PTEN对缺氧复氧心肌H9c2细胞凋亡、氧化损伤及免疫炎症因子水平的影响

目的:研究第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物(PTEN)对缺氧复氧条件下心肌H9c2细胞凋亡、氧化损伤及免疫炎症因子水平的影响。方法:用H9c2细胞构建缺氧复氧模型。细胞转染PTEN小干扰RNA(siRNA)和阴性对照siRNA,缺氧复氧处理后,RT-PCR和Western blot分别测定细胞中PTEN的mRNA和蛋白水平。MTT法测定细胞活力,流式细胞术测定细胞凋亡,用黄嘌呤氧化法测定细胞中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,用硫代巴比妥酸法测定丙二醛(MDA)含量,用二硝基苯肼法测定培养液上清中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性,ELISA测定培养液上清中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平,Western blot法测定细胞中cleaved caspase-3、Bax和Fas L的蛋白水平。结果:缺氧复氧处理后H9c2细胞中PTEN的mRNA和蛋白水平均明显升高(P 0. 05)。转染PTEN siRNA后的细胞中PTEN的mRNA和蛋白水平明显下降(P 0. 05)。缺氧复氧处理后H9c2细胞活力下降,凋亡率升高,细胞中cleaved caspase-3、Bax和Fas L的蛋白水平升高,MDA水平也升高,SOD活性下降,培养液上清中LDH、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的水平升高(P 0. 05),而下调PTEN可以部分拮抗缺氧复氧对H9c2细胞活力、凋亡率、MDA水平、SOD水平及培养液上清中LDH、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6水平的影响。结论:下调PTEN可以减轻缺氧复氧诱导的心肌H9c2细胞氧化损伤,减少H9c2细胞凋亡,降低TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的水平。     

成纤维细胞生长因子19改善缺氧/复氧心肌细胞H9c2损伤

目的:研究成纤维细胞生长因子19(FGF19)对缺氧/复氧心肌细胞H9c2损伤的改善作用。方法:将心肌细胞H9c2分为Control组(常规方法培养)、H/R组(细胞经缺氧/复氧处理)、NC+H/R组(细胞转染pcDNA 3.1后再经缺氧/复氧处理)和FGF19+H/R组(细胞转染pcDNA 3.1-FGF19后再经缺氧/复氧处理)。实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)和蛋白印迹(Western blot)检测各组FGF19 mRNA和蛋白表达水平,ELISA检测各组细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量和细胞中丙二醛(MDA)、活性氧(ROS)、LDH、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平,流式细胞术测定各组细胞凋亡,Western blot检测各组细胞中活化的半胱天冬酶-3(C-Caspase-3)、活化的半胱天冬酶-9(C-Caspase-9)蛋白表达和胞浆中细胞色素C(Cyt C)蛋白水平,JC-1法检测各组细胞线粒体膜电位变化。结果:与H/R组和NC+H/R组比较,FGF19+H/R组心肌细胞中FGF19 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P均<0.01)。H/R组与NC+H/R组心肌细胞中FGF19 mRNA和蛋白表达水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与Control组比较,H/R组细胞培养液中LDH水平升高(P<0.01),细胞中MDA和ROS水平升高(P<0.01),SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活力降低(P<0.01),细胞凋亡率、C-Caspase-3、C-Caspase-9和Cyt C蛋白水平升高(P<0.01),线粒体膜电位降低(P<0.01)。与NC+H/R组比较,FGF19+H/R组细胞培养液中LDH水平降低(P<0.01),细胞中MDA和ROS水平降低(P<0.01),SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活力升高(P<0.01),细胞凋亡率、C-Caspase-3、C-Caspase-9和Cyt C蛋白水平降低(P<0.01),线粒体膜电位升高(P<0.01)。结论:FGF19可能通过减少细胞凋亡和氧化损伤改善缺氧/复氧心肌细胞H9c2损伤。     

艾叶提取物在减轻DOX诱导的心肌细胞损伤中的作用和机制

目的 探讨艾叶提取物(Artemisiaargyiextract,AAE)对DOX(doxorubicin,Dox)诱导心肌细胞损伤的影响.方法 选择不同剂量的艾叶提取物(0.5、1、3g/ml)处理经DOX预处理的大鼠心肌细胞H9C2细胞,MTT法检测细胞存活率,Hoechst检测细胞凋亡,免疫荧光检测p65的入核情...     

