第三方骨髓间充质干细胞诱导同种异体移植受体免疫耐受机制的研究

目的 初步研究第三方骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)诱导同种异体移植受体免疫耐受的作用机制.方法 40只雌性C57BL/6小鼠作为供体,40只雄性BALB/C小鼠作为受体,建立稳定的同种异体皮肤移植模型,BMSCs取自SD大鼠骨髓.将40只BALB/C小鼠随机分为4组,每组10只.①空白对照组:只进行皮肤移植,未给予其他治疗;②环磷酰胺组(CP组):大剂量环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CP)腹腔注射,200 mg/kg,连用2 d(q.d.);③单纯给予SD-BMSCs移植组(SD-BMSCs组):移植当天自受体小鼠尾静脉输注2×106个SD-BMSCs;④细胞药物联合应用组(CP+SD-BMSCs组):大剂量CP腹腔注射,200 mg/kg,连用2 d(q.d.),并于移植当天自受体小鼠尾静脉输注2×106个SD-BMSCs.检测指标包括:移植皮片存活情况;SD大鼠BMSCs表面抗原CD29、CD34、CD45和CD90鉴定;流式细胞仪检测受体脾脏调节性T细胞(CD4+、CD25+、Foxp3+、Treg细胞)的比例;ELISA检测受体外周血TGF-β、IL-10、IFN-γ的含量;异基因T淋巴细胞与经60Co照射的不同来源BMSCs共培养后,MTT法测定异基因T淋巴细胞增殖的情况.结果 CP+SD-BMSCs组皮肤移植物存活时间为(15.7 ±1.4)d,空白对照组为(6.1±1.1)d,CP组为(12.3±1.5)d,SD-BMSCs组为(12.6±1.8)d,CP+SD-BMSCs组皮肤移植物存活时间明显比后3组延长(P＜0.05).全骨髓贴壁培养的BMSCs表面抗原鉴定:CD29+、CD44+分别为99.7%和96.7%,CD34-、CD45-分别为1.6%和1.3%.流式细胞仪检测Treg含量SD-BMSCs组和CP+SD-BMSCs组明显高于空白对照组和CP组(P＜0.05);ELISA检测受体外局血SD-BMSCs组和CP组TGF-β和IL-10明显高于空白对照组,SD-BMSCs和CP组IFN-γ则明显低于空白对照组(P＜0.05);共培养结果显示:来源于C57小鼠和SD大鼠的BMSCs可以明显抑制T淋巴细胞的增殖反应(P＜0.05),而上述两组组间比较差异则无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 第三方BMSCs诱导同种异体移植免疫耐受作用可能与诱导受体Treg细胞增殖和促进免疫耐受因子的表达,抑制免疫排斥因子的表达有关.

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Objective To study the immuno-tolerance mechanism of the third-party bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cells ( BMSCs) in the allogeneic transplantation. Methods Forty female C57BL/ 6 mice and forty male BALB/C mice were respectively used as donors and recipients in skin allogenic graft model. Forty male BALB/C mice were divided randomly into 4 groups: blank control group, CP group, BMSCs group , CP + BMSCs group , with 10 mice in each group. Before skin graft, high-dose abdominal injection of cyclophosphamide ( 200 mg/kg,2 d,q. d. ) was performed in recipient mice in CP and CP + BMSCs groups. On the transplantation day, a bonus of 2 x 106 BMSCs from the SD rat (SD-BMSCs) were injected through the tail vein in the BMSCs and CP + BMSCs groups. The observation and HE staining of skin grafts were used. The expressions of CD29, CD34, CD45 and CD90 of cells were analyzed by using flow cytometry in order to identify BMSCs. The CD4+ , CD25+ , Foxp3+ and Treg cells of spleen were detected by flow cytometry. Cytokine in peripheral blood of recipient mice were measured by ELISA,including TGF-β, IL-10 and IFN-γ. T cells were co-cultured with 60 Co-irradiated bone marrow MSCs from different individuals. The proliferative activity of T cells were evaluated with MTT assay. Results The skin graft survival time was significantly prolonged in the CP + BMSCs group, as compared with that in the blank control group, the CP group, the BMSCs group, respectively. Cells cultured by whole bone marrow adherent cultivation showed CD29+ (99.7% ) ,CD44+ (96.7% ) ,CD34 (1.6% ) ,CD45( 1. 3% ). Compared with the control group and CP group, the ratio of the CD4+ ,CD25+ ,Foxp3+ and Treg cells significantly increased in the SD-BMSCs group and CP + BMSCs group (P ＜ 0. 05). Analysis of peripheral blood by ELISA showed significant high level of TGF-β, IL-10 and low level of IFN-γ in BMSCs group and CP group, compared with that in control group. When co-cultured with BMSCs from different individuals, T- lymphocytes proliferation decreased apparently in SD-BMSCs group and C57-BMSCs group (P ＜ 0. 05) , but there was no significant difference between SD-BMSCs group and C57-BMSCs group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions The immunotolerance mechanism of the third-party bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the allogeneic transplantation might be associated with its effect on the proliferation of Treg cells and increasing expression of TGF-β and IL-10, decreasing expression of IFN-γ.     

