糖尿病合并脂肪肝的防治策略

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是与胰岛素抵抗(IR)密切相关的代谢性肝脏损害,病理学改变以肝细胞脂肪变性为主,包括非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝(NAFL)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、NASH相关性肝硬化及肝细胞癌。     

非酒精性脂肪肝发病机制研究进展

<正>非酒精性脂肪肝病(NAFLD)是一种无过量饮酒史,以肝实质细胞脂肪变性和脂肪储积为特征的临床病理综合征[1]。病理学上以弥漫性肝细胞大泡性脂肪变为主要特征[2],临床分为3型:非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝;非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH);NASH相关肝硬化[3]。随着人们健康意识的逐渐增     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病血清学无创诊断的研究进展

随着肥胖和代谢综合征的流行,非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)已成为我国第一大慢性肝病.NAFLD可从单纯性脂肪肝发展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)、NASH相关肝纤维化和肝硬化,甚至肝细胞癌...     

非酒精性脂肪肝炎的诊断与治疗

非酒精性脂肪肝炎(NASH)是一种代谢性肝病,表现为肝脏脂肪变性,伴小叶炎症、肝细胞损伤和／或肝纤维化。它是非酒精性脂肪肝疾病(NAFLD)从单纯脂肪变性到隐原性肝硬化一组病变中的一个环节。NASH和NAFLD通常是胰岛素抵抗(或代谢)综合征在肝脏的表现,但导致从脂肪变性到NASH的原因仍不清楚。     

对非酒精性脂肪肝治疗的认识

非酒精性脂肪肝(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)是一类肝组织学改变与酒精性肝病相类似,但无过量饮酒史(每周饮酒精量小于40 g)的临床病理综合征.它包括单纯性脂肪肝(NAFL)及其演变的非酒精性脂肪肝(NASH)和脂肪性肝硬化3种类型[1].     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病基因多态性研究

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)已经成为常见的肝脏疾病之一,包括单纯性脂肪肝、脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、脂肪性肝纤维化和脂肪性肝硬化4个病理过程。单纯性脂肪肝预后良好,脂肪性肝炎部分可以发展为肝硬化和肝癌。Browning等对美国2287例城     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病发病机制的部分进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)是指除外酒精和其他明确的损肝因素所致的,以弥漫性肝细胞大泡性脂肪变为主要特征的临床病理综合征.NAFLD包括单纯性脂肪肝及由其演变的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(non-alcoholicsteatohepatitis,NASH)和NASH相关性肝纤维化、肝硬化,是一类与遗传-环境-代谢应激相关的肝脏疾病谱.     

非酒精性脂肪肝病的管理研究

<正>非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的诊断标准为存在肝细胞脂肪变的影像学或组织学依据,并能除外过量饮酒、药物或遗传性疾病等可导致肝脂肪变的其他病因,疾病谱包括非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝(nonalcoholic simple fatty liver,NAFL)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH)以及肝硬化和隐源性肝硬化~([1])。     

甲状腺激素与非酒精性脂肪肝

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是指除外酒精和其他明确的损肝因素所致的,以弥漫性肝细胞大泡性脂肪变为主要特征的临床病理综合征.NAFLD疾病谱包括单纯性脂肪肝(NAFL)以及由其演变的脂肪性肝炎(NASH)和脂肪性肝硬化.     

穴位埋线治疗非酒精性脂肪肝60例临床观察

<正>非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是指除外酒精和其他明确的损肝因素所致的以弥漫性肝细胞大泡性脂肪变为主要特征的临床病理综合征,包括非酒精性单纯性脂肪肝(NAFL)、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)及其相关肝硬化和肝细胞癌[1-3]。笔者运用穴位埋线     

非乙醇性脂肪性肝病的流行病学及发病机制

非乙醇性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是一种常见的慢性肝病,其疾病谱包括单纯性脂肪肝、非乙醇性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)、肝纤维化及肝硬化。NAFLD的患病率高,存在种族、性别及年龄差异。单纯性脂肪肝呈良性进程,NASH可进展为肝硬化。NAFLD发病机制尚不明确,胰岛素抵抗、氧化应激、代谢紊乱、脂肪因子、内质网应激可能发挥重要作用。     

非酒精性脂肪肝与脂肪性肝炎动物模型研究进展

非酒精性脂肪肝是无酒精滥用的包括单纯性脂肪肝、脂肪性肝炎、脂肪性肝纤维化和肝硬化的肝病综合征，目前已成为广受关注的肝病医学难题。随着抗脂肪肝药物的深入研究，动物模型制作得到很好发展。近年来，在大鼠、沙鼠、小鼠、兔和小猪等动物种属成功地建立了食物、胃肠外营养与蛋氨酸胆碱缺乏等诱导的单纯性脂肪肝和脂肪性肝炎动物模型，这些模型为研究脂肪肝和脂肪性肝炎的发病机理与治疗提供了机会。每种动物模型各有优缺点，合理应用动物模型能更好地开展脂肪肝病的实验和临床研究。本文综述了非酒精性脂肪肝及脂肪性肝炎动物模型制作方法的若干研究进展。     

Management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a 60-year-old man with probable nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: weight reduction, liver biopsy, or both?

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common hepatic disorders in the United States, but uncertainty remains as to the optimal way to manage it. Using the case of Mr T, a 60-year-old man with obesity, diabetes mellitus, and increased serum transaminase levels, an evidence-based approach to diagnosis and treatment is discussed. Diagnosis of NAFLD is based on patient clinical profile and risk factors for metabolic syndrome, the exclusion of other liver diseases, radiologic imaging and sometimes biopsy. At this point in Mr T's disease, the most important step is differentiation between simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Simple steatosis has a benign natural history, but NASH is progressive and may lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer. An evidence-based approach to treatment is limited by lack of large randomized trials, particularly of combinations of therapies, but weight loss, exercise, and medical therapies targeted at the mechanism of liver injury in NASH are recommended. Improved noninvasive diagnostic tests, a clearer understanding of the natural history of NAFLD, and large, well-designed clinical trials are needed.     

