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??OBJECTIVE To determine the contents of antler peptides in Cervus elaphus yarkandensis from different locations and harvest periods to evaluate their qualities. METHODS The concentration of antler peptides of Cervus elaphus yarkandensis was measured by BCA protein assay kit. The protein contents between differen regions and harvest time were compared. RESULTS A good linear relationship was achieved for the calibration curve of antler peptides in the range of 20-2 000 ??g??mL^-1(r=0.997 9). The average recovery was 99.06% with RSD of 2.08% (n=6). The contents of antler peptides in Cervus elaphus Linnaeus from different locations were significantly different. There were also differences in the antler peptides content of the same origin samples collected in different periods. CONCLUSION The established method is simple, accurate and reproducible, which can be adopted for determination of antler peptides in Cervus elaphus Linnaeus .
     

补肾中药对绝经后骨质疏松症大鼠肾组织Notch信号通路的影响

目的：本研究旨在观察去卵巢骨质疏松症大鼠模型肾组织Hes1、Jagged1和Notch1 mRNA及其编码蛋白HES1、Jagged1和Notch1的活性变化,探究补肾中药防治骨质疏松症的分子生物学机制。方法：将75只雌性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、补肾复方组、福善美组,模型组采用切除雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢的方式建立骨质疏松症模型,补肾复方组运用补肾复方对模型大鼠治疗8周,用福善美作为阳性药物对照组。8周后采用ELISA法检测各组肾组织HES1、Jagged1以及Notch1含量;RT-PCR检测各组Hes1、Jagged1和Notch1相对表达量。结果：与正常组相比,模型组肾组织Hes1、Jagged1和Notch1及其编码蛋白表达明显减少（P<0.01）;与模型组相比,补肾复方组和福善美组肾组织Hes1、Jagged1和Notch1及其编码蛋白的表达均明显增加（P<0.01）;结论：骨质疏松症的发生机制与Notch信号传导通路有关;补肾复方通过激活Notch信号传导通路,可以促进成骨细胞分化,抑制破骨细胞活性,起到防止骨质疏松症的作用。     

外感清热解毒方抗呼吸道病毒活性的体外实验研究

目的:研究外感清热解毒方体外抗呼吸道病毒的活性。方法:体外培养MDCK、HEL和A549细胞,分别接种流感病毒H1N1、腺病毒AV1和呼吸道合胞病毒RSV1,给予外感清热方进行干预,以病毒唑作为对照。采用MTT法检测药物对细胞的毒性和对病毒的治疗指数,采用红细胞凝集实验和观察细胞病变(CPE)进行分析,研究该方抗呼吸道病毒活性。结果:外感清热方对H1N1的IC 50为0.028 mg/m L,TI为2.07。预防给药在0.01 mg/m L时红细胞凝集实验为阴性,表明该方能够阻断H1N1病毒入侵,有预防作用。治疗给药在0.01 mg/m L时红细胞凝集实验为阴性,表明该方对病毒有治疗作用。直接杀伤实验该方能够降低病毒滴度1个梯度。在0.005 mg/m:时抗AV1红细胞凝集实验为阴性,表明该方能够抑制AV1。镜下观察CPE表明0.01 mg/m L以上浓度的中药能够抑制RSV1。结论:外感清热解毒方具有较好的抗H1N1、AV1和RSV1的活性,具有高效低毒的特点。     

