A typology for nursing processes exemplified by the "Nursing Process,Standardization and Quality in the Nursing Care Sector" Project

This paper is based on the project "nursing process, standardisation and quality in nursing care" which is funded by the BMBF. This venture aims to develop and constitute a structure for recordation and documentation of nursing processes in terms of a typology and to standardise patients data for an exchange. The typology results from both the outcomes of the actual analysis of 128 patients in hospitals, homes for the elderly and community health care centers and the research on nursing classifications. The contents of the typology has been developed in co-operation with nurses working in such institutions. The structure and transfer of the data set will be realised by an IT media based network. The range of the project is regional, national and international. In this project the Bremen Institute of Industrial Technology and Applied Work Science (BIBA-ATOP) was responsible for the project management and the development of the IT based structure of the typology. The contents of the typology have been developed by the Institute of Applied Nursing Research (iap).     

辅助生殖技术中卵巢过度刺激综合征的护理

目的 探讨辅助生殖技术中发生卵巢过度刺激综合征(Ovary Hyperstimulation Syndrome,OFtSS)的护理措施。方法 分析体外受精-胚胎移植(1VF—FT)周期中21例OHSS患者的护理措施。结果 21例OHSS患者中,轻度为4例,中度15例,重度2例,治疗护理后均获得痊愈。结论 对OHSS预防是关键,对于中、重度的OHSS患者要注意体位、饮食护理及病情观察,特别是药物治疗的用药原则。     

The regulation of labor relations and human resources management in nursing

This paper is aimed at discoursing on the regulation of labor relations in Nursing and at giving subsidies to the nurse's managerial practice concerning the rights and obligations of employees and employers based on the Brazilian Labor Law and the Federal Constitution. It emphasizes some regulations that are not clear enough and give rise to doubts and conflicts on the nurse's daily professional activities, such as working hours, resting periods in and between journeys, extra pay for overtime work, weekly paid rest and changes in work schedule. The adequacy of nursing practice to legal rules should allow nurses to get more knowledge, resulting in more confidence and safer actions. By having professional and patient's rights respected, occasional juridical problems inherent to labor rights and obligations will be reduced.     

我国护理职业适当防护水平评价性研究

目的：评价符合国内现状的护理职业适当防护水平。方法：根据《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》,目前国内外护理职业防护现有措施,结合纽曼健康系统模式列出护理职业防护措施,通过半结构式访谈、德尔菲专家函询、防护水平条目信度与效度检验,对我国护理职业适当防护水平的可行性和必要性进行评估。结果：形成41个条目的我国护理职业适当防护水平,平均CVI指数为0.88,Cronbach＇s a=0.94,分半信度系数均大于0.70,重测信度Pearson相关系数为0.72（P〈0.05）。结构效度通过主成分分析显示3个主要因子,它们的累积解释率为50.744%。结论：以三级防护为构架的护理职业适当防护措施符合我国的经济、社会因素,可行而且必要,并为我国护理职业防护提供理论依据。     

大型三甲医院医疗输送社会化管理模式探讨

目的 探讨、创新大型三甲医院实施医疗输送社会化后的管理模式.方法 通过竞标选取公司后,采用公司及护理部的双轨管理模式.由护理部统一制定及实施各项监管制度,全程参与公司激励机制改革方案,重视素质及技能培训,规范四级质量检查措施和考核方案,定期召开多部门协调会议.结果 医疗输送社会化降低了医院管理成本,管理模式的创新使患者及医务人员对输送队员的满意度与前期相比也逐步提高,为临床一线提供了强有力的支持系统.结论 专职医疗输送人员实施社会化管理是可行的 由公司直接管理、护理部统一监管的双轨管理模式是开辟输送管理的新路径 机制创新,强化培训,严格管理及多方监督是稳定输送队伍、提供优质输送服务的保证.     

大型三甲医院医疗输送社会化管理模式探讨

目的 探讨、创新大型三甲医院实施医疗输送社会化后的管理模式.方法 通过竞标选取公司后,采用公司及护理部的双轨管理模式.由护理部统一制定及实施各项监管制度,全程参与公司激励机制改革方案,重视素质及技能培训,规范四级质量检查措施和考核方案,定期召开多部门协调会议.结果 医疗输送社会化降低了医院管理成本,管理模式的创新使患者及医务人员对输送队员的满意度与前期相比也逐步提高,为临床一线提供了强有力的支持系统.结论 专职医疗输送人员实施社会化管理是可行的;由公司直接管理、护理部统一监管的双轨管理模式是开辟输送管理的新路径;机制创新,强化培训,严格管理及多方监督是稳定输送队伍、提供优质输送服务的保证.     

长期专职陪护人员心理状况现状的调查

目的 调查长期专职陪护人员的心理状况,探讨改善其心理状况的有效方法,提高护理质量.方法 采用一般资料调查、陪护相关护理知识测试、基本护理技能测试、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表对40名陪护时间大于或等于6个月(长期陪护组)和40名陪护时间小于6个月(短期陪护组)的专职陪护人员进行测评.结果 长期陪护组陪护人员基本护理技能测试得分、抑郁自评得分高于短期陪护组、二者之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 长期专职陪护工作的人员存在抑郁情绪但基本护理技能较好,护士除了充分发挥优秀长期专职陪护人员的优势,协同护士做好病人的基础护理外,还应该关注其心理健康,教会陪护简单的减轻压力的方法,尽快提高整体陪护技能,更好地服务于病人.     

