一氧化氮中毒导致脊髓变性的临床及影像特征分析

目的探讨一氧化碳(笑气)中毒的临床表现、实验室指标及影像学改变,以提高临床对笑气中毒所致脊髓亚急性变性的认识。方法收集我院2018至2020年收治的4例笑气中毒患者临床资料,分析其血清同型半胱氨酸水平、血清维生素B₁₂水平及影像学改变。结果1例患者维生素B₁₂水平下降,4例患者中血清同型半胱氨酸水平均有不同程度升高,4例患者均伴有颈髓磁共振成像-T₂加权成像(MRI-T₂WI)异常信号改变。结论笑气中毒所致脊髓亚急性联合变性多见于青壮年,血清同型半胱氨酸水平升高及磁共振T₂WI颈髓异常信号改变对该病诊断具有重要意义。     

脊髓亚急性联合变性的MRI诊断分析

目的 :探讨MRI对脊髓亚急性联合变性的诊断价值。方法 :回顾性分析12例经临床证实的脊髓亚急性联合变性患者的MRI表现。12例均行MRI平扫,2例加行增强扫描。结果:10例脊髓后索及侧索受累,双侧对称;后索单独受累1例;MRI未见异常1例。病变表现为带状或斑片状等T1长T2信号,STIR为高信号。2例行增强扫描无强化。结论:MRI能很好地显示脊髓亚急性联合变性的影像学特征,有助于脊髓亚急性联合变性的诊断。     

正常颈髓磁共振弥散加权成像的初步研究

目的　探讨正常人颈髓的磁共振弥散加权成像 (DWI)的可行性、技术特点及研究意义。资料与方法　对5名健康志愿者采用PhilipsGyroscanIntera 1 .5T磁共振系统 ,在平面回波成像 (EPI)基础上进行不同参数扫描 ,分析比较各自影像特点并计算平均表观弥散系数 (ADC)及相对ADC值 (RA比值 )。结果　采用层厚 5mm ,导航校正多次激发SE EPI弥散序列 (MS DWEPI)可以取得较好的颈髓DW图像 ,颈髓具有明显的各向异性 ,平行于白质纤维的弥散梯度可得到较高的ADC值。在颈髓矢状位成像测量的平均ADC值为 1 .0 6± 0 .1 3× 1 0 -3 mm2 /s(0 .86～ 1 .1 8×1 0 -3 mm2 /s) ,RA比值为 3.1 2± 0 .4 8(2 .5 6～ 5 .6 8)。结论　 1 .5T磁共振系统可以进行颈髓DWI,有望对脊髓疾病的机理研究和临床诊断提供新的帮助     

跗骨窦综合征的磁共振成像研究

目的 研究跗骨窦综合征的磁共振成像(MRI)特点.方法 采用1.5T MRI扫描仪,常规做横轴位和矢状位SE T1和FSE T2加权扫描,也可以根据需要做冠状位和斜位扫描,均使用表面线圈,层厚和间隔分别为5mm和1mm.结果 MRI能显示跗骨窦内组织的炎症、变性或损伤.本组12例跗骨窦综合征的MRI表现为T1信号降低9例,不均匀信号3例;T2呈高信号12例;2例伴韧带撕裂,4例伴骨皮质下小囊肿,2例可见相邻跟骨、距骨的骨髓水肿.结论 MRI可以清楚显示跗骨窦的解剖和病理变化,是诊断跗骨窦综合征的有用工具.     

磁共振对脊髓亚急性联合变性的诊断价值

目的探讨磁共振对脊髓亚急性联合变性的诊断价值,以提高对本病诊断的准确性。方法回顾性分析20例经临床证实的脊髓亚急性联合变性患者的资料,确诊前所有患者均行脊柱MRI检查,其中6例行增强扫描。结果 20例中,16例脊髓内可见异常信号(16/20,80%),颈髓受累8例,胸髓受累5例,颈胸髓同时受累3例,位于脊髓后索11例,侧索并后索3例,侧、后、前索同时受累2例,另1例扫描平面未在病灶水平;脊髓均未见明显肿胀;Gd-DTPA增强扫描1例轻度强化,余5例未见明显强化;血清VB12水平降低15例,正常3例,升高2例。治疗5~15个月后复查,MRI异常信号范围不同程度的缩小或消失。结论磁共振结合临床及实验室检查对本病确诊及疗效随访具有重要价值。     

