妇科腹腔镜手术并发症54例临床分析

目的探讨妇科腹腔镜手术并发症发生的相关因素及其防治方法。方法对中南大学湘雅二医院妇科2003年6月至2008年6月妇科腹腔镜手术患者54例并发症的临床资料及相关因素进行回顾性分析。结果4832例妇科腹腔镜手术发生并发症54例（1．12％）。其中腹腔镜全子宫切除术并发症13例,发生率为4．22％（13／308）,子宫肌瘤剔除术并发症9例,发生率为1.60％（9／563）,附件手术并发症22例,发生率为0．76％（22／2885）,其他手术并发症10例,发生率为0．93％（10／1076）。并发症种类主要为血管和周围组织器官损伤、皮下出血、气肿和术中出血等。结论正确掌握手术适应证和合适的开腹时机,可减少腹腔镜手术并发症的发生。     

妇科腹腔镜手术3993例并发症分析

目的探讨妇科腹腔镜手术并发症的相关情况,寻求有效预防和减少并发症的方法,降低并发症危害。方法对首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院妇科1995年2月至2008年12月3993例腹腔镜手术术中及术后并发症的发生情况进行回顾性分析。结果 3993例妇科腹腔镜手术中,并发症发生率为1.65%(66/3993),其中轻度并发症41例,发生率为1.03%;重度并发症25例,发生率为0.63%。手术并发症与医师的手术经验明显相关,从事腹腔镜手术时间不足1年者,并发症发生率明显升高,尤其是与穿刺及气腹有关的并发症;手术并发症与腹部手术史有相关性,有腹部手术史患者并发症发生率较无手术史者增高。结论腹腔镜手术并发症与手术难度、腹部手术史及医师手术经验有关。提高临床医生的内镜手术技能和手术技巧,进行正规手术操作训练可减少并发症的发生。     

基层医院妇科腹腔镜手术并发症55例临床分析

目的探讨基层医院妇科腹腔镜手术类型、并发症发生原因和防治方法 ,提高手术的安全性。方法对北京市昌平区中医医院2002年5月至2010年5月进行的758例妇科腹腔镜手术的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果 758例腹腔镜手术中,发生并发症55例,占7.26%。其中持续性宫外孕3例、大出血8例、输尿管损伤1例、膀胱损伤2例、盆腔化脓性感染2例,皮下气肿20例、腹壁瘀血19例。并发症中需开腹处理13例,再次腹腔镜手术1例。结论基层医院腹腔镜手术应循序渐进,在技术条件不允许的情况下不宜开展难度大的内镜手术。     

妇科腹腔镜手术并发症相关因素的分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术的并发症及其相关因素。方法:回顾性分析我院7 年中2946例腹腔镜手术病例及25例出现并发症的患者相关因素。结果:腹腔镜手术并发症的发生率为0.85%(25/2946)。因并发症而需要中转开腹手术者6例(0.2%),子宫切除术、肌瘤剔除术、附件手术及其他手术的并发症发生率分别为5.3%(7/133)、2.0%(5/246)、0.50%(11/2189)及0.53%(2/378)。穿刺及气腹有关的并发症11例(0.37%);术中并发症6例(0.28%);术后并发症8例(0.2%)。子宫切除术并发症的发生率远高于子宫肌瘤剔除手术及附件手术(P<0.01)。结论:妇科腹腔镜手术的并发症不容忽视,其并发症的发生与手术的难度有关。     

妇科腹腔镜手术并发症及相关因素分析

目的:探讨妇科腹腔镜手术并发症发生情况及发生的相关影响因素.方法:回顾性分析我院2160例妇科腹腔镜手术患者的临床资料,对患者年龄、体重指数、病种分类、有无腹腔手术史、子宫内膜异位症病史等与手术并发症发生相关的因素进行分析.结果:总体并发症发生率为3.33％ (72/2160),其中气腹及穿刺并发症7例(0.32％).术中并发症50例(2.31％),以术中失血过多最多,占72.00％(36/50),术中及术后给予输血治疗.术后并发症15例(0.69％),以术后感染最多,占66.67％(10/15).Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ类手术的并发症发生率分别为1.01％,5.92％,7.57％,24.51％.单因素分析显示,年龄(OR =2.64)、子宫大小(OR=3.45)、子宫内膜异位症病史(OR=11.64)、手术类别(OR=3.70)与并发症发生有关.多因素Logistic分析显示,子宫内膜异位症病史(OR =6.46)、手术类别(OR =3.55)是并发症发生的影响因素.结论:妇科腹腔镜手术并发症以术中失血过多和术后感染多见.有子宫内膜异位症病史患者腹腔镜手术后出现手术并发症的风险大;手术级别越高,患者出现手术并发症的风险越大.     

