blot检测建模后第2天肾小管组织中Caspase-3、bcl-2蛋白的表达.结果 BrdU标记mMSCs的阳性率可达(98.71±0.32)%.I/R+BrdU-mMSCs组小鼠的BUN及Scr水平较I/R组为低,肾小管损伤病理明显减轻,且小鼠的肾脏中可检测到BrdU+细胞的分布.mMSCs干预后,RTECs细胞核PCNA阳性表达明显增多(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而细胞凋亡的水平却较I/R组明显减少(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).Western blot进一步显示:I/R+BrdU-mMSCs组小鼠的肾组织中Caspase-3蛋白水平明显下降[(1.16±0.33)比(1.64±0.27),P＜0.01],而bcl-2水平却明显增高[(0.94±0.27)比(0.68 ±0.15),P＜0.01].结论 小鼠发生I/R诱导的急性肾损伤后可诱导移植的MSCs向损伤肾组织归巢,锚定在肾脏的MSCs可促进损伤RTECs的再生,抑制其凋亡,从而有助于RTECs的自身修复,延缓肾损害进展.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on self-repair of renal tubular epithelial cells ( RTECs) in mice under ischemia/reperfusion ( IR). Methods MSCs in C57BL/6 mice were successfully isolated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and adherence cultivation, then marked with BrdU. Forty-five healthy male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to control group (n =15 ) , I/R group (n = 15 , clamping bilateral renal pedicles and then reopening after 30 min) , I/R + BrdU-MSCs group (n = 15 , clamping bilateral renal pedicles and then reopening after 30 min, meanwhile, BrdU-marked MSCs were injected through caudal vein into the body of model mice). One, 2,3,7 and 14 days later, the mice were killed (n = 3/each group) , and blood and kidneys were obtained. Serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined, and mice kidneys were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin ( HE) to observe their pathological changes. The distribution of MSCs in mice was observed by using fluorescence histochemistry. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA) in RTECs was assessed by using immunohistological staining. The apoptosis of RTECs was detected by using TUNEL. The protein levels of Caspase-3 and bcl-2 in renal tubules on the day 2 after establishing the model were detected by using Western blotting. Results The positive BrdU marking ratio was (98. 71 ±0. 32) % in MSCs.As compared with I/R group, the levels of BUN and Scr in I/R + BrdU-MSCs group were significantly reduced, and pathological changes in renal tubules were alleviated significantly. BrdU-marked MSCs desposited in the kidneys of I/R + BrdU-MSCs group. The positive PCNA expression of RTECs was increased significantly after intervention of BrdU-MSCs (P ＜0. 05 or P ＜0. 01) , while the apoptosis relieved significantly. Western blotting analysis revealed: as compared with I/R group, the level of Caspase-3 in I/R + BrdU-MSCs group was decreased notably [(1.16±0.33) vs (1.64±0.27), P＜0.01], while the level of bcl-2 increased significantly [(0.94±0.27) vs (0.68±0.15), P＜0.01). Conclusion Acute renal injury by I/R can induce MSCs homing to injured kidney and anchoring here. The anchored MSCs can contribute to RTECs' self-repair of mice under ischemia/reperfusion, inhibit their apoptosis, which is helpful to the RTECs' self-repair and can delay the progression of renal injury.     

肾移植术后血清抗MICA抗体与慢性排斥反应的相关性

Objective To explore the relationship of serum anti-MICA antibody and development of chronic rejection (CR) after renal transplantation. Methods The enrolled 105 patients included 43 cases of CR, and 62 cases of functioning renal allograft as controls. Data including PRA level before transplantation, HLA mismatch, cold ischemic time, SCr at discharge, immunosuppressive regimen,and months after transplantation were analyzed. Blood samples were collected immediately after grouping for anti-MICA antibodies, SCr determination. Acute rejection episodes and renal allograft function which was evaluated by △SCr/M [(SCr at present - SCr at discharge) /months after transplantation) were compared between anti-MICA-antibody positive patients and anti-MICA-antibody negative patients. Results There was no significant difference in gender, age, HLA mismatch, cold ischemic time, immunosuppressive regimen, SCr at discharge, months after transplantation between CR and control groups (P＞0.05). Serum creatinine level and number of antiMICA-antibody positive patients in CR group were significantly increased as compared with those in control group (P＜0.01 ). Acute rejection episodes during the first 3 months after transplantation in anti-MICA-antibody positive patients were significantly more than those in anti-MICA-antibody negative patients (P＜0.05),and the △SCr/M in the former was higher than that in the latter (8.3 +3.6 vs 2.4 ± 2.6, P＜0.05). Conclusion Humoral immunoreaction mediated by MICA partly participates the development of CR after renal transplantation. MICA antibody is a risk factor affecting long-term allograft function.     

