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1.
经皮二尖瓣球囊扩张术治疗二尖瓣狭窄伴中度返流 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 探讨经皮二尖瓣球囊扩张术 (PBMV)治疗二尖瓣狭窄 (MS)伴中度二尖瓣返流(MR)的近、远期疗效。方法 采用自制二尖瓣球囊导管治疗MS伴中度MR患者 6 2例 ,其中二尖瓣膜明显增厚、钙化者 7例 ,对左室最大前后径、二尖瓣口面积、左房平均压、二尖瓣跨瓣压差及心功能(NYHA分级 )等主要指标随访观察 12~ 36个月。结果 术后二尖瓣口面积明显增大 [(0 83± 0 18)cm2 比 (1 86± 0 2 4 )cm2 ,P <0 0 1],左房平均压 [(32± 8)mmHg比 (13± 8)mmHg ,P <0 0 1,1mmHg=0 133kPa]及二尖瓣跨瓣压差 [(18± 9)mmHg比 (5± 3)mmHg ,P <0 0 1]明显降低 ,心功能明显改善 [(2 81± 0 2 4 )级比 (1 4 6± 0 37)级 ,P <0 0 1],左室最大前后径无显著改变 [(4 5± 4 )mm比 (4 6± 4 )mm ,P >0 0 5 ]。对左室最大前后径、二尖瓣口面积及心功能等指标随访观察 12~ 36个月均无明显改变。结论 选择合适病例 ,严格把握球囊扩张终点 ,风湿性二尖瓣狭窄并中度返流患者PBMV的近、远期疗效显著。 相似文献
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Opinion statement
相似文献
– | It is well recognized that the floppy mitral valve (FMV) complex is the central issue in the FMV, mitral valve prolapse (MVP), and mitral valvular regurgitation (MVR) story. MVP associated with the FMV results from the systolic movement of portions or segments of the FMV complex into the left atrium (LA). Prolapse of the FMV results in unique forms of mitral valvular dysfunction and MVR. When the FMV is recognized as the basic point of reference, diagnostic and nosologic characterizations are simplified. Each of the consequences of FMV dysfunction—MVP, MVR, and FMV surface phenomena—are dynamic entities and contribute to the symptoms and clinical course in this patient population. |
– | Although MVP may occur in the absence of a FMV in individuals with small left ventricular (LV) volume, hyperdynamic, or hypercontractile LV, we do not consider this phenomenon as part of FMV/MVP/MVR. |
– | The natural history of the FMV/MVP/MVR is long, and understanding the life history requires long-term follow-up with serial evaluations. |
– | Identification of those individuals with FMV/MVP whose symptoms are related to, or associated with, autonomic nervous system dysfunction (ie, the FMV/MVP syndrome) is important, as this distinction has diagnostic and therapeutic implications. |
– | In general, patients with FMV/MVP should receive antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis. |
– | Data suggest that therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors for FMV/MVP and significant MVR may slow the natural regression of the disease. |
– | Surgical therapy should be considered in patients with significant MVR and symptoms related to MVR. |
– | Explanation for the nature of these symptoms, reassurance, avoidance of volume depletion, catecholamines or other cycle-AMP stimulants and a regular exercise program constitute the basic principles of management for patients with FMV/MVP syndrome. |
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R Arora M Nair G S Kalra K K Sethi J C Mohan M Nigam S K Khanna M Khalilullah 《Indian heart journal》1990,42(5):329-334
One hundred and twenty-six patients of rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS), aged 10-30 (mean 19.5 +/- 5.9) years underwent balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV). All valvuloplasties were done by the anterograde transvenous, transatrial route. The procedure was successful in 120 (95%) cases. Single balloon was used in 10 patients early in the series and double balloon was used in the other 110 patients. BMV resulted in a significant increase in the mitral valve area (MVA) from 0.96 +/- 0.35 to 2.3 +/- 0.8 cm2 (p less than 0.0001) and a significant fall in the transmitral pressure gradient (TMG) from 28.2 +/- 3.2 to 7.4 +/- 4.8 mmHg (p less than 0.001). The MVA achieved by BMV was found to have a significant positive correlation with the balloon diameter to body surface area ratio (BD/BSA) (r = 0.69, p less than 0.001). New mitral regurgitation (MR) developed in 15 patients--trivial in 11, 2+ in 2 and 3+ in 2. One patient required emergency mitral valve replacement. Procedure induced MR did not have a significant relation to the balloon size, degree of mitral sub-valvular pathology or the severity of mitral stenosis. Iatrogenic atrial septal defect was detected by oximetry in none, by angiography in one patient, and by Doppler color flow imaging in 5 patients. Cardiac tamponade was the most frequent serious complication, occurring in 6 patients, 4 of whom died following emergency surgery. Sixty-five patients have been followed up for at least 6 months (range 6-30, mean 16.3 +/- 6.3 months) following BMV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