红景天、降香对实验性心梗大鼠心肌VEGF受体和心功能的作用研究

目的：观察大鼠急性心梗后2周、4周、6周的心功能改变情况及中药红景天、降香煎剂灌胃对大鼠心功能的影响；观察心梗大鼠6周时，红景天、降香的干预对心肌内VEGF受体F1t-1、F1k-1／KDR和血管生成素受体Tie-2表达的影响，探讨中药红景天、降香的促血管新生作用，其意义和可能的机制；方法：雄性SD大鼠结扎冠状动脉左前降支制作急性心梗模型，术后随机将造模大鼠分为模型组，红景天组，降香组，预灌红景天组，假手术组，未干预组，在各组内随机分为2周、4周、6周组，共设立18组。干预饲养后经动脉置管，由心室用Apple电脑记录并分析dp／dtmax、LVP、LVEDP。取梗死周围大鼠心肌，以标准免疫组化方法测定受体表达。检测结果用Excel建立数据库，用SPSS10．0进行统计分析。结果：大鼠LAD结扎造模后，4周时心功能各指标受影响最严重，6周时则有所恢复，红景天和降香干预后，此趋势仍存在。6周时大鼠心肌梗死区边缘的Ⅷ因子的表达表达强度，降香组与红景天组、预灌红景天组比较，p=0．083、0．088，PCNA的表达面积，中药干预各组好于模型组、假手术组和未干预组；PCNA的阳性光密度结果与阳性面积结果相类似。6周时心肌梗死区边缘的F1t-1的表达面积，红景天组和降香组高与其他各组，比较结果具有统计学意义；F1k-1／KDR的表达，在模型组、红景天组、降香组、预灌红景天组高于假手术组和未干预组，模型组、红景天组、降香组、预灌红景天组之间比较，未见统计学差异。红景天组和预灌红景天组的Tie-2表达，高于其余各组（p〈0．05），降香组，模型组、假手术组和未干预组之间比较，未见统计学的差异。结论：降香可以增加局部的毛细血管，但对心功能的改善作用不明显；红景天干预后，能促进心功能的改善，还能极大地促进局部VEGF相关受体的表达，提示VEGF的受体调控系统，是红景天作用的重要靶点之一，这方面还有待进一步研究。     

针刺配合常规疗法治疗早期甲型H1N1流感的疗效观察

目的:观察针刺配合常规疗法治疗甲型H1N1流感的疗效。方法:将80例甲流患者随机分为观察组与对照组。对照组40例,给予抗病毒药"奥司他韦"口服,并配合解热镇痛药及止咳祛痰药对症治疗;观察组40例,在常规治疗基础上加针刺治疗,两组均以5天为1个疗程。结果:观察组的平均发热缓解时间、平均咽痛缓解时间及平均咳嗽缓解时间均比对照组明显缩短。两组比较,3种症状的平均缓解时间均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:针刺疗法是治疗甲流的一种简便、快速有效、无毒副作用的辅助疗法。     

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??OBJECTIVE To detect the kenitics of UGT1A1 enzyme in three different systems. METHODS A UPLC-MS/MS method was developed to measure the bilirubin.RESULTS Glucuronidation kinetic constants were analyzed by fitting the Michaelis-Menten equation. As shown in our study, the apparent kinetic parameters of total bilirubin glucuronides were: K_RLM>K_HLM??K_rUGT1A1,V_RLM??V_HLM>V_rUGT1A1,CL_HLM>CL_rUGT1A1??CL_rRLM. It indicated that rUGT1A1 had the strongest binding affinity to bilirubin but could not convert it to bilirubin glucuronidations immediately. On the contrary RLM had a weaker binding affinity to the bilirubin, but could conver it rapidly. CONCLUSION Compared the kinetic in the different systems we could find that HLM almost had the same Km as rUGT1A1 which demonstrated the UGT1A1 enzyme was the primary enzyme mediating the metabolism of bilirubin.The difference parameter between three systems is attributed to the species differences. Summarily our study supplies experimental basis for the further research of the drug interactions.     

学校面对甲型H1N1流感病毒将如何科学防范综合管理

自2009年以来,墨西哥、美国等国家相继发生甲型H1N1流感病毒疫情之后,世界各国爆发流行,各国都在采取相应的对策,以降低此次大流行对人类的危害。我国是世界人口最多发展中的国家,又是率先进人老龄化的国家之一。介于此次甲型H1N1流感病毒流行的特点：主要感染身体强壮的年轻人,因此,保护青壮年的身体健康是国家的重要使命,关系到国家的未来发展,各级政府部门,尤其是学校要高度重视防患于未然。     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical constituents of Pedicularis longiflora Rudolph. var. tubiformis (Klotz). Tsoong systematically. METHODS Silica-gel column, reversed phase C₁₈ column, macroporous resin column and Sephadex LH-20 column were employed to purify the chemical constituents. The ability to remove DPPH free radicals was determined to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the crude extract, eluted fractions and compounds. RESULTS Ten compounds were obtained and identified as (E)-3-(??-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-hydroxy-4??-methoxystilbene (1), ??-sitosterol (2), iridotrial glucoside (3), luteolin(4), 5,7,4??-trihydroxy-3??,5??-dimethoxyflavone (5), echinacoside (6), jionoside A1 (7), kankanoside H₁ (8), kankanoside l (9) and pedieularioside I (10) based on the NMR spectra together with physical and chemical properties. In addition, the methanol-eluted fractions and compound 6 showed moderate antioxidant activity. CONCLUSION Compounds 1, 3 and 6-10 are isolated form Pedicularis longiflora Rudolph.var. tubiformis (Klotz).Tsoong for the first time.     