CD4+CD25+T细胞对同种异体小鼠心脏移植的免疫调节作用

目的 观察CD4+CD25+T细胞(Treg)对小鼠同种异体心脏移植的免疫调节作用.方法 流式细胞仪检测正常小鼠和胸腺切除+PC61小鼠淋巴结、脾脏和外周血的Treg的比例.将供体鼠BALB/C心脏移植到受体鼠B6腹腔内,观察对照组(n=6)、胸腺切除组(THY,n=8)、hCTLA4Ig组(n=8)、DST+hCTLA4Ig组(n=8)和THY+PC61+DST+hCTLA4Ig组(n=6)小鼠心脏移植后生存时间和移植心脏病理学检查.结果 正常B6小鼠淋巴结、脾脏和外周血的Treg的比例分别为5.1%、4.5%和1. 7%,明显高于胸腺切除+PC61处理组(1. 8%、1.7%、0.7%).移植心脏平均存活时间在对照组和胸腺切除组分别为(8.2±2.9)d和(7.6±3.0)d,两组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);而在hCTLA4Ig组和DST+hCTLA4Ig组分别为(43.0±11.8)d和(135.0±29.7)d,均较对照组或胸腺切除组明显延长(P＜0.01);THY+PC61+DST+hCTLA4Ig组移植心脏平均存活时间(25.8±8.9)d,也明显较对照组明显延长,但短于hCTLA4Ig组和DST+hCTLA4Ig组(P＜0.01).DST+hCTLA4Ig组移植的心脏存活时间(135.0±29.7)d明显高于其他各组(P＜0.01),其病理组织学表现为间质内有较多的淋巴细胞浸润,伴毛细血管增生,管壁增厚,间质纤维化.结论 CD4+CD25+T细胞水平对同种异体心脏移植的免疫耐受具有免疫调节作用.

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Objective To investigate the immunoregulation effects of CD4 + CD25 + T cells in mice heart allograft transplantation. Methods Flow cytometry was used to analyze the contents of CD4 + CD25 +T regulatory cells (Tregs) of the lymph nodes, spleen and blood in the normal mice group and the thymusectomy (THY) + PC61 group. BALB/C mice served as the donors and C57BL/6 (B6) mice as the recipients. Five groups were established, including control group ( n = 6 ), THY group ( n = 8 ), hCTLA4Ig group ( n = 8 ), DST ( donor-specific T-depleted spleen cells) + hCTLA4Ig group ( n = 8) and THY + PC61+ DST + hCTLA4Ig group (n = 6). The survival time after heart allograft transplantation was observed and pathological examination was done in different groups. Results In control group, the rate of Tregs in lymph nodes, spleen and blood was 5. 1%, 4. 5% and 1.7% respectively, which was significantly higher than in THY + PC61 group ( 1. 8% , 1. 7% and 0. 7% respectively). The average survival time of control and THY groups was 8. 2 ± 2.9 and 7.6 ± 3. 0 days respectively ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The average survival time of hCTLA4Ig and DST + hCTLA4Ig groups was 43.0 ± 11.8 and 135.0 ± 29. 7 days respectively, which was significantly longer than in control group or THY group ( P ＜0. 01 ). The average survival time of THY +PC61 + DST + hCTLA4Ig group was 25.8 ± 8.9 days, which was significantly longer than in control group,but shorter than in hCTLA4Ig group or DST + hCTLA4Ig group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The survival time in DST +hCTLA4Ig group was 135.0 ± 29. 7 days, which was significantly longer than other groups ( P ＜ 0. 01 ).The pathological examination revealed that there were more lymphocytes infiltration and capillary vessel proliferation in the desmohemoblast in the transplanted heart of DST + hCTLA4Ig group. Conclusion CD4 +CD25 +T cells regulate the immune tolerance in the allograft transplantation.     

骨髓间充质干细胞体外对1型糖尿病大鼠淋巴细胞的免疫调节作用

目的 观察骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)体外对1型糖尿病(T1DM)大鼠淋巴细胞表型及增殖能力的影响,探讨其抑制淋巴细胞增殖的机制.方法 分离、培养和鉴定大鼠MSCs,噻唑蓝(MIT)比色法观察该细胞对淋巴细胞增殖能力的影响,应用流式细胞术分析MSCs对植物血凝素(PHA)作用下淋巴细胞凋亡,周期水平和CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞亚群(CD4+CD25+Tregs)比例的影响.结果 大鼠MSCs表型为CD29+、CD90+、CD106+、CD34-、CD45-,对PHA刺激的淋巴细胞增殖有抑制作用,以淋巴细胞:MSCs为1∶1时(C组)抑制作用最强;共培养体系中,大部分淋巴细胞处于G0/G1期;C组淋巴细胞凋亡水平(58.05±0.89)%显著高于对照组(43.35±0.86)%(P＜0.05);CD4+CD25+Tregs的比例C组(22.76±1.15)%显著高于对照组(5.80±0.68)%(P＜0.05).结论 MSCs体外可显著抑制PHA刺激的T1DM大鼠淋巴细胞的增殖,其机制与CD4+CD25+Tregs比例增高密切相关.

