竖脊肌平面阻滞与胸椎旁神经阻滞用于乳腺癌根治术围术期镇痛效果的比较

目的 比较竖脊肌平面阻滞(ESPB)与单点胸椎旁阻滞(TPVB)用于乳腺癌根治术围术期镇痛的效果。方法 择期行乳腺癌根治术的女性患者80例,年龄28~65岁,BMI<35 kg/m²,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级。采用随机数字法分为两组：ESPB组和TPVB组,每组40例。ESPB组和TPVB组分别在麻醉诱导前行患侧超声引导下竖脊肌阻滞或胸椎旁阻滞,选择T5横突水平,注射0.5%罗哌卡因0.4 ml/kg。两组术毕皆采用舒芬太尼行PCIA。记录神经阻滞的操作时间、阻滞起效时间、阻滞平面,术中呼吸抑制、刺破胸膜、血管损伤情况,术中瑞芬太尼的用量,术后PCA首次按压时间,24 h内PCA有效按压次数,术后2、6、12、24、48 h的疼痛NRS评分,术后恶心、呕吐、皮肤瘙痒等并发症的发生情况。结果 与TPVB组比较,ESPB组神经阻滞操作时间明显缩短,阻滞起效时间明显延长,阻滞平面明显扩大,术后PCA首次按压时间明显缩短,24 h内PCA有效按压次数明显增多（P<0.05）。两组术中均未发生呼吸抑制、刺破胸膜、血管损伤等并发症。两组术中瑞芬太尼用量、术后不同时点疼痛NRS评分、术后并发症差异无统计学意义。结论 ESPB和TPVB用于乳腺癌根治术的围术期镇痛时,都能取得满意的效果,TPVB阻滞时间持久,ESPB阻滞平面范围更大,操作更简便。     

A randomised trial of bilateral erector spinae plane block vs. no block for thoracolumbar decompressive spinal surgery

Major spinal surgery causes significant postoperative pain. We tested the efficacy and safety of bilateral erector spinae block on quality of recovery and pain after thoracolumbar decompression. We randomly allocated 60 adults to standard care or erector spinae block. Erector spinae block improved the mean (SD) quality of recovery-15 score at 24 postoperative hours, from 119 (20) to 132 (14), an increase (95%CI) of 13 (4–22), p = 0.0044. Median (IQR [range]) comprehensive complication index was 1 (0–3 [0–5]) in the control group vs. 1 (0–1 [0–4]) after block, p = 0.4. Erector spinae block reduced mean (SD) area under the curve pain during the first 24 postoperative hours: at rest, from 78 (49) to 50 (39), p = 0.018; and on sitting, from 125 (51) to 91 (50), p = 0.009. The cumulative mean (SD) oxycodone consumption to 24 h was 27 (18) mg in the control group and 19 (26) mg after block, p = 0.20. In conclusion, erector spinae block improved recovery and reduced pain for 24 h after thoracolumbar decompression surgery.     

Erector spinae plane block vs. peri-articular injection for pain control after arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a randomised controlled trial

Interscalene brachial plexus block is the standard regional analgesic technique for shoulder surgery. Given its adverse effects, alternative techniques have been explored. Reports suggest that the erector spinae plane block may potentially provide effective analgesia following shoulder surgery. However, its analgesic efficacy for shoulder surgery compared with placebo or local anaesthetic infiltration has never been established. We conducted a randomised controlled trial to compare the analgesic efficacy of pre-operative T2 erector spinae plane block with peri-articular infiltration at the end of surgery. Sixty-two patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder repair were randomly assigned to receive active erector spinae plane block with saline peri-articular injection (n = 31) or active peri-articular injection with saline erector spinae plane block (n = 31) in a blinded double-dummy design. Primary outcome was resting pain score in recovery. Secondary outcomes included pain scores with movement; opioid use; patient satisfaction; adverse effects in hospital; and outcomes at 24 h and 1 month. There was no difference in pain scores in recovery, with a median difference (95%CI) of 0.6 (−1.9–3.1), p = 0.65. Median postoperative oral morphine equivalent utilisation was significantly higher in the erector spinae plane group (21 mg vs. 12 mg; p = 0.028). Itching was observed in 10% of patients who received erector spinae plane block and there was no difference in the incidence of significant nausea and vomiting. Patient satisfaction scores, and pain scores and opioid use at 24 h were similar. At 1 month, six (peri-articular injection) and eight (erector spinae plane block) patients reported persistent pain. Erector spinae plane block was not superior to peri-articular injection for arthroscopic shoulder surgery.     