The effect of kaempferol and apigenin on allogenic synovial membrane-derived stem cells therapy in knee osteoarthritic male rats

BackgroundBased on the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of kaempferol and apigenin, we hypothesized that co-injection of these phytochemicals would increase the effectiveness of cell therapy in knee osteoarthritic rats.MethodsAnterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) was used to induce osteoarthritis (OA). Animals were treated by weekly intra-articular injections of kaempferol (10 or 20 μM) and/or isolated MSCs from synovial membrane (SMMSCs) (3 × 106 cells), a mixture of apigenin (0.1 μM) and kaempferol alone or SMMSCs, hyaluronic acid or PBS (group size n = 6), for three weeks. After three months, the levels of IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the cartilage homogenate. Furthermore, relative expressions of collagen II2a1, aggrecan, IL-1β, TNF-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), SOX-9, MMP-3 and MMP-13 were assessed using real-time PCR. Radiological evaluation, before/after treatments, and histopathological assessments were carried out to evaluate the knees.ResultsNon-toxic concentrations of kaempferol and apigenin determined to be 10, 20 μM and 0.1, 0.3 μM, respectively. In comparison with the OA group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and MDA significantly decreased in OA + MSCs + kaempferol + apigenin group and a significant increase in SOD level was observed. The levels of MMP-13, MMP-3, TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS were significantly decreased in the groups of OA + MSCs + A0.1 μM + K10 μM and OA + MSCs + K20 μM. Co-treatment of kaempferol and apigenin increased the gene expression levels of collagen IIa1, aggrecan and SOX-9 genes.ConclusionWe showed that kaempferol and apigenin potentially increase the efficiency of OA cell therapy in the rat model of ACLT-induced OA.     

IL-6预处理保护H2O2致心肌细胞损伤作用机制初探

目的初步探讨IL-6预处理对H2O2致心肌细胞氧化应激损伤的作用机制。方法采用心肌细胞原代培养方法,以H2O2刺激心肌细胞,建立细胞氧化应激模型;采用MTT法检测细胞活力;AnnexinV-FITC染色法和流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率;检测心肌细胞内谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）的表达情况。结果 H2O2可降低心肌细胞存活率并能增加其凋亡,IL-6预处理后能显著改善细胞活力及凋亡情况,与模型组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。低浓度IL-6能明显增加细胞内GSH与SOD的水平,并降低MDA的含量,随着IL-6浓度的增加,这种效应逐渐消失。结论 IL-6预处理能保护H2O2致心肌细胞损伤作用,这可能与IL-6调节细胞GSH、SOD、MDA表达有关。     

槲皮素对CVB3诱导的新生小鼠病毒性心肌炎氧化应激损伤和炎性反应的调节

目的：心肌炎是由多种不同的感染因子引起的心脏炎症性病变,会造成致命性伤害,尤其是对年轻人。本文旨在探索槲皮素对柯萨奇B3m病毒(CVB3)诱导的新生小鼠病毒性心肌炎氧化应激损伤和炎性反应的影响。方法：CVB3感染建立急性病毒性心肌炎模型。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平通过商业化试剂盒进行检测。ELISA检测IL-1β、IL-6和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)水平。蛋白印迹分析TGF-β1、p-NF-κB-P65和TNF-α表达。结果：与正常组相比,CVB3组乳鼠存活率明显降低,心脏重量/体重(HW/BW)比值和血糖浓度明显升高(P<0.05)。槲皮素可抑制CVB3诱导的存活率下降,HW/BW比值和血糖浓度的上升(P<0.05)。与正常组相比,CVB3组SOD水平下降,MDA和LDH水平上升(P<0.05)。槲皮素可减弱CVB3诱导的SOD水平的降低,MDA和LDH水平的升高(P<0.05)。而且,CVB3组乳鼠IL-1β、IL-6和iNOS水平高于正常组(P<0.05)。槲皮素组乳鼠IL-1β、IL-6和iNOS水平低于CVB3组(P<0.05)。与正常组相比,CVB3组TGF-β1、p-NF-κB P65和TNF-α的表达增强(P<0.05)。槲皮素可抑制CVB3诱导的TGF-β1、p-NF-κB P65和TNF-α表达水平的升高(P<0.05)。结论：槲皮素可减轻CVB3诱导的新生小鼠病毒性心肌炎氧化应激损伤和炎症反应。     