护理干预在危重甲型H1N1流感患者中的应用价值

目的研究分析在危重假性H1N1流感患者的护理工作中采用综合护理的价值,为更好地护理危重甲型H1N1流感患者提供参考的依据。方法选择危重甲型H1N1流感患者62例,根据患者床位单双号随机分成2组。对照组31例给予临床一般护理,实验组31例给予综合护理,观察并比较2组患者住院时间、并发症发生情况和患者的满意度。结果与对照组比较,实验组住院时间更短,并发症发生率更低,且满意度更高。结论在危重甲型H1N1流感患者的护理工作中使用综合护理措施,可以更好地降低并发症发生率,缩短住院时间,并提高护理工作的满意度,是一种较好的护理方法。     

Inhibitory effect of medicinal plant-derived carboxylic acids on the human transporters hOAT1, hOAT3, hOATP1B1, and hOATP2B1简

A significant number of organic carboxylic acids have been shown to influence the absorption and distribution of drugs mediated by organic anion transporters （OATs）. In this study, uptake experiments were performed to assess the inhibitory effects of cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, oleanolic acid, deoxycholic acid, and cynarin on bOAT1, hOAT3, hOATP 1B l, and hOATP2B 1. After a drug-drug interaction （DDI） investigation, cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, deoxycholic acid, and cynarin were found and validated to inhibit hOAT1 in a competitive manner, and deoxycholic acid was found to be an inhibitor of all four transporters. The apparent 50% inhibitory concentrations of cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, deoxycholic acid, and cynarin were estimated to be 133.87, 3.69, 90.03 and 6.03 μmol·L ^-1 for hOAT1, respectively. The apparent 50% inhibitory concentrations of deoxycholic acid were estimated to be 9.57μmol·L ^-1 for hOAT3, 70.54 μmol·L ^-1 for hOATP1B1, and 168.27μmol·L ^-1 for hOATP2B1. Because cinnamic acid, ferulic acid, and cynarin are ingredients of food or food additives, the present study suggests there are new food-drug interactions to be disclosed. In addition, deoxycholic acid may be used as a probe for studying the correlation of OATs and OATPs.     

直面流感

地铁的移动电视中正播报着甲型H1N1流感最新的确诊与疑似病例,一对年轻夫妻坐在了我身旁。一坐下,妻子就不无担忧地问：“你说这流感厉害不？”     

甲型H1N1流感患者的护理

目的：探讨甲型H1N1流感患者的护理方法。方法：回顾分析我院2009年8月至2010年1月收治的112例患者的临床资料。结果：112例患者治愈出院。结论：对甲型H1N1流感患者在治疗的同时,有针对性采取护理措施以及严格的消毒隔离制度,是救治甲型H1N1流感的保证。     

9例甲型H1N1流感病人的护理

目的 探讨甲型H1N1流感的观察与护理.方法 回顾性总结9例住院甲型H1N1流感病人的护理过程.结果 8例病人治愈出院,1例病人死亡.结论 掌握甲型H1N1流感发生发展规律,提供系统全面的护理,可有效预防甲型H1N1流感并发症的发生,提高治愈率.     

香兰素与乙基香兰素对大鼠肝脏中转运蛋白mRNA表达的影响

目的 研究香兰素、乙基香兰素对大鼠肝脏中多药耐药基因Mdr1、多药耐药相关蛋白Mrp2、阴离子转运蛋白Oatp1A1和阳离子转运蛋白Oct1 mRNA表达水平的影响.方法 大鼠ig香兰素或乙基香兰素3、15、75 mg/(kg·d),连续给药7d,提取肝脏总RNA,逆转录后荧光定量PCR检测细胞膜Mdr1、Mrp2、Oatp1A1和Oct1 mRNA的表达.结果 香兰素、乙基香兰素均能显著上调Mdr1 mRNA的表达,下调Oatp1A1、Oct1 mRNA的表达,对Mrp2 mRNA的表达无显著影响.结论 香兰素、乙基香兰素给药后能提高肝细胞Mdr1对药物的外排作用,减弱Oatp1A1、Oct1对药物的摄取能力,当香兰素和乙基香兰素与上述转运体底物药物共用时,可能会发生药物相互作用.     