妇科腹腔镜手术并发症临床分析

近年来，妇科腹腔镜手术发展迅速，随着医生和患者对腹腔镜手术的认识，手术例数迅速增多，手术范围越来越大。然而腹腔镜手术虽有许多优点，但同其他手术一样，同样有并发症的可能。及时认识这些并发症才能很好地预防和正确处理，否则，一些严重并发症可能危及患者生命。本文对462例腹腔镜手术中的7例并发症进行回顾性分析，以从中吸取教训。     

妇科腹腔镜手术并发症及其防治

腹腔镜越来越多地应用于妇科各类良恶性病变的手术中,手术并发症也相应增加,轻者如皮下气肿、腹膜下气肿、大网膜气肿等,重者如纵隔气肿、气体栓塞、大血管损伤、膀胱输尿管损伤以及直肠损伤等,不同程度影响手术质量和患者预后.本文就妇科腹腔镜手术并发症及其防治作一阐述.     

腹腔镜手术并发症34例分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜手术的并发症及其相关因素。方法 回顾性分析北京协和医院妇产科近6扑的1769例腹腔镜手术病例及34例出现并发症的病例情况。手术包括附件手术1421例，子宫肌瘤剔除术52例，腹腔镜辅助的阴式子宫切除术296例，并发症指术中出现的需额外处理或术后出现的因手术术身引起需行再次手术或保守治疗的情况。结果 并发症发生率为1.9%，需开腹手术处理者6例（0.3%)。附件手术、肌瘤剔除术及阴式子宫切除术的并发症发生率分别为0.9%、1.9%及6.8%。与穿刺及气腹有关的并发症12例（35.3%)，包括腹壁血管、大网膜血管损伤及严重的皮下气肿；术中并发症5例（14.7%)，其中大出血3例，膀胱破裂1例，均改开腹手术，另1例为负极板放置处大腿皮肤烧伤；术后并发症17例（50.0%)，其中2例术后腹腔内出血再次开腹止血，术后并发症还包括肠道并发症、神经麻痹及发热。结论 妇科腹腔镜手术的并发症不容忽视，并发症的发生与手术的难度有关。阴式子宫切除术并发症的发生远高于附件手术及子宫肌瘤剔除手术。     

腹腔镜妇科手术并发症的特点及防治

同任何常规手术一样 ,腹腔镜手术并发症也有一定的发生率。因为腹腔镜的手术操作方法完全不同于经腹手术 ,所以其并发症的发生各有其特点 ,处理方法亦不相同 ,而且有些腹腔镜特有的并发症一旦发生 ,原本对患者的微创手术就转变为致死性操作。因此 ,所有妇科医生应该熟知腹腔镜手术并发症的发生规律、临床表现、体征和处理方法。现就腹腔镜手术并发症发生的特点及防治谈些看法。1　腹腔镜妇科手术并发症的概况和临床意义腹腔镜妇科手术发展 10余年 ,目前仍缺少并发症总发生率的确实数据。但各种手术并发症发生的规律越来越清晰 ,现今与传统经…     

腹腔镜手术并发症的分析

分析妇科腹腔镜手术中并发症发生的原因，处理方法及探讨预防措施。对３５０例患者施行电视腹腔镜下妇科手术中，出现并发症的２２例进行回顾性分析。结果３５０例中，２２例出现并发症，占手术总例数的６．２９％，其中４例发生损伤性并发症，占手术总例数的１．１４％。     

妇科腹腔镜手术的临床进展

妇科腹腔镜手术近年来发展迅速,有损伤小、术后痛苦少、住院时间短、机体恢复快、美容效果好、医疗负担轻等优点。在妇科恶性肿瘤的诊治上,相对传统开腹手术,腹腔镜有自己独特的优势。随着手术器械设备的更新,医生经验的积累和技能的成熟,术中保护措施的研发,腹腔镜手术的并发症明显减少,安全性大大提高,临床运用范围愈加广泛。如今在传统腹腔镜手术的基础上又开发了微型腹腔镜手术,无气腹腹腔镜手术,机器人手术等新的手术方式。其各具特点,各有临床发展的潜力。就妇科腹腔镜手术近年来临床实践探索的新进展做综述。     

腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢囊肿蒂扭转43例临床分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术治疗卵巢囊肿蒂扭转的临床价值.方法:回顾性分析我院2001年2月至2008年10月间接受腹腔镜诊治的43例卵巢囊肿蒂扭转患者的临床资料.结果:43例患者平均年龄26.6岁,有腹痛病史41例,其中急性腹痛27例,伴恶心、呕吐21例.34例行腹腔镜下患侧附件切除术,9例行腹腔镜下患侧卵巢囊肿剥出术.所有病例均在腹腔镜下顺利完成手术治疗,平均手术时间65.0±16.5分钟,术中出血2-150 ml,中位出血量10 ml,无术时术后并发症发生.术后病理诊断卵巢成熟性畸胎瘤34例(79.1%),卵巢单纯囊肿3例(7.0%),卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤2例(4.7%),卵巢甲状腺肿1例(2.3%),卵巢巧克力囊肿1例(2.3%),副中肾管源性囊肿(卵巢冠囊肿)1例(2.3%),组织出血梗死不能辨认1例(2.3%).术后平均肛门排气时间27.3±11.4小时,术后平均放置尿管时间11.2±9.5小时,术后平均住院时间4.2±1.3天.结论:腹腔镜诊治卵巢囊肿蒂扭转具有及时准确、创伤小、出血少、术后恢复快等优点.     

Complications in Robotic-Assisted Gynecologic Surgery According to Case Type: A 6-Year Retrospective Cohort Study Using Clavien-Dindo Classification

Study ObjectiveTo estimate the risk of postoperative complications in robotic-assisted gynecologic surgery according to case type.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).SettingMayo Clinic Arizona.PatientsAll 1155 patients who underwent robotic-assisted gynecologic surgery between March 2004 and December 2009 were included. Patients were primarily white (94.3%), with a mean (SD) age of 51.5 (15.4) years, and were overweight, with body mass index (BMI) of 27.2 (6.8).InterventionsRisk of complications, overall and according to Clavien-Dindo grade, and incidence of specific complications were analyzed. Robotic-assisted gynecologic surgical procedures were categorized postoperatively according to case type as benign simple (e.g., oophorectomy, simple hysterectomy) in 552 (47.8%) patients, benign complex (e.g., excision of invasive endometriosis) in 262 (22.7%), urogynecologic in 121 (10.5%), and oncologic in 220 (19.1%).Measurements and Main ResultsIntraoperative complications occurred in 3.2% of patients. Postoperative complications of any type occurred in 18.4% of patients. Conversion to laparotomy was necessary in 2.7%. Urologic complications were more common in urogynecologic cases (5.8%) as compared with benign simple (0.5%), benign complex (2.7%), and oncologic (3.2%). Bleeding complications were most common in oncologic cases (5%). Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications occurred in 5.2% of patients overall, and were >3-fold likely to occur in benign complex, urogynecologic, and oncologic cases than in benign simple cases. When adjusted for age, BMI, estimated blood loss, operative time, length of stay, and previous pelvic surgery, complications were nearly twice as common for benign complex (odds ratio [OR] 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–2.7), urogynecologic (OR 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0–3.4), and oncologic (OR 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1–3.1) cases as for benign simple cases, although weakly significant. Case type, BMI, estimated blood loss, and length of stay remained important factors in predicting postoperative complications.ConclusionThe incidence of complications in robotic-assisted gynecologic surgery varies according to case type. Defining the role of patient and surgical variables such as case type in the occurrence of complications may help in identification of cases with increased risk, to improve patient counseling and surgical outcome.     

Preemptive Analgesia in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery

Preemptive analgesia is an intervention provided before initiating painful stimuli that may reduce or prevent subsequent pain. This systematic review examines the evidence supporting the practice of preemptive analgesia in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (MIGS). We searched PubMed, Cochrane Register for Controlled Trials, and Embase from inception through February 26, 2018. The search was limited to human and English language studies. A total of 324 studies were identified. The abstracts were screened for relevance for minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (MIGS) and preemptive analgesia. The final trials reviewed were restricted to randomized controlled trials of preemptive medications given before the completion of MIGS surgery. Preemptive blocks (including paracervical, triple antibiotic paste, and pudendal) appear to have the most consistently beneficial effect on postoperative pain in MIGS with an excellent cost-benefit ratio, with the exception of liposomal bupivacaine, which requires further evaluation to determine if its added cost delivers better outcomes. Preemptive anticonvulsants, ketamine, and dexmedetomidine have a positive effect on postoperative pain and opioid use but are limited by side effects. Preemptive dexamethasone, acetaminophen, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have a modest effect on postoperative pain control. Despite these findings, additional quality work is needed to find more definitive methods of preemptive pain control for MIGS.     