siRNA 技术沉默SOCS3 对缺氧复氧心肌细胞增殖、凋亡的影响以及作用机制

目的：研究小干扰RNA（siRNA）靶向沉默细胞因子信号转导抑制因子3（SOCS3）基因对心肌细胞增殖、凋亡的影响以及可能作用机制。方法：采用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000转染大鼠H9C2心肌细胞,分为对照组、缺氧/复氧组、缺氧/复氧+siRNA NC组、缺氧/复氧+siRNA SOCS3组;免疫印迹试验（Western blot）检测细胞的转染效果;噻唑蓝（MTT）观察细胞的增殖活性,观察细胞中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）水平的变化;膜联蛋白 V-FITC（Annexin V-FITC）/碘化丙啶(PI)染色法检测细胞凋亡率,Western blot检测核因子-κB（NF-κB）、细胞周期蛋白D1（Cyclin D1）、c-Myc蛋白水平。结果：与对照组相比,缺氧/复氧组心肌细胞SOCS3蛋白水平显著增加（P<0.05）,细胞的增殖活性、SOD显著下降（P<0.05）,LDH、MDA、凋亡率显著升高（P<0.05）;靶向沉默缺氧复氧心肌细胞SOCS3基因表达较缺氧/复氧组细胞的增殖活性和SOD显著增加（P<0.05）,LDH、MDA、凋亡率显著降低（P<0.05）;缺氧/复氧干预心肌细胞显著抑制NF-κB、Cyclin D1、c-Myc蛋白表达（P<0.05）,下调SOCS3基因表达显著增加NF-κB、Cyclin D1、c-Myc蛋白表达（P<0.05）。结论：沉默SOCS3表达促进缺氧复氧心肌细胞增殖,抑制其凋亡,增强机体氧自由基的清除能力,其作用机制与NF-κB信号通路的激活有关。     

京尼平抑制高糖诱导的大鼠心肌H9c2细胞氧化应激及凋亡损伤

目的:探讨京尼平(genipin,GEN)对高糖损伤的大鼠心肌H9c2细胞的抗氧化作用和抑制细胞凋亡的机制。方法:体外培养大鼠心肌H9c2细胞,高浓度(50 mmol/L)葡萄糖处理H9c2细胞建立细胞损伤模型,分为正常糖对照组(NC组,葡萄糖浓度为5.6 mmol/L)、高糖损伤组(HG组,葡萄糖浓度为50 mmol/L)、正常糖+京尼平组(NC+GEN组)和高糖+京尼平组(HG+GEN组,京尼平浓度为10μmol/L)。CCK-8法检测细胞活力;酶标法和WST-1法分别测定细胞内丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;微板法检测细胞培养上清液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性;荧光探针DCF检测细胞内活性氧簇(ROS)水平;ELISA法检测核小体片段的聚集值;线粒体膜电位检测试剂盒(JC-1)检测细胞内线粒体膜电位变化;利用Western blot法检测线粒体内抗氧化酶锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD),以及早期凋亡蛋白细胞色素C(Cyt C)、Bax和cleaved caspase-3的蛋白水平。结果:与HG组比较,HG+GEN组细胞活力显著升高(P 0.05),细胞内MDA的含量及细胞上清液中LDH的活性明显降低(P 0.05),细胞内SOD活性升高(P 0.05),细胞内线粒体膜电位明显升高(P 0.05),ROS水平降低(P 0.05),核小体片段聚集程度显著降低(P 0.05)。HG组线粒体内抗氧化酶Mn-SOD比NC组降低(P 0.05),但线粒体内凋亡蛋白Cyt C、Bax和cleaved caspase-3的蛋白水平比NC组显著升高(P 0.05),而HG+GEN组与HG组相比,Mn-SOD升高(P 0.05),Cyt C、Bax和cleaved caspase-3的蛋白水平显著降低(P 0.05)。结论:京尼平对高糖损伤的心肌H9c2细胞具有抗氧化保护作用和抑制细胞凋亡的作用。     