MR扩散加权成像对颈髓急慢性损伤的诊断价值

目的探讨急慢性颈髓损伤磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)的特点及其临床应用价值。方法对临床诊断为脊髓型颈椎病患者38例(CSM组)、急性颈髓外伤患者16例(外伤组)以及正常健康志愿者15例(对照组)采用单次激发自旋回波-平面回波序列行颈髄DWI检查,分析各例DWI图像特点,测量表观扩散系数(ADC)值。结果 CSM组:38例中T2WI颈髓出现高信号者20例,颈髓受压部位ADC值表现异常者30例(78.9%),其中27例ADC值高于正常组ADC值,3例ADC值降低,DWI图像表现为低信号或等信号;外伤组16例中ADC值表现异常者为14例(87.5%),10例常规T2WI颈髓受伤部位出现局限性异常信号,呈高信号或混杂信号,损伤部位ADC值有明显降低,DWI表现为高或混杂信号,6例T2WI及DWI信号无改变者,4例损伤部位ADC值降低。两组ADC值与正常对照组比较均有统计学差异。结论 CSM组和外伤组DWI成像ADC值有不同变化,判断脊髓病变较常规T2WI具有更高的敏感性,对临床诊断及预后判断有较高价值。     

肌间血管瘤磁共振成像26例分析

目的探讨肌间血管瘤磁共振成像(MRI)特点。方法采用0.2T永磁型磁共振扫描仪,应用表面线圈,采用SE序列,分别行矢状位、冠状位、横断位T1WI和T2WI扫描。结果T1WI上2例病灶表现为与肌肉组织呈等信号,24例病灶为高信号;26例病灶在T2WI上均显示为不均匀高信号,且在T1WI及T2WI上均可见点状、蚓状及线状低信号影。结论MRI的应用为肌间血管瘤的诊断提供了一项可靠的检查方法。     

T2 mapping成像在评价颈痛患者颈椎间盘退行性变中的应用价值

目的 探讨应用T2 mapping成像技术定量测量颈椎间盘T2值,分析颈痛患者颈椎间盘T2值与NorthwickPark颈痛量表的关系。方法 选取2018年7月～2018年12月因颈痛症状来我院行MRI检查的46例患者,其中男性21例,女性25例,年龄28～75岁,平均年龄(50. 9±11. 9)岁。采用GE Discovery MR750 3. 0T磁共振成像系统,行矢状位T2mapping扫描。测定C2/3～C6/7椎间盘髓核及纤维环的T2值,与NPQ量表进行相关性分析。结果 颈椎间盘髓核区T2值与NPQ评分总百分比呈负相关(r=-0. 388,P 0. 01),并分别与量表第一、二、三、四、七项呈负相关(P 0. 05)。颈椎间盘前、后纤维环区T2值与量表评分总百分比无相关性(P 0. 05)。NPQ量表评分总百分比分别与C4/5、C5/6、C6/7椎间盘髓核区的T2值呈负相关(P 0. 05)。结论 T2 mapping成像是一种定量评价颈椎间盘退行性变程度的影像学方法,可无创性定量评价颈痛患者颈椎间盘退行性变导致的颈痛程度,并可对颈椎间盘早期退行性变作出前瞻性评价,对颈痛患者颈椎间盘退行性变做到早诊断、早治疗。     

急性颈髓损伤的高场强MRI信号特征及临床意义

目的探讨急性颈髓损伤后高场强MRI特征性表现,并分析其与临床神经功能相关性.材料和方法对54例急性颈髓损伤患者AsIA分级后行高场强MR成像,分析创区颈髓不同信号特点与神经功能缺失的相关性.结果28例颈髓损伤于T2wI表现为"环征"信号特点,其临床表现为脊髓完全损伤;26例MRI表现为长T1长T2信号变化,临床表现为脊髓不完全损伤,其损伤的长度反映出不同神经功能缺失,长度大于2.39±0.3cm,其神经功能缺失严重,长度小于0.84±0.05cm,神经功能损伤较轻.结论高场强MRI所表现不同信号特征可反映不同临床神经功能.     

脊髓亚急性联合变性磁共振诊断价值

目的:评价MRI对恶急性联合变性(SCD)的诊断价值。方法:搜集21例临床怀疑SCD的患者行MRI矢状面T1 WI和T2WI、横轴面T2WI,其中8例行Gd DTPA增强扫描,10例治疗后行MRI复查。结果:所有患者均显示 T2WI上颈髓、胸髓后部、侧索呈高信号,有1例前索出现类似病灶,Gd-DTPA增强扫描所有病变区均未见明显强化。10 例经维生素B12治疗6-12个月后复查,示T2WI上原高信号病灶范围明显缩小或消失,与患者临床症状和体征的缓解和改善呈正相关。结论:MRI有助于SCD的诊断并可观察临床疗效。     

