Serum levels of interleukin 6 in patients with lung cancer.

Serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were measured in 75 patients with lung cancer and in 20 patients with benign lung diseases. IL-6 was detectable in 29 patients with lung cancer (39%), but was not detectable in any of the patients with benign lung diseases. Serum C-reactive protein levels and plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly higher and serum albumin concentration was significantly lower in lung cancer patients with detectable serum IL-6 levels than in those without detectable serum IL-6 levels and in patients with benign lung diseases. On the other hand, no significant difference was observed in blood platelet counts in these three groups. Moreover, serum IL-6 levels were not significantly different in lung cancer patients with or without clinically demonstrated distant metastasis. These results suggest that IL-6 may be a mediator of various reactions including an inflammatory response in lung cancer patients.     

Serum level of interleukin 6 as a prognosis factor in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Interleukin (IL) 6 was measured in the serum of 138 patients with metastatic renal carcinoma before the initiation of IL-2 treatment. IL-6 was detectable in 66 patients with renal cancer (48%) and in only 8 of 70 normal adults (11%). Serum C reactive protein (CRP) and IL-6 levels are correlated, suggesting that IL-6 is involved in CRP increase in these patients. The interval between diagnosis of the primary tumor and metastasis was shorter in patients with a detectable serum IL-6 and/or serum CRP level greater than 50 mg/liter. Serum IL-6 and CRP levels were higher in subgroups of patients previously defined as having a poor life expectancy according to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group criteria. Pretreatment concentrations of IL-6 and CRP were higher in patients who experienced progressive disease after IL-2 treatment. Patients with detectable IL-6 had a shorter survival from the beginning of IL-2 treatment than patients without circulating IL-6 (median, 8 versus 16 months). Similarly, the median survival from the beginning of IL-2 therapy of patients with CRP levels greater than 50 mg/liter was 6 months, compared to 16 months in those with CRP levels below this threshold. None of the 21 patients with serum IL-6 concentrations greater than 300 pg/ml achieved response to any of the three IL-2 regimens. This subgroup has a median survival of 5 months after IL-2 treatment and consisted of 15% of the patients in our series. These results indicate that serum IL-6 and CRP levels are adverse prognosis factors in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Serum IL-6 level could help in the selection or stratification of the patients in future IL-2 trials.     

Serum levels of leptin and proinflammatory cytokines in advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer

In this study, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic roles and the effects of chemotherapy of serum proinflammatory cytokines consisting of IL-6, TNF-alpha, CRP, and leptin levels in patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Twenty-eight patients newly diagnosed of non-surgical advanced non-small cell lung cancer and 15 healthy controls were included. All patients with good performance status were treated with combination therapy consisting of cisplatin plus vinorelbine chemotherapy. Blood samples were obtained in fasting conditions before chemotherapy first and after two cycles of chemotherapy. IL-6 and TNF-alpha immunoassays employ the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. Leptin (Sandwich) ELISA is a solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the sandwich principle. CRP is a photometric immunoturbidimetric test. Most of the patients were elderly, male predominance, good performance status, and no or less than 10% weight loss. Higher serum TNF-alpha (p < 0.001) and CRP (p < 0.001), and lower leptin (p = 0.021) levels in patients than in controls. Serum IL-6 cytokine (p = 0.693) levels were not significantly different. No statistically significant relationships between investigated serum parameters and various characteristics of patient and disease. Likewise, serum levels of leptin, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and CRP were all similar in lung cancer patients independently from severity of weight loss (p > 0.05). A direct relationship was found between serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels (r = 0.530, p = 0.004). We found that both serum leptin (p = 0.046) and IL-6 (p = 0.002) levels were decreased owing to the chemotherapy effect independently from chemotherapy response. However, serum TNF-alpha and CRP levels were not changed by the chemotherapy effect. The stage of the disease, serum LDH levels, performance status, and responsiveness to chemotherapy yielded prognostic value. Only serum IL-6 levels out of the parameters showed a trend (p = 0.06) related to a worse prognosis.     