非酒精性脂肪肝炎的发病机制及治疗进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH)是非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD)的一种病理类型 ,可以进一步发展为肝纤维化、肝硬化等终末期病变。NASH发病与胰岛素抵抗、氧应激、细胞因子作用、遗传因素等多种因素有关。椐文献报道饮食控制 ,应用降脂、保肝药物及胰岛素增敏剂 ,改善内毒素血症 ,调节细胞因子水平等可能对NASH防治有一定作用     

非酒精性脂肪肝病患者粪便中短链脂肪酸改变的临床研究

目的探索非酒精性脂肪肝病（NAFLD）不同状态下粪便短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）的差异,为寻找NAFLD疾病发生发展机制和可能的治疗靶点提供支持。方法通过气相色谱-质谱分析,检测非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFL）、非酒精性脂肪肝炎（NASH）、NAFLD相关肝硬化粪便中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸三种主要SCFAs水平和构成差异。结果纳入分析80例,其中健康志愿者9例,NAFL患者27例,NASH患者20例,NAFLD相关肝硬化24例。NAFLD相关肝硬化组患者SCFAs总含量（P=0.004,P=0.0001,P=0.001）、粪便丁酸（P=0.045,P=0.0001,P=0.0001）、乙酸水平（P=0.010,P=0.0001,P=0.012）分别显著低于健康志愿者、NAFL组和NASH组,丙酸水平（P=0.024）显著低于NAFL组。NAFLD相关肝硬化组患者SCFAs中丁酸所占比例显著低于NASH组（P=0.016）。结论 NAFLD肝硬化患者粪便存在主要SCFAs水平的降低,其中丁酸构成比例降低更为明显,这可能是NAFLD进入肝硬化特征改变之一,提示SCFAs水平变化对NAFLD疾病进展可能有一定预测作用,补充肠道SCFAs可能作为NAFLD相关肝硬化新的治疗靶点。     

非酒精性脂肪肝影像诊断研究进展

非酒精性脂肪肝目前是成人及儿童慢性肝病最常见的原因,其发病率正在逐年上升。以非酒精性脂肪肝、非酒精性脂肪肝炎及脂肪性肝硬化的疾病谱强烈危害到人类的生命健康及寿命,且非酒精性脂肪肝已被指出与多种慢性疾病相关。正确意识并诊断该病已成为临床所需要重视的问题,但目前该病的诊断金标准仍为穿刺病理活检,影像学检查因其无创、重复性强等优点而利于患者的诊断及随访观察。就超声、CT及磁共振技术定性定量诊断非酒精性脂肪的研究进展予以阐述。     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病动物模型研究进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是一种无酒精滥用的肝病综合征,包括单纯性脂肪肝、脂肪性肝炎、脂肪性肝纤维化和肝硬变.目前由于发病率高,治疗困难,已成为广受关注的医学难题.由于NAFLD的发病机制尚未完全明确,临床治疗上也缺乏有效措施,因此建立高质量的动物模型对于该疾病的发病机制和药物治疗研究有重大意义.本文综述了近年来用于研究NAFLD的动物模型,介绍其制作方法和特点.     

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

The emergence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as the leading chronic liver disease worldwide raises some concerns. In particular, NAFLD is closely tied to sedentary lifestyle habits and associated with other metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. At the end of the disease spectrum, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), representing a serious health problem to modern society. Recently, an increasing number of HCC cases originating from this progressive disease spectrum have been identified, with different levels of severity and complications. Updating the current guidelines by placing a bigger focus on this emerging cause and highlighting some of its unique features is necessary. Since, the drivers of the disease are complex and multifactorial, in order to improve future outcomes, having a better understanding of NASH progression into HCC may be helpful. The risks that can promote disease progression and currently available management strategies employed to monitor and treat NASH-related HCC make up the bulk of this review.     

Treatment of atherogenic liver based on the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a novel approach to reduce cardiovascular risk?

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which spans a spectrum of conditions ranging from simple steatosis to progressive nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is the most common chronic liver disease and a relevant public health issue. The prevalence of NAFLD depends on adiposity, age, gender and ethnicity. The natural history of liver disease in those with NAFLD critically depends on liver histological changes. However, cardiovascular mortality is increased in NAFLD, particularly in middle-aged adults. Against such a background, this review consists of three sections. First, data on NAFLD as a novel mechanism of increased cardiovascular risk via hyperinsulinism, pro-thrombotic potential, and subclinical inflammation are summarized. Next, the role of atherogenic liver in the development of manifestations of oxidative stress and atherosclerosis is emphasized. Finally, whether and how treating NAFLD will mechanistically result in reduced cardiovascular risk through ameliorated metabolic syndrome is discussed.     

长爪沙鼠NAFLD模型的建立及其遗传学的研究

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)已成为目前主要代谢性疾病之一,针对传统的动物模型的缺陷,本研究首次建立了与人类NAFLD(从单纯脂肪肝到脂肪性肝炎,再进展到肝纤维化、肝硬化)极为相似、饲料配方简便的长爪沙鼠NAFLD模型,阐明了长爪沙鼠肝脏脂肪快速沉积的特征,揭示长爪沙鼠脂肪肝易感的分子机制、主要的调控靶点和网络作用特征,为临床治疗及新药研发提供一种背景相对清晰,耗时短的新型脂肪肝动物模型,同时也为NAFLD发病机制及药效新靶点的研究提供实验动物支撑,为选育近交系NAFLD长爪沙鼠奠定了理论与实践基础。