肾移植术后血清抗MICA抗体与慢性排斥反应的相关性

Objective To explore the relationship of serum anti-MICA antibody and development of chronic rejection (CR) after renal transplantation. Methods The enrolled 105 patients included 43 cases of CR, and 62 cases of functioning renal allograft as controls. Data including PRA level before transplantation, HLA mismatch, cold ischemic time, SCr at discharge, immunosuppressive regimen,and months after transplantation were analyzed. Blood samples were collected immediately after grouping for anti-MICA antibodies, SCr determination. Acute rejection episodes and renal allograft function which was evaluated by △SCr/M [(SCr at present - SCr at discharge) /months after transplantation) were compared between anti-MICA-antibody positive patients and anti-MICA-antibody negative patients. Results There was no significant difference in gender, age, HLA mismatch, cold ischemic time, immunosuppressive regimen, SCr at discharge, months after transplantation between CR and control groups (P＞0.05). Serum creatinine level and number of antiMICA-antibody positive patients in CR group were significantly increased as compared with those in control group (P＜0.01 ). Acute rejection episodes during the first 3 months after transplantation in anti-MICA-antibody positive patients were significantly more than those in anti-MICA-antibody negative patients (P＜0.05),and the △SCr/M in the former was higher than that in the latter (8.3 +3.6 vs 2.4 ± 2.6, P＜0.05). Conclusion Humoral immunoreaction mediated by MICA partly participates the development of CR after renal transplantation. MICA antibody is a risk factor affecting long-term allograft function.     

维库溴铵预注复合麻黄素预处理对麻醉诱导时维库溴铵的起效时间的影响

Objective To evaluate the effect of vecuronium priming, ephedrine pretreatment, and vecuronium priming combined with ephedrine pretreatment on the onset time of neuromuscular blockade of vecuronium, intubation conditions and their hemodynamic effects during induction period. Methods Forty-eight adult patients with ASA grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ , scheduled for elective surgery were randomly allocated to four groups with 12 cases in each. Just 3 min before induction, the patients were injected with ephedrine 70 μg/kg and vecuronium priming 0.01 mg/kg in group Ⅰ , vecuronium 0.01 mg/kg in group Ⅱ , ephedrine 70 μg/kg in groupⅢ, and normal saline 0.5 ml in group Ⅳ. Followed by a four min priming or/and pretreatment interval, the intubation dose of vecuronium was injected (vecuronium 0.09 mg/kg in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ , vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ ). The neuromuscular block was monitor by acceleromyography (TOF Watch SX, Organon) using train of four stimulation (TOF) every 15 s.Endotracheal intubation was performed by a blinded investigator in 2 min. Time to maximal twitch depression was recorded, Intubation conditions were assessed, heart rate and mean blood pressure were observed and recorded as well right before the induction, 1 min after the induction and every minute after endotracheal intubation for 5 min. Results The onset times in group Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳwere (99±13), (131±24), (143±20) and (185±26) s, respectively. The onset time of vecuronium in group Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly shorter than that in group Ⅳ (P＜0.001). The onset time of vecuronium in group Ⅰ was faster than that in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P＜0.005). The intubation conditions were better in group Ⅰ , Ⅱ and Ⅲ than those in groupⅣ.There were no significant change in mean blood pressure during the induction in all patients, but heart rates in group Ⅰ , Ⅲ (both with ephedrine pretreatment) were much higher( P＜0.05 ). Conclusion Either vecuronium priming or ephedrine pretreatment can shorten the onset time of vecuronium. The combination of vecuronium priming with ephedrine pretreatment accelerates the onset of vecuronium; In combination with ephedrine, it has no effect on hypotension induced by propofol injection.     