检测肺癌患者血清p53抗体的临床意义

目的:探讨检测肺癌患者血清p53抗体的临床意义。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附法检测120例肺癌患者血清p53抗体,并以30例肺部良性疾病患者和120例正常健康人作对照。结果:肺癌患者血清p53抗体水平明显高于肺部良性疾病患者和正常人(P<0.05),而正常人与肺部良性疾病患者间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。120例肺癌中26例p53抗体阳性,阳性率为21.7%,而30例肺部良性疾病患者和120例正常人无1例阳性。肺癌者血清p53抗体与肺癌细胞分化程度和临床分期有密切关系(P<0.01)。结论:检测血清p53抗体水平有助于肺部良恶性疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断。     

Anaemia in patients with cancer: role of inflammatory activity on iron metabolism and severity of anaemia

Hepcidin has been proposed as an important factor in the pathogenesis of the anaemia of chronic disease (ACD). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between anaemia and inflammatory activity in patients with solid tumours. Patients were classified as having iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) (hypoferremia and hypoferretinemia), ACD (hypoferremia, normal or increased serum ferritin) and anaemia related to cancer (ARC) (no abnormalities in iron status). Serum pro-hepcidin, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP) and iron status parameters were measured using commercial kits. CRP and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with ACD when compared to IDA, ARC and non anaemic patients (P < 0.005). Serum pro-hepcidin levels were not different among all studied groups (P = 0.138). A negative correlation was observed between haemoglobin and serum ferritin, CRP and IL-6 levels only in group of ACD. Serum pro-hepcidin concentrations were not correlated with degree of anaemia or iron metabolism parameters. According to our results the inflammatory activity represented by high levels of IL-6 and CRP are involved in the pathogenesis of ACD, probably due to the action of inflammation on iron metabolism, but not in ARC. It was not possible to demonstrate a significant effect of pro-hepcidin on the anaemia in cancer patients.     

Involvement of interleukin-6 in the elevation of plasma fibrinogen levels in lung cancer patients

BACKGROUND: Involvements of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and fibrinogen in cancer development have been independently studied. However, the association of these molecules in cancer patients remains uncertain. This study was conducted to clarify the association according to the clinicopathological characteristics of lung cancer patients. METHODS: Serum IL-6 levels assayed in 339 patients without pleural effusion were assessed according to clinical stage, histological type of the cancer and levels of fibrin (ogen) degradation products (FDP), and C-reactive protein (CRP). RESULTS: Elevations of serum IL-6 levels more than 4 pg/ml were found in 37.8% of all patients. According to the clinical stage and histological type, the elevations were significantly more frequent in the advanced stage (44.7%), in squamous cell (49.1%) and large cell carcinomas (63.6%). Similarly, the frequency of the elevated cases (> 400 mg/dl) and the mean value of the fibrinogen level were also higher in the advanced stage (54.2%, 455.0 mg/dl) and large cell carcinoma (54.6%, 459.3 mg/dl), respectively. The elevations of fibrinogen, FDP and CRP levels were found to be related to those of the IL-6 level. CONCLUSION: In lung cancer, serum IL-6 elevations are particularly frequent in the advanced stages of patients with squamous cell and large cell carcinoma, which are associated with the elevated levels of fibrinogen, suggesting a possibility that IL-6 was involved not only directly, but also indirectly, through regulating plasma fibrinogen with promotion of cancer development in vivo.      

血清C反应蛋白、降钙素原及髓样细胞触发受体-1对非小细胞肺癌术后肺部细菌感染的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)及髓样细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)联合检查对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者术后并发肺部细菌感染的诊断价值.方法 选取实施肺癌根治性手术的NSCLC患者212例进行前瞻性研究,根据术后是否发生肺部感染分为感染组44例、非感染组168例,对比两组患者术后第1 d、...     

Serum interleukin 6, plasma VEGF, serum VEGF, and VEGF platelet load in breast cancer patients

Serum and plasma concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (sVEGF and pVEGF), serum concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6), and VEGF platelet load (VEGF/pl) in the blood of healthy controls (n = 26), breast cancer patients with locoregional disease (n = 31), and patients with progressive advanced disease (n = 73) have been compared. The 95th percentile values for the control population were 250 pg/mL for sVEGF, 30 pg/mL for pVEGF, and 1.6 pg/mL for IL-6. The 95th percentile value of the calculated VEGF/pl was 1.0 pg/10(6) platelets in the control population. Serum VEGF concentrations correlated with platelet number in all the groups. Patients with thrombocytosis had a median sVEGF concentration of 833 pg/mL, compared to 249 pg/mL in other patients (P = 0.018). Serum IL-6 levels correlated with sVEGF levels and with the calculated VEGF/pl. Serum IL-6 concentration was significantly higher in patients with breast cancer compared to healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Median IL-6 serum levels were nearly 10 times higher in patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to the those with locoregional disease (6.0 pg/mL versus 0.7 pg/mL, respectively). Plasma VEGF and the VEGF/pl were also significantly different in the 3 groups. The ratio between sVEGF and pVEGF tended to be smaller in the metastatic breast cancer group compared to the patients with locoregional disease (median, 7.5 versus 10.1, respectively; P = 0.066), suggestive of more intravasal platelet degranulation in the former group. Serum IL-6 level is the most discriminative factor separating healthy controls and the locoregional and metastatic breast cancer patient groups. These results suggest a role for tumor-derived IL-6 in regulating VEGF expression in platelets and their precursors and also confirm the role of circulating platelets in the storage of VEGF.     