Bmi-1、hTERT在乳腺癌细胞中的表达及与凋亡的关系

目的　研究原癌基因Bmi-1和hTERT的表达变化及其与细胞凋亡的关系，探讨它们在乳腺癌发生、发展过程中的作用。 方法　采用MTT法检测乳腺癌细胞的增殖抑制情况，并确定所选用的药物浓度。RT-PCR、Western Blot检测Bmi-1、hTERT的mRNA及蛋白的表达情况；TUNEL、流式细胞技术检测乳腺癌细胞的凋亡情况。 结果　5-FU对乳腺癌细胞有明显抑制作用，各实验组与对照组OD值的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 用5-FU干预后，实验组Bmi-1和hTERT 的mRNA及蛋白表达水平均降低，细胞凋亡指数增加，与对照组相比差异显著有统计学意义(P<0.05)，经统计学分析两者呈正相关（P<0.05），且两者的表达与凋亡呈负相关（P<0.05）。 结论　Bmi-1和hTERT的表达下调可促进乳腺癌细胞凋亡。     

NOX1在TNF-α诱导的肺泡上皮细胞氧化损伤和炎症中的作用研究

目的:探索NADPH氧化酶1(NOX1)在肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)诱导的肺泡上皮细胞A549氧化损伤和炎症中的作用。方法:以real-time PCR和Western blot法测定TNF-α处理后肺泡上皮细胞中NOX1的m RNA和蛋白表达水平。在肺泡上皮细胞中转染NOX1 si RNA及其阴性对照,以TNF-α诱导以后,用real-time PCR和Western blot测定细胞中NOX1水平。硫代巴比妥酸法检测细胞中丙二醛(MDA)含量,黄嘌呤氧化法检测细胞中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,ELISA法检测细胞培养液中的白细胞介素4(IL-4)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)含量,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,Western blot检测凋亡蛋白cleaved caspase-3的水平。结果:TNF-α诱导处理后A549细胞中NOX1 m RNA和蛋白水平均升高(P 0. 05),NOX1 si RNA转染可以下调细胞中NOX1的m RNA和蛋白表达(P 0. 05),转染si RNA阴性对照对细胞中NOX1的m RNA和蛋白表达没有影响。TNF-α处理后细胞中MDA含量升高,SOD活性降低,细胞分泌的IL-4、IL-6和IL-1β增多,细胞凋亡率和凋亡蛋白cleaved caspase-3水平均升高,与没有经TNF-α处理的细胞比较,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。下调NOX1的细胞经TNF-α诱导后,细胞中MDA含量降低,SOD活性升高,细胞分泌的IL-4、IL-6和IL-1β减少,凋亡率及凋亡蛋白cleaved caspase-3水平降低,与只经过TNF-α诱导处理的细胞比较,差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论:TNF-α诱导肺泡上皮细胞表达NOX1。下调NOX1表达可减少细胞氧化损伤和炎症因子分泌,减少细胞凋亡。     

Hypoxic preconditioning protects cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury through AMPK/eNOS/PGC-1α signaling pathway

Objective: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important regulator of multiple cellular pathways in the setting of energetic stress. Whether AMPK plays a critical role in hypoxic preconditioning (HPC), protecting cardiomyocytes against hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) injury remains uncertain. Methods: H9c2 cells were preconditioned by exposing to 10 min of hypoxia and 30 min of reoxygenation. Then, the preconditioned and non-preconditioned cardiomyocytes were exposed to 90 min of hypoxia followed by 120 min of reoxygenation. Results: HPC protected H9c2 cells against H/R injury, the AMPK inhibitor or eNOS inhibitor abolished the effect of HPC. Compared with H/R group, HPC significantly increased the expression of p-AMPK (Thr172). HPC also markedly increased p-eNOS (Ser1177) expression, which was abolished by AMPK inhibition. HPC significantly increased PGC-1α expression, which were nullified by AMPK inhibition or eNOS inhibition. HPC attenuated the oxidative stress by increasing the SOD activity and decreasing the MDA and ROS level, which were abolished by AMPK inhibition or eNOS inhibition. Interestingly, the AMPK activator metformin mimicked the effects of HPC in part. Conclusions: These results indicated that HPC protects H9c2 cells against H/R injury by reducing oxidative stress partly via AMPK/eNOS/PGC-1α signaling pathway.     