曲尼司特对环孢素A诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞向间充质转变的抑制作用

Objective To study the effect of tranilast on cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human renal tubular epithelial cells, and investigate the mechanism of its antifibrotic effect. Methods Cultured HK-2 cells were divided into four groups: (1)In the control group, cells were treated without any medicine; (2) The cell were treated with CsA (4. 2μmol/L) for 72 h; (3) The cells were treated with a combination of CsA (4. 2 μmol/L) and tranilast (100μmol/L); (4) The cells were treated with tranilast (100 μmol/L) alone for 72 h.Morphological changes of the cells were assessed by phase-contrast microscopy. The immunofluorescence and Western blotting were adopted to detect the expression of E-cadherin, α-SMA and OPN mRNA and proteins respectively. Results Tranilast could markedly ameliorate the morphological changes of HK-2 cells stimulated by CsA. The irmmunofluorescence staining revealed the expression of E-cadherin was markedly decreased in HK-2 cells stimulated with CsA for 72 as compared with the control group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN was significantly higher in CsA group than the control group. The expression of E-cadherin in the CsA + Tranilast group was higher than the CsA group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN in the CsA + Tranilast group was lower than the CsA group. Western blotting showed that protein expression level of E-cadherin in CsA group was dramatically lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 05), while that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA group was significantly higher than in the control group (P＜0.05). The protein expression level of E-cadherin in HK-2 cells in the CsA + Tranilast group was markedly higher than in the CsA group (P＜0.05), and that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA + Tranilast group was significantly lower than in the CsA group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Tranilast can block the CsA-induced epithelialto-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells probably by suppressing the expression of OPN.     

曲尼司特对环孢素A诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞向间充质转变的抑制作用

Objective To study the effect of tranilast on cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human renal tubular epithelial cells, and investigate the mechanism of its antifibrotic effect. Methods Cultured HK-2 cells were divided into four groups: (1)In the control group, cells were treated without any medicine; (2) The cell were treated with CsA (4. 2μmol/L) for 72 h; (3) The cells were treated with a combination of CsA (4. 2 μmol/L) and tranilast (100μmol/L); (4) The cells were treated with tranilast (100 μmol/L) alone for 72 h.Morphological changes of the cells were assessed by phase-contrast microscopy. The immunofluorescence and Western blotting were adopted to detect the expression of E-cadherin, α-SMA and OPN mRNA and proteins respectively. Results Tranilast could markedly ameliorate the morphological changes of HK-2 cells stimulated by CsA. The irmmunofluorescence staining revealed the expression of E-cadherin was markedly decreased in HK-2 cells stimulated with CsA for 72 as compared with the control group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN was significantly higher in CsA group than the control group. The expression of E-cadherin in the CsA + Tranilast group was higher than the CsA group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN in the CsA + Tranilast group was lower than the CsA group. Western blotting showed that protein expression level of E-cadherin in CsA group was dramatically lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 05), while that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA group was significantly higher than in the control group (P＜0.05). The protein expression level of E-cadherin in HK-2 cells in the CsA + Tranilast group was markedly higher than in the CsA group (P＜0.05), and that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA + Tranilast group was significantly lower than in the CsA group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Tranilast can block the CsA-induced epithelialto-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells probably by suppressing the expression of OPN.     

肾移植术后随访中检测受者血清胱抑素C的临床价值

目的 探讨血清胱抑素C(SCys C)浓度检测能否作为肾移植受者随访中移植肾功能测定的理想指标.方法 选择肾移植术后接受长期随访的受者70例,于随访当日检测受者SCys C和血清肌酐(SCr)水平,同时用99mTc-DTPA肾动态显像测定肾小球滤过率(GFR),比较SCys C和SCr与GFR的相关性,并应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评价两者在诊断移植肾功能轻度损伤(GFR＜1 ml/s)中的效果.结果 随访的肾移植受者中,SCys C和SCr与GFR均呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.82和-0.66(P＜0.01).SCys C用于诊断移植肾功能轻度损伤的敏感度、特异度和阳性预测值(PPV)均高于SCr.SCys C的ROC曲线下面积高于SCr(分别为0.935和0.877),但两者比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 在肾移植术后的随访中,受者SCys C与GFR的相关性比SCr更高,可作为评估移植肾功能的较理想指标.     

