CA 125 in seminal plasma: correlation with semen parameters

Ovarian cancer marker CA 125 was measured in human seminal plasma,and the concentrations ranged between 22 and 1149 U/ml, andbetween 39 and 4711 U/ejaculate. This very high patient-to-patientvariability was in contrast to a much lower within-patient variability,which was comparable to that of other semen parameters. No significantdifferences in CA 125 concentration were found in seminal plasmafrom normospermic patients, patients with male factors, vasectomizedmen, and in aliquots of samples which led to a pregnancy, viaartificial insemination or in-vitro fertilization. The seminalplasma CA 125 concentration was not correlated with sperm count,motility and morphology. In contrast, seminal plasma CA 125concentrations correlated with the age of the patient (P <0.001) and inversely with the volume of the ejaculate (P <0.001). These correlations were independent of each other. CA125 did not correlate with the prostatic marker zinc, but diddo so with the seminal vesicle marker fructose and the epididymalmarker carnitine.     

Primary myxoid solitary fibrous tumor involving the seminal vesicle

Although focal myxoid change is a well-recognized feature of solitary fibrous tumor (SFT), predominantly myxoid SFT are exceedingly rare. Reported herein is the case of a 65-year-old man with SFT containing abundant myxoid matrix, arising from the capsule of the right seminal vesicle. To the authors' knowledge this is the first myxoid SFT involving the male genito-urinary system. Recognition of the myxoid variant of SFT is crucial, given possible confusion with a variety of myxoid spindle cell neoplasms with different biological potential in the pelvic cavity.     

CA724 is a novel factor for predicting the unresectability in pancreatic adenocarcinoma

This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum CA724 levels and the unresectability of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A total of 302 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma were analyzed for the potential association between serum CA724 levels and the unresectability of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Serum CA724 levels in patients with unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma were remarkably higher than those with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma (P < 0.001). Patients with elevated serum CA724 levels exhibited a 12.27-fold higher risk of unresectability than those with normal serum CA724 levels after adjusting for age, sex, and tumor location (95% CI = 5.28-28.51, P < 0.001). The analysis of receiver operating characteristics demonstrated that CA724 had superior predictive value to other tumor markers (AUC was 0.77 ± 0.03, 0.65 ± 0.04, and 0.62 ± 0.04 for CA724, CA125, and CA199, respectively). CA724 appeared to be a better predictor of unresectability than CA199 and CA125.     

Three-dimensional reconstruction of the luminal structure of human seminal vesicle

The seminal vesicles are the glands of male reproductive organs that produce the fluid and nutrient constituents of semen. It has been believed for a long time that the lumen of a seminal vesicle was a single-coiled tubular structure with irregular diverticula. There are several previous reports on the symmetry, differences in morphological sizes and classification of the seminal vesicles. However, a three-dimensional-coiled tubular structure is difficult to understand using a classical anatomical methodology, and hence, three-dimensional reconstruction is needed to understand the structure of the lumen. Thirty-one seminal vesicles harvested from 21 formalin-embalmed cadavers were investigated. The seminal vesicle along with the ampulla of the ductus deferens was separated, and the length and width of each seminal vesicle were measured. The vesicles were then embedded in coloured paraffin, and the resulting paraffin block was sectioned transversely and photographed at an interval of 500 μm, with the sectioned surfaces then utilized in three-dimensional reconstruction performed by ‘Reconstruct’ software. The mean length and width of the seminal vesicles were 39.4 mm and 13.4 mm, respectively, and the right seminal vesicle was a little larger than the one on the left. The size differed from previous reports, while the luminal structure was similar to the classification of Aboul-azm (Archives of Andrology, 3, 1979, 287–292) but differed from that of Pereira (AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology, 69, 1953, 361–379). The seminal vesicles typically comprised about 9 curls and had about 12 diverticula. The seminal vesicles resembled a skein of coral rather than comprising a single strand. These findings will help in improving the understanding of pathophysiologies of the seminal vesicles, such as recurrent inflammation of the gland.     

卵巢癌和胰腺癌患者血清CA125、CA199的水平相关分析

目的:研究血清CA125和CA199的测定对卵巢疾病和胰腺疾病诊断的临床意义.方法:发光免疫分析测定了50例正常对照组,95例卵巢疾病和67例胰腺疾病患者血清中CA125和CA199的水平.结果:卵巢癌与胰腺癌患者的血清CA125和CA199水平较对照组显著升高(P＜0.001).结论:血清CA125和CA199联合测定对诊断和鉴别卵巢癌和胰腺癌有一定的临床价值.     