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Objective To observe the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the lymphocytes of rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in vitro, and investigate the inhibitory effect of MSCs on lymphocytes proliferation and the underlying mechanism. Methods MSCs were isolated from SD rats, cultured in vitro, purified and then identified by testing the phenotypes with flow cytometry (FCM). The third-generation MSCs were planted in 24-well plates. After treated with mitomycin C, MSCs were co-cultured for 72 h with the T1 DM rat's lymphocytes activated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The proliferation of lymphocyte was measured by methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) method. FCM analysis was done to investigate the apoptosis, cell cycle and the proportion of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells of the T1 DM rat's lymphocytes after co-cultivation. Results The phenotypes of MSCs from normal SD rats were CD29 + , CD90 +, CD106 + , CD34-, CD45 -. MSCs obviously inhibited the lymphocyte proliferation stimco-culture system, most of the lymphocytes were arrested at G0/G1 phase. The apoptosis rate of lymphocytes (58.05 ± 0. 89)% in group C was increased significantly as compared with the control group (43.35± 0.86 ) % ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) as well as the proportion of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells (22.76 ± 1.15 ) % vs (5.80 ± 0. 68) %. Conclusion In vitro, MSCs can obviously inhibit the T1 DM rat' s lymphocytes proliferation stimulated with PHA via increasing the proportion of CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells.     

携带4-1BBL基因的胃癌细胞总RNA转染树突状细胞疫苗的研究

目的 观察携带4-1BBL基因的胃癌细胞总RNA转染树突状细胞疫苗,在小鼠体内诱导的抗肿瘤效应以及对小鼠免疫力的影响.方法 用脂质体法把pMKITneo/4-1 BBL质粒导入小鼠胃癌细胞MFC内,再提取此细胞的总RNA并转染至树突状细胞内制备MFC/4-1BBL/DC疫苗;把MFC细胞注射于20只615小鼠皮下建立荷瘤小鼠胃癌模型,并随机分为对照组、DC组、MFC/DC组和MFC/4-1BBL/DC组,每组5只;在MFC细胞接种后第7、14天给予相应DC疫苗治疗,于肿瘤细胞接种后第21天,处死实验动物,测量瘤重、测定肿瘤细胞的凋亡率及外周血的CD4+、CD8+T细胞和NK细胞的含量.结果 MFC/4-1BBL/DC组小鼠平均瘤重(2.06±0.39)g显著低于对照组(3.82±0.57)g、DC组(3.63±0.51)g、MFC/DC组(2.67±0.32)g(P＜0.05);且MFC/4-1BBL/DC组肿瘤细胞凋亡率(28.58±2.84)%明显高于MFC/DC组(25.03±1.88)%、DC组(20.66±2.71)%及对照组(19.09±2.73)%(P＜0.05);MFC/4-1BBI/DC组小鼠外周血CID4+T、NK细胞数明显高于对照组和其他治疗组(P＜0.05).结论 携带4-1BBL基因的胃癌细胞总RNA转染树突状细胞疫苗能够提高荷瘤机体的免疫能力、抑制肿瘤细胞的生长、促进肿瘤细胞的凋亡.

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Objective To observe the induced anti-tumor effects and immune state in vivo by the transfection of dendritic cell vaccine into the total RNA of gastric cancer cells carrying 4-1BBL gene.Methods The liposome-mediated pMKITneo/4-1BBL gene was inserted into the MFC gastric cancer cells,and the cell total RNA was extracted and transfected into dendritic cells to make the MFC/4-1BBL/DC vaccine.After MFC cells were injected into the 615 mouse to establish tumor-bearing mouse model,and those 20 mice were randomly divided into control group,DC group,MFC/DC group,MFC/4-1BBL/DC group.The dendritic cell vaccine was subcutaneously injected on the day 7 and 14 after inoculation of tumor cells,and on the day 21 animals were killed and tumor weight was measured,tumor cell apoptosis rate was assayed and the contents of CD4 +,CD8 + T cells and NK cells in peripheral blood were analyzed.Results The mean tumor weight in MFC/4-1BBL/DC group (2.06 ±0.39) g was significantly less than that in control group (3.82 ±0.57) g,DC group (3.63 ±0.51 ) g,MFC/DC group (2.67 ±0.32) g (P ＜0.05).Moreover the apoptosis rate in MFC/4-1BBL/DC group (28.58 ± 2.84 ) % was significantly higher than that in MFC/DC group (25.03 ± 1.88)%,DC group (20.66 ±2.71 )% and control group ( 19.09 ±2.73 )% (P ＜0.05).The percentage of CD4 + T,NK cells in MFC/4-1BBL/DC group was significantly higher than in other groups ( P＜0.05).Conclusion The transfection of dendritic cell vaccine into the total RNA of gastric cancer cells carrying 4-1BBL gene can increase immunity of the bearing tumor mice,inhabit tumor growth and promote tumor cell apoptosis.     