Circulating human interleukin-8 as an indicator of cancer progression in a nude rat orthotopic human non-small cell lung carcinoma model

Clinically relevant animal models of human cancer are necessary for the evaluation of putative therapeutics. We hypothesized that circulating human lung cancer-associated proteins would correlate with physiologic measurements from an orthotopic H460 human non-small cell lung carcinoma model that we developed in immunodeficient rats. Physiologic measurements and serum samples were collected over time. Serum interleukin-8 (IL-8), p53, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were quantitated for correlation with physiologic measurements. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and p53 were not significantly detectable. Circulating vascular endothelial growth factor was detected at high levels in some tumor-bearing animals. Human IL-8 was detectable in all tumor-bearing animals and correlated positively with markers of respiratory acidosis (pH, P = 0.012; TCO(2), P = 0.024; pCO(2), P = 0.007; and HCO(3)(-), P = 0.029) and with surface body temperature (P = 0.001) beginning on day 16 after implantation. IL-8 levels negatively correlated with survival (P < 0.001), indicating an association with tumor burden. Circulating human IL-8 might be a useful, clinically relevant circulating tumor protein marker due to its positive correlation with multiple physiologic variables associated with lung cancer progression.     

Serum beta 2-microglobulin in patients with bronchial carcinoma and controls

We measured serum levels of beta 2-microglobulin in 467 patients mainly with suspected pulmonary malignancy. By applying serum concentrations of 3.0 mg/liter as the normal upper limit, we found elevated levels in 21% of the patients with verified bronchial carcinoma (n = 230) and in 11% of the patients with lung diseases of infectious, inflammatory, or other origins but without proven malignancy. A rise in serum beta 2-microglobulin levels with advancing age was demonstrated in cancer patients and controls. No significant differences in serum concentrations were seen between cancer patients subgrouped according to the WHO clssification. Serial measurements on cancer patients generally revealed increasing serum-beta 2-microglobulin with time. The most striking elevations during tumor growth were observed in patients with small cell anaplastic or epidermoid carcinoma. After surgical removal of the lung tumor, no decrease of beta 2-microglobulin was found. Patients who at admission had low circulating levels of beta 2-microglobulin (less than 1.5 mg/liter) had a better prognosis than those with serum beta 2-microglobulin greater than 3.0 mg/liter. The mechanism behind elevated beta 2-microglobulin in bronchial carcinoma and the variation of this protein during progression of the cancer disease is unknown. One possible interpretation is that levels increase as a consequence of an increased cell turnover in tumor tissue in combination with an enhanced immune response secondary to the malignant process.     

Serum biomarkers for predicting overall survival and early mortality in older patients with metastatic solid tumors

ObjectivesWe aimed to explore serum biomarkers for predicting survival of older patients with metastatic solid tumors who received first line palliative chemotherapy.Materials and MethodsSerum samples were prospectively collected before first-line chemotherapy at 11 academic centers in Korea. All patients were participants in a prospective cohort study of older patients with metastatic solid tumors. Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), CXCL10, SIRT1, VEGF-A, activin A, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTx), total 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured by ELISA and interleukin-6 (IL-6), myostatin, irisin, FGF-19, FGF-21, FGF-23 by Luminex multiplex assay. Overall survival (OS) was determined.ResultsSerum samples from 138 patients (median age: 75 years, range: 70–92 years) were collected from February 2014 to December 2016. During a median follow up time of 13.8 months, 73 (52.9%) patients died. Among 13 serum markers, CRP (log-rank, P = 0.009), activin A (P = 0.007), and myostatin (P = 0.047) were significantly correlated with OS in univariate analyses. Activin A (hazard ratio [HR] 2.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32–3.72; P = 0.003) and myostatin (HR 3.02, 95% CI 1.39–6.57; P = 0.005) were significantly associated with OS after adjustment for other clinical factors. In predicting early (6-month) mortality, two inflammatory markers, IL-6 and CRP, were included in the decision-tree model.ConclusionIn older patients with cancer, high serum concentrations of activin A and myostatin were predictive of poor OS. IL-6 and CRP might be useful to select older patients at risk of early mortality. These markers could be incorporated into predictive tools for clinical decision-making and warrant further investigation.     