Male adnexal tumour of probable Wolffian origin occurring in a seminal vesicle

Aims : Adnexal tumours of probable Wolffian origin are rare low-grade malignant neoplasms that have been previously described in the broad ligament, ovaries and retroperitoneum of females. All are characterized by small, bland epithelial cells growing in a diffuse, trabecular, or tubular pattern. The majority of the cases reported have pursued a benign clinical course. However, recurrences and distant metastases have been described. We present a case of a male adnexal tumour of probable Wolffian origin occurring in the left seminal vesicle of a 29-year-old man with 23 years of follow-up.  

Results

The diagnosis is supported by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings: The tumour cells were immunoreactive for cytokeratin and vimentin while smooth muscle antigen and S100 protein were uniformly negative. By electron microscopy cells were arranged in an acinar pattern and surrounded flocculent, electron-dense material. Individual cells contained numerous dense bodies and free ribrosomes. The patient had recurrences at 14 and 23 years after initial diagnosis.  

Conclusion

This is the first report of this entity in a male. The literature on this unusual tumour is reviewed and the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features are described. The differential diagnosis of this seemingly indolent tumour is discussed with genitourinary tumours having a more aggressive clinical course.     

The value of tumour marker CA 125 in surgical pathology

CA 125 is a tumour marker located primarily on non-mucinous epithelial ovarian tumours and which is recognized by the monoclonal antibody OC 125. In this study the value of CA 125 in surgical pathology was assessed. In fresh frozen material, the expression of CA 125 was demonstrated in 82% of 83 epithelial ovarian neoplasms using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. In addition, all adenocarcinomas of cervix (n = 5) and endometrium (n = 15) tested expressed CA 125, and 25 of 111 (22%) non-gynaecological malignant tumours were positive. The positive cases included 20 breast carcinomas, one carcinoma of the stomach and one of the colon. Using a commercial kit on routinely fixed, paraffin embedded material, CA 125 positivity was demonstrated in 29 of 36 (80%) serous cystadenocarcinomas after pronase pre-treatment of the sections, in contrast to 100% (n = 25) positivity on frozen tissue sections. CA 125 can, therefore, be demonstrated in routinely fixed paraffin embedded material, although the number of positive results is less than in fresh frozen sections.     

肿瘤标志物CA19-9、CA242、CA125在胰腺癌诊断和预后评估中的价值

为了评价CA19-9、CA242、CA125单独或联合检测在胰腺癌诊断和预后评估中的作用,对105例确诊的胰腺癌患者,手术前检测血清CA19-9、CA242、CA125值,并检测了70例非胰腺恶性肿瘤患者和30例良性胰腺疾病患者的血清CA19-9、CA242、CA125水平.结果发现,单独应用于胰腺癌诊断时,CA19-9的灵敏度最高,但是其特异性显著低于CA242和CA125(P＜0.01).联合检测CA125和CA242可使诊断特异性达到92%.CA242高于正常值的胰腺癌患者,其生存期明显短于CA242值正常的胰腺癌患者(P＜0.05).三项肿瘤标志物中两项以上高于正常值的患者,其生存期显著低于仅有一项高于正常值或三项皆正常的患者(P＜0.05).CA19-9在胰腺癌诊断率方面优于CA125和CA242.联合使用CA125和CA242可以提高诊断的特异性.肿瘤标志物高水平与胰腺癌进展期相关.三项肿瘤标志物中两项或三项高于正常值的患者其生存期较短.     

血清CA125、CA15．3、CA242联合检测对乳腺癌诊断的价值

目的评价血清标志物糖类抗原125（CA125）、15．3（CA15．3）、242（CA242）联合检测对乳腺癌诊断的价值。方法对长海医院肿瘤科2003年9月至2005年9月期间收治的73例乳腺癌患者及60例健康人血清进行CA125、CA15．3、CA242检测。结果乳腺癌组三种肿瘤标志物检测的阳性率显著高于对照组（Х^2检验,P〈0．01）。乳腺癌组CA125、CA15．3、CA242及联合检测的阳性率由高到低依次为联合检测（68．49％）、CA15．3（49．32％）、CA125（34．25％）、CA242（28．77％）,CA15．3阳性率与三种标志物联合检测的阳性率差异有统计学意义（Х^2=5．546,P〈0．05）,即联合检测的阳性率高于CA15．3单独检测的阳性率。结论CA125、CA15．3、CA242联合检测能明显提高乳腺癌的检出率。     