Current challenges facing the technological and vocational nursing education in Taiwan

The technological and vocational education nursing system (TVE) has been the major source of nursing labor in Taiwan. As educational reform progresses, entry into nursing practice will soon mean that all nurses hold at least an associate nursing degree, which will be a milestone in the nursing history of Taiwan. However, the ecology of nursing is fast-altering, so in order to produce competent nurses, endeavors are required to renovate the current TVE system of nursing. In this article, the author brings years of personal experience as a nursing educator to bear in raising several key issues relating to the TVE system of nursing education.     

Nurses' personalities,nursing-related qualities and work satisfaction: a 10-year perspective

The personalities and qualities of nursing personnel are considered to be of great importance for their interactions and nursing relationships with patients and may also influence work satisfaction. The aim of the study was to explore the extent to which different personal qualities and personality factors, with a possible effect on motivation, professional conduct and coping with stress and anxiety, are represented in a group of assistant nurses (second level nurses), and how these qualities are related to nursing competence and long-range work satisfaction. A group of 51 female nursing students (mean age 31.8 years) participated in the study. The nursing-related qualities were empathy, sensitivity to non-verbal communication, feelings of discomfort in different nursing situations and work satisfaction. The personality factors were psychogenic needs and defence mechanisms. At a follow-up 2 years later, 43 nurses were interviewed, work satisfaction was assessed and nursing competence was appraised. At a follow-up 10 years after completion of nursing school, 33 of the nurses took part in a telephone interview. Work satisfaction was assessed in 23 of those who were still working as nurses. Cluster analysis performed on baseline data resulted in four groups: empathic, discomfort prone, service-minded and dominant. At the first follow-up, the service-minded had the greatest work satisfaction, with many considered to be 'real jewels'. At the second follow-up 8 years later, there appeared to be an overrepresentation of injuries and long-term sick leave in this group, whose members had apparent difficulties in being dominant and asserting own interests. Work satisfaction diminished in all the groups over time. Long-term work satisfaction was found, however, to be related to degree of empathy and a low degree of sensitivity to aggressiveness.     

Marketing Nursing in a Nurse Practitioner Practice

This issue of our journal contains the inaugural column of a new feature. When the Editorial Board of the journal met in St. Louis at NANDA's 25th year anniversary celebration, we discussed strategies to further spread the word that nursing diagnosis is alive, well, and at work daily in clinical settings. The idea for this column was born, and it will appear regularly from now on.
I can think of no better beginning than the one Dr. Judy Carlson-Catalano has given us. Dr. Catalano not only uses nursing diagnosis in her private nursing practice; she uses nursing diagnosis to advertise her work. I invite you to read and enjoy the first column of Nursing Diagnosis at Work. MKMJ.     

Legal perspectives on the role function of emergency room nurses in child abuse

Under stipulations of the Child and Adolescent Welfare Law, the Domestic Violence Prevention Law, and the Sexual Assault Prevention Law, nurses have an obligation to report cases of child neglect or abuse whenever they encounter victims of either. They also have an obligation to keep victims' information confidential. If they contravene such obligations, they face penalties. In addition, during the process of victim assessment for evidence of neglect or abuse, nurses are required to be present. Nurses who are not aware of such legal obligations, however, may not report victims of child neglect or abuse. In fact, nurses ought to report such victims, and let the statistics on the victims of child neglect or abuse speak, in the hope that they will prompt the government to formulate a policy to protect such victims. In the light of the importance of emergency room nurses in identifying and protecting the latter, this article will explore their role function as regards child neglect and abuse from the legal perspective, with a view to benefit both nurses and victims.     

影响移植肾长期存活的护理因素

分析１９７８年以来移植肾存活３年以上者的资料及２０１例移植肾失功或死亡的原因，指出影响移植肾长期存活的护理因素有：①排异反应的观察；②用药的管理；③并发症的防护；④自我保健知识的获取。护理上应加强患者的出院指导及长期随访；合理应用免疫抑制剂，早期发现、早期治疗ＣＲ，做好各项基础护理，严密观察、预防并发症的发生。     

产时护理模式改变的临床观察及护理

目的　探讨产时护理模式改变后对产妇与新生儿的影响。方法　将 2 0 0 1年 5月～ 2 0 0 2年 4月在家属陪伴分娩、助产士一对一的全程助产责任制、笑气吸入分娩镇痛三者结合同时应用于试验组 35 88例产妇 ;设上一年同期 36 4 2名产妇为对照组 ,观察产时服务模式改变后 ,对产房护理质量的影响。结果　试验组产妇剖宫产率明显低于对照组 ,P <0 .0 5 ;产后出血率明显低于对照组 ,P <0 .0 5 ;新生儿窒息率也低于对照组 ,P<0 .0 5 ;病人满意率高于对照组 ,P<0 .0 5。结论　产时护理模式的改变可明显地提高产房护理质量。     