超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞和胸椎旁神经阻滞用于胸腔镜下肺叶切除术的比较

目的比较超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞(erector spinae plane block,ESPB)和胸椎旁神经阻滞(thoracic paravertebral nerve block,TPVB)应用于胸腔镜下肺叶切除术中血流动力学变化及术后联合PCIA的效果。方法选择行胸腔镜下肺叶切除术的患者60例,男38例,女22例,年龄18~64岁,BMI 18~24 kg/m^2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为ESPB组(E组)和TPVB组(T组),每组30例。E组术前0.4%罗哌卡因25 ml行超声引导下单次ESPB,T组术前0.4%罗哌卡因25 ml行单次TPVB。罗哌卡因注入20 min后用冰块测定阻滞平面。术毕两组均给予PCIA至术后48 h。记录穿刺时间、深度;记录术中血管活性药使用情况、丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量;记录镇痛泵首次按压时间、有效按压次数、曲马多补救例数;记录胸闷、皮肤瘙痒等术后不良反应的发生情况。结果与T组比较,E组穿刺时间明显缩短(P<0.05),穿刺深度明显变浅(P<0.05),术中去氧肾上腺素使用率明显降低(P<0.05)。两组术中丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼用量、镇痛泵首次按压时间、有效按压次数、曲马多补救率及术后不良反应差异无统计学意义。结论超声引导下ESPB较TPVB操作更简单快捷,术中低血压发生率更低,术后两种阻滞联合PCIA均能为胸腔镜肺叶切术患者提供有效的镇痛。     

Efficacy of erector spinae plane block for analgesia in breast surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The erector spinae plane block is a new regional anaesthesia technique that provides truncal anaesthesia for breast surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to determine if the erector spinae plane block is effective at reducing pain scores and opioid consumption after breast surgery. This study also evaluated the outcomes of erector spinae plane blocks compared with other regional blocks. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched. We included randomised controlled trials reporting the use of the erector spinae plane block in adult breast surgery. Risk of bias was assessed with the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to assess trial quality. Thirteen randomised controlled trials (861 patients; 418 erector spinae plane block, 215 no blocks, 228 other blocks) were included. Erector spinae plane block reduced postoperative pain compared with no block: at 0-2 hours (mean difference (95% CI) −1.63 (−2.97 to −0.29), 6 studies, 329 patients, high-quality evidence, I² = 98%, p = 0.02); at 6 hours (mean difference (95% CI) −0.90 (−1.49 to −0.30), 5 studies, 250 patients, high-quality evidence, I² = 91%, p = 0.003); at 12 hours (mean difference (95% CI) −0.46 (−0.67 to −0.25), 5 studies, 250 patients, high-quality evidence, I² = 58%, p < 0.0001); and at 24 hours (mean difference (95% CI) −0.50 (−0.70 to −0.30), 6 studies, 329 patients, high-quality evidence, I² = 76%, p < 0.00001). Compared with no block, erector spinae plane block also showed significantly lower postoperative oral morphine equivalent requirements (mean difference (95% CI) −21.55mg (−32.57 to −10.52), 7 studies, 429 patients, high-quality evidence, I² = 99%, p = 0.0001). Separate analysis of studies comparing erector spinae plane block with pectoralis nerve block and paravertebral block showed that its analgesic efficacy was inferior to pectoralis nerve block and similar to paravertebral block. The incidence of pneumothorax was 2.6% in the paravertebral block group; there were no reports of complications of the other blocks. This review has shown that the erector spinae plane block is more effective at reducing postoperative opioid consumption and pain scores up to 24 hours compared with general anaesthesia alone. However, it was inferior to the pectoralis nerve block and its efficacy was similar to paravertebral block. Further evidence, preferably from properly blinded trials, is required to confirm these findings.     