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We report 7 symptomatic patients with stenotic double-orifice mitral valve of incomplete bridge type. In each patient, the fibrous bridge tissue between the valve leaflets was successfully split using an Inoue balloon valvuloplasty technique with stepwise dilations applied only to the posteromedial orifice. 相似文献
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Percutaneous mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Block PC 《Journal of interventional cardiology》2003,16(1):93-96
Mitral regurgitation (MR) associated with, ischemic, and degenerative (prolapse) disease, contributes to left ventricular (LV) dysfunction due to remodeling, and LV dilation, resulting in worsening of MR. Mitral valve (MV) surgical repair has provided improvement in survival, LV function and symptoms, especially when performed early. Surgical repair is complex, due to diverse etiologies and has significant complications. The Society for Thoracic Surgery database shows that operative mortality for a 1st repair is 2% and for re-do repair is 4 times that. Cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiac arrest are required. The attendant morbidity prolongs hospitalization and recovery. Alfieri simplified mitral repair using an edge-to-edge technique which subsequently has been shown to be effective for multiple etiologies of MR. The MV leaflers are typically brought together by a central suture producing a double orifice MV without stenosis. Umana reported that MR decreased from grade 3.6 +/- 0.5 to 0.8 +/- 0.4 (P < 0.0001) and LV ejection fraction increased from 33 +/- 13% to 45 +/- 11% (P = 0.0156). In 121 patients, Maisano reported freedom from re-operation of 95 +/- 4.8% with up to 6 year follow-up. Oz developed a MV "grasper" that is directly placed via a left ventriculotomy and coapts both leaflets which are then fastened by a graduated spiral screw. An in-vitro model using explanted human valves showed significant reduction in MR and in canine studies, animals followed by serial echo had persistent MV coaptation. At 12 weeks the device was endothelialized. These promising results have paved the way for a percutaneous or minimally invasive-off pump mitral repair. Evalve has developed catheter-based technology, which, by apposing the edges of a regurgitant MV, results in edge-to-edge repair. Release of the device is done after echo and fluoroscopic evaluation under normal loading conditions. If the desired effect is not produced the device can be repositioned or retrieved. Animal studies show excellent healing, with incorporation of the device into the leaflets at 6-10 weeks with persistent coaptation. Another percutaneous approach has been to utilize the proximity of the coronary sinus (CS) to the mitral annulus (MA). Placement of a self-compressing device in the CS along the region of the posterior MA has, in canine models, reduced MR and addresses the issues of MA dilation and its contribution to MR. Ongoing studies are underway for both techniques. 相似文献
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T O Cheng 《Angiology》1989,40(12):1085-1087
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分级次二尖瓣球囊扩张预防二尖瓣反流的初步研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
目的为探讨经皮穿刺球囊导管二尖瓣扩张术(PBMV)引起二尖瓣反流(MR)的原因及其预防方法。方法我们采用分级次扩张法和改良Inone法对人体病变二尖瓣和硅胶二尖瓣模型进行体外球囊导管扩张实验,并对132例风湿性心脏病重度二尖瓣狭窄患者,其中分别以分级次扩张法96例,Inone法36例进行PBMV的前瞻性对比研究。结果(1)PBMV引起二尖瓣反流的原因除与瓣膜钙化程度重、瓣下结构紊乱有关以外,瓣口面积小、交界粘连处夹角小是一个重要原因。(2)分级次扩张可使交界粘合处夹角呈渐进性扩大,扩张时不易引起瓣膜撕裂和二尖瓣反流。两组比较Inone法扩张组二尖瓣反流发生率为16.7%,分级次扩张组无二尖瓣反流病例,并且术中其他并发症及术后再狭窄发生率后者也明显低于前者。结论球囊导管分级次扩张可有效地预防二尖瓣反流,是治疗二尖瓣狭窄较理想的方法。 相似文献
