MRI序列及三维重建在膝关节软骨损伤的诊断价值

目的观察脂肪抑制三维扰相梯度回波序列（FS-3D-SPGR）、FS-FSE-T2W序列及三维重建对软骨损伤的诊断价值。方法41个膝关节关节面共205个区域进入研究,MR检查至少包括FS-FSE-T2W、3D-FS-SPGR序列,对损伤进行分级。在工作站上采用HDMIP进行三维重建,其结果与关节镜对照。结果3D-FS-SPGR序列对软骨损伤显示的敏感度为89．47％,特异度为97．65％;FS-FSE-T2W序列的敏感度为78．57％,特异度为94．71％。结论3D-FS-SPGR能准确评价关节软骨的损伤程度,但对软骨下骨及骨髓损伤不敏感;FS-FSE-T2W能准确反应软骨下骨及骨髓损伤的程度及范围,二者结合是目前诊断软骨损伤的最佳扫描序列。关节软骨的三维重建图像能够较真实准确地显示软骨损伤的部位与范围。     

膝关节软骨病变的MRI表现与关节镜术后疗效相关性研究

目的:寻找MRI显示的膝关节软骨损伤程度和关节镜手术后疗效的相关性,为临床提供膝关节镜手术适应征的指导。方法:2005年8月至2008年4月用膝关节镜手术治疗膝骨性关节炎87例,男44例,女43例;年龄16～67岁,平均46.3岁。对患者膝关节软骨按ICRSMR分级标准进行分级,并进行Lysholm评分。结果:87例87膝均进行了术后随访,时间12～30个月,平均23个月。关节软骨损伤:4级30例,3级23例,2级20例,1级12例,0级2例,平均(2.770±1.138)级。术后Lysholm评分59～100分,平均(95.170±7.556)分。两者相关系数r=-0.152,P=0.1590.05,统计学分析无相关性,但有负相关趋势。结论:术前膝关节软骨的MRI(1.5T)分级不能作为关节镜手术指征判断的金标准,只是术前膝关节软骨的MRI(1.5T)分级高的患者术后疗效相对较差。     

低场MRI分级诊断膝关节软骨损伤

目的评价低场MRI分级对诊断膝关节软骨损伤的价值。方法回顾性分析60例(60膝,360处关节面)经关节镜证实的膝关节软骨损伤患者的MRI资料,以关节镜结果为金标准,评价低场MRI分级诊断软骨损伤的价值。结果低场MRI对膝关节软骨损伤的总敏感度、特异度和准确率分别为78.50%(157/200)、91.25%(146/160)和84.17%(303/360);诊断2~4级膝关节软骨损伤与关节镜无差异,对1级诊断有所差异。结论低场MRI对分级诊断膝关节2~4级软骨损伤的价值较高,而对1级损伤价值有限。     

骨性关节炎患者膝关节软骨损伤的关节镜与MRI诊断分级研究

[目的]提出关节镜及核磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)诊断骨性关节炎(osteoarthrisis,OA)患者膝关节软骨损伤的分级法,探讨MRI在诊断关节软骨损伤中的价值。[方法]回顾性分析行关节镜检查的123例骨性关节炎患者的膝关节术前MRI表现;按部位将膝关节软骨分为6处;根据形态和信号改变,结合损伤部位,将膝关节软骨损伤在关节镜与MRI的表现加以分析并分级;以关节镜所见为参考标准,计算MRI诊断各级软骨损伤的敏感性、特异性、准确性。[结果]在关节镜及MRI上,膝关节软骨损伤均可分为Ⅰ~Ⅳ级;在738处软骨中,损伤505处(68.43%),其中髌股关节最多,外侧胫股关节最少,且损伤以Ⅲ~Ⅳ级为主;关节镜与MRI判断软骨损伤差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=107.52,P<0.001)。MRI诊断软骨损伤总的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为70.10%、93.13%、77.37%。[结论]骨性关节炎患者膝关节软骨损伤在关节镜及MRI的表现可被分为4级;软骨损伤以髌股关节最多;MRI诊断骨性关节炎软骨损伤的特异性较高,但敏感性和准确性相对较低。     

