晶状体超声乳化联合玻璃体手术治疗合并白内障的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的分析晶状体超声乳化联合玻璃体手术治疗合并白内障的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)的疗效。设计回顾性临床病例系列。研究对象123只合并不同程度白内障的PDR患眼。方法对123只合并不同程度白内障的PDR患眼实施晶状体超声乳化联合玻璃体手术治疗,同时I期植入人工晶状体(IOL),观察术后视力改善程度及术中术后并发症。主要指标术后视力改善程度、术后并发症发生率。结果123眼均实施晶状体超声乳化联合玻璃体手术,并同时一期植入IOL于囊袋内。随访时间3￣21月(平均10个月)。99眼(81%)术后均有不同程度的视力改善。其中93眼(76%)术后视力提高2行或以上。术后无明显角膜水肿和角膜内皮失代偿发生。1例I型糖尿病患者术后6个月发生新生血管性青光眼;1眼术后发生视网膜脱离,再次手术后复位;4眼因玻璃体腔出血再次手术。术后视力无明显改善或视力提高不足2行的病例均合并不同程度的糖尿病黄斑病变。结论晶状体超声乳化联合玻璃体手术是提高合并白内障的PDR患者视力的有效手段。糖尿病黄斑病变是影响术后视力提高的主要因素。(眼科,2006,15:198-201)     

玻璃体切除联合白内障手术治疗55例PDR疗效分析

目的:评价玻璃体切除联合晶状体超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)的疗效及并发症。方法:回顾性分析55例68眼伴有白内障的PDR患者行玻璃体切除联合晶状体超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术的临床资料,观察术后视力改善程度及术中、术后并发症。结果:术后随访3～24(平均8.5)mo。51眼(75%)术后视力维持或改善,17眼(25%)视力下降,其中无光感6眼(9%);术中并发症为医源性视网膜裂孔15眼(22%);术后并发症:前房炎性反应30眼(44%),玻璃体积血11眼(16%),复发性视网膜脱离3眼(4%),虹膜红变5眼(7%),新生血管性青光眼2眼(3%);31眼(46%)术后需要继续眼内光凝。结论:玻璃体切除联合晶状体超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术治疗PDR,可使大多数患者的视力改善,手术是安全的,手术成功的关键为选择合适的患者,影响术后视力的主要因素为视网膜病变程度。     

增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变的手术治疗--玻璃体切除联合晶状体超声乳化吸出术

目的　评价玻璃体手术联合晶状体乳化吸出术治疗增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变的临床效果。方法　回顾性分析3 8例 (4 1眼 )行玻璃体切除联合晶状体乳化吸出术的伴有白内障的增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变的临床资料 ,其中 3 7眼同期植入后房型人工晶状体。结果　术后随访 3～ 5 5月 ,平均 (12± 10 6)月。 2 7眼 (65 9% )术后视力改善。术中无并发症发生。术后并发症有 :前房炎性反应 3眼 (7 3 % ) ,玻璃体积血 5眼 (12 2 % ) ,复发性视网膜脱离 3眼 (7 3 % ) ,新生血管性青光眼 4眼(9 8% )。 14眼术后需要进一步治疗 ,包括眼内光凝、玻璃体手术和青光眼滤过手术。结论　玻璃体切除联合晶状体乳化吸出术治疗增生性糖尿病性视网膜病变 ,可使大多数患者的视力改善 ,手术是安全的     

不同晶状体状态对增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变疗效的影响

目的 探讨不同晶状体状态对增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变手术疗效的影响.方法 对30例(30只眼)行晶状体、玻璃体联合手术与38例(56只眼)行单纯玻璃体切除治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者的临床资料进行对比分析.结果 随访6～21月,两组患者术后视力均较术前不同程度地提高,但差异无显著性.有晶状体眼组视网膜一次复位率87.50%(14/16),无和(或)假晶状体眼组视网膜一次复位率92.30%(12/13).术中并发症两组发生率接近,无统计学意义.术后并发症:有晶状体眼组2只眼(0.04%)而无和(或)假晶状体眼组4只眼(0.11%)发生角膜水肿.无和(或)假晶状体眼组前房渗出6只眼,虹膜后粘连2只眼,虹膜新生血管5只眼,而有晶状体眼组无一例发生.有晶状体眼组再次手术7只眼(13.72%).无和(或)假晶状体眼组再次手术3只眼(8.57%).结论 联合手术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变安全有效,可早期恢复患者的视力,提高视网膜复位率.但术后前房炎症反应、虹膜后粘连、虹膜新生血管及眼压升高等并发症较高,需严格掌握手术适应证.     

