L—精氨酸对大鼠急性脊髓压迫损伤早期局部微循环的影响及其意义

目的：探讨一氧化氮对损伤脊髓微循环的影响．方法：采用脊髓后路压迫模型（３５．０ｇ／１０ｍｉｎ），造成大鼠脊髓中度损伤；应用激光多普勒血流仪观测伤前３０分钟蛛网膜下腔注射等渗盐水、Ｌ－精氨酸及正常组注射等渗盐水、Ｌ－精氨酸四组大鼠局部脊髓微循环动态变化．结果：注射等渗盐水受压组伤后１０分钟受伤脊髓局部微循环最低，１小时后有回升，４小时后再度降低；注射Ｌ－精氨酸受压组伤后１０分钟亦降至最低，但高于注射盐水受压组，１小时后回升至较高灌注水平；而Ｌ－精氨酸对正常脊髓微循环无明显影响．结论：外源性Ｌ－精氨酸可明显改善受伤脊髓早期微循环．     

高原肢体缺血再灌注致急性肺损伤的实验研究

本文报告了高原缺氧地区肢体缺血再灌注后急性肺损伤的实验研究。40只家兔随机分为正常对照组、单纯缺血组、再灌注30min组、60min组和120min组。实验详细观察了组织丙二醛(MDA)的含量、血气改变、白细胞计数及病理形态学等指标。结果表明,肢体缺血再灌注30min即可出现组织MDA含量增高、平均肺动脉压升高、肺组织含水量增加及肺内大量的中性粒细胞(PMN)聚集等。实验提示:高原缺氧地区肢体缺血再灌注后引起的急性肺损伤发生的时间较早,程度较重;急性肺损伤的发生与PMN及氧自由基损伤有密切关系。     

The Effect of Short-term Intra-arterial Delivery of Paclitaxel on Neointimal Hyperplasia and the Local Thrombotic Environment after Angioplasty

Purpose

To evaluate the effects of short-term intra-arterial delivery of paclitaxel on neointimal hyperplasia and the local thrombotic environment after angioplasty.

Methods

An experimental common carotid artery injury model was established in 60 rats, which were divided into experimental groups (40 rats) and controls (20 rats). Local intra-arterial administration of paclitaxel was applied at 2 doses (90 and 180 μg/30 μl), and the effects of short-term delivery of paclitaxel on neointimal hyperplasia and the expression of tissue factor (TF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) were evaluated at days 15 and 30 by hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry.

Results

At 15 and 30 days after injury, neointimal thickness and area, the ratio of intimal area to medial area and the stenotic rate were all significantly decreased in the group provided the high concentrations (180 μg/30 μl) of paclitaxel for 2 min or 10 min and in the group provided the low concentration (90 μg/30 μl) of paclitaxel for 10 min (p < 0.05). At 30 days after injury, there were no significant changes in TF expression among all experimental groups. PAI-1 expression increased in the neointima of the high concentration 10 min group (p < 0.05), while t-PA expression decreased in the neointima of the high concentration 2 min group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

In the rat common carotid artery injury model, the short-term delivery of paclitaxel could effectively inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in the long term, with very little influence on the local expression of TF and PAI-1.     

Relationship between arm pain and distension of arteries and veins caused by elevation of transmural pressure in local vascular segments

BACKGROUND: Exposure to high +Gz forces may induce arm pain, which has been hypothesized to be caused by pressure-induced overdistension of local blood vessels. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the pressure-distension relation of veins and arteries in the human arm and the relation between arm pain and distension of local vessels. METHODS: Increased distending pressures (DP) in the vasculature of the arm were accomplished by placing the subject (n = 8) in a pressure chamber with one arm positioned through a port in the chamber door, and increasing chamber pressure to +180 mm Hg in a stepwise manner. Diameters in the brachial artery and in the brachial, radial and cephalic veins were measured by ultrasonography. Changes in forearm volume were estimated from measurement of tissue impedance. Perceived pain was rated using a 10-point scale. RESULTS: Arm pain increased with pressure to a maximum rating of 8.5 (= median; range: 4-10). Increasing DP from 30 to 180 mm Hg resulted in a steady increase (p < 0.05) in venous diameter which varied from 12 +/- 8% (mean +/- SD) in the brachial vein to 23 +/- 14% in the radial vein. Inthe brachial vein diameter increases were most pronounced at the sites of the venous valves. Arterial diameter was unchanged up to a DP of about 200 mm Hg (calculated as diastolic arterial pressure + applied chamber pressure), but then increased by 32 +/- 9% (p < 0.001). Forearm impedance dropped with increasing pressure (delta = 23 +/- 5%; p < 0.01); the rate of change was non-linear with a faster change at the highest DP which may indicate pressure distension of precapillary resistance vessels. CONCLUSIONS: Elevation of pressure in arm vessels to levels that may occur in pilots flying high-performance aircraft results in distension not only of veins but also of arteries and probably of smaller precapillary vessels. Therefore, and because these changes coincide with the development of severe arm pain, local overdistension of blood vessels remains a plausible cause of G-induced arm pain.     