CA125诊断子宫内膜异位症的意义及相关因素分析

目的 对CA125诊断子宫内膜异位症的临床意义进行分析并探讨可能影响CA125水平的相关因素.方法 以2011年1月至2014年1月在我院诊断为卵巢囊肿或子宫腺肌病并进行手术治疗的150例患者为研究对象,其中卵巢异位囊肿或卵巢巧克力囊肿69例,设定为A组;卵巢囊肿52例,设定为B组;子宫腺肌病29例,设定为C组;对比分析CA125水平,并分析临床相关影响CA125水平的因素.结果 血清CA125水平在A和C组明显高于B组,相比差异有统计学意义(t=24.55,P＜0.01;=21.11,P＜0.01);A组及C组之间,CA125水平相比差异无统计学意义(t=-1.72,P=0.08);三组CEA及AFP水平相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);A组、B组和C组患者均检测CA125＞ 35IU/mL,为阳性,A组及C组患者CA125阳性率明显高于B组,相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);CA125水平越高,rAFS分期越高,相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);采用Logistic多元回归分析筛选相关因素,发现CA125水平与rAFS分期粘连评分呈正相关性,但与痛经及不孕的发生率无明显相关性,分别在月经周期增生期及分泌期测定卵巢内异位囊肿组患者CA125水平,发现CA125水平与月经周期时段无明显相关性(P＞0.05),不同流产和生育次数之间及是否合并子宫腺肌病的CA 125水平之间无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 血清CA125水平可以作为鉴别卵巢囊肿与子宫内膜异位囊肿及子宫腺肌病的一个指标,对于术前评估子宫内膜异位症的严重程度有重要的参考价值.     

联合检测HE4和CA125对卵巢癌早期评估的价值

为探讨联合检测人附睾蛋白4（HE4）和糖类抗原125（CA125）在卵巢癌早期诊断、治疗中的价值,测定134例女性血清HE4、CA125水平,其中体检健康女性58名,作为正常对照组,盆腔肿物住院患者76例,按术后病理结果分为良性病变组15例,交界性病变组19例和卵巢癌组42例。应用ELISA法检测血清HE4水平,应用全自动化学发光分析系统检测血清CA125水平。全部随访2~62个月。卵巢癌组HE4、CA125水平明显高于其他3组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,其他3组CA125水平比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,交界性病变组HE4水平与良性病变组、正常对照组比较,差异也有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;二者水平在I期与Ⅲ、Ⅳ期之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;且有淋巴结转移者明显高于无淋巴结转移者（P〈0.05）;随访结果表明,随HE4和CA125水平的差异（P〈0.05）,患者的5年生存率也有显著差异。对临床指标肿瘤长径〉6 cm的HE4水平明显高于肿瘤长径≤6 cm者（P〈0.05）,而两者间CA125水平无显著差异（P〉0.05）。卵巢癌患者HE4和CA125水平呈正相关（r=0.48）。联合检测HE4和CA125对卵巢癌早期诊断,判断恶性程度,评价治疗效果及评估预后均有重要意义。     

尿精眯与血清CA125联合检测诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的价值

探讨尿精眯(SPD)与血清CA125联合检测对卵巢恶性肿瘤的诊断价值.采用聚酰胺薄膜层析法分别测定20名对照组和47例妇科盆腔肿块患者尿SPD水平,同时用化学发光免疫法检测两组患者的血清CA125水平.结果表明,卵巢恶性肿瘤组患者尿SPD和血清CA125水平(679.49±368.39 μg/mg肌酐,251.23±172.48 U/L)明显高于对照组(218.76±88.35 μg/mg,13.96±12.07 U/L)和卵巢良性肿瘤组患者(204.62±85.26 μg/mg肌酐,25.29±31.6 3U/L).两标记物对卵巢恶性肿瘤的灵敏度分别为80.95%和71.43%,若二者联合灵敏度可高达90.48%.尿SPD和血清CA125联合检测可提高卵巢恶性肿瘤的诊断准确率.     