新型铁螯合剂CHGN2957对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 观察新型铁螯合剂CHGN2957对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤(I/R)急性期的保护作用.方法 选用雄性SD大鼠90只,随机分成5组(n=18):假手术组、CHGN2957高剂量组、低剂量组、溶剂组和阳性对照组.建成大鼠急性肾I/R模型.药物干预均从手术前2 d开始,直至术后12 d结束.观察大鼠死亡率、体质量变化,测定肾功能和肾组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、谷胱甘肽(GSH)还原酶活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量并进行肾组织病理切片观察.结果 术后第3天CHGN2957溶剂组的体质量(242.1±16.2)g、SOD活力(1.23±0.13)U/mg、GSH还原酶活力(336±15)U/L明显低于其他各组(P＜0.05),而血清尿素氮(62.3±3.1)mmol/L、血清肌酐(310.00±21.02)μmol/L、MDA含量(186.5±16.7)nmol/mg明显高于其他各组(P＜0.05).肾组织病理评分显示CHGN2957溶剂组的肾小管损伤明显重于其他各组(P＜0.05).结论 CHGN2957作为一种新型铁螯合剂,在大鼠急性肾I/R过程中能有效减轻大鼠肾I/R,并对肾起保护作用.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the protecgive effects of CHGN2957 on acute renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) model in rats. Methods Ninety Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into five groups ( n = 18 each): sham-operative group, high-dose CHGN2957 group, low-dose CHGN2957 group, CHGN2957 vehicle group and positive group. The administration lasted from two days before operation to twelve days after operation. After seccessful establishment of the model, mortality,weight changes, the renal function, superoxide dismutase ( SOD ) activity, glutathione ( GSH ) reductases activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in renal tissue were recorded, and the pathological changes were observed. Results Weight (242. 1 ± 16. 2) g, SOD activity (1. 23 ±0. 13) U/mg and GSH reductases activity (336 ± 15 U/L) in CHGN2957 vehicle group were reduced significantly as compared with other groups three days after I/R (P ＜0. 05), but SUN (62. 3 ± 3. 1) mmol/L, SCr (310. 00 ± 21. 02)μmol/L, MDA content ( 186. 5 ± 16. 7 ) nmol/mg were higher than others obviously ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Pathological observation showed renal tubular injury was more serious in CHGN2957 vehicle group (P＜0.05).Conclusion CHGN2957 as a new iron chelator was effective to ameliorate renal I/R in rats.     

AMPK attenuates inflammation to reduce fibrosis induced by acute ischemia reperfusion injury in mice

Objective To observe the effect of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) on attenuating inflammation in fibrosis induced by acute ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in mice. Methods Forty eight male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group (sham group), IRI group, AMPK inhibitor+IRI group (AMPK/IRI group) and normal saline+IRI group (NS/IRI group), 12 mice each group. The mice with renal IRI were occluded for 30 min through clipping bilateral renal pedicle, then released renal perfusion. Mice in sham group were performed the separation of renal pedicle without clipping. Mice in AMPK/IRI group and NS/IRI group were respectively intraperitoneal injected AMPK inhibitor and normal saline before IRI. At the 2 d after operation, 6 randomly-selected mice from each group were blooded by extraction eyeball to detect BUN and Scr. The renal histopathological changes were observed through HE staining. The mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α was detected by real time PCR, and the level of AMPK phosphorylation was detected by Western blotting. At the 14 d after operation, Collagen 1 (COL1), α-SMA and fibronectin (FN) were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blotting in 6 remained mice from each group. The degree of kidney fibrosis was observed through sirus red staining. Results Compared with those in sham group, tubular interstitial damage was aggravated (P＜0.05), BUN and Scr were increased (P＜0.05), the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α was increased at the 2 d after operation (all P＜0.05), and the level of AMPK phosphorylation was activated in IRI group and NS/IRI group (all P＜0.05); the degree of kidney fibrosis and the expression of COL1, α-SMA and FN were increased obviously at the 14 d (all P＜0.05). Compared with those in IRI group, in AMPK/IRI group tubular interstitial damage was aggravated (P＜0.05), BUN and Scr were increased (all P＜0.05), the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α was increased at the 2 d (all P＜0.05), and the level of AMPK phosphorylation was decreased (P＜0.05). Moreover, the degree of kidney fibrosis and the expression of COL1, α-SMA and FN were increased obviously at the 14 d in AMPK/IRI group (all P＜0.05). Conclusions AMPK can ameliorate the acute renal ischemia reperfusion injury induce fibrosis in mice, and the mechanism may be related to the decrease of inflammatory reaction.     