胸椎旁神经阻滞和竖脊肌平面阻滞用于胸腔镜肺叶切除术术后镇痛效果的Meta分析

目的:通过Meta分析方法评价超声引导下胸椎旁神经阻滞（thoracic paravertebral nerve block, TPVB）和竖脊肌平面阻滞（erector spinae plane block, ESPB）用于胸腔镜肺叶切除术术后镇痛的效果。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、C...     

超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞临床应用及研究进展

超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞(erector spinae plane block,ESPB)是一项新颖的筋膜间隙阻滞技术,可以应用于胸腰部手术后镇痛,具有操作简单安全、镇痛可靠、并发症少等诸多优点。ESPB自2016年提出以来,得到广泛关注。文章介绍了超声引导下ESPB的解剖基础,阐述了ESPB起效的理论学说,归纳了ESPB在胸腹部及腰椎等手术的临床应用,总结了ESPB的优缺点及并发症,并将ESPB与胸腰部其他常用镇痛阻滞方法进行对比,分析了各自的特点。超声引导下ESPB具有诸多的优点、极少的并发症及禁忌证,在麻醉和疼痛领域存在广阔的应用空间,能提高麻醉效果和麻醉安全性。文章旨在探究ESPB的临床研究及未来发展方向,为其临床应用提供依据。     

Comparative efficacy of quadratus lumborum type-II and erector spinae plane block in patients undergoing caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia: a randomised controlled trial

BackgroundQuadratus lumborum and erector spinae plane blocks have been used to provide analgesia in patients undergoing thoracic or abdominal surgeries. Our study compared the analgesic efficacy of the quadratus lumborum type-II block (QLB-II) and the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in parturients who underwent caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.MethodsFifty-two patients with comparable demographic profiles were randomised into two groups, QLB-II (n = 26) and ESPB (n = 26). After the surgery, patients received either ultrasound-guided QLB-II or ESPB using 0.25% bupivacaine 0.3 mL/kg. Comparison of analgesic efficacy was in terms of fentanyl consumption (primary outcome), pain scores, incidence of complications in the 24-h postoperative period, and quality of recovery (QoR-15) on postoperative days one and two, and day of discharge.ResultsThere was no significant difference in cumulative number of fentanyl doses (W = 349.000, P = 0.840), numerical rating score at rest (P = 0.648) or with movement (P = 0.520), QoR-15 scores on postoperative day one (P = 0.549), day two (P = 0.927) or day of discharge (P = 0.676).ConclusionWe concluded that patients who underwent QLB-II or ESPB reported similar analgesic efficacy, complications, and quality of recovery in the postoperative period.     

竖脊肌平面阻滞在脊柱手术中的临床应用进展

脊柱的椎体和椎旁肌受脊神经背侧支支配。超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞(ESPB)是将局麻药注射至竖脊肌深面与椎体横突之间,理论上可阻滞脊神经背侧支,可安全有效地用于脊柱手术围术期镇痛。与脊柱手术中的其他阻滞方式比较,ESPB具有较大镇痛优势,且并发症少。本文主要就ESPB的解剖学基础、操作方法、在各种脊柱手术中的应用及其可能引起的并发症等内容作一综述,为ESPB的临床应用提供参考。     

超声引导下单次竖脊肌平面阻滞用于老年患者术后镇痛的效果

目的观察超声引导下单次竖脊肌平面阻滞(ESP)用于胸腔镜手术老年患者术后镇痛的效果。方法选择本院择期行胸腔镜手术的老年患者80例,男49例,女31例,年龄65～77岁,BMI 20～24kg/m2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。随机分为ESP联合静脉镇痛组(E组)和静脉镇痛组(C组),每组40例。E组于麻醉诱导前行0.33%罗哌卡因+地塞米松5mg混合液30ml单次竖脊肌平面阻滞,C组不予处理,两组患者均采用全身麻醉。记录患者术后1、6、12、24和48h的静息和咳嗽时VAS评分和舒适度(BCS)评分。记录镇痛泵有效按压次数、输注总量和曲马多给药次数,记录患者对术后镇痛的满意度,记录皮肤瘙痒、头晕、胸闷等不良反应情况和气胸、局麻药中毒、内脏损伤、全脊麻等ESP相关并发症发生情况。结果与C组比较,E组术中丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼用量明显减少(P0.05),不同时点静息和咳嗽时VAS评分明显降低(P0.05),BCS评分明显升高(P0.05),追加曲马多和镇痛泵有效按压次数明显减少(P0.05),满意度评分明显升高(P0.05)。两组皮肤瘙痒、头晕和胸闷等不良反应差异无统计学意义。两组患者均未见气胸、局麻药中毒、内脏损伤、全脊麻等ESP相关并发症。结论超声引导下单次竖脊肌平面阻滞可安全有效用于胸腔镜手术老年患者术后镇痛。     