Serum CA 125 in a pregnancy generated by ovum donation

Serum CA 125 was measured by radioimmunoassay during the firsttrimester at intervals of 2 weeks in a woman with Turner‘ssyndrome, who conceived following ovum donation from a healthyanonymous donor. Serum CA 125 concentrations were lower thanor at the 10th percentile of the normal range. These findingsimply that CA 125 may be secreted from the ovary in the firsttrimester, or produced at another site in response to stimulifrom the ovary     

卵巢癌标志物CA125酶联免疫吸附分析法的建立

目的：建立一种血清ＣＡ１２５的临床检测方法。方法：一株ＣＡ１２５单抗用于固相包被，另一株与辣根过氧化物酶偶联制备ＣＡ１２５的酶标记物，以四甲基联苯胺为底物，采用一步法，建立了ＣＡ１２５的酶联免疫吸附分析法。结果；灵敏度为２．００Ｕ／ｍｌ。批内ＣＶ值低于５．３２％，批间ＣＶ值低于７．３９％。     

Phyllodes tumor of the seminal vesicle: case report and literature review

A 39-year-old man presented with urinary retention and lower abdominal discomfort at our hospital, and a computed tomography scan showed a huge cystic mass posterior to the urinary bladder. During surgical exploration, a mass superior to the prostate in the region of the left seminal vesicle was found. Histologically, the tumor was characterized by cystically dilated or slit-like glands mixed in a densely cellular stroma with pleomorphism and resembled those of phyllodes tumor of the breast or prostate. The glandular epithelium within the tumor showed focal lipofuscin pigment and negative staining for prostate specific antigen (PSA). The stromal cells showed positive immunoreactivity for vimentin and CD34, and focal positive reactions for desmin and alpha-smooth muscle actin. Mitosis was present 0 to 1 per 10 high power fields of magnification in the stromal cells. Approximately 20% of the stromal cells were positive for progesterone receptor. The patient is alive with no evidence of disease 12 months after surgery. Mixed epithelial-stromal tumors of the seminal vesicle are extremely rare. A combination of stromal cellularity, atypia and mitosis might be used for the histological grading, and a prostatic origin might be excluded by the location of the primary lesion itself and by the failure to show PSA.     

两种不同方法学检测PSA、CA125、CA15-3、CA19-9的比对研究

为探讨不同检测方法测定PSA、CA125、CA15-3、CA19-9结果的可比性,参考EP9-A2文件的规定,使用RIA和微粒子酶免疫方法(MEIA)测定PSA、CA125、CA15-3及CA19-9并进行方法学比对试验,两种方法各项结果间均呈良好的线性关系,其相关系数R2均大于0.95;PSA和CA15-3系统误差均...     

Serum levels of CA 125 during the first trimester of normal outcome, ectopic and anembryonic pregnancies

Single serum samples were obtained during the first trimester of pregnancies with a retrospectively normal outcome (n = 150), ectopic pregnancies (n = 38) and anembryonic pregnancies (n = 78). Serial samples during the first trimester were also obtained from 43 women achieving pregnancy following successful treatment for infertility and with a retrospectively defined normal outcome. Significant variation in serum CA 125 levels in relation to gestational age was observed in pregnancies with a normal outcome (P less than 0.0001). Peak serum CA 125 levels were observed at 6-7 weeks, the mean level at this gestation being 40.1 U/ml (range 31.7-50.7 U/ml) in the normal conception/normal outcome group and 36.5 U/ml (range 25.6-52.0 U/ml) in the assisted conception/normal outcome group. A rise and fall in serum CA 125 levels during the first trimester was observed in 42 of 43 assisted conceptions monitored serially, with peak levels ranging from 7 to 1398 U/ml (median 48.8 U/ml) occurring at 28-61 days (median 45 days) gestation. Mean serum CA 125 levels were higher in the anembryonic pregnancy group at 4-5 and 6-7 weeks gestation than in both normal pregnancy outcome groups (P less than 0.01).     

Iocalized amyloidosis of the seminal vesicle: Identification of lactoferrin immunoreactivity in the amyloid material

Three specimens of localized amyloidosis of the seminal vesicle surgically removed for prostatic cancer were immuno-histochemically analyzed to clarify the nature of the permanganate-sensitive congophilic subeplthelial deposition. A variety of known amyloidogenic substances and secretory products in the seminal fluid were screened using the indirect immunoperoxldase method. In addition to reactivities with antibodies to amyloid P component and human seminal plasma, the amyloid material was immunoreactive for lactoferrin using a rabbit antiserum and two of three mouse monoclonal antibodies. All the antibodies labeled some of the normal seminal vesicle epithelial cells for this iron-binding, bacteriostatJc glycoprotein. In the prostate without accompanying amyloid deposition, a considerable proportion of the glandular epithelium and secretory material were positive for lactoferrin. Pre-embedding immunoelectron microscopy showed lactoferrin immunoreactivity on the amyloid fibrils. Focal staining of the amyloid for gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 was also observed in two lesions. These findings strongly suggest that lactoferrin is the major constituent in localized senile amyloidosis of the seminal vesicle.