A Randomized,Double-Blind,Placebo-Controlled Trial of Oral Pregabalin for Relief of Shoulder Pain after Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery

Study ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of pregabalin for the relief of postoperative shoulder pain after laparoscopic gynecologic surgery.DesignProspective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Canadian Task Force classification I).SettingTertiary referral center, university hospital.PatientsFifty-six women undergoing elective laparoscopic gynecologic surgery between June 2012 and March 2013.InterventionsWomen in the study group received 75 mg pregabalin 2 hours before surgery and then every 12 hours for 2 doses, and women in the control group received an identical capsule and the same dosage of placebo.Measurements and Main ResultsVisual analog scale (VAS) scores for shoulder pain and surgical pain at 24 and 48 hours after surgery were evaluated as primary outcome. Postoperative analgesics used and drug-related adverse events were also monitored. Patients in the pregabalin group had significantly lower postoperative VAS scores for shoulder pain at 24 hours, compared with the placebo group (median, 23.14 [range, 13.67–32.61] vs 37.22 [27.75–46.64]; p = .04), and required less analgesic (p = .01). There were no significant differences in VAS scores for surgical pain and adverse events between the 2 groups (p = .56).ConclusionsPerioperative administration of 75 mg pregabalin significantly reduced postoperative laparoscopic shoulder pain and amount of analgesic used.     

肺保护性通气策略在妇科腹腔镜手术中应用的临床观察

目的:通过监测肺顺应性、氧合指数、血浆白细胞介素-8(IL-8)值、血浆克拉拉细胞蛋白(CC16)值等指标,观察肺保护性通气策略是否可以改善妇科腹腔镜手术患者呼吸功能,降低肺损伤的发生。方法:选择40例美国麻醉医师协会体格情况评估分级(ASA分级)Ⅰ~Ⅱ级行择期腹腔镜宫颈癌根治术患者,采用随机数字表法将40例受试者分为两组。在全麻机械通气中,A组采用传统间歇正压通气模式,潮气量设置为10 ml/kg[理想体质量(PBW)];B组采用肺保护性通气策略,潮气量设置为6 ml/kg(PBW)+5 cm H_2O呼气末正压通气(PEEP)+手法肺复张。对患者气腹前(T_0)、气腹后2小时(T_1)、气腹后4小时(T_2)的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、中心静脉压(CVP)、呼吸频率(RR)、肺顺应性(C)进行观察;于T_0、T_1、T_2、手术后2小时(T_3)、手术后24小时(T_4)抽取血气,计算氧合指数(OI)值;分别在T_0、T_1、T_2、T_3、T_4抽取静脉血,检测血浆IL-8、血浆CC16值。结果:T_0时两组患者C比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组内T_1、T_2时点与T_0时比较,C均下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),A组下降均较B组明显(P0.05)。两组患者OI值在T_0、T_1、T_3、T_4时间点,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者血浆IL-8、CC16值在T_1、T_2、T_3、T_4时点,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:肺保护性通气策略可能改善妇科腹腔镜手术患者呼吸功能,降低肺损伤的发生。     

Incidence of Complications during Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgery in Patients after Previous Laparotomy