Serum sialyltransferase and fucosyltransferase activities in patients with bronchial carcinoma

Serum sialyltransferases and fucosyltransferases measured by an affinity adsorbent technique were studied in 27 exactly defined patients with malignant pulmonary diseases. Fourteen patients with benign pulmonary diseases and 56 with benign surgical diseases were used as controls. Enzyme activities were expressed as amounts of labeled precursor molecules incorporated into endogenous acceptors in counts per minute (cpm). The mean sialyltransferase activity was 583 cpm in bronchial carcinoma, 485 cpm in benign pulmonary disease and 428 cpm in benign surgical disease. The only statistically significant difference was between bronchial carcinoma and benign surgical disease. The mean fucosyltransferase activity was 813 cpm in bronchial carcinoma, 436 cpm in benign pulmonary disease and 255 cpm in benign surgical disease. All the differences were statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences between the WHO histologic bronchial carcinoma groups. The correlation between sialyltransferase and fucosyltransferase activity in bronchial carcinoma was statistically significant (r = 0.59). In squamous cell carcinoma (N = 6), it was strongly significant (r = 0.96) and there was a significant correlation also in small cell carcinoma (N = 10; r = 0.79) but not in adenocarcinoma (N = 9; r = 0.30) and benign pulmonary disease (N = 14; r = 0.44). It is suggested that serum sialyltransferases and fucosyl transferases would not be decisive for diagnosis when used alone in bronchial carcinoma, but could be included in a screening test battery.     

Prognostic value of serum levels of interleukin 6 and of serum and plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in hormone-refractory metastatic breast cancer patients

Prediction of survival for patients with metastatic breast cancer is often inaccurate and may be helped by new biological parameters. Tumour growth being angiogenesis-dependent, it has been hypothesised that the assessment of angiogenic factor production might reflect the clinical behaviour of cancer progression. This study was designed to investigate the clinical significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in hormone-refractory metastatic breast cancer. Serum and plasma concentrations of VEGF and serum concentration of IL-6 were measured in 87 patients with a fully documented history of metastatic breast cancer using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. All patients had detectable levels of VEGF, whereas 39% patients had detectable serum levels of IL-6. There was a positive correlation between IL-6 levels and the theoretical VEGF load of platelets (P<0.001). The presence of high levels of serum IL-6, but not VEGF, was significantly correlated to a shorter survival. In a multivariate analysis along with clinical prognostic parameters, serum IL-6 was identified as an independent adverse prognostic variable for overall survival (P&<0.001). These results indicate that serum IL-6 levels correlate to poor survival in patients with hormone-refractory metastatic breast cancer. Vascular endothelial growth factor serum and plasma levels are not useful indicators of prognosis for these patients.     

盐酸埃克替尼治疗EGFR突变型老年非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效与安全性分析

目的:探讨盐酸埃克替尼治疗EGFR突变型老年非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选择2015年4月至2017年6月接受治疗的EGFR突变型老年非小细胞肺癌患者110例,随机数字法分为对照组（n=55例）和观察组（n=55例）。对照组采用吉非替尼治疗,观察组采用盐酸埃克替尼治疗,采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定两组患者血清C反应蛋白（CRP）、血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）及白细胞介素-2受体（IL-2R）水平,比较两组患者临床疗效及安全性。结果:观察组治疗4周后有效率为34.55%,高于对照组25.45%（P<0.05）;两组患者治疗前炎症因子水平差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组化疗后CRP、SAA、IL-6及IL-2R水平均得到提高;观察组治疗4周后CRP、SAA、IL-6及IL-2R水平,均低于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组治疗4周后药物毒副反应发生率为21.82%,低于对照组的32.73%（P<0.05）。结论:将盐酸埃克替尼用于治疗EGFR突变型老年非小细胞肺癌患者有助于提高临床疗效,降低炎症因子水平,安全性较高,值得推广应用。     

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) elevated in serum but not in bronchial lavage fluid in patients with lung cancer