Marketing Nursing in a Nurse Practitioner Practice

This issue of our journal contains the inaugural column of a new feature. When the Editorial Board of the journal met in St. Louis at NANDA's 25th year anniversary celebration, we discussed strategies to further spread the word that nursing diagnosis is alive, well, and at work daily in clinical settings. The idea for this column was born, and it will appear regularly from now on. I can think of no better beginning than the one Dr. Judy Carlson-Catalano has given us. Dr. Catalano not only uses nursing diagnosis in her private nursing practice; she uses nursing diagnosis to advertise her work. I invite you to read and enjoy the first column of Nursing Diagnosis at Work. MKMJ.     

健康助理系统在护理质量管理中的应用

目的探讨建立健康助理系统对医院护理质量及满意度的影响。方法成立健康助理系统,设立专门办公室进行统一管理,主要职责为协助病区护士完成患者的基础护理、外出检查、标本护送、各种医疗用品的上收下送等工作。比较健康助理系统成立前后患者对护理工作的满意度、患者对健康助理员工作的满意度、医务人员对护理工作的满意度、患者基础护理质量及医院人力成本支出情况。结果健康助理系统成立后患者基础护理质量得分为（98．04±8．62）分高于成立前的（95．35±8．77）分,差异有统计学意义（t=5．1766,P〈0．01）;成立后患者对护理工作的满意度、对健康助理员工作的满意度及医生对护理工作的满意度分别为（85．3±1．2）,（25．6±1．3）,（22．6±1．2）分,均显著高于成立前的（83．2±1．7）,（24．8±1．5）,（21．9±1．6）分,差异有统计学意义（t分别为33．7741,13．4881,11．7132;P〈0．01）;成立后医院管理的月均成本为（1050．21±20．45）元低于成立前社会化管理的（1250．27±23．58）元,差异有统计学意义（t=59．0937,P〈0．01）。结论健康助理系统的成立,可以保障患者安全、有效提高护理质量,明显降低医院经费成本。     

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombophlebitis: etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing implications.

This article presents a review of the literature on postpartum ovarian vein thrombophlebitis with special emphasis of nursing implications. The technology of real time ultrasound, duplex Doppler ultrasound, computerized axial tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging now offer reliable methods for confirming a suspected diagnosis of postpartum ovarian vein thrombophlebitis. However, it may well be nurses in clinical settings who assess the often vague signs and be the first to alert the physician. Nurses have an important role in the prevention of postpartum ovarian vein thrombophlebitis. Prevention may be successful by teaching women holistic prenatal care including how to avoid infections during pregnancy and postpartum, and by practicing meticulous technique during pregnancy, labor and delivery, and postpartum.     

我院护理部对护工监管的实践与效果

目的为使老年病人能够得到专业化、个性化、科学有效的特色服务,就老年病医院对护工使用中的监管工作进行探讨。方法对护工做好录用、培训工作;建立健全管理制度;明确护工职责;对其工作质量严格监控。结果帮助护工明确在医疗服务中的角色与定位;提高了病人满意度。结论应该把老年病医院护工的使用与监管列为护理管理的新课题。     

Experience of using a personal digital assistant in nursing practice - a single case study

johansson p., petersson g. & nilsson g. (2011) Journal of Nursing Management 19, 855–862 Experience of using a personal digital assistant in nursing practice – a single case study Aim The aim of this study was to describe one nurse’s experience of using a personal digital assistant (PDA) in nursing practice. Background Nurses handle large amounts of information and a PDA may contain valuable information that nurses need in their daily work. Methods In this qualitative single case study, data were collected through an open-ended interview with one registered nurse and were analysed by content analysis. Results The findings show that the PDA provides immediate access to information anywhere and at anytime, with advantages for both the nurse and for her patients. The PDA increased her confidence and efficiency in practice; it was easier to keep up-to-date and spend more time with the patient. Furthermore, the PDA was perceived as improving patient safety and patient participation. Conclusions The PDA requires improved content and more functions. Ease of use should also be improved. This study indicates that PDAs could be valuable and may inspire further research. Implications for nursing management The incorporation of a multifunctional PDA is an important issue for nursing management, as it could both change and provide new possibilities for nursing practice. The use of PDAs could also aid decision-making, improve patient safety and benefit patient outcomes.     

Nursing staffing and resident outcomes in nursing homes: weight loss and dehydration

A secondary analysis of the Minimum Data Set and Online Survey, Certification, and Reporting databases was used to examine the relationships between nursing staffing and the nursing home resident outcomes of weight loss and dehydration. If a facility had 3 or more hours of nursing assistant time versus those that had less than 3 hours, there was an associated odds ratio of 0.83 (P = .0078). Nursing assistant staffing affected the quality outcome of weight loss. Residents receiving at least 3 hours per day of nursing assistant care had a 17% decreased likelihood of weight loss.