甲型H1N1流感64例的护理

<正>甲型H1N1流感是一种新型的急性呼吸道传染病,目前已在全世界范围内广泛流行。本病好发于中青年,老年人较少发病。与以往的流感相比,其传播速度快,重症患者比例多,少数病例病情进展迅速,可出现呼吸衰竭,多脏器功能损伤而导致死亡[1]。在及时合理的治疗的同时,如何提高护理质量、积极配合医生治疗、促进患者早日康复,同时防止医源性感染的发生,是护理工作面临的一个新的挑战。2009年11—12月笔者对64例确诊甲型H1N1流感住院患者制订了严密的护理方案,取得了满意效果,现介绍如下。     

银翘散加减治疗甲型H1N1流感180例疗效观察

2009年甲型H1N1流感疫情的暴发对世界经济造成的影响和人类的损伤难以估计,我国卫生部于2009年4月30日宣布将其纳入《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定的乙类传染病和国境卫生检疫传染病,依照甲类传染病采取预防控制措施。近日英国、埃及卫生部先后发布甲型H1N1流感患者死     

三七丹参片调节高脂血症小鼠脂质转运的机制

目的 研究三七丹参片对高血脂症小鼠的降脂作用及调控机制.方法 将40只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组及三七丹参片高(1.35 g/kg)、低(0.45 g/kg)剂量组,每组10只.通过喂养高脂饲料造模6周后,灌胃给予相应药物,连续给药1周.采用全自动生化分析仪检测小鼠血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、...     

探讨甲型H1N1流感的防治措施

甲型H1N1流感是由变异后的新型流感病毒所引起的急性呼吸道传染病。甲型H1N1流感病人为主要传染源,主要在人类中传播。虽然猪体内已发现甲型H1N1流感病毒,但目前尚无证据表明动物为传染源。感染途径主要通过飞沫或气溶胶经呼吸道传播,也可通过口腔、鼻腔、眼睛等处粘膜直接或间接接触传播。接触患者的呼吸道分泌物、体液和被污染的物品亦可能造成传播。人群对甲型H1N1流感病毒普遍易感。     

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??Malignant melanoma presents a significant therapeutic challenge to clinicians with characteristics of early metastasis, rapid development, poor prognosis and high mortality. Many therapies for metastatic melanoma are limited by these characteristics. With the development of immunotherapy mechanism for malignant melanoma, a large number of antibody agents for the treatment of malignant melanoma entered the clinical trials. To our great delight, the new drugs of pembrolizumab and nivolumab have been approved by FDA in 2014 after successfully passing phase ?? clinical trial, which bring a chance of survival to patients with unresectable or metastatic advance melanoma. This review briefly discusses recent development and advances of anti-PD-L1/PD-1 antibody drugs against melanoma.     

益胃汤对EMs模型大鼠异位子宫内膜Notch1、Delta1和Jagged1表达的影响

目的考察益胃汤对自体移植子宫内膜异位症(EMs)大鼠异位内膜Notch1、Delta1及Jagged1表达的影响,为其干预EMs提供依据。方法建立SD大鼠自体移植EMs模型,将造模成功的大鼠随机分成模型对照组,丹那唑组(0.20 g/kg),益胃汤高(27.00 g/kg)、中(13.50 g/kg)、低剂量(6.75 g/kg)组,药物连续干预4周后,测量异位子宫内膜体积,并采用Western blot法检测各组动物子宫内膜中NOTCH1蛋白表达;采用免疫组化法检测各组大鼠内膜DELTA1及JAGGED1蛋白表达。结果与模型对照组比较,益胃汤给药后,EMs模型大鼠异位子宫内膜体积显著缩小(P0.01),益胃汤高剂量大鼠异位内膜中NOTCH1相对表达量和DELTAL1平均光密度显著减少(P0.01);益胃汤高、中剂量组中JAGGED1平均光密度明显降低(P0.05)。结论益胃汤改善EMs与降低异位子宫内膜Notch1、Delta1和Jagged1的表达有关。