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A reduced rate of diastolic closure of the anterior mitral leaflet has been shown to occur in mitral stenosis, primary pulmonary hypertension, and in cases with reduced left ventricular compliance. Posterior notion of the posterior mitral leaflet in diastole has been the distinguishing feature to rule out the diagnosis of mitral stenosis. We have analyzed echocardiograms of 167 patients with mitral stenosis and have found 16 cases where the posterior mitral leaflet moved posteriorly, that is, in an opposite direction from the anterior mitral leaflet. Two other features were found that were helpful in establishing the diagnosis of mitral stenosis in these atypical cases, namely, thickening of the mitral leaflets and reduction or absence of the artrial wave. 相似文献
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Effect of atrial fibrillation and mitral regurgitation on calculated mitral valve area in mitral stenosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R J Bryg G A Williams A J Labovitz U Aker H L Kennedy 《The American journal of cardiology》1986,57(8):634-638
Forty-nine patients with mitral stenosis (MS) were studied by Doppler echocardiography and 2-dimensional (2-D) echocardiography to assess the ability of Doppler ultrasound to accurately measure mitral valve orifice area and to assess whether atrial fibrillation (AF) or mitral regurgitation (MR) affected the calculation. Twenty-four patients underwent cardiac catheterization. Mitral valve area by Doppler was determined by the pressure half-time method. Mean mitral valve area of all 49 patients by Doppler and 2-D echocardiography correlated well (r = 0.90). There was good correlation between Doppler and 2-D echocardiography in patients with pure MS in sinus rhythm (r = 0.88), in patients with MR (r = 0.93) and in patients with AF (r = 0.96). In the 7 patients with pure MS in sinus rhythm, there was good correlation between Doppler, 2-D echocardiography and cardiac catheterization (r = 0.95). In patients with either MR or AF, cardiac catheterization appeared to underestimate mitral valve orifice compared with both Doppler and 2-D echocardiography (p less than 0.05). Doppler echocardiography can estimate valve area in patients with MS regardless of the presence of MR or AF. 相似文献
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By using simultaneous recordings of the mitral valve echogram and apex cardiogram, the mitral echogram amplitude was measured at the onset of left ventricular isovolumic contraction (MAIC). Twenty normal subjects and 68 patients with a reduced diastolic closure rate in the mitral valve echogram were studied. Of these patients, 53 had mitral stenosis, 6 aortic valvar stenosis, and 9 hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. In the normal subjects the MAIC ranged between 2 and 4 mm, average 2-7 mm, in the patients with aortic valvar stenosis or hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy between 2 and 4 mm, average 2-9 mm, and in the patients with mitral stenosis between 6 and 17 mm, average 11-3 mm. The DE/MAIC ratio, where DE represents the opening amplitude of the mitral valve in early diastole, was between 3-3 and 6-5, average 5-1, in normal subjects; in the patients with aortic stenosis or hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy the DE/MAIC ratio was between 2-7 and 6-5, average 4-2, and in the patients with mitral stenosis between 0-7 and 1-5, average 1-1. An excellent correlation was found between the DE/MAIC ratio and mitral valve area in the patients with mitral stenosis (r = 0-84, P less than 0-01) while the correlation between the diastolic closure rate and valve area was less satisfactory (4 = 0-62, P less than 0-01). These findings suggest that in cases with a reduced diastolic closure rate for reasons other than mitral stenosis, error can be avoided by using the DE/MAIC ratio. 相似文献
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Gurcharan S. Kalra Ramesh Arora Javed A. Khan Madhuri Nigam M. Khalillulah 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》1994,33(1):28-30
Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy was performed in 27 pregnant females aged 24.9 ± 3.14 years (range 20–30 years) with severe mitral stenosis at 22.2 ± 4.3 weeks (range 18–32 weeks) of gestation. All patients were in New York Heart Association functional class IV at the time of procedure. The procedure was performed using the flow guided Inoue balloon in 25 patients and double balloon technique in 2 patients. Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy was successful in 26 patients. The mitral valve area assessed by Doppler echocardiography (pressure half time) increased from 0.78 ± 0.19 cm2 (range 0.5–1.0 cm2) to 2.2 ± 0.12 cm2 (range 1.9—2.6 cm2) (P <0.001). The mean mitral gradient decreased from 30.5 ± 7.6 mm Hg (range 22.5–41.4 mm Hg) to 6.1 ± 2.6 mm Hg (range 4.2–12.3 mm Hg) (P <0.001). The end diastolic gradient decreased from 28.3 ± 4.2 mm Hg (range 23–37 mm Hg) to 2.8 ± 1.5 mm Hg (range 0–5 mm Hg) (P <0.001). The total fluoroscopy time was 5.6 ± 2.2 min (range 2.7–8.9 min). Mitral regurgitation increased by one grade in 7 patients. One patient developed severe mitral regurgitation with anterior mitral leaflet tear needing immediate mitral valve replacement. Twenty-six patients improved to New York Heart Association class I after the procedure. Twenty-four patients had full-term, normal delivery and gave birth to healthy infants. The patients were followed up for 1–36 months (mean 16.6 ± 7.8 months). All patients were in New York Heart Association functional class I. No patient has shown any evidence of restenosis. The mitral valve area on follow-up was 2.1 ± 0.21 cm2. The degree of mitral regurgitation remained unchanged. The results of this study indicate that percutaneous mitral commissurotomy is a safe and effective procedure for severe mitral stenosis in pregnancy. There are no immediate detrimental effects of radiation on the fetus, though long-term effects of this amount of radiation are yet to be ascertained. © Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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The authors report the case of a 4 month old North African baby with massive congenital mitral insufficiency associated with a coarctation of the aorta. The surgical treatment consisted in correction of the coarctation followed, several days later, by a Ross mitral procedure after failure of mitral reconstructive surgery. The postoperative course required circulatory assistance for 4 days and the child returned to his family two months after surgery. Control echocardiography before hospital discharge showed good function of the pulmonary autograft in the mitral position with no regurgitation but slight stenosis with a mean transvalvular pressure gradient of 4 mmHg. This procedure may be used in certain cases as an alternative to mitral valve replacement. 相似文献
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Shin HJ Lee YJ Choo SJ Song H Chung CH Lee JW 《Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals》2005,13(3):261-266
Mitral valve repair was performed in 437 patients with mitral regurgitation from January 1994 to January 2002. The causes of mitral regurgitation were degenerative in 238 (54%), rheumatic in 134 (31%), and others in 65 (15%). The most frequently employed surgical techniques were ring annuloplasty in 417 (95%) cases, new chordae formation in 216 (50%), and quadrangular resection in 117 (27%). The mean follow-up was 29.04 +/- 22.81 months. There were 5 (1.2%) early and 5 (1.2%) late deaths. The reoperation rate was 1.6% with 41 (9%) cases of recurrent mitral regurgitation. Of these 22 were procedure-related: incomplete repair in 13, discordant new chordal length in 7, suture dehiscence and leaflet perforation in 1 case each. There were 19 cases of valve related failures: progression of rheumatic disease in 18 and subacute infective endocarditis in 1. Valve-related failure strongly correlated with progression of rheumatic disease. As initial operative success was the prime determinant of repair durability, intraoperative repair assessment with transesophageal echocardiography was essential. 相似文献