MRI在膝关节半月板及关节软骨损伤中的应用价值研究

目的 探讨分析MRI在膝关节半月板及关节软骨损伤中的应用价值。方法 选取2020年1月至2022年12月于本院收治的51例无明显诱因下出现膝关节疼痛患者,均于本院行膝关节MRI及关节镜检查。根据膝关节半月板及关节软骨损伤分级标准,分析MRI诊断在膝关节半月板及关节软骨损伤中的准确性、灵敏性及特异性。结果 以关节镜检查结果为“金标准”,MRI诊断半月板撕裂损伤的准确性为88.24%(91/102,个)、灵敏性为90.00%(45/50,个)、特异性为88.46%(46/52,个)、阳性预测率为88.24%(45/51,例)、阴性预测率为90.20%(46/51,个)。MRI诊断关节软骨损伤中的准确性为89.54%(274/306,处)、灵敏性为92.92%(197/212,处)、特异性为81.91%(77/94,处)。结论MRI具有安全无创、多方位、多参数、无电离辐射及无骨伪影干扰等优势,且在膝关节半月板及关节软骨损伤中具有较高的诊断效能,可以作为评估患者半月板及关节软骨损伤程度的影像学检查。     

膝关节软骨人体标本解剖与磁共振成像的比较研究

目的 探讨膝关节尸体标本解剖与磁共振成像(MRI)三维序列-扰相梯度回波序列(3D-FS-SPGR)测量关节软骨厚度的差异,并分析软骨组织主要成分在关节软骨不同位置的差异.方法选用国人青壮年中等身材、无明显关节病变的成年男性尸体膝关节标本2具,首先进行3D-FS-SPGR序列矢状位扫描.复冻后按解剖部位进行矢状位解剖,分别对股骨及胫骨内、外髁负重区前、后面及髌骨面软骨厚度进行测量.关节软骨石蜡切片进行维多利亚蓝-丽春红复合染色并观察.结果 软骨尸体标本解剖与3D-FS-SPGR序列测得的膝关节软骨厚度:股骨外侧髁前负重面平均分别为2.25、2.25 mm,股骨外侧髁后负重面平均分别为2.70、2.75 mm,胫骨外侧髁前负重面平均分别为2.00、2.10 mm;胫骨外侧髁后负重而平均分别为2.35、2.25 mm,股骨内侧髁前负重面平均分别为2.20、2.20 mm,股骨内侧髁后负重面平均分别为2.15、2.30 mm,胫骨内侧髁前负重面半均分别为2.20、2.45mm,胫骨内侧髁后负重面平均分别为2.70、2.95 mm,髌骨面软骨平均分别为3.08、3.15 mm.软骨组织学染色显示:关节软骨表层胶原纤维含量相对较多,软骨细胞及其周围基质相对较少;在关节软骨深层,胶原纤维含量相对较少,而软骨及软骨周围基质相对较多.结论 3D-FS-SPGR序列能够相对真实地反映关节软骨的形态及厚度.胶原纤维主要集中在软骨表层,其分布与软骨的功能相一致.

Abstract：

Objective To compare corpse sampling and MR imaging with 3D-FS-SPGR sequences in measurement of the articular cartilage thickness and to investigate knee cartilage topography. Methods Two fresh specimens of the knee joint were obtained from 2 normal young adult male corpses of medium stature. MR1 scanning was carried on the 2 specimens in sagittal 3D-FS-SPGR MR sequences. After defrosted,the knee specimens were dissected longitudinally, and the cartilage thicknesses were measured at different locations of the knee joint. Paraffin sections of the knee cartilage were observed following compound staining with victoria blue and ponceau red. Results The average cartilage thicknesses measured by dissection and MR imaging sequence were respectively: 2. 25 mm and 2. 25 mm at the anterior weight-loading surface of the femoral lateral condyle, 2. 70 mm and 2. 75 mm at the posterior weight-loading surface of the femoral lateral condyle, 2. 00 mm and 2. 10 mm at the anterior weight-loading surface of the tibial lateral condyle,2. 35 mm and 2. 25 mm at the posterior weight-loading surface of the tibial lateral condyle, 2. 20 mm and 2. 20mm at the anterior weight-loading surface of the femoral medial condyle, 2. 15 mm and 2. 30 mm al the posterior weight-loading surface of the femoral medial condyle, 2. 20 mm and 2.45 mm at the anterior weight-loading surface of the tibial medial condyle, 2. 70 mm and 2. 95 mm at the posterior weight-loading surface of the tibial medial condyle and 3. 08 mm and 3. 15 mm at patella cartilage surface. Collagen fibers were rich at the periphery of the articular cartilage with sparse chondrocytes and matrixes, while the opposite was observed at the center of the articular cartilage. Conclusions MR imaging with 3D-FS-SPGR sequences can display the actual knee cartilage topography. Collagen fibers mainly concentrate at the periphery of the articular cartilage, which accounts for the function of the articular cartilage.     