一氧化氮与大鼠缺血性急性肾衰竭关系的实验研究

目的 研究一氧化氮（ＮＯ）在缺血性急性肾衰竭病理过程中的作用。方法 通过夹闭大鼠双侧肾蒂４５分钟后再松夹复制出急性肾衰（ＡＲＦ）模型,各组在松夹后分别静滴生理盐水,Ｌ－精氨酸,Ｄ－精氨酸,Ｎ－硝基－Ｌ－精氨酸（ＮＬＡ）。结果 与盐水对照组相比,Ｌ－精氨酸组菊糖清除率和再灌注早期的尿流率增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）,尿钠排泄分数下降（Ｐ〈０．０５）,肾病理损害也较轻（Ｐ〈０．０５）,ＮＬＡ虽升高血压（Ｐ〈０     

多聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶抑制剂对大鼠缺血再灌注肾脏损伤的保护作用

目的探讨多聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶（PARP）抑制剂3-氨基苯甲酰胺（3-AB）在大鼠-肾脏缺血再灌注损伤中的保护作用及对肾组织血管内皮生长因子A（VEGF-A）和中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（NGAL）mRNA表达的影响。方法将54只大鼠随机分为假手术组（S组）、再灌注后模型组（M组）和PARP抑制剂组（P组）,每组8只。比较各组大鼠右侧肾动脉缺血再灌注后2、6、12h后的血肌酐和尿素氮水平、肾脏组织病理学变化、肾组织PARP蛋白表达及肾组织VEGF-A和NGAI．mRNA表达。结果（1）M组各时间点的血肌酐、尿素氮水平均高于S组,P组各时间点血肌酐、尿素氮明显低于M组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;（2）P组肾组织病理学表现较M组改善;（3）P组各时间点肾组织PARP表达明显低于M组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;（4）与M组相比,P组肾组织的VEGF-AmRNA的表达升高,NGALmRNA表达降低,有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论PARP抑制剂3AB对大鼠肾脏缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用,可下调NGAL及上调VEGF-AmRNA表达。     

青藤碱抑制人外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞内NF-AT和IFN-γ表达的体外研究

目的 通过研究青藤碱(SIN)对人外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞内核因子-AT(NF-AT)和γ干扰素(IFN-γ)表达的影响来探讨其免疫作用机制.方法 免疫磁珠法分选人外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞,并分为5组进行培养.(1)阴性对照组:细胞培养液中不加入任何药物;(2)阳性对照组:细胞培养液中加入终浓度为50ng/ml的环孢素A(CsA)溶液;(3)低浓度青藤碱(L-SIN)组:细胞培养液中加入终浓度为10μmol/L的青藤碱溶液;(4)中浓度SIN(M-SIN)组:细胞培养液中加入终浓度为200 μmol/L的青藤碱溶液;(5)高浓度SIN(H-SIN)组:细胞培养液中加入终浓度为1000 μmol/L的青藤碱溶液.观察各组CD4+T淋巴细胞的增殖情况,蛋白印迹法检测各组细胞内NF-AT的蛋白表达,流式细胞术检测各组细胞内IFN-γ的表达水平.结果 与阴性对照组比较,M-SIN和H-SIN组明显抑制了CD4+T淋巴细胞的增殖(P＜0.01).青藤碱呈浓度依赖性抑制CD4+T细胞内NF-AT和IFN-γ的表达(P＜0.01),而加入CsA培养的阳性对照组NF-AT和IFN-γ表达最低.CD4+T淋巴细胞内NF-AT的表达与细胞增殖抑制率之间存在负相关关系(rs=-0.969,P=0.000).结论 青藤碱抑制人外周血CD4+T淋巴细胞内NF-AT和IFN-γ表达;其免疫作用机制可能是通过降低NF-AT的表达以抑制T淋巴细胞的活化和增殖.     