Metabolic changes in the thalamus after spinal cord injury followed by proton MR spectroscopy.

Our study followed the changes in thalamic nuclei metabolism, hindlimb sensitivity to thermal stimulation, and locomotor function after spinal cord injury (SCI). MR spectroscopy (MRS) was used to examine the thalamic nuclei of rats 1 day before and 1, 3, 6, and 15 days after SCI or sham surgery. All animals were tested before MRS measurements for motor performance and thermal sensitivity. SCI induced by balloon compression caused complete paraplegia from the first to third day, followed by partial functional recovery during the second week. MRS revealed an increase in N-acetylaspartate (NAA) concentration in the thalamic nuclei on the first day after SCI, which decreased by the third day. The data also showed an increase in inositol (Ins), glutamate, and creatine (Cr) concentrations on the third day postinjury; the Ins concentration remained elevated on the sixth day. In sham-operated animals an increase in NAA concentration was observed on the sixth and fifteenth days after surgery and an increase in Cr concentration on the third day. A positive correlation between Ins concentration and hindlimb sensitivity in both SCI and sham-operated animals suggests changes in glial activity, while changes in NAA levels may indicate the response of thalamic neuronal cells to injury.     

安多霖对微波辐射致大鼠胸腺和脾脏组织学及超微结构损伤的预防作用研究

目的观察安多霖对微波辐射致大鼠胸腺和脾脏组织学及超微结构损伤的预防作用。方法 Wistar雄性大鼠280只,随机分为短期（14 d）及长期（28 d）安多霖预防组,每组140只。每组又随机分为空白对照组、辐射组及0.75、1.5、3 g/（kg.d）安多霖预防组。辐射组及预防组动物连续灌胃给药14 d（每天1次）后进行30 mW/cm2微波辐射15 min,于停药（辐射）后6 h、7 d及14 d将动物分批活杀,采用光镜及电镜观察胸腺和脾脏的组织学及超微结构改变。结果短期安多霖预防组：停药后6 h及7 d,辐射组及0.75 g/（kg.d）安多霖预防组大鼠脾脏组织学及超微结构明显损伤,胸腺无明显改变;1.5及3 g/（kg.d）安多霖预防组：辐射后6 h及7 d,脾脏改变较辐射组明显减轻,停药后14 d各组病变基本恢复;长期预防组改变与短期预防组规律相同。结论预防性给予1.5 g/（kg.d）安多霖可对30 mW/cm2微波辐射引起的大鼠免疫器官结构损伤有明显的改善作用;给药28 d与给药14 d效果无明显差异。     

反复下体负压致意识丧失对大鼠血脑屏障通透性的影响

为阐明多次发生＋Ｇｚ致意识丧失对脑的影响及其机制，观察了反复下体负压（ＬＢＮＰ）致意识丧失对大鼠血脑屏障（ＢＢＢ）通透性的影响。雄性ＳＤ大鼠，麻醉后置于－４．０ｋＰａ的下体负压舱内，至脑电波消失２ｍｉｎ后恢复常压。分别于一次和三次ＬＢＮＰ作用后１ｈ利用硝酸镧示踪法观察ＢＢＢ通透性的变化。一次ＬＢＮＰ致意识丧失组大鼠脑皮层组织变化不明显；三次ＬＢＮＰ致意识丧失组大鼠脑皮层组织中大部分毛细血管内皮细胞     