肝细胞生长因子对膝关节软骨影响的临床意义

目的 研究前列腺素Ｅ２（ＰＧＥ２）参与关节软骨退变的进程机理,以及肝细胞生长因子（ＨＧＦ）对膝关节软骨损伤修复的作用机理。方法 对符合临床诊断标准的３０个膝关节,分别给予膝关节腔注射肝细胞生长因子,每天１次,每次２ｍｌ,观察ＰＧＥ２、尿中１型胶原（ｃｒｏｓｓｌａｐｓ）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ）以及临床症状的改善程度,并做了给药６周后与给药有的对比研究。结果 给药６周后ｃｒｏｓｓｌａｐｓ和ＰＧＥ２与给药     

磁共振膝关节腔内造影显示膝关节软骨性病变进展

膝关节的常用辅助检查方法有多种，为了更早期、更精确地诊断膝关节软骨性病变，有时需要使用磁共振膝关节腔内造影技术。本文综述该技术的研究进展。     

膝关节软骨缺损的治疗现状及研究进展

研究了解膝关节软骨缺损的治疗现状及研究进展。回顾已发表的软骨缺损相关文献,总结目前软骨缺损的治疗现状,结合本研究中心的相关研究,得出治疗软骨缺损的策略及相关进展。目前关节软骨缺损的治疗方法有:微骨折、软骨细胞移植术、骨软骨移植术和组织工程技术;功能磁共振在早期诊断软骨缺损、软骨退变中的相关研究正逐渐增多。目前软骨缺损仍然缺乏有效的治疗方法,组织工程技术为软骨缺损的治疗带来了新的希望;功能磁共振在早期诊断中具有一定意义。     

膝关节软骨人体标本解剖与磁共振成像的比较研究

目的 探讨膝关节尸体标本解剖与磁共振成像(MRI)三维序列-扰相梯度回波序列(3D-FS-SPGR)测量关节软骨厚度的差异,并分析软骨组织主要成分在关节软骨不同位置的差异.方法选用国人青壮年中等身材、无明显关节病变的成年男性尸体膝关节标本2具,首先进行3D-FS-SPGR序列矢状位扫描.复冻后按解剖部位进行矢状位解剖,分别对股骨及胫骨内、外髁负重区前、后面及髌骨面软骨厚度进行测量.关节软骨石蜡切片进行维多利亚蓝-丽春红复合染色并观察.结果 软骨尸体标本解剖与3D-FS-SPGR序列测得的膝关节软骨厚度:股骨外侧髁前负重面平均分别为2.25、2.25 mm,股骨外侧髁后负重面平均分别为2.70、2.75 mm,胫骨外侧髁前负重面平均分别为2.00、2.10 mm;胫骨外侧髁后负重而平均分别为2.35、2.25 mm,股骨内侧髁前负重面平均分别为2.20、2.20 mm,股骨内侧髁后负重面平均分别为2.15、2.30 mm,胫骨内侧髁前负重面半均分别为2.20、2.45mm,胫骨内侧髁后负重面平均分别为2.70、2.95 mm,髌骨面软骨平均分别为3.08、3.15 mm.软骨组织学染色显示:关节软骨表层胶原纤维含量相对较多,软骨细胞及其周围基质相对较少;在关节软骨深层,胶原纤维含量相对较少,而软骨及软骨周围基质相对较多.结论 3D-FS-SPGR序列能够相对真实地反映关节软骨的形态及厚度.胶原纤维主要集中在软骨表层,其分布与软骨的功能相一致.     

High resolution T21 mapping in assessment of knee articular cartilage on 3T MRI

ObjectiveTo evaluate the spectrum of T21 values in healthy cartilage of young asymptomatic adults on high resolution 3T MRI.MethodsA total of 50 asymptomatic adult volunteers with age ranging from 18 to 35 years were enrolled for the study with the purpose of assessing T21 values in healthy cartilage without any degenerative changes. The articular cartilage was assessed on two sections, one each through the medial and lateral compartments. The cartilage was segmented into 8 regions through the tibio-femoral and patella-femoral joints. Further post processing was done using multiple ROI placement to delineate ROI areas for calculation of full thickness and zonal (superficial and deep) T21 values. Thus, a total of 1200 ROI areas (50 volunteers, 8 segments, and 3 areas for each segment) were assessed.ResultsThe results revealed a superior bulk T21 value of 29.2 ± 3.6 ms from the posterior medial femoral cartilage and 26.1 ± 3.1 ms from the patellar region. Intermediate values were obtained from posterior lateral femoral cartilage, central femoral cartilage, and trochlea. The tibial plateau cartilage had the lowest values – 19.6 ± 2.6 ms for the medial tibial plateau and 20.6 ± 2.8 ms for lateral tibial plateau. The study demonstrated substantial regional physiological variation existing in the T21 values across various regions of the knee joint, which could be attributed to varying amounts of shearing forces across the joint. No significant differences were noted in bulk T21 values between the two genders, with only the trochlear segment revealing significantly increased values in males (p = 0.007). All the cartilage segments revealed significantly increased T21 values in the superficial zone as compared to the deep zone.ConclusionThere is a significant regional difference in the bulk T21 values of articular cartilage in a normal physiological state across various joint segments. A zonal gradient with increasing values from the deep to the superficial zone also exists. These findings can prove invaluable in assessing changes in T21 values occurring in diseased/degenerative cartilage.     