玻璃体切除联合白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入术后并发症分析

目的 探讨玻璃体切除术联合向内障超声乳化吸除和人工晶状体植入术的有效性和安全性.方法 回顾性分析2000年1月至2007年12月施行联合手术的玻璃体视网膜病变患者81例(82只眼).其中男33例(33只眼),女48例(49只眼),年龄26-78岁,平均57岁;术后随访8～58个月,平均26个月.对术后并发症进行了分析.结果 术后视力提高有55只眼(67.07%);视力不变25只眼(30.49%),视力下降2只眼(2.44%).术后主要并发症包括角膜轻度水肿10只眼(12.20%);暂时性眼压升高26只眼(31.70%);前房渗出12只眼(14.63%);虹膜后粘连6只眼(7.32%);玻璃体再出血5只服(6.10%);视网膜脱离3只眼(3.66%);新生血管性青光眼6只眼(7.32%);术后6个月至2年后囊膜混浊12只眼(14.63%).结论 联合手术及折叠式人工晶体植入治疗伴有白内障的玻璃体视网膜病变是安全有效的方法,术后较快地恢复视力,术后并发症大多数轻微,但糖尿病玻璃体视网膜病变术后并发症相对较多.     

非接触广角镜在人工晶状体眼玻璃体切割术中应用

目的探讨非接触广角手术系统应用于人工晶状体眼玻璃体视网膜手术中临床效果和使用技巧。方法收集46例(46只眼)人工晶状体植入术后的玻璃体视网膜病变患者,在非接触广角手术系统下进行玻璃体视网膜手术。观察手术时间,手术前后视力改善情况,术中、术后并发症等。结果所有患者均能顺利完成手术,手术时间为50～80 min,平均(63.84±11.13)min。术中发生医源性视网膜裂孔3只眼,视网膜出血5只眼。术后角膜水肿4只眼,前房出血3只眼,高眼压5只眼。术后随访3～12个月,平均(7.8±3.9)个月,随访未见眼前部增生性玻璃体视网膜病变。眼内再出血2只眼,视网膜脱离复发2只眼。随访未见其他严重术后并发症。术前视力:视力≥0.3者4只眼;0.3>视力≥0.1者10只眼;0.1>视力≥0.01者22只眼;视力<0.01者10眼。术后视力:视力≥0.3者10眼;0.3>视力≥0.1者16只眼;0.1>视力≥0.01者20只眼,术后视力显著升高,差别有统计学意义。结论采用非接触广角观察系统进行人工晶状体眼玻璃体视网膜手术可以获得足够良好的视野,可以减少手术并发症,提高手术成功率,是安全、有效的手术方法。     

联合手术治疗合并白内障的玻璃体视网膜病变

目的:探讨玻璃体视网膜病变合并白内障患者的玻璃体手术中,同期行白内障超声乳化摘除术的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析合并有白内障的玻璃体视网膜病变患者37例(40眼),实施玻璃体切割联合晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入手术,观察术后视力改善程度及术中术后并发症。结果:术后随访3~24mo,其中29眼(72%)视力有不同程度的改善,不变8眼(20%),下降3眼(8%);术后视力低下者主要原因为黄斑病变。结论:玻璃体切割联合晶状体超声乳化术治疗合并不同程度白内障玻璃体视网膜病变是安全有效的,可使患者视力改善,避免玻璃体切除术后并发白内障再次手术。     