缺血后处理对全脑缺血损伤后神经元结构可塑性及记忆的影响

目的 观察缺血后处理(Ischemic postconditioning)对全脑缺血损伤后神经元结构可塑性及记忆的影响,从形态学的角度对缺血后处理的保护作用机制进行探讨.方法 SD成年雄性大鼠36只,随机数字表法分为为假手术组、全脑缺血15 min组、全脑缺血+后处理组,每组12只,处理方式为缺血/再灌注各15 s,循环3次.每组6只以Morris水迷宫观察学习记忆,重复性方差分析处理数据,另外6只以高尔基(golgi)银染观察神经元形态与树突棘密度变化,使用方差分析进行统计分析.结果 缺血后处理组逃避潜伏期较全脑缺血组明显缩短(第3天P=0.014,第4天P=0.040第5天P=0.001),缺血后处理组树突棘密度较全脑缺血组明显增多(F=562.820,P＜0.01) 结论缺血后处理对脑缺血所致的记忆损伤有明显的保护作用,其机制可能与减少树突棘的损伤有关.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和丹参对反复高 G_Z暴露大鼠脑组织中bcl-2和p53 mRNA表达的影响

目的　探讨细胞凋亡在反复高 GZ暴露所致脑损伤中的病理作用以及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (b FGF)和丹参对反复高 GZ暴露致脑损伤的防护作用及其机制。　方法　 2 0只 SD大鼠随机分成 5组 ,对照组大鼠 G值为 1GZ,实验组大鼠在动物离心机上经历了 3次 14GZ/4 5 s(两次间间隔 30 m in)作用。 b FGF处理组、丹参处理组和生理盐水处理组在 GZ暴露前后分别给予腹腔注射 b FGF(10 0 μg/kg)、丹参 (15 g/kg)或生理盐水 (2 m l)各一次。于暴露后 6 h处死大鼠取脑 ,用半定量反转录聚合酶链反应 (RT- PCR)方法检测大鼠脑组织中 bcl- 2和 p5 3m RNA表达以及用原位末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶 (Td T)标记法 (TUNEL )检测脑内神经元细胞凋亡情况。　结果　 GZ暴露组可见明显的 bcl- 2、p5 3m RNA表达变化和部分神经细胞凋亡 ,而 b FGF和丹参能阻断 bcl- 2和 p5 3表达变化和抑制神经细胞的凋亡。　结论　 GZ重复暴露可引起大鼠脑神经细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因 bcl- 2和 p5 3的表达变化 ,细胞凋亡是反复高 GZ暴露致脑损伤的机制之一 ,而 b FGF和丹参对 GZ暴露所致的脑损伤具有防护作用。     

Capsaicin-based analgesic balm decreases pressor responses evoked by muscle afferents

Capsaicin-based analgesic balm decreases pressor responses evoked by muscle afferents. Physically active individuals use countless analgesic balm (AB) products with various active ingredients daily. Despite this, few studies have investigated the mechanism of action and efficacy of AB. PURPOSE: We examined the effects of capsaicin (CAP) application on pressor responses evoked by muscle contraction (MC), which are mediated by group III and IV muscle afferents. METHODS: Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and end-tidal CO2 were monitored in cats (N = 12) decerebrated under halothane. Decerebration eliminated anesthesia use and effects from the higher brain. Electrical stimulation of L7 and S1 ventral roots evoked static hindlimb MC (30 s). After control runs, a commercial CAP (4.95% Oleoresin Capsicum) AB was applied to the skin over the contracting muscles of one hindlimb. MC were evoked every 10 min, alternating between hindlimbs. Data were analyzed with RM ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. RESULTS: Changes in peak mean arterial pressure (MAP) induced by static ipsilateral MC were significantly attenuated at 20 min and tended to approach baseline levels at 40 min after CAP application. The mean (+/- SEM) of the peak MAP for the ipsilateral side just before application (T = 0), at 20 min (T+20), and 40 min (T+40) were 28.3 mm Hg +/- 6.4, 13.8 mm Hg +/-2.9, and 22.6 mm Hg +/- 5.2, respectively. There were no significant changes in HR. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular effects due to activation of group III and IV afferent fibers were significantly attenuated by the application of CAP. The time course of the effects appeared to support the need for repeated CAP application for pain relief. Central nervous system circuitry responsible for this effect awaits elucidation.     