磁共振技术评估膝关节软骨退变研究进展

磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)扫描序列及参数的合理选择对清晰成像及临床研究结果的客观评价至关重要。全膝关节磁共振成像积分,波士顿利兹骨关节炎评分系统,MRI膝骨关节炎评分系统,膝骨关节炎软骨修复评分系统等全膝关节的半定量评分系统都能够全面评价膝骨关节炎进展时各组织的影像学改变。随着MRI技术的不断发展,关节软骨的形态学及生理成分的改变可以被定量评估。T2图、弥散加权成像、延迟动态增强成像等软骨成分的定量评估技术能定量监测软骨基质成分的变化,可以在关节软骨形态学破坏之前更早地发现软骨病变。这些定量、半定量评价技术有助于膝骨关节炎的早期诊断和早期预防,同时也为精确评价干预措施的疗效提供了可能。     

Side differences of knee joint cartilage volume,thickness, and surface area,and correlation with lower limb dominance--an MRI-based study

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypotheses that absolute side differences in knee joint cartilage morphology are substantially smaller than intersubject variability, and that systematic side differences are determined by (force) dominance of the lower limbs. METHODS: Fifteen healthy volunteers with definite dominance of one lower limb were studied. Knees were imaged sagittally with a validated, high-resolution MR sequence. Transverse MR images of the thigh and calf were acquired with a spin echo sequence. Knee joint cartilage volume, thickness and joint surface areas, as well as muscle cross sectional areas were determined with in house post-processing software. RESULTS: Absolute side differences amounted to 5.0+/-3.7% for the knee cartilage volume, 3.8+/-3.1% for cartilage thickness, and 3.4+/-1.7% for joint surface areas. The intersubject variability was 24.8%, 14.4%, and 14.1%, respectively. Volunteers with dominance of one of both lower limbs did not display significant side differences in cartilage morphology, but the side differences of the thigh musculature correlated positively with side differences of knee joint cartilage volume (r=+0.68; P< 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The results advocate the use of cartilage parameters from the contra-lateral limb for retrospectively estimating cartilage loss in patients with unilateral osteoarthritis (OA), and for determining local risk factors of OA in cross-sectional epidemiological studies, which are specific to pre-morbid cartilage morphology. Functional (force) dominance of one of both lower limbs does not explain side differences of articular cartilage morphology, but side differences are positively associated with side differences in muscle cross sectional areas.     

膝关节韧带损伤的MRI诊断

目的:分析膝关节韧带损伤的MRI表现及应用价值。方法:85例膝关节损伤患者,男56例,女29例,年龄14⁷0岁,平均39岁,均经手术或关节镜检查明确诊断,对所有患者的MRI进行回顾性分析。结果:MRI显示侧副韧带损伤77条、交叉韧带损伤81条。侧副韧带损伤分为轻、中、重度;交叉韧带损伤表现为不完全撕裂、完全撕裂及撕脱骨折。MRI可显示侧副韧带及交叉韧带局灶或弥漫性肿胀、韧带连续性中断,断端移位及韧带信号改变,可显示韧带撕脱骨折及移位,经与手术或关节镜对照分析,磁共振诊断内侧副韧带、外侧副韧带、前交叉韧带及后交叉韧带准确性分别为92·3%、97%、81·3%、100%。结论:膝关节磁共振检查对韧带损伤的程度、类型的诊断较为准确,对临床治疗指导价值较大。     

膝关节韧带损伤的MRI诊断

目的:分析膝关节韧带损伤的MRI表现及应用价值。方法:85例膝关节损伤患者,男56例,女29例,年龄14~70岁,平均39岁,均经手术或关节镜检查明确诊断,对所有患者的MRI进行回顾性分析。结果:MRI显示侧副韧带损伤77条、交叉韧带损伤81条。侧副韧带损伤分为轻、中、重度;交叉韧带损伤表现为不完全撕裂、完全撕裂及撕脱骨折。MRI可显示侧副韧带及交叉韧带局灶或弥漫性肿胀、韧带连续性中断,断端移位及韧带信号改变,可显示韧带撕脱骨折及移位,经与手术或关节镜对照分析,磁共振诊断内侧副韧带、外侧副韧带、前交叉韧带及后交叉韧带准确性分别为92·3%、97%、81·3%、100%。结论:膝关节磁共振检查对韧带损伤的程度、类型的诊断较为准确,对临床治疗指导价值较大。