有晶状体眼的全玻璃体切除术

目的 :探讨有晶状体眼切除全玻璃体的可能性及其效果。方法 :对 4 8例 ( 50只 )有晶状体眼患者 ,做标准经睫状体平部三通道玻璃体切除术 ,同时将基底部和睫状体平部玻璃体一起切除。其中裂孔性视网膜脱离 1 4只眼 (包括巨大裂孔 3只眼 ) ,闭合性眼外伤 4只眼和开放性眼外伤 1 1只眼 (包括化脓性眼内炎 2只眼 ) ,黄斑部疾病 7只眼 ,各种原因玻璃体出血 5只眼 ,静脉周围炎 4只眼 ,急性视网膜坏死综合征 3只眼 ,糖尿病性视网膜病变 2只眼。手术后定期检查视力、眼球前段、眼底和眼压 ,最后复诊时用压陷三面镜检查并在再次手术中探查睫状体平部。结果 :充分全玻璃体切除 38只眼 ,部分全玻璃体切除 1 2只眼。无巩膜穿刺孔玻璃体嵌顿和轻度嵌顿者占 86 % ,未发生前段增生性玻璃体视网膜病变。无咬伤晶状体和睫状体并发症。一次手术成功率是 90 % ,再次视网膜和玻璃体手术总的成功率是 94 % ,患者视力较术前明显提高 (P <0 .0 5)。主要并发症是医源性视网膜裂孔、角膜上皮水肿、巩膜穿刺孔并发症、青光眼、视网膜再脱离和术中术后白内障。结论 :有晶状体眼全玻璃体切除术切实可行 ,能预防或减少与巩膜穿刺孔相关的并发症和前段增生性玻璃体视网膜病变。     

高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离玻璃体手术治疗分析

目的探讨玻璃体视网膜手术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的效果。方法对27例(27只眼)高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离患者采用玻璃体切除联合惰性气体或硅油填充术,术后随访时间3个月~24个月,平均10个月。结果27只眼中惰性气体填充22只眼,硅油填充5只眼,初次手术视网膜复位成功24只眼(24/27),成功率88.9%。3只眼视网膜脱离复发,2只眼再次手术。所有视网膜复位成功患者的视力均有不同程度提高。术后主要并发症有晶状体后囊混浊及继发性青光眼。结论玻璃体视网膜手术是治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离安全有效的手术方法。     

超声乳化、囊袋内人工晶状体植入联合玻璃体切割术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变

目的:评价晶状体超声乳化、囊袋内人工晶状体植入联合玻璃体切割术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析了33例(41眼)行晶状体超声乳化、后房型人工晶状体植入、玻璃体切割联合手术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者的病程、视力及手术并发症等临床资料。结果:41眼均为囊袋内植入人工晶状体,后囊膜完整。41眼中36眼(88%)视力提高,视力>0.05者占73%(30/41),>0.2者占46%(19/41),平均随访时间9mo。31眼术前未接受过眼内激光治疗,术中行全视网膜光凝。5眼术后玻璃体再次出血,1眼术后视网膜脱离复发,其中4眼再次行玻璃体视网膜手术。结论:晶状体超声乳化、囊袋内人工晶状体植入联合玻璃体切割术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变是安全有效的,有利于保持血—房水屏障,减少术后虹膜红变,早期恢复患者视力,避免再次白内障手术或二期人工晶状体植入。     

玻璃体切割联合手术治疗严重眼外伤的临床观察

目的：探讨玻璃体切割联合手术治疗严重眼外伤的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析我院自2011-01以来收治的经玻璃体切割联合手术治疗的严重眼外伤患者30例31眼。结果：患者31眼中术后视力提高24眼,术前无光感12眼中术后视力不变2眼,光感2眼,手动3眼,指数4眼,1眼恢复为0.1;6眼球内异物的异物取出率为100%,炎症控制好;18眼复杂视网膜脱离,15眼成功复位,视网膜复位率为83%;14眼外伤性白内障或晶状体脱位,玻璃体手术后12眼行人工晶状体植入术,晶状体植入率为86%。结论：严重眼外伤包括术前无光感眼,经过恰当的玻璃体手术联合相应的治疗措施,可以最大限度保留患者的眼球及挽救患者的视功能。     

Long-term results of vitreous surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy

In order to study long-term anatomical and functional results the authors evaluated the data from 260 patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Indications for surgery were: vitreous hemorrhage, 68 eyes (26.2%); vitreous hemorrhage & tractional retinal detachment, 84 eyes (32.3%); tractional retinal detachment, 82 eyes (31.5%); and combined tractional-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 26 eyes (10%). In 118 eyes vitreoretinal surgery was combined with silicone-oil tamponade.The retina was completely attached posterior to a scleral buckle in 251 eyes (96%) at the time of the last examination. After a follow-up period of at least 12 months in a group of patients with vitreous hemorrhage, visual acuity improved in 88% of the eyes. Visual acuity was better than 0.5 in 31% of eyes. In group of eyes with nonresorbing vitreous hemorrhage & tractional retinal detachment visual acuity improved in 52% of eyes. Visual acuity improved in 76% of eyes with tractional retinal detachment and in 81% of eyes with combined tractional & rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. When comparing the latest postoperative visual acuity to visual acuity after three months postoperatively, visual acuity was unchanged in 88%, in 10% it became worse and in 3 cases (1%) became better. In the postoperative period, recurrent vitreous hemorrhage occurred in 33 (13%) eyes, reproliferation in 12 eyes.Cataract developed in 45 of 168 phakic eyes. If postoperative visual acuity before cataract formation was good, extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was performed. Otherwise simple intra or extracapsular cataract extraction was performed. In 19 cases cataract operation was performed together with silicone oil extraction. Neovascular glaucoma developed postoperatively in 15 eyes (6%). Retinal detachment occurred postoperatively in 21 eyes (8%). In 15 eyes the retina was successfully reattached after additional operations.     

Combined cataract surgery and vitrectomy for recurrent retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To report our experience with combined cataract surgery, posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy in the management of recurrent retinal detachment (RD) and visually significant cataract. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of patients with cataract and recurrent RD who underwent combined cataract extraction, posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy between January 1991 and September 1998 at the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. Sixteen eyes were included. All eyes had visually significant cataract and had undergone primary repair of the RD with encircling scleral buckle; eight eyes also had undergone pars plana vitrectomy during the primary repair. The technique of cataract extraction included phacoemulsification (10 eyes), extracapsular cataract extraction (5 eyes), and pars plana lensectomy (1 eye). All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy, membrane peeling, fluid-air exchange, endolaser treatment, and placement of a retinal tamponade. Perfluoropropane (C3F8) gas was used in 14 eyes, and silicone oil was placed in two eyes. RESULTS: The postoperative follow-up interval ranged from 4 to 64 months (mean, 16 months). Preoperative visual acuity ranged from 20/60 to hand motions and was better than 20/200 in 3 (19%) eyes. Postoperatively, 9 (56%) eyes improved to better than 20/200. Anatomic success was achieved after the initial reoperation in 13 (81 %) eyes. With further surgery, the overall success rate was 94%. CONCLUSIONS: Combined cataract surgery, posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy in selected patients with cataract and recurrent RD was successful in improving visual acuity and achieving retinal reattachment in most of these reoperated patients.     

透明晶状体置换术治疗高度近视的临床研究

目的 探讨透明晶状体超声乳化吸出术联合人工晶状体植入术矫治高度近视的有效性及安全性。方法 对48例（60眼）高度近视行透明晶状体超声乳化术联合低度数或负度数后房人工晶状体植入术。观察术后视力,术中和术后并发症。结果 所有病例术后裸眼视力均优于或等于术前最好矫正视力,术前最好矫正视力≥0.5者28眼（46.67%）;术后裸眼视力≥0.5者40眼（66.67%）。术中除1例发生后囊破裂,人工晶状体植入睫状沟外,其余均植入囊袋内。术后观察6-18月无角膜水肿失代偿、视网膜脱离等严重的远期并发症。结论 透明晶状体超声乳化吸出联合后房人工晶状体植入术矫治高度近视,是1种安全、有效的手术方法。具有术后视力恢复好,屈光状态稳定,并发症少,远期疗效可靠的优点。     

Retinal detachment rate after vitrectomy for retained lens material after phacoemulsification

PURPOSE: To report the rate of retinal detachment after vitrectomy for retained intravitreal lens material after phacoemulsification using specific vitrectomy techniques designed to minimize retinal detachment. DESIGN: Consecutive, interventional case series. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 100 consecutive eyes (one surgeon) of 100 patients undergoing vitrectomy for retained lens material after phacoemulsification and followed up for 3 months or longer unless an outcome event had occurred. Vitrectomy techniques employed to minimize the frequency of retinal detachment included inducing posterior vitreous detachment with maximal vitreous removal before phacofragmentation to avoid vitreous trauma, lens fragment debulking before fragmentation, use of low energy with high aspiration during removal of retained lens material, and intraoperative indirect ophthalmoscopic evaluation of the retinal periphery with scleral indentation to diagnose and treat intraoperative retinal breaks. The main outcome measures included prevalence of coexisting retinal detachment in eyes with retained lens material, incidence of retinal detachment or retinal breaks after vitrectomy for removal of retained lens material, and final visual acuity. RESULTS: The prevalence of previtrectomy retinal detachment was 4%; the incidence of postvitrectomy retinal detachment was 4%; the final visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 53%. One patient had a retinal break recognized during vitrectomy and was treated with retinocryopexy, but postoperative retinal detachment developed from a separate break. Three others were treated during vitrectomy for retinal breaks (including two with known preexisting breaks) and did not have any retinal detachment. Poor previtrectomy visual acuity (hand motions) was a risk factor for postvitrectomy retinal detachment. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of retinal detachment reported after vitrectomy for retained lens material after phacoemulsification can be minimized to approximately the rate expected with cataract extraction complicated by vitreous loss by employing standard surgical techniques. Higher risk eyes may benefit from more frequent postvitrectomy examinations.     