超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞对胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者术后肺功能的影响

目的观察超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞(erector spinae plane block, ESPB)对胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者术后肺功能的影响。方法选择择期全麻下行胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者130例,男65例,女65例,年龄40～75岁,BMI 18～25 kg/m~2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为ESPB组(E组)和对照组(C组),每组65例。E组于术毕即刻行手术侧超声引导下ESPB,在竖脊肌深面注入0.375%罗哌卡因25 ml。C组不行神经阻滞。两组术后均行PCIA。记录麻醉诱导前(T_0)、术后拔除气管导管后(T_1)、拔除胸腔引流管后(T_2)的一秒种用力呼气容积(FEV_1)、用力肺活量(FVC)和最高呼气流速变异率(PEFR),记录T_1、T_2时术后限制性通气障碍、阻塞性通气障碍、混合型通气障碍的发生情况和Prince-Henry疼痛评分。记录PCIA泵有效按压次数(D_1)、实际按压次数(D_2)和术后补救镇痛次数。记录术后恶心呕吐(PONV)、呼吸困难等发生情况;记录拔气管导管时间(拔管时间)、胸腔引流管留置时间、住院时间。结果 T_1时E组FVC、PEFR明显高于C组(P0.05),术后限制性通气障碍、阻塞性通气障碍、混合型通气障碍发生率和Prince-Henry评分明显低于C组(P0.05)。T_2时E组FEV1、FVC、PEFR明显高于C组(P0.05),Prince-Henry评分明显低于C组(P0.05)。E组D_2明显少于C组(P0.05),补救镇痛次数明显低于C组(P0.05)。E组PONV、呼吸困难等并发症发生率明显低于C组(P0.05),胸腔引流管留置时间、住院时间明显短于C组(P0.05)。结论超声引导下ESPB明显改善胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者术后肺功能,降低并发症,可能与充分的术后镇痛作用有关。     

超声引导下双侧竖脊肌平面阻滞联合全麻在微创漏斗胸修复术中的应用

目的 观察超声引导下双侧竖脊肌平面阻滞(ESPB)联合全身麻醉应用于微创漏斗胸修复术(MIRPE)的安全性和有效性.方法 选择2018年3月至2020年3月行MIRPE的青少年患者60例,男52例,女8例,年龄14～18岁,BMI 15～23 kg/m2,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级.采用随机数字表法将青少年患者分为两组:ESPB联...     

竖脊肌平面阻滞在急性或亚急性期带状疱疹中的镇痛作用

目的 评价超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞在急性期或亚急性期带状疱疹患者中的镇痛作用。
方法 采用前瞻性随机对照双盲法,纳入胸背部带状疱疹患者52例,男25例,女27例,年龄≥50岁,BMI 18～28 kg/m²,ASA Ⅰ—Ⅲ级,随机分为两组：竖脊肌平面阻滞组（E组）和对照组（C组）,每组26例。E组超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞注射0.4%罗哌卡因20 ml,C组皮下注射生理盐水2 ml,连续3 d。记录末次治疗后1个月疱疹部位疼痛的发生情况和静息和运动时视觉模拟评分（VAS）、ID-pain量表和McGill疼痛问卷简表（SF-MPQ）评分。记录末次治疗后第4周口服镇痛药物用量及药物相关不良反应的发生情况。
结果 与C组比较,E组末次治疗后1个月疱疹部位疼痛发生率明显降低（P<0.05）,末次治疗后1个月静息时VAS疼痛评分、ID-pain量表评分、SF-MPQ的疼痛总分及情感类评分均明显降低（P<0.05）,末次治疗后第4周羟考酮使用率明显降低（P<0.05）,药物相关不良反应发生率明显降低（P<0.05）。
结论 竖脊肌平面阻滞可明显减轻急性或亚急性期带状疱疹治疗30 d后的疼痛,并减少口服镇痛药物用量和不良反应的发生。     

