角膜内皮炎药物治疗后内皮细胞的观察

目的探讨角膜内皮炎对角膜内皮细胞数量和形态的影响。方法选择角膜内皮炎患者20例（20眼）,其中盘状型13例,弥漫型7例。入院后常规给予抗病毒药物及皮质类固醇激素眼水。应用角膜内皮镜于治愈后4～6周观察角膜内皮细胞的密度、六边形细胞的比例及变异系数的变化,并以健眼为对照组。结果治疗组角膜内皮细胞的密度较对照组明显降低,六边形细胞所占的比例降低,而变异系数增加;弥漫型内皮炎组与盘状型内皮炎组比较,细胞密度降低,六边形细胞所占的比例降低,变异系数增加。结论角膜内皮炎对角膜内皮细胞造成损害,导致明显的内皮细胞数量和形态改变,不同分型之间存在区别。     

2型糖尿病患者角膜厚度和内皮细胞形态学的初步研究

目的　研究 2型糖尿病患者角膜厚度和内皮细胞形态学的变化。方法　采用角膜测厚仪和非接触式角膜内皮镜对 60例 ( 60眼 ) 2型糖尿病患者及 60例 ( 60眼 )健康志愿者的角膜厚度及内皮细胞形态进行比较研究 ;并采用逐步回归分析方法研究全身因素对角膜内皮细胞密度及角膜厚度的影响。结果　糖尿病患者较正常人角膜内皮细胞密度降低 ,细胞面积变异系数增加 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。角膜厚度两组间差异无显著性。增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者较单纯性糖尿病视网膜病变患者角膜内皮细胞密度显著降低 (P <0 .0 5 )。糖尿病患者血浆糖化血红蛋白水平与角膜内皮细胞密度负相关 (r=-0 .761,P <0 .0 1)。无一全身因素与角膜厚度相关。结论　糖尿病患者角膜内皮细胞形态结构异常 ,且随糖尿病视网膜病变的加重而加重。糖尿病患者在内眼手术及眼外伤手术时应特别注意保护角膜内皮 ,防止角膜内皮功能失代偿。     

LASEK对角膜内皮细胞的影响

目的:评价准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术(LASEK)对中央角膜内皮细胞的影响。方法:选择无配戴接触镜史的-6.00￣-19.00D[(-9.56±3.44)D]高度近视患者49例(90只眼)进行LASEK治疗,按照角膜切削面距离角膜内皮层厚度分为两组,组1:35眼为275￣300μm,组2:55眼为300μm以上,各组患眼于术前和术后1、4、12周观察和分析中央角膜内皮的细胞密度(CCD)、变异系数和六角型细胞百分比。结果:LASEK手术前后角膜内皮细胞密度,变异系数差异均无显著性意义(P>0.05),上述两项指标的变化与切削深度不存在统计学的相关性;LASEK术后六角型细胞百分比显著下降(P<0.05),其下降程度与角膜切削深度呈现显著正相关(P<0.001);上述三项指标的变化与切削面距离内皮层厚度不存在统计学的相关性。结论:LASEK术后早期对中央部角膜内皮细胞产生可观察到的影响,表现为细胞形态的改变,其对角膜内皮细胞的远期影响有待进一步的观察。     

白内障超声乳化术对2型糖尿病患者角膜内皮细胞的影响

目的:探讨白内障超声乳化摘除术联合人工晶状体植入术对2型糖尿病患者角膜内皮细胞的损伤情况.方法:本文为前瞻性研究,选取30名2型糖尿病患者为实验组,同时选取年龄相当的30名非糖尿病患者作为对照组.分别在术前、术后3个月检测两组患者的角膜内皮细胞密度、角膜内皮细胞大小变异系数、六边形细胞百分比及中央角膜厚度,并应用SPSS统计软件进行统计学分析.结果:术后3个月实验组的角膜内皮细胞密度减少268.8个/mm2(10.9%),对照组减少73.58个/mm2(3.1%),两组之间差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000).六边形细胞百分比较对照组低,中央角膜厚度较对照组厚,且差异均具有统计学意义,两组患者的细胞变异系数之间无差异.结论:白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术后3月,糖尿病患者的角膜内皮细胞损失较非糖尿病患者严重,且恢复慢,故对于将行白内障手术的糖尿病患者,术前应行角膜内皮细胞检查,严格掌握手术适应证.术中注意操作技巧,减少对角膜内皮的损伤.     

角膜内皮细胞在不同病程糖尿病患者白内障术后的变化

目的探讨糖尿病患者白内障超生乳化手术后角膜内皮细胞的变化规律及病程长短对术后角膜内皮的影响。方法选取合并糖尿病的白内障患者67例95眼,根据病程长短分为两组,其中〉10组（糖尿病病程长于10年）39例54眼,〈10组（糖尿病病程短于10年）28例41眼,另选取单纯老年性白内障患者34例47眼作为对照组。所有患者均行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术,术前及术后1周、1、3个月行角膜内皮细胞密度、六角形细胞比率、变异系数检查。结果三组比较,术前内皮细胞密度无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,六角形细胞比例和变异系数差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;术后各时期〉10组、〈10组内皮细胞密度、六边形细胞比例均低于对照组（P〈0.05）,变异系数高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论白内障超生乳化手术对角膜内皮有一定的损伤,在糖尿病的患者表现更为明显,且与糖尿病病程长短有关。     