黄芪多糖对分泌白细胞介素12树突细胞亚群的免疫调控效应与机制

目的 观察黄芪多糖(APS)对分泌IL-12树突细胞(DC)亚群CD11chighCD45RBlowDC功能的影响.方法磁珠分选技术获得BALB/c小鼠脾脏CD11chighCD45RBlowDC和CD4+T淋巴细胞.在CD11 chighCD45RBlowDC中加入不同浓度APS(50、100、200μg/mL)处理,以不加APS的细胞作为对照,应用ELISA法检测细胞培养上清液中IL-12水平,流式细胞仪检测细胞表面分子CD40、CD80、CD86、I-A/E及Toll样受体4(TLR4)的表达.将CD4+T淋巴细胞分为正常对照组(未行任何处理)、未刺激组(加入未经APS处理的CD11chighCD45RBlowDC与CD4+T淋巴细胞混合培养)、高浓度APS刺激组(加入经200μg/mL APS处理后的CD11chighCD45RBlowDC与CD4+T淋巴细胞混合培养)、高浓度APS刺激+抗体1组(加入经200μg/mL APS处理后的CD11chighCD45RBlowDC、IL-12抗体与CD4+T淋巴细胞混合培养)和高浓度APS刺激+抗体2组(加入经200 μg/mL APS处理后的CD11chighCD45RBlowDC、IL-12同型对照抗体与CD4+T淋巴细胞混合培养).采用噻唑蓝法测定CD4+T淋巴细胞增殖能力,流式细胞仪检测细胞培养液中IL-4和γ干扰素水平.对数据行多组间单因素方差分析.结果与未加APS刺激相比,3种浓度APS均显著增强CD11chighCD45RBlowDC表面分子CD40、CD80、I-A/E及TLR4表达及IL-12分泌,其中IL-12分泌呈APS浓度依赖性;CD86表达无明显变化.高浓度APS刺激组CD4+T淋巴细胞增殖能力高于未刺激组(F=13.438,P＜0.05);高浓度APS刺激组细胞γ干扰素水平为(2784±137)pg/mL,高于未刺激组[(1952±101)pg/mL,F=12.177,P＜0.05];高浓度APS刺激组细胞IL-4水平为(172±20)pg/mL,明显低于未刺激组[(193±19)pg/mL,F=11.963,P＜0.05].高浓度APS刺激+抗体1组前述3项指标表达水平较未刺激组明显改善,高浓度APS刺激+抗体2组前述3项指标表达水平与高浓度APS刺激组接近.结论 APS能够通过促进CD11chighCD45RBlowDC中IL-12的表达,诱导CD4+T淋巴细胞向Th1型反应分化,通过激活CD11chighCD45RBlowDC增强免疫活性.

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Objective To investigate immunomodulatory effect of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on IL-12-secreting dendritic cell (DC) subset CD11chigh CD45RBlow DC. Methods Spleen CD11chighCD45RBlow DC and CD4 +T lymphocytes in BALB/c mice were purified by magnetic beads sorting,and were treated with 0 (as control), 50, 100, 200 μg/mL APS. Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry were used to determine expressions of CD11chighCD45RBlow DC surface molecules, including CD40,CD80, CD86, I-A/E, and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. IL-12 level in CD11chighCD45RBlow DC culture supernatant was determined by ELISA. The CD4+ T lymphocytes were divided into: normal control group,non-stimulation group ( CD4 + T lymphocytes cocultured with APS-unstimulated CD11 chigh CD45RBlow DC ) ,high-dose APS stimulation group (CD4+T lymphocytes cocultured with 200 μg/mL APS-stimulated CD11ch'ghCD45RBlow DC) , high-dose APS stimulation + antibody 1 group ( CD4 + T lymphocytes cocultured with 200 μg/mL APS-stimulated CD11chighCD45RBlow DC and IL-12 antibody), high-dose APS stimulation +antibody 2 group (CD4 +T lymphocytes cocultured with 200 μg/mL APS-stimulated CD11chigh CD45RBlow DC and IL-12 antibody isotype). Proliferation ability of CD4 + T lymphocytes was determined with MTT method.IL-4 level as well as IFN-γ level in CD4 + T lymphocyte culture supernatant was determined by flow cytometry. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance. Results Compared with those in control, the expressions of CD 11 chigh CD45 RBlow DC surface molecules ( except for CD86 ) on CD 11 chigh CD45RBlow DC surface, as well as IL-12-secreting level with dose-dependence were increased in cells stimulated with 50,100, 200 μg/mL APS. Proliferation ability of CD4 +T lymphocytes in high-dose APS stimulation group was higher as compared with that in non-stimulation group ( F = 13. 438, P ＜0.05). IFN-γlevel in high-dose APS stimulation group [(2784 ± 137 ) pg/mL] was higher than that in non-stimulation group [(1952 ±101 ) pg/mL, F = 12. 177, P ＜0.05]. IL-4 level in high-dose APS stimulation group was (172 t 20) pg/mL,which was lower than that in non-stimulation group [( 193 ± 19) pg/mL, F = 11.963, P ＜0.05]. Proliferation ability of CD4+ T lymphocytes, IFN-γ level, and IL-4 level in high-dose APS stimulation + antibody 1 group were all ameliorated when compared with those in non-stimulation group; while levels of the 3 indexes in high-dose APS stimulation + antibody 2 group were similar to those in high-dose APS stimulation group.Conclusions APS can activate IL-12-producing CD11 chighCD45RBlowDC, and further induce the activation of immune function of T lymphocyte with shifting of Th2 to Th1 in vitro. APS can enhance the immune response via promoting the phenotypic and functional maturation of CD11 chighCD45RBlow DC.     