The role of anakinra in the modulation of intestinal cell apoptosis and inflammatory response during ischemia/reperfusion

Background/aim Even though interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1Ra, is used in certain inflammatory diseases, its effect on ischemia-reperfusion injury is a current research topic. We aimed to investigate the protective effects of anakinra, an IL-1Ra, on the I/R induced intestinal injury.Materials and methods The rat model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion was induced. Rats were randomized into 4 groups: (group 1) control group, (group 2) I/R group, (group 3 and 4) treatment groups (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively). Gene expressions of caspase-3, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, and apoptotic cells in tissue samples were evaluated by PCR and TUNEL methods, respectively. Plasma levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were studied by the ELISA method and tissue samples were examined histopathologically as well.Results Anakinra inhibited the expression of IL-1α, IL-6, and TNF-α and decreased the SOD, CAT, and MDA caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury in both treatment groups. Caspase-3 expression and TUNEL-positive cell number in treatment groups were also less. Histopathologically, anakinra better preserved the villous structure of the small intestine at a dose of 100 mg/kg than 50 mg/kg. Conclusion Anakinra decreased the intestinal damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion and a dose of 100 mg/kg was found to be histopathologically more effective.     

Role of SIX1, EYA2, and E-cadherin in ovarian carcinoma. Evidence on epithelial-mesenchymal transition from an immunohistochemical study

This study aims to investigate the expression of SIX1, EYA2, and E-cadherin in ovarian cancer (OC). It was conducted on 97 cases of surface epithelial tumors (SEOTs). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for the three markers was applied to archival paraffin-embedded sections. Results of semi-quantitative scoring were statistically compared, correlated with clinic-pathologic parameters, response to therapy and with patient survival.ResultsThere was a significant association of SIX1 expression in the intratumoral stroma (ITS) with malignant cases (P < 0.0001). There was a significant direct correlation between tumour cell expression of SIX1 and EYA2 (P = 0.03) and an inverse correlation between SIX1 and E-cadherin (P = 0.03). Additionally, there were direct correlations between SIX1 expression and larger tumour size (P = 0.05), high mitosis (P < 0.0001), and advanced FIGO stage (P = 0.06), and between EYA2 expression and LN metastasis (P = 0.02), and low apoptotic index (P = 0.007). Only SIX1 expression in ITS affected the patient survival by univariate analysis (P = 0.004).ConclusionsSIX1/EYA2 complex may have a poor prognostic role in OC. SIX1 expression in ITS may be used as a predictive marker of stromal invasion in ovarian borderline tumors and could affect patients' survival in OC. SIX1, EYA2, and E-cadherin may constitute a pathway that could be targeted to stop the progression of SEOTs.     

甲基莲心碱对脑缺血再灌注脑损伤的调节作用

目的探讨甲基莲心碱(Neferine,Nef)对缺血再灌注脑损伤大鼠脑保护作用及其机制.方法线栓法建立大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤(CI/R)模型.造模后对大鼠神经功能进行评分;HE检测病理损伤;检测血清MDA、SOD和LDH含量;TUNEL检测脑细胞凋亡;RT-PCR检测Caspase-3、-9 mRNA表达;免疫组化检测脑组织ICAM-1表达;ELISA检测IL-6、IL-18和IL-1β的含量;蛋白印迹检测TLR4、NF-κB P65(核)和MIP-2表达.结果甲基莲心碱能有效改善脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的神经功能(P<0.01),减少造模诱导的脑组织病理损伤;减少MDA和LDH含量(P<0.01),增加SOD活性(P<0.01);减少脑组织细胞凋亡率(P<0.01),下调凋亡相关蛋白Caspase-3、-9 mRNA表达水平(P<0.01);降低促炎因子(ICAM-1)、炎性因子(IL-6,IL-18,IL-1β)和炎性蛋白(TLR4,NF-κB P65,MIP-2)在脑组织中的表达水平(P<0.01).结论甲基莲心碱能对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠脑组织起保护作用,其机制与减少凋亡及抑制炎性反应有关.     