脊髓亚急性联合变性的MRI诊断要点分析

目的分析脊髓亚急性联合变性(SCD)的MRI诊断要点。资料与方法回顾性分析15例临床确诊SCD的病人临床及MRI资料,分析其脊髓MRI表现特点,统计分析SCD病人受累脊髓节段数与血清VB12水平、发病时间的相关性。结果 15例SCD病人均于横断面影像上显示颈胸段脊髓对称性等或长T1、长T2信号,13例病变主要位于颈胸段水平脊髓后索,2例同时累及后索、侧索及前索。但于横断面T2WI上颈段与胸段脊髓异常信号形态各具特点。颈段脊髓受累时于横断面T2WI上呈脊髓内"倒V"形或"反兔耳"形的对称性高信号。胸段脊髓受累时于横断面T2WI上呈脊髓内"哑铃"形的对称性高信号。统计学分析显示15例SCD病人脊髓受累节段数与血清VB12水平呈负相关,而与病程长短无相关性。结论脊髓MR成像对于SCD脊髓疾病的诊断有重要价值。     

脊髓亚急性联合变性的MRI影像学特征

目的 评价MRI在脊髓亚急性联合变性(SCD)诊断中的重要价值. 资料与方法 收集经临床确诊的24例SCD患者的MRI资料,所有患者均于确诊前接受脊柱MRI检查,其中5例行增强检查,4例于治疗后复查.分析影像学特点. 结果 24例SCD中18例出现髓内异常信号,阳性率为75%.主要位于颈胸段脊髓后索(12例)或侧索并后索(5例),呈对称性等或稍长T1、长T2信号;1例同时累及后索、侧索、前索和部分灰质后角;脊髓无明显肿胀;增强后有(2/5)或无强化效应(3/5);治疗后4例病变范围均显示减小,甚至消失. 结论 SCD具有一定特征性的MRI影像表现,MRI在早期诊断及观察疗效上具有重要价值.     

无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤的MRI分析

目的 :探讨无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤的发生机理、好发部位及MRI特点。材料和方法 :回顾性分析 43例无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤的MRI表现。结果 :共发现脊髓异常MR信号 46处 ,多位于C4-6水平 ,异常信号T1WI为低信号、等信号或高信号 ;T2WI为信号均匀或不均匀的高信号。结论 :MRI能显示脊髓损伤的范围和病理改变 ,明确脊髓损伤处有无突出椎间盘的持续性压迫。是无骨折脱位型颈髓损伤最好的检查方法     

脊髓型多发性硬化与髓内肿瘤的MRI鉴别诊断

目的：探讨脊髓型多发性硬化（ＭＳ）的ＭＲＩ特点及其与髓内肿瘤的鉴别诊断。材料和方法：回顾性分析３例误诊为髓内肿瘤的经手术病理证实为脊髓型ＭＳ的临床表现、ＭＲ特点及其与病理的相关性。结果：本组脊髓型ＭＳ的ＭＲＩ特点为Ｔ１加权像脊髓局限性增粗或信号不均匀，Ｔ２加权像病变处伴有斑片状高信号。脊髓型ＭＳ常伴有脊髓中央管扩张，而无脊髓空洞。活动期病灶呈条状或斑片状增强。脊髓矢、冠和横断位总有１～２个方位见病灶增强位于脊髓周边。结论：脊髓型ＭＳ有其特征性ＭＲＩ表现，在急性或活动期能为临床诊断提供可靠的依据。     

Epidural abscess of the cervical spine: MR findings in five cases.

Cervical epidural abscess is an uncommon infectious process of the spinal epidural space. Although this disorder is often unsuspected clinically, the patient's signs and symptoms may suggest other diagnoses that frequently lead to an MR examination. We retrospectively reviewed the MR examinations of five patients with surgically proved cervical epidural abscess in order to assist in the diagnosis of this clinically elusive disorder. Each epidural abscess was evaluated for MR signal intensity, location, extent, delineation, and enhancement pattern. We assessed the spinal cord for compression and signal intensity and analyzed the vertebrae, intervertebral disks, and paraspinal soft tissue. Compared with the spinal cord, the abscess was isointense or hypointense on T1-weighted spin-echo images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. The abscess was hyperintense or isointense relative to the cord on T2* gradient-echo images. Enhancement of the abscess occurred in the two patients given an IV injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine. The epidural abscess was located anteriorly in three patients, posteriorly in one, and was circumferential in one. The abscess extended from two to nine vertebral bodies in length. In each case, the abscess caused some degree of spinal cord compression, and one patient had bright signal intensity within the cord on T2-weighted images. Three patients had MR changes of accompanying osteomyelitis and paravertebral abscess. MR imaging is useful in diagnosing cervical epidural abscess and in evaluating associated abnormality of the spinal cord, vertebral bodies, intervertebral disks, and paraspinal soft tissue.     