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family member MMP-9 degrades type IV collagen, which is one of the main constituents of the basement membrane. MMP-9 is closely associated with the invasive and metastatic potential of most types of lung cancer. In this study we investigated the levels of MMP-9 in serum and bronchial lavage fluid from lung cancer patients and compared them with the levels in patients with nonmalignant lung disease. We also attempted to clarify the possible relationship between serum and bronchial lavage fluid MMP-9 levels and histopathology, staging and metastasis of lung cancer. STUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of 34 patients with lung cancer. The control group comprised 21 patients with nonmalignant lung disease. MMP-9 levels in serum and bronchial lavage fluid were evaluated by ELISA. RESULTS: MMP-9 levels in serum samples from the group with malignant disease were significantly higher than those from the control group (P <0.05). Bronchial lavage MMP-9 levels did not differ significantly between the two groups (P > 0.05). Serum MMP-9 levels were two-fold higher than those in bronchial lavage, but there was no correlation between bronchial lavage and serum levels in both groups (r = 0.18, P > 0.05). In the group with malignant disease, MMP-9 levels in serum and bronchial lavage fluid did not show any relationship with histopathological type and tumor stage. There was a statistically significant correlation between serum MMP-9 levels and local tumor stage in smoking non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (r = 0.33, P < 0.05). Karnofsky scores of lung cancer patients were inversely correlated with MMP-9 levels of serum (r = -0.39, P < 0.05) but not of bronchial lavage fluid. CONCLUSION: From our data it can be concluded that MMP-9 levels of serum but not of bronchial lavage fluid can be helpful in differentiating between malignant and benign lung diseases, and are related to the local stage in NSCLC patients and general clinical status of lung cancer patients.     

胃癌患者血清炎性因子水平的检验分析

目的:探讨胃癌患者血清炎性因子的表达水平检测在其临床诊治中的意义。方法:选取92例胃癌患者为观察组,并选择同期105例发生胃良性病变的患者作为良性病变对照组,同期76例急性胃炎和胃溃疡合并作为急性炎症对照组,对三组患者的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、中期因子（MK）、白细胞介素（IL）-6、白细胞介素（IL）-8和C-反应蛋白（CRP）表达水平进行检测,比较上述血清炎性因子在三组中的表达情况。结果:胃癌患者TNF-α、MK、IL-6、IL-8、CRP等血清炎性因子水平分别为（15.7±2.1）ng·L-1、（616.5±254.6）pg·ml-1、（12.6±2.4）ng·L-1、（234.3±31.4）ng·L-1、（12.3±2.6）mg·L-1,与胃良性病变组和急性炎症对照组比较,均明显增高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。胃良性病变组上述血清炎性因子水平和急性炎症对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。TNF-α、MK、IL-6、IL-8、CRP等血清炎性因子在胃癌组III期-IV期和发生淋巴结转移患者的表达水平,分别与I期-II期和无淋巴结转移患者相比显著增高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:TNF-α、MK、IL-6、IL-8、CRP等血清炎性因子与胃癌的发生和进展具有一定的相关性,有进一步扩大研究的价值。     

Serum levels of interleukin-6 in patients with primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Interleukin (IL)-6 plays a central role as a differentiation and growth factor of tumor cells. IL-6 has been identified in a wide variety of malignancies, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the serum levels of IL-6 in HNSCC patients and the biological characteristics of the tumor as well as the clinicopathological status of the patients. The circulating level of IL-6 in sera from patients with various HNSCC (n = 90) as well as from healthy normal controls (n = 39) was investigated. Serum IL-6 concentrations were determined as serum immunoreactivity using a quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique. For statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test was performed. The majority of the patients with HNSCC were found to have high serum IL-6 concentrations. The IL-6 levels in the sera of patients with cancer ranged from below the detection limit to 312.8 pg/ml (mean, 19.5 pg/ml). In contrast, the IL-6 serum levels in 39 healthy individuals ranged from below the detection limit to 52.2 pg/ml (mean, 6.0 pg/ml), with the concentration being significantly higher in HNSCC patients (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the correlation of the IL-6 serum concentration with tumor stage was significant (p = 0.04). Accordingly, there was a significant difference of IL-6 serum concentration of tumors with positive and negative lymph nodes (p = 0.045), with concentration being significantly higher in lymph node-positive tumors. Our data on elevated IL-6 serum levels in the majority of HNSCC cancer patients and its correlation with tumor stage and lymph node status suggest that serum IL-6 reflects the proliferative activity of the tumor in patients with head and neck cancer. IL-6 serum determinations might serve as a biological marker and help to identify advanced head and neck tumors.     