受体诱导一氧化碳经PI3 K/Akt信号途径抑制冷缺血再灌注诱导的移植心细胞凋亡

目的 观察受体诱导一氧化碳(CO)对移植心冷缺血再灌注(I/R)损伤中细胞凋亡的影响,并探讨其机制.方法 以BALB/C小鼠建立同系移植心冷I/R损伤模型.受体麻醉前3 h以二氯甲烷(MC)500 mg/kg灌胃诱导CO(MC组,n=12),或橄榄油灌胃(IR组,n=12);在MC组的基础上受体在移植心恢复血供前1 h腹腔注射PI3K抑制剂LY294002(40 mg/kg,LY组,n=10)或二甲亚砜(DMSO组,n=10);检测移植后3、24 h移植心细胞凋亡指数(AI)、磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)蛋白、bcl-2与bax蛋白表达比值;设正常对照组(N组,n=5).结果 受体以MC灌胃后血液中碳氧血红蛋白(COHb)浓度与心肌组织CO含量均在3 h达到峰值,分别为(9.82±0.84)%和(2.25±0.08)pmol/mg;与IR组比较,MC组明显降低移植心AI[3 h:(8.65±2.01)%比(19.28±4.94)%,P＜0.01;24 h:(5.82±2.36)%比(10.54±3.66)%,P＜0.05]、激活Akt蛋白(3 h:P＜0.01;24 h:P＜0.05)、上调bcl-2/bax比值(3 h:1.97±0.16比0.46±0.07,P＜0.01;24 h:1.89±0.10比0.51±0.04,P＜0.01);与MC组比较,LY组明显增加AI[3 h:(17.95±4.92)%,P＜0.01;24 h:(9.75±3.14)%;P＜0.01]、抑制Akt蛋白激活(P＜0.01)、下调bcl-2/bax比值(3 h:0.47±0.06,P＜0.01;24 h:0.52±0.03,P＜0.01);DMSO组与MC组的各个指标差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 受体诱导C0能明显抑制冷I/R诱导的移植心细胞凋亡,其机制可能与通过PI3K/Akt信号途径上调bcl-2/bax比值有关.     

雷公藤内酯醇对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤时Toll样受体4表达的影响

目的 观察雷公藤内酯醇(TRI)对大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤时肾组织中Toll样受体4(TLR4)表达的影响.方法 随机将51只Wistar大鼠分为3组.(1)阴性对照组(n=15):游离双侧肾脏,切除右肾,缝合腹壁.(2)缺血再灌注组(n=18):实验过程与阴性对照组相同,但在切除右肾和游离左肾之后,将左肾动、静脉夹闭45 min,然后开通.(3)TRI处理组(n=18):肾缺血再灌注前3 d经大鼠腹腔注射TRI 0.4 mg/kg,每天1次,连续3 d,其他实验过程与缺血再灌注组相同.肾缺血再灌注1、3、5 d后,分别采用全自动生化分析仪检测血清尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(Cr)的含量;逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测肾组织中TLR4 mRNA的表达水平;免疫印记法(Western blot)检测肾组织中TLR4表达水平.结果 肾缺血再灌注1、3、5 d后,缺血再灌注组和TRI处理组血清BUN及Cr均明显高于阴性对照组(P＜0.01),肾组织中TLR4 mRNA和TLR4的表达也明显高于阴性对照组(P＜0.05);但与缺血再灌注组比较,TRI处理组血清BUN和Cr明显降低(P＜0.01),肾组织中TLR4 mRNA和TLR4的表达也显著降低(P＜0.05).结论 雷公藤内酯醇可以减轻肾缺血再灌注损伤,其机制可能是通过抑制TLR4的表达而发挥作用的.