不同全麻对口腔恶性肿瘤患者免疫功能的影响

目的 评价不同全麻对口腔恶性肿瘤患者免疫功能的影响.方法 择期拟行口腔恶性肿瘤根治术患者60例,年龄49～64岁,体重50～71kg,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法,将患者随机分为3组(n=20):Ⅰ组采用全凭静脉麻醉,静脉注射眯达唑仑、瑞芬太尼、顺阿曲库铵和异丙酚麻醉诱导,静脉输注异丙酚和瑞芬太尼维持麻醉;Ⅱ组采用静吸复合麻醉,麻醉诱导同Ⅰ组,吸入七氟醚或静脉输注异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼维持麻醉;Ⅲ组采用吸入全麻,吸入七氟醚,静脉注射瑞芬太尼和顺阿曲库铵麻醉诱导,吸入七氟醚,静脉输注瑞芬太尼维持麻醉.于麻醉诱导前30 min(T0)、麻醉后1、3、5 h、术毕、术后24、48、72 h(T2～7)时采集外周静脉血,采用流式细胞仪测定T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞、B淋巴细胞百分比.结果 与T0时比较,Ⅰ组～Ⅲ组T1-5时CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+比值、NK细胞百分比和B淋巴细胞百分比降低,Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组T6时CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+比值及NK细胞百分比降低(P＜0.05或0.01);与Ⅰ组比较,Ⅱ组T2,3,6时CD4+、CD4+/CD8+比值和Ⅲ组T2～6时CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+比值及NK细胞百分比降低(P＜0.05或0.01);与Ⅱ组比较,Ⅲ组T4.5时CD4+、CD4+/CD8+比值及NK细胞百分比降低(P＜0.05).结论 与吸人麻醉和静吸复合麻醉比较,咪达唑仑、瑞芬太尼和异丙酚全凭静脉麻醉对口腔恶性肿瘤患者免疫功能的抑制程度较低.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effects of different general anesthesia protocols on immune function in patients with oral malignant tumor. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients undergoing elective radical operation for oral malignant tumor were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 20 each): group Ⅰ total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA); group Ⅱ combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia (IV-INH) and group Ⅱ inhalational anesthesia (INN). Anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol and remifentanll in group Ⅰ; with sevoflurane,propofol and remifentanil in group Ⅱ and with sevoflurane and remifentanil in group Ⅲ. Peripheral venous blood samples were taken at 30 min before (To) and 1 h (T1), 3 h (T2 ) and 5 h (T3) after induction of anesthesia, the end of operation (T4 ) and at 24 h (T5 ), 48 h (T6 ) and 72 h (T7) after operation for determination of the percentages of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+ , CD4+ , CD8+ , CD4+/CD8+ ratio). Natural killer (NK) cells (CD16+ ,CD56+ ) and B lymphocyte (CD19+ ) with flow cytometer. Results The percentages of CD3+ , CD4+ , NK cells, B lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly decreased during and after operation at T1-5 in all groups and the percentges of CD3+ ,CD4+ ,NK cells and CD4+/CD3+ ratio were decreased at T6 in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ as compared with the baseline values before anesthesia at To. The percentage of CD4+ cells and CD4+/CD8+ratio were significantly lower during anesthesia at T2,3,6 in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ . The percentages of CD4 +and NK cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly higher after operation at T4,5 in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅲ.The percentages of CD3 + , CD4 + , NK cells and CD4 +/CD8 + ratio were significantly lower at T2-6 in group Ⅲthan in group Ⅰ . Conclusion TIVA with midazolam, propofol and remifentanil has less impact on immune function than inhalational and combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia in patients with oral malignant tumor under-going elective radical operation.     

CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞对小鼠肝脏移植自发性免疫耐受的影响

目的 研究CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在诱导自发性肝脏免疫耐受中的作用.方法 向受体和供体注射抗CD25抗体(PC61)后进行小鼠原位肝脏移植,观测其生存时间.术后20～30 d切取移植肝脏行HE染色,同时观察CD4+CD25+T细胞对CD4+T细胞和CD8+T细胞功能的影响.结果 去除受体而不是供体小鼠的CD4+CD25+T细胞可以导致肝移植排斥反应.而且,去除CD4+CD25+T细胞使移植物的白细胞浸润明显增多,组织损伤加重.同时,去除CD4+CD25+T细胞导致CD4+T细胞的增殖活性和CD8+T细胞的细胞毒活性明显增强.结论 受体来源的CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在小鼠肝脏移植免疫耐受诱导中起重要作用.

Abstract：

Objective To examine the contribution of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells to liver transplant tolerance. Methods After injection of anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody (mAb, PC61), mouse orthotopic liver transplantation was performed and survivals were determined. The paraffin-embedded sections of hepatic allografts were cut and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE). Furthermore, the effect of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells on proliferative response of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells was examined by depleting these regulatory T cells. Results Depletion of these cells in the recipients but not in the donors before liver transplantation caused rejection. Histological analyses of hepatic allografts with PC61 treatment showed extensive leukocyte infiltration and tissue destruction, whereas those in the control group showed minimal changes. Moreover, elimination of CD4+CD25+ T cells resulted in the enhancement of both proliferative response of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells against donor-type alloantigen. Conclusions These results suggest that CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells were important for tolerance induction to hepatic allografts.     