晚期肺癌患者癌症相关性疲乏的发生及其与血清炎性因子的关系

目的 本研究拟评估晚期肺癌患者癌症相关性疲乏（cancer-related fatigue, CRF）发生情况,测定血清中CRP、CORT、IL-6的水平,探究该指标与CRF之间的相关性。方法 应用FACIT-F量表对51例晚期肺癌患者进行CRF评估。采用免疫比浊法测定血清CRP水平,免疫微粒电发光法测定CORT水平,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附ELISA法测定IL-6水平。采用Spearman相关分析方法分析量表得分与血清炎性因子水平的相关程度。应用Logistic回归分析进行危险因素分析。结果 27例患者附加关注子量表得分≤34分,CRF发生率为52.9%。存在疼痛的患者身体状况及附加关注得分低于无疼痛患者（P=0.009, P=0.018）。睡眠障碍显著影响身体状况、附加关注及总分值得分,存在睡眠障碍者三项得分均明显低于无睡眠障碍患者（P<0.01）。血清CRP水平与身体状况、功能状况、附加关注、总得分呈负相关（P值分别为0.004、0.027、0.007、0.013）。IL-6水平与身体状况、附加关注及总分值呈负相关（P值分别为0.044、0.029、0.023）。CORT水平与量表得分无显著相关。睡眠障碍和疼痛是CRF的独立危险因素,OR值分别为6.167、7.405（P=0.010, P=0.005）。结论 血清IL-6、CRP水平高低与患者疲乏程度显著相关,血清IL-6、CRP水平越高与患者疲乏程度相关性越显著,IL-6、CRP可作为临床监测疲乏程度的指标。合并疼痛、睡眠障碍的患者更容易发生疲乏、疲乏程度更严重。     

A New Serum Tumor Marker, CAM 123-6, Highly Specific to Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma

KL-6, a circulating mucin-like glycoprotein, is a pulmonary adenocarcinoma-associated antigen and is also regarded as an indicator of disease activity of interstitial pneumonitis. KL-6 has extensive heterogeneous antigenic determinants and consists of multiple heterogeneous antigen molecules. We have searched for circulating KL-6-associated glycoproteins with superior diagnostic value to KL-6 as a tumor marker for pulmonary adenocarcinoma. A new murine monoclonal antibody EH-123 reacting with an asialosugar chain on KL-6 was established. A new KL-6-associated molecule detected by a bimonoclonal bideterminant sandwich assay using the EH-123 antibody as a catcher and horseradish peroxidase-labeled KL-6 as a tracer was designated as CAM 123-6. In 59% (22 of 37) of patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma, serum levels of CAM 123-6 were abnormally elevated and the positive rate increased with the progression of clinical stage. Elevated levels were not detected in normal individuals or in patients with benign lung diseases, other histologic types of lung cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer or breast cancer. CAM 123-6 was more specific to pulmonary adenocarcinoma than carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), but the sensitivity of CAM 123-6 for pulmonary adenocarcinoma was similar to that of CEA. CAM 123-6 is a promising candidate as a serum tumor marker for pulmonary adenocarcinoma.     

Associations of circulating C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 with survival in women with and without cancer: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study.

BACKGROUND: Inflammation is associated with worse prognosis and survival in many cancers. Our aim was to investigate the associations of circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations with all-cause mortality in cancer patients and to determine whether any associations were specific to malignancy. METHOD: We used data from the British Women's Heart and Health Study, a cohort of 4,286 women aged 60 to 79 years. We investigated the associations between CRP, IL-6, and survival in women with and without cancer using Cox regression and assessed the interaction between cancer status and these inflammatory markers to determine whether these associations differed according to cancer status. RESULTS: Elevated CRP and IL-6 were associated with decreased survival in women with cancer [unadjusted hazard ratio per doubling of CRP, 1.22, 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.03, 1.46; and per doubling of IL-6, 1.52, 95% CI, 1.25, 1.86] and in women without cancer [CRP: 1.24 (1.12, 1.37); IL-6: 1.53 (1.35, 1.75)]. Adjustment for age, body mass index, physical activity level, socioeconomic position, HRT use, and tobacco smoking did not change these associations. After mutual adjustment, IL-6 but not CRP was independently associated with survival. We found no strong evidence that these associations differed between cancer patients and cancer-free women. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated CRP and IL-6 concentrations were similarly associated with an increased risk of death in elderly women with and without cancer. Thus, in this group, these markers are likely to be indicators of non-cancer comorbidities rather than related to the malignancy itself.