薯蓣皂素对缺氧诱导的H9c2大鼠心肌细胞内质网应激损伤的保护作用

目的　探究薯蓣皂素 (Diosgenin, DG) 对缺氧诱导的大鼠心肌细胞H9c2损伤及心肌缺血再灌注 (Mycardial ischemia reperfusion, MI/R) 模型大鼠的保护作用及作用机制。 方法　将细胞分为H9c2组、低氧诱导 (Hypoxia)组、DG (10mg/L)、DG (20 mg/L)和DG (50 mg/L)组,缺氧诱导细胞损伤,并给予对应浓度的DG或溶媒处理,CCK8检测细胞增殖,流式检测细胞凋亡,Western blot检测C/EBP环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合转录因子同源蛋白 (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein, CHOP)、Caspase-12、DNA损伤诱导蛋白 (Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 34, GADD34) 和免疫球蛋白重链结合蛋白 (Immunoglobulin heavy-chain-binding protein, Bip)的表达,试剂盒检测上清液超氧化物歧化酶 (Superoxide dismutase, SOD) 和丙二醛 (Malondialdehyde, MDA) 浓度。复制大鼠MI/R模型,灌胃给予大鼠DG,检测大鼠心率和平均动脉压 (Mean artery pressure, MAP)。检测大鼠血清肌酸激酶(creatine kinase, CK)、SOD和MDA浓度,HE染色检测组织损伤,Western blot检测内质网应激相关蛋白表达。 结果　与H9c2组比较,Hypoxia组细胞增殖速度显著降低,细胞凋亡率明显升高;与Hypoxia组比较,DG (10, 20, 50 mg/L) 组细胞增殖速度明显升高,细胞凋亡率明显降低;同时, DG (10, 20, 50 mg/L)能显著减弱Hypoxia对CHOP、Caspase-12表达的诱导作用和对GADD34和BiP表达的抑制作用。此外,缺氧能显著升高上清液MDA浓度,降低SOD浓度;DG能明显减弱缺氧的作用。DG还能显著升高MI/R模型大鼠心肌功能,减轻心肌组织损伤,降低心肌组织CHOP和Caspase-12的表达,诱导GADD34和BiP的表达,降低血清MDA浓度,升高SOD浓度。 结论　DG能通过抑制内质网应激减轻缺氧诱导的心肌细胞损伤及MI/R模型大鼠心肌组织损伤。     

shRNA 干扰长链非编码RNA PVT1 对甲状腺乳头状癌IHH-4细胞增殖、凋亡和周期的影响

目的:探究沉默长链非编码RNA PVT1 对甲状腺乳头癌IHH-4 细胞增殖、凋亡和周期的影响。方法:慢病毒 转染PVT1 shRNA(sh-PVT1),RT鄄PCR 检测PVT1 的表达,CCK8 检测细胞增殖倍数,流式检测细胞凋亡及细胞周期,Western blot 检测细胞Ki67、Caspase-3 和Cyclin A 的表达;复制裸鼠甲状腺乳头状癌肿瘤移植模型,记录肿瘤生长情况,Western blot 检 测肿瘤组织Ki67、Caspase-3 和Cyclin A 的表达。结果:sh-PVT1 转染细胞24 h 后,IHH-4 细胞PVT1 的表达水平明显降低(P< 0.01);转染细胞4 d 后,细胞增殖倍数显著降低,增殖标志蛋白Ki67 表达明显被抑制(P<0.05,P<0.01);同时,sh-PVT1 能显 著升高IHH-4 细胞凋亡率,诱导凋亡标志蛋白Caspase-3 表达(P<0.01);此外,sh-PVT1 还可诱导细胞G2/ M 期阻滞,抑制周期 蛋白Cyclin A 的表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。干扰PVT1 表达能显著抑制甲状腺乳头瘤生长(P<0.01),下调肿瘤组织Ki67 和 Cyclin A 的表达水平(P<0.01),诱导Caspase-3 表达(P<0.01)。结论:沉默PVT1 表达能显著抑制甲状腺乳头癌IHH-4 细胞 增殖且诱导细胞凋亡和周期阻滞。     