Silicone oil in the surgical treatment of traumatic endophthalmitis

PURPOSE: To explore the effects of vitrectomy combined with silicone oil injection in the treatment of traumatic endophthalmitis without retinal detachment, and analyze the relative factors. METHODS: Eighteen eyes of 18 patients with traumatic endophthalmitis and without retinal detachment received the treatment of vitrectomy combined with silicone oil filling. Silicone oil removal combined with intraocular lens implantations were performed in all eyes 6 months postoperatively. The visual acuity was measured by logMAR values. Preoperative visual acuity ranged from light perception to 0.1. The mean preoperative intraocular pressure was 9 mmHg with a range from 5 to 25 mmHg. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 43 months with a mean of 18 months. RESULTS: The postoperative visual acuity ranged from light perception to 0.8 at the last follow-up examination. The visual acuity increased in 15 eyes (83%), and was stable in 3 eyes (17%). The mean postoperative intraocular pressure was 17 mmHg with a range from 10 to 20 mmHg, and was significantly higher than preoperatively (p<0.05). There was no retinal detachment or ocular atrophy. Postoperative complications mainly included fibrosis exudates in the anterior chamber (18 eyes) and temporary intraocular pressure elevation (3eyes). CONCLUSIONS: Under treatment with systemic antibiotics, vitrectomy combined with silicone oil filling may be a reasonable alternative to standard endophthalmitis treatment using intravitreal antibiotics.     

冷超声乳化联合玻璃体切除术治疗白内障合并眼后节病变临床疗效观察

目的:探讨冷超声乳化联合玻璃体切除术的临床应用疗效。方法:对98例106眼白内障合并眼后节病变的患者进行冷超声乳化联合玻璃体切除手术。术后观察视力、人工晶状体植入率和手术并发症。结果:术后1wk;3mo绝大多数患者的视力均有不同程度提高,人工晶状体植入率为75.5%,术后可出现继发性青光眼、后发性白内障、葡萄膜炎、玻璃体再出血及视网膜脱离等不良并发症。结论:冷超声乳化联合玻璃体切除术是治疗白内障合并眼后节病变的有效治疗手段,他可替代超声粉碎技术进行晶状体摘除。     

增殖型糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切割手术后的视力及影响因素

作者分析增殖型糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy，PDR)合并严重玻璃体出血、黄斑部视网膜前出血、牵拉性视网膜脱离、牵拉性视网膜脱离并发孔源性视网膜脱离共81只眼进行玻璃体切割手术的结果。83.9%的患眼手术后视力获得不同程度的改善，PDR的严重程度对手术后视力有一定的影响，V期患者手术后出血率较高。虹膜红变的发生率与PDR的严重程度无关，但晶体切割眼的虹膜红变发生率高于有晶体眼。手术后视网膜脱离和出血不吸收均可导致虹膜红变的发生。 （中华眼底病杂志，1995，11：216-218）     

玻璃体切除联合手术治疗复杂眼外伤的临床观察

目的 评价玻璃体切除联合手术治疗复杂眼外伤的临床治疗效果。方法 复杂眼外伤32例（32眼）采用玻璃体切除术联合眼内异物摘出、白内障摘出或视网膜脱离复位等手术。结果 术后随访6个月,视力提高者29眼（90．63％）,术后视力0．01—0．6,其中视力≥0．1者21眼（65．62％）。术中、术后无严重并发症发生。结论 玻璃体切除联合手术治疗复杂眼外伤效果较好、并发症少。