曲尼司特对环孢素A诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞向间充质转变的抑制作用

Objective To study the effect of tranilast on cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human renal tubular epithelial cells, and investigate the mechanism of its antifibrotic effect. Methods Cultured HK-2 cells were divided into four groups: (1)In the control group, cells were treated without any medicine; (2) The cell were treated with CsA (4. 2μmol/L) for 72 h; (3) The cells were treated with a combination of CsA (4. 2 μmol/L) and tranilast (100μmol/L); (4) The cells were treated with tranilast (100 μmol/L) alone for 72 h.Morphological changes of the cells were assessed by phase-contrast microscopy. The immunofluorescence and Western blotting were adopted to detect the expression of E-cadherin, α-SMA and OPN mRNA and proteins respectively. Results Tranilast could markedly ameliorate the morphological changes of HK-2 cells stimulated by CsA. The irmmunofluorescence staining revealed the expression of E-cadherin was markedly decreased in HK-2 cells stimulated with CsA for 72 as compared with the control group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN was significantly higher in CsA group than the control group. The expression of E-cadherin in the CsA + Tranilast group was higher than the CsA group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN in the CsA + Tranilast group was lower than the CsA group. Western blotting showed that protein expression level of E-cadherin in CsA group was dramatically lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 05), while that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA group was significantly higher than in the control group (P＜0.05). The protein expression level of E-cadherin in HK-2 cells in the CsA + Tranilast group was markedly higher than in the CsA group (P＜0.05), and that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA + Tranilast group was significantly lower than in the CsA group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Tranilast can block the CsA-induced epithelialto-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells probably by suppressing the expression of OPN.     

曲尼司特对环孢素A诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞向间充质转变的抑制作用

Objective To study the effect of tranilast on cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human renal tubular epithelial cells, and investigate the mechanism of its antifibrotic effect. Methods Cultured HK-2 cells were divided into four groups: (1)In the control group, cells were treated without any medicine; (2) The cell were treated with CsA (4. 2μmol/L) for 72 h; (3) The cells were treated with a combination of CsA (4. 2 μmol/L) and tranilast (100μmol/L); (4) The cells were treated with tranilast (100 μmol/L) alone for 72 h.Morphological changes of the cells were assessed by phase-contrast microscopy. The immunofluorescence and Western blotting were adopted to detect the expression of E-cadherin, α-SMA and OPN mRNA and proteins respectively. Results Tranilast could markedly ameliorate the morphological changes of HK-2 cells stimulated by CsA. The irmmunofluorescence staining revealed the expression of E-cadherin was markedly decreased in HK-2 cells stimulated with CsA for 72 as compared with the control group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN was significantly higher in CsA group than the control group. The expression of E-cadherin in the CsA + Tranilast group was higher than the CsA group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN in the CsA + Tranilast group was lower than the CsA group. Western blotting showed that protein expression level of E-cadherin in CsA group was dramatically lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 05), while that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA group was significantly higher than in the control group (P＜0.05). The protein expression level of E-cadherin in HK-2 cells in the CsA + Tranilast group was markedly higher than in the CsA group (P＜0.05), and that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA + Tranilast group was significantly lower than in the CsA group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Tranilast can block the CsA-induced epithelialto-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells probably by suppressing the expression of OPN.     

曲尼司特对环孢素A诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞向间充质转变的抑制作用

Objective To study the effect of tranilast on cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human renal tubular epithelial cells, and investigate the mechanism of its antifibrotic effect. Methods Cultured HK-2 cells were divided into four groups: (1)In the control group, cells were treated without any medicine; (2) The cell were treated with CsA (4. 2μmol/L) for 72 h; (3) The cells were treated with a combination of CsA (4. 2 μmol/L) and tranilast (100μmol/L); (4) The cells were treated with tranilast (100 μmol/L) alone for 72 h.Morphological changes of the cells were assessed by phase-contrast microscopy. The immunofluorescence and Western blotting were adopted to detect the expression of E-cadherin, α-SMA and OPN mRNA and proteins respectively. Results Tranilast could markedly ameliorate the morphological changes of HK-2 cells stimulated by CsA. The irmmunofluorescence staining revealed the expression of E-cadherin was markedly decreased in HK-2 cells stimulated with CsA for 72 as compared with the control group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN was significantly higher in CsA group than the control group. The expression of E-cadherin in the CsA + Tranilast group was higher than the CsA group, while the expression of α-SMA and OPN in the CsA + Tranilast group was lower than the CsA group. Western blotting showed that protein expression level of E-cadherin in CsA group was dramatically lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 05), while that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA group was significantly higher than in the control group (P＜0.05). The protein expression level of E-cadherin in HK-2 cells in the CsA + Tranilast group was markedly higher than in the CsA group (P＜0.05), and that of α-SMA and OPN in CsA + Tranilast group was significantly lower than in the CsA group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Tranilast can block the CsA-induced epithelialto-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells probably by suppressing the expression of OPN.     

转化生长因子－β1基因修饰的不成熟树突状细胞的免疫生物学功能

目的 探讨转化生长因子(TGF) -β1基因转染后树突状细胞(DC)细胞表型和免疫生物学功能的变化.方法 利用大鼠骨髓细胞诱导、培养不成熟树突状细胞(imDC),以脂质体介导的pIRES2-EGFP-hTGF-β1转染imDC细胞,通过酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和Western blot法检测转染后各组imDC培养上清TGF-β1蛋白表达;通过流式细胞法、免疫细胞化学法及混合淋巴细胞反应检测各组imDC表面分子的分子表型和免疫功能变化.结果 TGF-β1基因转染的imDC上清中均检测相应蛋白的高表达,TGF-β1基因转染组TGF-β1蛋白表达(252.75±11.31) μg/L均高于mDC组(11.19±2.29) μg/L、imDC组(35.18±6.17) μg/L、空载体组(33.67±4.61)μg／L;基因转染组的表面分子CD86、CD80及MHCⅡ表达明显低于空载体组和无任何转染的imDC组;基因转染组的imDC对T的增殖研究结果显示有显著抑制作用,低于空载体和无任何转染的imDC组.结论 TGF-β1基因成功导人imDC,基因改造的imDC不但能维持不成熟状态同时分泌免疫耐受抑制蛋白,致免疫耐受作用显著增强.     

CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞在肝癌肝移植肿瘤复发中的作用

目的 探讨肝癌肝移植病人移植前后外周血和肿瘤组织中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞比例变化及其临床意义.方法 用流式细胞仪检测肝癌肝移植病人和其他肝移植病人术后外周血中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞的比例,并采用正常人作对照.用免疫组化法检测肝癌病人和非肝癌病人肿瘤组织中FoxP3的表达及CD8+T细胞浸润的比例.观察肝癌肝移植病人术后及肿瘤复发后调节性T细胞的变化及其对肿瘤复发的影响.结果 流式细胞检测显示肝癌肝移植、非肝癌肝移植的病人术后外周血中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞占CD4+T细胞的比例较正常人明显升高,分别为(10.15±1.00)%、(5.30±1.64)%和(3.20±1.18)%,P<0.05.肝癌肝移植肿瘤复发病人较未复发病人外周血CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T比例明显升高,分别为(15.15±1.50)%和(6.80±1.50)%,P<0.01.免疫组化检测显示肿瘤组织中FOXP3+T细胞增多,CD8+T细胞浸润明显减少.结论 肝癌肝移植肿瘤复发的病人外周血中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞比例升高.调节性T细胞可能通过减少CD8+T细胞浸润,加速肿瘤复发.     

输注调节性T细胞延缓非肥胖糖尿病小鼠糖尿病的发生

目的 观察过继输注调节性T细胞(Treg)对非肥胖糖尿病(NOD)小鼠自发性糖尿病发生的影响.方法 分选NOD小鼠天然调节性T细胞(nTreg),并诱导Na(i)ve T细胞转化为CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞(iTreg),分别输注予4周龄的雌性NOD小鼠,观察糖尿病的发生情况,并确定细胞输注后Treg在体内的分布、检测血清中TGF-β1、IL-10及IL-4的表达以探讨Treg的作用机制.结果 对照组小鼠13周龄时即100%自发性发生糖尿病,而输注iTreg和nTreg分别能延缓糖尿病的发生时间至24周龄和25周龄,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＞0.05).Treg细胞输注后主要分布在胸腺,iTreg在体内能促进TGF-β1、IL-10及IL-4表达的上调[血中浓度分别为(543.00±26.51)、(107.67±12.66)、(93.33±12.58)ng/L],与对照组比较差异有统计学意义[(60.67±15.82)、(20.67±6.03)、(30.67±5.51)ng/L,P＜0.05].结论 在体外诱导生成的调节性T细胞可延缓NOD小鼠糖尿病的发生,其机制与上调具有免疫抑制效应的细胞因子相关.     

肝癌病人外周血中CD4+CD25+FOXP3+调节性T淋巴细胞表达水平的临床研究

目的 了解CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T调节性T细胞在肝癌病人外周血中的表达水平并探讨其临床意义.方法 应用流式细胞术测定18例肝癌病人外周血CD4+CD25+FOXP3+调节性T细胞占CD4+T淋巴细胞百分比,并与26例l临床对照者和24例健康对照者进行比较.结果 肝癌病人外周血中CD4+CD25+T细胞占CD4+T细胞百分比(4.25%±3.98%)明显高于临床对照组(1.34%±1.14%)及健康对照组(1.29%±0.95%)(P＜0.01),而两个对照组之间并无显著性差异(P＞0.05).CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞在肝癌病人外周血所占CD4+T细胞比率(2.94%±0.91%)也较临床对照组(0.76%±0.34%)及健康对照组(0.81%±0.29%)显著升高(P＜0.001),且升高幅度强于CD4+CD25+T细胞水平,两个对照组之间并无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论 CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T细胞是更为准确的调节性T细胞,其在肝癌病人外周血中表达水平明显升高,检测CD4+CD25+FOXP3+T水平对肝癌的预防治疗具有重要临床意义.     

Prolonged survival of donor-specific rat intestinal allograft by administration of bone-marrow-derived immature dendritic cells

It has been reported that intraportal administration of donor antigens induced donor-specific hyporesponsiveness. We studied here the effects of transplantation of BM-derived immature dendritic cells (imDCs) and mature DCs (mDCs) via portal vein on rat small intestinal allograft survival. This study comprised four treatment groups: 1) untreated controls; 2) FK506 alone; 3) intraportal donor-specific BM-derived imDCs transplantation+FK506; 4) mDCs/Tx+FK506. Allograft survival was minimal in control group (5.2+/-0.8 days) and maximal in imDC+FK506 group (28.4+/-3.0 days). The rats in mDC+FK506 group showed systemic inflammatory reaction due to GVHR, and died within 10 days after transplantation. The in vitro MLR reaction using imDCs was also strongly inhibited both in direct and indirect recognition pathways. The impact of imDCs for the specific induction of transplant tolerance may suggest that immunization with donor-specific imDCs has therapeutic potential in organ transplantation.     