活化小胶质细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的疗效初探

目的 研究活性小胶质细胞移植对脊髓损伤后大鼠运动功能恢复的作用.方法 选用成年雌性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为4组,前两组为运动功能观察组,采用自制改良Allen脊髓打击装置打击脊髓,建立中度脊髓损伤的动物模型,分成移植组和对照组,每组10只.后两组为组织学观察组,用相同方法制作动物模型,也分为移植组与对照组,每组10只.在动物模型制作早期进行新生大鼠小胶质细胞的培养、分离以及纯化,并对小胶质细胞进行鉴定和细胞纯度的测定.移植组术后7 d再次暴露损伤部位,微量注射器以损伤部位为中心注射移植活化小胶质细胞悬液.而对照组不移植.运动功能观察组分别在移植后第1天、第1,2,3,4周对大鼠进行运动功能评分;组织学观察组在相同时相点进行Naoumenko及Feigin小胶质细胞石蜡切片染色,每个时间点移植组和对照组每组随机抽取两只大鼠取材切片,镜下观察并计数小胶质细胞.对所得数据进行统计学分析.结果 术后1,2,3,4周,对照组与移植组随时间延长BBB评分均逐渐升高,移植组术后2,3,4周后肢运动功能评分较对照组明显升高(P＜0.05);Naoumenko-Feigin染色计数,移植组比同期对照组阳性细胞数显著增多(P＜0.05).结论 小胶质细胞移植可促进脊髓损伤大鼠后肢运动功能的恢复.     

Fibroblast responses to variation in soft tissue mobilization pressure

Augmented soft tissue mobilization therapy (ASTM), a newly developed massage therapy, has been successfully used in the treatment of chronic tendinitis patients. We theorized that the ASTM technique promotes healing through a controlled application of microtrauma. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine morphologic changes in the rat Achilles tendon after enzyme-induced injury with collagenase and subsequent pressure variations in ASTM therapy. METHODS: Thirty male white rats were randomly assigned to one of five groups with six animals per group: tendinitis (A), tendinitis plus light ASTM (B), tendinitis plus medium ASTM (C), tendinitis plus extreme ASTM (D), and control with surgery only (E). ASTM was performed for 3 min, for a total of six treatment sessions. The Achilles tendons of each group were harvested 1 wk after the last ASTM treatment. Fibroblast numbers were assessed by light microscopy. An electron microscope was used to observe enlargement of fibroblasts. RESULTS: Statistical analysis of the number of fibroblasts present indicated a significant difference (P<0.00) between group D and all other groups. CONCLUSION: The morphological evidence indicated that the application of heavy pressure promoted the healing process to a greater degree than light or moderate pressure.     

胸部撞击伤复合脂多糖致急性肺损伤大鼠模型的建立

目的建立SD（SpragueDawley）大鼠经胸部撞击复合内毒素所致急性肺损伤（ALI）模型,为后续Au的救治和发病机制研究提供支撑。方法采用BMI-Ⅲ型生物撞击机,对SD大鼠行右侧胸部准静态正面撞击,比较动物受撞击后的呼吸及伤后24h肺部大体伤情。确认25kPa为合适的驱动压力后,于撞击后即刻通过尾静脉分别注射10、15、20mg／kg3种剂量脂多糖（LPS）,观察伤后动物的死亡率及肺损伤病理情况。结果250kPa所致肺损伤伤情中度,动物无死亡。撞击后即刻复合LPS的3种剂量中,20rag／kg可致动物48h死亡率为80％,10rag／kg则致动物48h死亡率仅20％,15mg／kg致动物48h死亡率为70％。250kPa＋15mg／kg条件下的肺组织病理检测可见撞击区旁红细胞、炎细胞聚集,肺泡腔及肺泡间隔出现粉红色液体,肺泡间隔增厚等ALl典型病变。结论以250kPa驱动压力行右侧胸部撞击复合15mg／kg的LPS静脉注射,既保证伤情达到一定严重程度,又保证后续能得到有效的治疗观察结果,为最佳致伤条件。所建立的大鼠ALl动物模型操作简便,致伤参数可控,且重复性好,病变典型,可作为研究急性肺损伤较理想的实马龠动物樽型．     

Effects of topical analgesics on the pressor response evoked by muscle afferents

PURPOSE: Pressor responses are reflexly evoked by the activation of groups III and IV muscle afferents, which are also known to mediate nociceptive responses. In this experiment, the effects of analgesic balm (AB) application on these responses were investigated without the interference of other types of anesthesia or effects from the higher brain. METHODS: Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, and end-tidal CO(2) were monitored in midcollicularly decerebrated cats. Static contractions (30 s) of hindlimb muscles were evoked by electric stimulation of L7 and S1 ventral roots. After control runs, a commercial AB (1% capsaicin, 12.5% methyl salicylate) was applied to the skin surface over the contracting muscles. Muscle contractions were evoked every 10 min, alternating between the two hindlimbs. RESULTS: Changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) evoked by static ipsilateral muscular contraction were significantly attenuated 20 min and 40 min after AB application. The decreases in the pressor response were significant at both the initial and the last parts of the stimulus intervention after 20 min of AB application. There were no significant changes in the response to contraction of the hindlimb contralateral to the AB application. Application of AB to the contralateral leg did not add to the ipsilateral effects. CONCLUSIONS: AB application to the skin surface over contracting muscles significantly decreased autonomic responses to static muscular contraction. This effect was independent of higher cortical processing and strongly suggests that application of methyl salicylate and capsaicin on the skin has analgesic effects on signals from receptors located in muscle.     