经巩膜睫状体光凝术对角膜内皮的影响

目的观察经巩膜睫状体光凝术对角膜内皮细胞的影响。方法以810 nm半导体激光经巩膜睫状体光凝,术后随访患者的眼压、视力、症状及用药情况,分别于术前1 d,于术后1月、3月、6月应用角膜内皮显微镜检查角膜部细胞密度、变异系数、六边形细胞百分率。结果与巩膜睫状体光凝术前比较,术后1、3、6月角膜内皮细胞密度均减少,六边形细胞百分率增加,变异系数增大均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1月与术后3、6月比较角膜内皮细胞密度减少,六边形细胞百分率增加,变异系数增大且以上变化均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3月与术后6月比较,各参数变化无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论经巩膜睫状体光凝术对角膜内皮有一定的损伤。     

超声乳化白内障摘除术与小切口白内障摘除术对角膜内皮细胞影响的对比研究

目的 通过观察超声乳化白内障摘除手术和小切口白内障摘除术对角膜内皮细胞的数量和形态学(变异系数、六角形细胞比例)以及中央角膜厚度的变化,分析两种手术方式对角膜内皮细胞的安全性。 方法 分析2015年1—12月就诊于蚌埠医学院第一附属医院的共200例白内障患者,分为2组,所有患者均接受6周的随访。超声乳化组患者100例,接受超声乳化白内障手术;小切口组患者100例,接受小切口白内障摘除术。对比2组患者术前、术后各时期中央角膜厚度、内皮细胞密度、变异系数及六角形细胞比例变化情况。 结果 术前、术后6周2组患者中央角膜厚度变化比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后1周,小切口组患者中央角膜厚度变化与超声乳化组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前、术后各时期,2组患者内皮细胞密度变化比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者各时期角膜内皮细胞面积变异系数及六角形细胞比例变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 2种手术方式均会造成不同程度的角膜内皮细胞丢失,但两者对角膜内皮细胞功能和形态学的影响无显著差异。而术前详细的检查,术中精细、熟练的操作以及术后精心的观察治疗,是减少白内障患者角膜内皮细胞丢失的关键。      

近视青少年配戴角膜塑形镜3年疗效及安全性评估

目的探讨配戴角膜塑形镜（orthokeratology lens,OK镜）3年防控青少年近视的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析同济大学附属第十人民医院眼科视光学部2016年1月—2017年12月配戴OK镜3年的100例（200只眼）青少年近视患者的病历。按初次就诊时散瞳验光后的等效球镜度数（spherical equivalent refraction, SER）分组： A组（77只眼,-2.00 D≤SER≤-0.50 D）、B组（72只眼,-3.50 D≤SER<-2.00 D）和C组（51只眼,-5.00 D≤SER<-3.50 D）。记录、分析入选患者戴镜前、戴镜后1、2、3年的裸眼视力（uncorrected visual acuity, UCVA）、角膜曲率平坦值（flat kerotometry, FK）、眼轴长度(axial length, AL)、角膜中央厚度(central corneal thickness, CCT)、角膜内皮细胞密度及面积、角膜内皮六边形细胞比例及变异系数等。再将入选患者分成低年龄组和高年龄组,进一步观察各个年龄组患者的近视发展情况。结果3组患者戴镜1、2、3年后的UCVA均较戴镜前显著提高（P<0.01）。戴镜1、2、3年后,各组FK较戴镜前均有统计学差异（P<0.01）。戴镜后不同时间点的各组AL与戴镜前比较有统计学差异（P<0.01）;3年间,A组的AL增长值最大。低年龄组近视中速发展的占比高（60.61%）,而高年龄组近视缓慢发展的占比高（61.76%）。所有入选患者戴镜后的CCT、角膜内皮细胞密度及面积、角膜内皮六边形细胞比例及变异系数与戴镜前差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。戴镜3年间,A、B、C各组轻度角膜点状着染分别为6.49%、13.89%和9.80%。结论中长期配戴OK镜控制青少年近视发展是安全有效的,尤其对-5.00 D≤SER<-2.00 D的中高度近视、低年龄组效果更好。     

糖尿病患者角膜内皮细胞的形态学研究

目的研究2型糖尿病患者角膜内皮细胞的形态学改变.方法检测糖尿病患者45例63眼及非糖尿病患者12例21眼的角膜内皮细胞.结果与同年龄非糖尿病组比较,糖尿病患者角膜内皮正六边形细胞百分比明显下降;变异系数增大.随着糖尿病性视网膜病变的程度增加,角膜内皮细胞的变异系数逐渐增大,正六边形细胞百分比逐渐下降.结论糖尿病对角膜内皮细胞的影响主要以正六边形细胞百分比下降为主.     

糖尿病白内障超声乳化术后角膜内皮的变化研究

目的探讨白内障超声乳化对糖尿病患者角膜内皮细胞的影响。方法 104例白内障患者中分为糖尿病组:白内障合并糖尿病患者50例(68眼);对照组:白内障非糖尿病患者54例(64眼)。应用角膜内皮显微镜于术前及术后1天、1周、1月、3月测量角膜内皮细胞密度、变异系数,分析结果。结果两组中央角膜内皮细胞密度、内皮细胞变异系数及厚度手术前后各时间比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。但是在组内观察各个变量随时间的变化时显示,糖尿病病人的内皮细胞对损伤的反应及修复能力较无糖尿病病人差。结论糖尿病病人白内障术后角膜内皮细胞的改变主要表现为对损伤的反应及修复能力减弱。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.