MR imaging in radiation myelopathy.

PURPOSE: Using MR imaging, we assessed the signal, size, and enhancing characteristics of the cervical cord in patients in whom radiation myelopathy developed after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten patients, 3 men and 7 women, aged from 32 to 77 years, were included. MR imaging was performed 1 to 53 months after clinical manifestations of myelopathy. RESULTS: Two cases showed atrophy of the cervical cord without abnormal signal intensity; in the others, a long segment of the cervical cord demonstrated low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2- or T2*-weighted images. Some of these cases also showed swelling of the cord. Focal enhancement at C1-C2 area after intravenous administration of Gd-DTPA was seen in four cases. CONCLUSIONS: There is a correlation between the time of MR imaging after onset of symptoms and MR findings. When MR scans were obtained more than 3 years after onset of symptoms, atrophy of the cervical cord was noted without abnormal signal intensity. When MR was performed less than 8 months after onset of symptoms, a long segment of the cervical cord demonstrated abnormal signal intensity with or without associated swelling of the cord and focal enhancement.     

Magnetic resonance imaging spectrum of spinal meningioma

PurposeTo evaluate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of spinal meningioma and to determine the radiological subtypes based on the MR imaging findings and their respective clinical features.Material and methodsData for 105 patients with surgically treated and histopathologically diagnosed spinal meningiomas at our hospital between May 1, 2003 and May 1, 2017 were evaluated in this study. Two radiologists reviewed the characteristics of spinal meningiomas on MR images and categorized the spinal meningiomas into subtypes based on MR imaging findings.ResultsMost spinal meningiomas showed higher signal intensity than that of the spinal cord but lower than that of the subcutaneous fat on T2-weighted images (WI). 56 cases (54%) showed adjacent spinal cord signal changes. Meningiomas could be categorized according to MR imaging findings into type A: dural-based tumors with a homogeneous signal intensity and intense contrast enhancement (81 cases, 77%); type B: round or oval-shaped tumors with an internal hypointense portion on T2-weighted images (18 cases, 17%); type C: en plaque tumors (three cases, 3%); and type D: tumors with unusual findings and a heterogeneous appearance (three cases, 3%). All type C patients showed spinal cord signal changes.ConclusionsSpinal meningioma showed slightly high signal intensity rather than high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Spinal cord signal changes were present in more than half of the cases. Clinical differences were observed among the different MR imaging types.     

脊髓亚急性联合变性的临床及MRI表现

目的: 探讨亚急性联合变性(SCD)的临床及MRI特点.材料和方法:收集32例临床确诊为SCD的临床资料.27例行血清维生素B12、叶酸测定.27例根据临床定位诊断进行矢状面及轴状面MRI T1WI、T2WI扫描,其中10例行钆喷酸葡胺(Gd-DTPA)增强扫描.结果: 20例血清维生素B12低于正常,7例叶酸低于正常.脊髓MRI 检查的21例中,10例脊髓后索可见长T2异常信号,其中5例侧索可见长T2异常信号,与临床表现吻合,Gd-DTPA增强扫描无增强.结论: SCD确诊依赖于临床表现及血清维生素B12测定.MRI有助于SCD诊断,特别是对血清维生素B12水平正常的病例更有意义.     

自发性脊髓硬膜外血肿的MRI诊断

目的 探讨自发性脊柱硬膜外血肿MRI表现特征.方法 对9例自发性脊髓硬膜外血肿的MRI表现作回顾性分析,本组患者均无明显的外伤史,发病后4～24h行MRI检查5例,1～3天行MRI检查3例,5天行MRI检查1例.常规横轴面、矢状面T2WI、TIWI及T2 WI脂肪抑制技术.结果 血肿发生于颈段4例,胸段2例,颈胸交界部2例,腰段1例.9例均表现为脊髓硬膜外梭形,长度7～12cm.血肿位于脊髓正后方4例,脊髓右后方3例,脊髓左后方1例,脊髓正前方1例,脊髓不同程度受压移位,脊髓与血肿间见线条状低信号影.4～24h行MRI检查5例,于T2 WI上呈稍高信号3例,高信号1例,等信号1例;于T11WI上呈等信号3例,等低信号2例.1～3天行MRI检查3例,于T2WI上呈低信号1例,等信号1例,等低信号1例;于T1WI上呈等信号2例,等低信号1例.5天行MRI检查1例,于T2 WI上呈低信号;T1WI上呈稍高信号.9例中T2WI压脂上呈低信号3例,等信号4例,高信号2例.结论 MRI是诊断自发性脊髓硬膜外血肿的最佳检查方法,不仅可以清楚地显示血肿的部位及范围,而且可以清楚地显示血肿新旧程度.