Contrast media-induced renal morphologic lesions during experimental hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES. Contrast media-induced renal morphologic changes were studied in rats. Hemorrhagic pancreatitis was induced as a means of sensitizing the animals to the effects of contrast media. METHODS. The histologically verified hemorrhagic pancreatitis was induced in Wistar rats (n = 66) by injecting 6% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. After 2 hours, the animals received intravenously 1.0 or 3.0 g iodine/kg of high-osmolal osmolal diatrizoate, low-osmolal iopromide or iohexol, iso-osmolal iotrolan or 0.2 or 0.6 g/kg of high-osmolal magnetic resonance contrast agent, gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA). Control animals received physiologic saline. The kidneys were fixed by perfusion 2 hours later, and the morphologic changes were reviewed by two independent observers blinded to the injected agent. RESULTS. The smaller dose of iohexol and the larger dose of all the contrast media induced a statistically significant (P < .001 or .01) cytoplasmic vacuolization in the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) cells. The nonionic, low- and iso-osmolal contrast media caused as much or even significantly more vacuolization than diatrizoate. CONCLUSIONS. Hemorrhagic pancreatitis potentiates the contrast media-induced renal morphologic changes, which depend on the type and dose of the injected contrast media.     

神经干细胞与原浆型星形胶质细胞联合移植对大鼠脊髓半切空洞损伤的修复作用

目的 观察神经干细胞(NSC)与原浆型星形胶质细胞(PAS)联合移植对大鼠损伤脊髓功能和形态的修复作用. 方法 60只Wistar大鼠,制成脊髓L1～L2左侧半切空洞损伤模型,采用随机数字表法分为损伤组(A组)、损伤后移植PAS组(B组)、移植NSC组(C组)、NSC和PAS按2:1比例联合移植组(D组),每组15只.伤后1,4,8周进行伤侧下肢BBB评分、体感诱发电位(SEP)和运动诱发电位(MEP)检测;8周损伤部位脊髓组织进行HE、Nissl、Holmes银染,观察移植物在损伤脊髓中的形态学变化. 结果 (1)行为学观察:4周时,各组间开始出现差异;8周时,组间差异更为明显,尤其D组大鼠最明显,已能行走,行走时频繁足底离地,并能与前后肢体协调运动,B、C组功能有一定改善,可支重性足底踏步,前后肢共济协调,但仍和D组存在明显差距,A组后肢关节活动幅度增加,足底仍不能着地支重.(2)电生理检查:1周时,各组MEP峰潜时(以N1波计算)和SEP峰潜时(以P1波计算)开始出现差异,至4,8周,B、C、D组峰潜时明显缩短,但D组缩短最为显著(P<0.01).(3)病理观察:8周时,A组缺损严重,新生组织较少,B、C、D组缺损组织基本填补完全,损伤空洞闭合,未见明显的炎症反应,B组损伤处可见大量形态不同、大小不等的新生胶质细胞,胶质纤维排列紊乱,病理染色未见神经元;C组损伤处新生组织较多,以神经胶质细胞为主,少量神经元分布,且可见再生纤维连接;D组损伤处新生组织填补缺损完全,胶质纤维中可见形态典型的新生神经元,数量明显多于C组. 结论 NSC和PAS联合移植到损伤脊髓组织后,能够存活、分化并从结构和功能上较好地修复组织缺损区域.     

大鼠头颅侧向旋转致脑弥漫性轴索损伤的NF68免疫组化形态学观察

目的探讨大鼠头颅侧向旋转后脑弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)的形态学改变。方法大鼠12只,随机均分为损伤后30min、2h、24h及对照组,制作头颅侧向旋转脑DAI模型。脑矢状切片经用小鼠抗神经纤维丝(NF)蛋白NF68亚单位的血清、免疫组化ABC法与DAB+H2O2显色技术等处理。选延髓部分,薄片间包埋,光镜定位,阳性区超薄切片,电镜观察。结果伤后30min光镜下延髓轴索迂曲肿胀;电镜下髓鞘轻度分离,轴浆NF结构紊乱。伤后2～24h,轴索破坏随时间渐重,光镜下轴索明显肿胀、断裂并形成轴缩球;电镜下髓鞘显著分离,局部断裂,线粒体空泡变并移向周边,部分胞浆溶解。和正常对照比,伤后轴索轴浆NF68染色也明显增强;伴随轴索结构的变化,NF68阳性轴索染色强度和数量逐步递增。结论大鼠头颅侧向旋转后脑神经轴索内NF蛋白的NF68亚单位免疫活性显著增强,引起NF结构紊乱,终致轴索肿胀、断裂并形成轴缩球。     