内质网应激介导蜕皮甾酮对H2 O2 诱导的心肌细胞损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨蜕皮甾酮(EDS)如何通过调节内质网应激对过氧化氢(H2 O2 )诱导的心肌细胞损伤起保护作用。方法:大鼠H9c2 心肌细胞随机分为对照(Control)组,正常心肌细胞;H2 O2 组,不同浓度H2 O2(1*10-3 、1*10-4 、1*10-5 mol/ L)诱导损伤细胞;EDS 组,在H2 O2 组基础上,加入不同浓度的EDS(25、50、100 μmol/ L)处理。MTT 法和流式细胞术分别检测实验各组细胞活力及细胞凋亡率。Western blot 检测各组细胞中Bcl-2、Bax、cleaved-caspase-3、caspase-4、caspase-7、caspase-12、 GRP78 和CHOP 的蛋白水平,同时检测各组细胞中丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果:与Control 组相比,H2 O2 组的细胞活力减弱,凋亡率升高,MOD 含量升高,SOD 活性降低,GRP78 和CHOP 的表达升高(均P<0.05)。H2 O2 组加入EDS 处理后,细胞活力提升,凋亡率下降,MOD 含量降低,SOD 活性升高,GRP78 和CHOP 的表达降低(均P<0.05)。结论:通过抑制内质网的应激过程,蜕皮甾酮能减轻H2 O2 诱导的心肌细胞损伤。     

缺血后适应减轻大鼠肢体缺血再灌注后的心肌损伤

目的: 探讨肢体缺血后适应(LIPostC)对大鼠肢体缺血再灌注(LIR)后心肌的保护作用。方法: Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组(C组)、缺血再灌注组(IR组)和缺血再灌注+缺血后适应组(IR+IPostC组)。制作大鼠LIR模型,IR+IPostC组在缺血后,实施肢体松解-结扎各5 min,反复5次,即缺血后适应,然后再进入持续的血流再灌注阶段。生物化学方法测定血清肌酸激酶(CK)及其MB同工酶(CK-MB)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)及心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)水平,测定血清及心肌组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性及丙二醛(MDA)水平。电镜下观察心肌组织超微结构变化。结果: 与对照组比较,IR组及IR+IPostC组血清CK、CK-MB、AST、LDH、α-HBDH及cTnI水平均升高,心肌组织及血清MDA及XOD水平升高(P<0.05),而SOD活性降低(P<0.05)。与IR组比较,IR+IPostC组血清CK、CK-MB、AST、LDH、a-HBDH及cTnI水平均降低(P<0.05),血浆及心肌组织的MDA及XOD有所降低而SOD水平升高(P<0.05)。电镜下可见C组心肌肌原纤维排列整齐,明暗带清晰,线粒体基质致密,嵴排列紧密整齐。IR组可见肌丝排列紊乱或消失,基质明显水肿,线粒体大部分或全部的嵴和膜融合或消失,空泡化明显,糖原数量明显减少。IR+IPostC组心肌上述病理改变有所减轻。结论: LIPostC可减轻LIR对心肌的损伤作用。     

Aqueous garlic extract supresses experimental gentamicin induced renal pathophysiology mediated by oxidative stress,inflammation and Kim-1

BackgroundGentamicin (Gent) has rapid & high bactericidal action in addition to its cheap price. Nevertheless, 30% of gentamicin-treated patients develop nephrotoxicity.ObjectiveTo explore the probable nephroprotective effects of the aqueous garlic extract (AGE) & to elucidate its underlying mechanisms via monitoring proinflammatory cytokines as tumer necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interferon-γ (INF-γ), oxidative stess markers as malondialdehyde (MDA) & superoxide dismutase (SOD) & kidney injury molecule (Kim-1) as a promising early specific biomarker of renal dysfunction.Methods32 adult male rats were divided into 4 equal groups treated for 21 days as: normal control group received normal saline orally, AGE-treated group received AGE at 250 mg/kg/day orally, Gent-treated group received Gent-sulphate intraperitoneal injection at 80 mg/kg /day, and AGE & Gent cotreated group received AGE and Gent concomitantly in the same previous doses. Serum urea, creatinine, glomerular filteration rate (GFR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), TNF-α, IL-6, INF-γ, MDA and SOD and Kim-1 mRNA expression were evaluated in kidney tissue homogenate. Renal cortex sections stained with Haematoxylin & eosin (H&E) were examined.ResultsAGE is nephroprotective through significantly reducing serum urea, creatinine, SBP and DBP, TNF-α, IL-6, INF-γ and MDA (the main product of lipid peroxidation), decreasing expression of Kim-1 mRNA in renal tissue and increasing level of GFR, the natural antioxidant SOD and improving renal histological features of Gent-treated rats.ConclusionAGE normalizes Gent-induced renal dysfunction. Their co-administration is a plausible advice, although the therapeutic efficiency of Gent was not investigated.