垂体后叶素联合酚妥拉明治疗支气管扩张并大咯血的临床疗效观察

目的观察垂体后叶素联合酚妥拉明治疗支气管扩张并大咯血的临床疗效。方法选取2013年6月—2016年3月南通市通州区人民医院呼吸内科收治的支气管扩张并大咯血患者50例,采用硬币投掷法分为对照组和观察组,每组25例。两组患者入院后均给予抗感染、镇静、止咳及吸氧等常规治疗,对照组患者在常规治疗基础上给予垂体后叶素静脉滴注,观察组患者在常规治疗基础上给予垂体后叶素联合酚妥拉明静脉滴注。比较两组患者临床疗效、咯血时间、总咯血量及不良反应发生率。结果观察组患者临床疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。观察组患者咯血时间短于对照组,总咯血量低于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论垂体后叶素联合酚妥拉明治疗支气管扩张并大咯血的临床疗效优于单用垂体后叶素,可有效缩短咯血时间、降低总咯血量,且不良反应发生率较低。     

酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗支气管扩张咯血的疗效分析

目的探讨酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗支气管扩张咯血的临床效果。方法将我院收治的64例支气管咯血患者,随机分为对照组和观察组。观察组与对照组均行抗感染、止咳、镇静等对症支持治疗,对照组在对症支持治疗的基础上加用垂体后叶素治疗,观察组在对症支持治疗的基础上加用垂体后叶素和酚妥拉明治疗。分析两组治疗效果及不良反应发生情况。结果对照组总有效率为78.1%,观察组总有效率为93.8%。观察组总有效率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组治疗过程中1例患者有胸闷表现,1例患者有腹痛表现;观察组1例患者有头痛表现,1例患者有胸闷表现。观察组与对照组不良反应发生情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组咯血缓解时间优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论支气管扩张咯血患者采用酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗,疗效好、使用方便、不良反应少,值得临床推广应用。     

垂体后叶素联合酚妥拉明治疗肺结核咯血的疗效观察

目的探讨分析垂体后叶素联合酚妥拉明治疗肺结核咯血的疗效及安全性。方法选取2014年1月至2018年1月惠东县多祝镇卫生院呼吸内科收治的肺结核咯血患者74例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组37例。两组患者均进行常规抗结核治疗。在此基础上,对照组患者给予垂体后叶素注射液治疗,观察组患者在对照组治疗的基础上给予酚妥拉明治疗。两组患者均连续治疗7 d,比较两组患者的临床疗效、咯血停止时间、不良反应发生情况以及生活质量评分。结果观察组患者的治疗总有效率(94. 59%)显著高于对照组(70. 27%),临床疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。观察组患者咯血停止时间显著短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。治疗7 d后,两组患者生活质量各维度评分均显著提高,观察组各维度评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。观察组患者的不良反应发生率(5. 41%)显著低于对照组(27. 03%),差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论垂体后叶素联合酚妥拉明治疗,可显著提高肺结核咯血患者的临床治疗效果,改善临床症状,降低不良反应发生率,提高生活质量。     

酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗支气管扩张并大咯血

目的观察支气管扩张并大咯血应用酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗的临床疗效。方法选取我院2009年5月~2013年2月收治的90例支气管扩张并大咯血患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为治疗组30例与对照组60例,分别给予酚妥拉明+垂体后叶素和垂体后叶素治疗,比较两组患者临床疗效。结果治疗组治疗总有效率高于对照组,但无明显差异(x2=2.265,P0.05),治疗组显效率显著高于对照组(x=11.054,P0.01),具有统计学差异。治疗组治疗2h完全止血6例,4 h完全止血15例,8 h完全止血8例,8 h后止血率为96.7%;对照组治疗2 h完全止血9例,4 h完全止血18例,8 h完全止血23例,8 h后止血率为83.3%。治疗组8 h止血率显著高于对照组(x2=8.236,P0.01)。结论酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗支气管扩张并大咯血止血效果佳,但应用过程中应注意相关不良反应情况,做好各项监测工作。     

酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗支气管扩张并大咯血简

目的 观察支气管扩张并大咯血应用酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗的临床疗效.方法 选取我院2009年5月~2013年2月收治的90例支气管扩张并大咯血患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为治疗组30例与对照组60例,分别给予酚妥拉明＋垂体后叶素和垂体后叶素治疗,比较两组患者临床疗效.结果 治疗组治疗总有效率高于对照组,但无明显差异（2=2.265,P〉0.05）,治疗组显效率显著高于对照组（=11.054,P〈0.01）,具有统计学差异.治疗组治疗2h完全止血6例,4 h完全止血15例,8 h完全止血8例,8 h后止血率为96.7%;对照组治疗2 h完全止血9例,4 h完全止血18例,8 h完全止血23例,8 h后止血率为83.3%.治疗组8 h止血率显著高于对照组（2=8.236,P〈0.01）.结论 酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗支气管扩张并大咯血止血效果佳,但应用过程中应注意相关不良反应情况,做好各项监测工作.     

硝普钠联合垂体后叶素治疗肺结核大咯血的疗效观察

目的观察和比较硝普钠联合垂体后叶素治疗肺结核大咯血的临床疗效。方法52例肺结核大咯血患者随机分为两组,对照组（n=26）仅采用垂体后叶素治疗,观察组（n=26）则采用硝普钠联合垂体后叶素治疗。观察和比较两组患者的临床疗效和不良反应。结果观察组治疗总有效率（92．3％）明显高于对照组（73．1％）（P〈0．05）;观察组止血时间明显较对照组缩短（P〈0．05）;两组不良反应发生率比较无明显差异性（38．5％,46．2％,P〉0．05）。结论硝普钠联合垂体后叶素治疗肺结核大咯血疗效显著,不良反应少,值得临床推广应用。     

酚妥拉明联合垂体后叶素治疗肺结核咯血临床观察

目的探讨酚妥拉明与垂体后叶素联合治疗肺结核咯血的效果。方法选择我院收治的80例肺结核咯血患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组采用酚妥拉明和垂体后叶素联合治疗,对照组采用垂体后叶素治疗,观察两组的治疗效果、咯血停止的时间及副作用。结果治疗组显效率和总有效率分别为62．5％和90％,高于对照组的40％和70％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;治疗组咯血停止时间为（1．12±0．51）d,对照组为（2．57±0．60）d,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;治疗组副作用发生率为5％,对照组发生率为35％,高于治疗组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论酚妥拉明与垂体后叶素联用,既能协同止血、减少咯血时间而提高疗效,而且副作用较少,值得临床推广使用。     

持续微量泵输注与分次静脉滴注垂体后叶素治疗老年支气管扩张伴中等量咯血的疗效观察

目的评价持续微量泵静脉输注和常规分次静脉滴注垂体后叶素治疗老年支气管扩张症伴中等量咯血的疗效。方法 34例应用垂体后叶素持续微量泵静脉输注治疗的咯血病人为治疗组,并把同期应用常规分次静脉滴注治疗的36例咯血病人设为对照组,观察和比较2组疗效及不良反应。结果治疗5 d后,治疗组显效率为79.41%,总有效率为94.12%;对照组显效率为55.56%,总有效率为75.00%。2组显效率及总有效率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗组出现胸闷、心悸、腹痛、便意、血压升高不良反应者较对照组少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论垂体后叶素持续微量泵静脉输注治疗老年支气管扩张症伴中等量咯血比分次静脉滴注治疗的疗效明显提高,不良反应明显减少。     

肺结核并大咯血68例血管介入栓塞治疗分析

目的观察比较用支气管动脉立止血灌注加栓塞术与垂体后叶素联合立止血治疗肺结核并大咯血的疗效。方法将68例肺结核并咯血患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组采用垂体后叶素加立止血治疗;治疗组采用支气管动脉立止血灌注加栓塞术治疗,比较观察两组的疗效。结果治疗组显效率为64.7%,对照组为20.6%;治疗组总有效率为88.2%,对照组为58.8%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(x~2=7.556,P=0.006)。对照组不良反应发生率明显高于治疗组(x~2=11.103,P=0.001)。结论支气管动脉立止血灌注加栓塞术治疗肺结核并大咯血优于垂体后叶素联合立止血的治疗。     

应用支气管动脉栓塞术治疗支气管扩张咯血9例分析

支气管扩张所致咯血，咯血量大、病情重，可危及生命，须及时治疗。近来，我们对临床上应用垂体后叶素或普鲁卡因联合止血剂，疗效不佳患者，采用支气管动脉栓塞术治疗支气管扩张并咯血9例，疗效显著，现报告如下。     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.