Study ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence of complications arising during gynecologic laparoscopic surgery in patients who have undergone previous abdominal surgeries and to assess predictable factors associated with complications based on the characteristics of the previous laparotomy.DesignRetrospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II–2).SettingUniversity-affiliated hospital.PatientsWe enrolled 307 patients with a history of laparotomy who underwent laparoscopic surgery at our hospital between January 2002 and June 2009.InterventionsThe closed primary approach via either the ninth intercostal space or the posterior vaginal fornix was used to avert bowel injury. Complications were defined as organ injury that required repair during surgery and immediate conversion to laparotomy because of technical difficulties. Factors influencing complications during laparoscopic surgery were analyzed using logistic regression.Measurements and Main ResultsNo complications developed during primary entry. Adhesiolysis was required in 195 areas of adhesion in 146 patients before laparoscopic surgery could proceed. These areas comprised 45 (14.7%) and 31 (10.1%) abdominal wall adhesions without and within the umbilicus, respectively, and 119 (38.8%) with intrapelvic adhesions. Complications in 41 patients (13.4%) included bowel damage (n = 35), urinary system damage (n = 4), and conversion to laparotomy because of technical difficulties (n = 2). Overall, 38 complications were laparoscopically repaired, and 1 complication was repaired at minilaparotomy. Intrapelvic adhesions were found in all patients with complications, and bowel adherent to the intrapelvis was identified in 38 of these (92.7%). The most significant predictive factors positively associated with development of complications according to logistic regression analysis were a history of abdominal myomectomy (odds ratio, 6.27; 95% confidence interval, 2.95–13.38; p <.001) and excisional endometriosis surgery (odds ratio, 5.80; 95% confidence interval, 2.08–16.13; p = .001). No patients developed severe delayed complications after surgery.ConclusionOur findings suggest that potential predictive factors of complications are a history of abdominal myomectomy and excisional endometriosis surgery performed because of intrapelvic adhesions.     

异位妊娠腹腔镜手术及引流的选择

目的 :总结腹腔镜治疗异位妊娠术式及放置引流的选择。方法 :异位妊娠患者 6 3例 ,其中 32例在腹腔镜下行输卵管线形切开取胚术 ,另 31例行输卵管切除术。按引流的方式不同分为 3个小组 ,分别给予直径 10mm单腔管引流、5mm引流袋管引流和不放引流。术后统计手术时间、术后住院日、引流量、拔除引流管时间、体温、疼痛感、肛门排气时间和穿刺孔渗液的情况。结果 :切除组手术时间平均为 30分钟 ,术后平均住院时间 3天 ,引流量平均 10 0± 80ml,拔除引流管时间平均 12± 10小时 ;而取胚组则分别为 5 0分钟 ,4 .5天、2 0 0± 15 0ml、2 0± 12小时。切除组仅 2例未放置引流管者出现穿刺孔渗液 ,取胚组未放引流管者术后 36小时均有穿刺孔渗液 ,放置单腔管引流者 ,穿刺孔渗液发生率明显低于引流袋管引流者。结论 :异位妊娠腹腔镜手术治疗具有安全、微创、快捷的特点。无再生育要求者 ,最好行输卵管切除 ,此术式腹腔渗出不多。若要保留生育功能而行线形切开取胚术者 ,应置管充分引流。     

Management,Prevention, and Sequelae of Adhesions in Women Undergoing Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery: A Systematic Review

Surgical adhesions can lead to significant consequences including abdominopelvic pain, bowel obstruction, subfertility, and subsequent surgery. Although laparoscopic surgery is associated with a decreased risk of adhesion formation, methods to further decrease adhesions are warranted. We systematically reviewed literature addressing the management, prevention, and sequelae of adhesions in women undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, EBSCOhost, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and found 6566 records. The primary outcome was adhesion formation. The secondary outcomes were abdominopelvic pain, quality of life, subfertility, pregnancy, bowel obstruction, urinary symptoms, and subsequent surgery. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 52 studies remained for qualitative synthesis. Risk of bias assessments were applied independently by 2 authors. There was evidence that Hyalobarrier Gel (Anika Therapeutics, Bedford, MA), HyaRegen NCH Gel (Bilar Medikal, Istanbul, Turkey), Oxiplex/AP Gel (Fziomed, Inc., San Luis Obispo, CA), SprayGel (Confluent Surgical Inc., Waltham, MA), and Beriplast (CSL Behring, LLCm King of Prussia, PA) all decrease the incidence of adhesions. Adept (Baxter, Deerfield, IL) significantly decreased de novo adhesion scores of the posterior uterus. Using an integrated treatment approach to pelvic pain significantly improved pain and quality of life compared with standard laparoscopic treatment. Lastly, Hyalobarrier Gel Endo (Anika Therapeutics, Bedford, MA) placement led to a higher pregnancy rate than no barrier usage. Our findings underscore the need for high-quality trials to evaluate the efficacy of surgical techniques, adhesion barriers, and other treatment modalities on the management and prevention of adhesions and their clinical sequelae. This review was registered on PROSPERO (ID?=?CRD42017068053).