PPAR-δ在高压氧诱导大鼠肺组织损伤中的作用

目的研究过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体-δ（PPAR-δ）在高压氧（hyperbaric oxygen,HBO2）诱导大鼠肺组织损伤中的作用。方法 60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为6组：air＋vehicle,air＋GW0742,air＋GSK0660,HBO2＋vehicle,HBO2＋GW0742,HBO2＋GSK0660,每组10只,分别暴露于常压空气或2.3 ATA纯氧中8 h。分别于进舱前1、6、12 h给予大鼠腹腔注射溶于10%二甲亚砜（DMSO）中的生理盐水（0.3 ml）、PPAR-δ激动剂GW0742（0.3 mg/kg,ip）、PPAR-δ阻滞剂GSK0660（1 mg/kg,ip）。出舱后30 min检测肺组织湿干比、肺泡灌洗液蛋白含量、肺组织病理形态变化。结果与结论与空气对照组比较,HBO2＋GW0742组大鼠肺组织湿干比、支气管肺泡灌洗液蛋白含量、组织病理学损伤改变减轻,而GSK0660应用能加重肺组织损伤。PPAR-δ激活对高压氧诱导的肺型氧中毒具有保护作用。     

Bioprotection by local and whole-body preheating--bioprotection of damage to mice tongue from burning by local preheating of oral cavity and of radiation damage of small intestine from whole-body preheating

We have reported the cytoprotective effects of HSP 70 on various stress damage induced by mild heating. In this study, we examined the cytoprotective effects of HSP 70 induced by the local preheating of the oral cavity of mice at 42 degrees C for 30 min, and the following results (1-4) were obtained. We also examined the cytoprotective effects against radiation injury by whole-body preheating at 41.3-41.6 degrees C for 30 min (5-6). 1) The concentration of HSP 70 in lymphocytes was increased 2 days after preheating, but not significantly. 2) The concentration of HSP 70 in masseter muscle was significantly increased 2 days after preheating. 3) Under non-heat stress (control), tongue muscle was strongly stained with immunoblotting of HSP 72 antibody, an antibody of induced-type HSP 70. 4) Tongue damage and weight loss of the mice in the preheating group, whose tongues were burned, were less than in the control group. These results showed that HSP 70 induced by local preheating of the oral cavity protected against tongue damage from burning. 5) Radiation injury of the small intestine on HE stain of whole-body radiated mice was obviously reduced by whole-body preheating. 6) Decrease of the ratio of the villus length to the crypt of whole body-irradiated mice was significantly improved by whole-body preheating. From these results, it was concluded that local and whole-body preheating were useful for cytoprotection from stressful damage.     

Contrast media-induced renal morphologic changes in rats with acute edematous pancreatitis.

OBJECTIVES. Contrast media (CM)-induced renal morphologic changes were studied in rats during acute edematous pancreatitis. METHODS. The histologically verified, mild pancreatitis was caused in Wistar rats (n = 54) by an injection of peanut oil into the pancreatic duct. After 24 hours, the animals received an intravenous (IV) injection of 1.0 or 3.0 g iodine (I)/kg of high-osmolality diatrizoate, low-osmolality iopromide or iohexol, or 0.2 or 0.6 g/kg of high-osmolality magnetic resonance (MR) CM, gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA). The controls received physiologic saline. The kidneys were fixed by perfusion after 2 hours, and changes in renal morphology were analyzed semiquantitatively by two independent observers blinded to the treatment. RESULTS. The smaller dose of iohexol and the larger dose of all other CM induced a statistically significant (P less than .05) cytoplasmic vacuolization in the proximal convoluted tubule cells. The changes were most prominent after iohexol (P less than .001). When compared with the authors' earlier findings on healthy rats, the CM-induced renal structural injury was more severe. CONCLUSIONS. Pancreatitis potentiates the renal microstructural changes associated with CM; although the animals' fluid and electrolyte status was not specifically assessed, the enhanced abnormalities may be related to the hypovolemia associated with pancreatitis.