A randomised controlled trial of pectoral nerve-2 (PECS 2) block vs. serratus plane block for chronic pain after mastectomy

Thoracic interfascial plane blocks are effective for post-mastectomy acute analgesia. However, their effects on chronic pain are uncertain. We randomly allocated 80 women equally to pectoral nerve-2 (PECS 2) block or serratus plane block. The pectoral nerve-2 block reduced the rate of moderate or severe chronic pain from 13/40 (33%) with the serratus plane block to 4/40 (10%), p = 0.03, adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) 0.23 (0.07–0.80), p = 0.02. The rates of pain-free women at six postoperative months were indeterminate, 10/40 (25%) after serratus plane block vs. 19/40 (48%) after pectoral nerve-2 block, p = 0.06, adjusted odds ratio (95%CI) 2.9 (1.1–7.5), p = 0.03. Health-related quality of life at six postoperative months was similar after serratus plane and pectoral nerve-2 blocks, mean (SD) EQ-5D-3L scores 0.87 (0.15) vs. 0.91 (0.14), respectively, p = 0.21. The pectoral nerve-2 block reduced median (IQR [range]) morphine consumption in the first 24 postoperative hours from 6 (3–9 [1–25]) mg to 4 (2–7 [0–37]) mg, p = 0.04. However, acute pain scores after serratus plane and pectoral nerve-2 blocks were similar, median (IQR [range]) 23 (11–35 [0–70]) mm vs. 18 (11–27 [0–61]) mm, respectively, p = 0.44. Pectoral nerve-2 block reduced chronic pain 6 months after mastectomy compared with serratus plane block.     

超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞联合静脉镇痛用于肝叶切除术患者的效果

目的观察超声引导下单次竖脊肌平面阻滞(erector spinae plane block,ESPB)联合静脉镇痛用于肝叶切除术患者的效果。方法择期肝叶切除术患者90例,男63例,女27例,年龄30～65岁,BMI 20～29 kg/m~2, ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,随机分为三组:单次ESPB联合静脉镇痛组(EP组)、硬膜外镇痛组(EA组)、单纯自控静脉镇痛组(IA组),每组30例。三组患者均采用全身麻醉。EP组于麻醉诱导前行0.33%罗哌卡因30 ml+地塞米松5 mg单次ESPB。EA组患者于麻醉诱导前行T_(10～11)间隙穿刺置入硬膜外导管,术毕硬膜外镇痛。EP组和IA组术毕使用静脉镇痛泵。记录ESPB的阻滞平面和术后2、6、12、24和48 h的静息和咳嗽时VAS评分;记录镇痛泵按压次数、追加曲马多例数;记录皮肤瘙痒、恶心呕吐、尿潴留、胸闷等不良反应发生情况和ESPB相关并发症;记录患者对术后镇痛的满意度评分。结果 EP组痛觉阻滞范围,T_5—T_(12)脊神经支配区域16例,T_4—T_(11)脊神经支配区域11例,T_6—L_1脊神经支配区域3例。术后2、6、12、24和48 h EP组和EA组静息和咳嗽时VAS评分明显低于IA组(P0.05)。EP组和EA组镇痛泵按压次数和追加曲马多例数明显少于IA组(P0.05)。三组均未出现呼吸抑制不良反应。EP组术后恶心呕吐发生率明显低于IA组(P0.05),EA组皮肤瘙痒和尿潴留发生率明显高于IA组(P0.05)。EP组和EA组患者对术后镇痛效果的总体满意度评分明显高于IA组(P0.05)。结论超声引导下竖脊肌平面阻滞联合患者自控静脉镇痛技术用于肝叶切除术后镇痛能够获得硬膜外镇痛的效果,且不良反应发生率低,患者满意度更高。     