小鼠CD4+CD25+T调节细胞的分离、纯化及其功能检测

目的 探讨小鼠CD4+CD25+T调节细胞(Treg)的分离培养、纯化及其部分功能检测.方法 采用免疫磁珠分离法(MACS)对分离小鼠的脾淋巴细胞进行分选CD4+CD25+Treg细胞,锥虫蓝细胞染色检测其活性,流式细胞仪检测分选所得活性细胞的纯度,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测培养上清液中白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-10水平的浓度.结果 MACS分离的CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的纯度达83%～96%.体外培养中Treg组、T组和混合组IL-2和IL-10的平均水平分别为:(10.25±2.31)、(40.32±8.05)ng/L;(5 8.21±13.05)、(11.52±3.01)ng/L;(39.54±12.82)、(31.25±4.36)ng/L,数据差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 采用MACS系统两步法,可获得高纯度、具有免疫抑制功能的Treg细胞,该细胞对CD4+CD25-T细胞的免疫抑制作用可能是通过IL-10对IL-2的调节作用实现的.     

CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞诱导同种异体复合组织移植免疫耐受功能的研究

目的 探讨供体抗原特异性CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞(Treg),对同种异体复合组织 移植(CTA)受体大鼠细胞免疫耐受功能的影响.方法 采用免疫磁珠法分选CD4~+CD25~+Treg,将数 量1×10~6的CD4~+CD25~+Treg输注入CTA受体的大鼠,术后30 d采取外周血,尼龙毛柱分离T、B细 胞,检测在IgM 抗体刺激下的增殖放射强度的液体闪烁测定(CPM)值及血清lgG和IgA水平,判断 CD4~+CD25~+Treg对T、B细胞功能的影响及CTA的存活情况,并进行统计学分析.结果 分选的CD4~+CD25~+Treg纯度为95.6%.T、B细胞CPM值:正常对照组分别为2436±358、2418±348,Treg 局部干预组为2273±136、2252±127,Treg全身干预组分别为2338±228、2315±218,Treg未干预组分 别为3749±245、3720±224;Treg 未干预组与其三组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).血清IsG、IgA水平:Treg 局部和全身干预组分别为(12.56±1.30)g/L、(2.38±0.21)g/L和(13.48±1.23) g/L、(2.86±0.24)g/L,与正常对照组(12.35±1.28)g/L、(2.36±0.12)g/L比较差异无统计学意 义(P>0.05),三组与Treg未干预组(16.58±1.12)g/L、(3.75±0.37)g/L比较差异有统计学意义 (P<0.01).Treg 局部和全身干预组CTA存活时间分别为(97±13)和(63±lO)d,显著长于Treg未 干预组的(22±8)d(P<0.01).结论 供体抗原特异性CD4~+CD25~+Treg对T、B细胞功能有明显的 抑制作用,能诱导CTA免疫耐受,延长其存活时间,且局部应用效果优于全身.     

胃癌患者外周血调节性T细胞检测及初步分析

目的 检测胃癌患者外周血调节性T细胞(Treg)水平并对其进行初步分析.方法 四色流式细胞仪检测术前胃癌患者(n=25)及正常健康者(n=25)外周血CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+Treg水平.结果 正常对照组CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ Treg/PBL为(1.229±0.656)%,胃癌组CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ Tres/PBL为(1.993±0.830)%.胃癌患者外周血Treg较正常对照组明显升高(P<0.01).结论 胃癌患者周血Treg水平升高,可因其免疫负调作用而导致免疫抑制.     

Naïve and central memory T-cell lymphopenia in end-stage renal disease

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with increased propensity to infections, diminished response to vaccination, impaired cell-mediated immunity, and reduced CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocyte ratio. Four subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells have been recently identified: na?ve cells (as yet uncommitted), central memory (CM) cells (previously programmed), and CD45RA-positive and CD45RA-negative effector memory (EM) cells (programmed to perform specific effector functions). The effect of ESRD on subpopulations of T lymphocytes is unclear and was studied here. Twenty-one hemodialysis patients and 21 age-matched controls were studied. Pre- and post-dialysis blood samples were obtained and analyzed by three-color flow cytometry. CD4+/CD8+ ratio and the numbers of the na?ve and CM CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were significantly reduced, whereas the numbers of EM CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were unchanged in the ESRD group. The reduction of the na?ve and CM T-cell counts in the ESRD group was associated with increased apoptosis of these cells. Negative correlations were found between severity of azotemia, oxidative stress, and hyperphosphatemia with the number of na?ve T cells. Comparison of diabetic with non-diabetic ESRD patients revealed higher numbers of total CD8+ cells and EM CD8+ T cells in the diabetic group. Dialysis did not significantly change the na?ve and CM CD4+ or CD8+ cell counts, but significantly lowered CD8+ EM cell count. Thus, ESRD results in increased apoptosis and diminished populations of na?ve and CM T lymphocytes. This phenomenon may, in part, contribute to the impaired immune response in this population.     

CD8+ gammadelta T regulatory cells mediate kidney allograft prolongation after oral exposure to alloantigen.

The long term goal of immunological therapy for transplantation is to induce antigen specific unresponsiveness. One approach of significant current interest is the induction of T regulatory (Treg) cells that downregulate immune responses in an antigen specific manner. In this study, we examined the nature of the immunological regulation initiated by oral exposure to alloantigen. We previously demonstrated that feeding of allogeneic donor splenocytes significantly prolongs kidney allograft survival in rats. Purified CD8+ graft infiltrating cells (GIC), but not CD4+ GIC transfer graft prolongation to na?ve animals demonstrating the presence of a CD8+ Treg population in the graft. In this study, we provide evidence that is consistent with a hypothesis that the CD8+ Treg generated by oral exposure to alloantigen is an IL-10 secreting, gammadelta TCR+ T cell.