竖脊肌平面阻滞与椎旁神经阻滞对肥胖患者腹腔镜袖状胃切除术后恢复质量影响的比较北大核心CSCD

目的探讨竖脊肌平面阻滞(ESPB)与椎旁神经阻滞(PVB)对腹腔镜袖状胃切除术肥胖患者术后恢复质量的影响。方法选择2021年1—3月择期腹腔镜袖状胃切除术的肥胖患者107例,男25例,女82例,年龄18~45岁,BMI 30~40 kg/m^(2),ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级。将患者随机分成两组:ESPB组(E组,n=54)和PVB组(P组,n=53)。E组于T_(8)行双侧ESPB,P组于T_(8)行双侧PVB,每侧均给予0.33%罗哌卡因20 ml。两组术中麻醉方案相同,术后行标准化镇痛。采用恢复质量15(QoR-15)量表评估术后24、48 h恢复质量。记录术后0.5、2、6、12、24、48 h静息和活动时NRS评分。记录术后48 h内镇痛药物用量、镇痛泵总按压次数和有效按压次数、补救镇痛例数、术后首次下床活动时间、术后首次肛门排气时间、术后住院时间、术后恶心呕吐(PONV)和神经阻滞相关并发症发生情况。结果两组术后24、48 h QoR-15评分、术后0.5、2、6、12、24、48 h静息和活动时NRS评分、术后48 h内镇痛药物用量、镇痛泵总按压次数和有效按压次数、补救镇痛率、术后首次下床活动时间、术后首次肛门排气时间、术后住院时间、PONV发生率差异均无统计学意义。两组无一例发生穿刺部位出血、血肿、气胸、神经损伤等神经阻滞相关并发症。结论竖脊肌平面阻滞对肥胖患者腹腔镜袖状胃切除术后恢复质量的作用与椎旁神经阻滞相似,两种神经阻滞方法均能取得良好的镇痛效果。     

不同浓度罗哌卡因竖脊肌平面阻滞在腹腔镜下胃癌根治术中的应用效果

目的 观察不同浓度罗哌卡因竖脊肌平面阻滞（ESPB）对腹腔镜下胃癌根治术患者术中镇痛效果和炎性因子的影响。
方法 择期行腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者80例,男54例,女26例,年龄40～65岁,BMI 18～25 kg/m²,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法将患者分为四组,每组20例。S1、S2、S3组行双侧ESPB,每侧分别注射0.25%、0.375%、0.5%罗哌卡因,随后行全身麻醉;C组行单纯全身麻醉。术中采用全凭静脉麻醉,术毕行舒芬太尼PCIA。记录阻滞起效时间和持续时间;记录术后2、8、12、24、48 h静息和运动时VAS疼痛评分;记录术中舒芬太尼用量、术后48 h内镇痛泵有效按压次数和舒芬太尼追加情况。记录术后2、8、12、24 h血清IL-6和IL-10浓度;记录术后呼吸抑制、恶心呕吐、局麻药中毒等不良反应情况。
结果 与S1组比较,S2组、S3组阻滞起效时间明显缩短（P<0.05）;与S2组比较,S3组阻滞起效时间明显缩短（P<0.05）。三组阻滞持续时间差异无统计学意义。与C组比较,S1组、S2组、S3组术后2、8、12 h静息和运动时VAS疼痛评分明显降低（P<0.05）;与S1组比较,S2组、S3组术后8 h静息和运动时VAS疼痛评分明显降低（P<0.05）。与C组比较,S1组、S2组、S3组术中舒芬太尼用量和术后48 h内镇痛泵有效按压次数明显减少（P<0.05）。与S1组比较,S2组、S3组术后48 h内镇痛泵按压次数明显减少（P<0.05）。与C组比较,S2、S3组术后追加舒芬太尼例数明显减少（P<0.05）。与C组比较,术后8、12 h S1组、S2组、S3组IL-6浓度明显降低,IL-10浓度明显升高（P<0.05）。四组术后呼吸抑制、恶心呕吐发生率差异无统计学意义。S3组术后有1例（5%）出现肌肉震颤的局麻药中毒反应。
结论 超声引导下0.375%罗哌卡因ESPB可减少腹腔镜下胃癌根治术的围术期阿片类药物用量,镇痛效果确切,同时减轻胃癌患者术后炎症反应。