学龄期唇腭裂儿童Rutter心理行为问题的初步研究

目的:了解唇腭裂儿童与正常儿童个性心理行为的差异.方法:采用Rutter儿童行为量表(父母问卷),以现场调查形式对上海地区100例学龄期唇腭裂儿童和135例正常儿童进行心理行为调查.应用SPSS 10.0软件包对2组资料进行X2检验.结果:学龄期唇腭裂儿童,Rutter行为问题的阳性检出率高于正常儿童(P<0.05),男性检出率高于女性,男性的A行为检出率显著高于女性.结论:要加强对学龄期唇腭裂儿童早期心理行为干预,尤其是男性儿童,以提高他们的身心健康.     

唇腭裂患儿手术治疗的住院管理

本文通过文献回顾和作者的临床经验就唇腭裂修复手术的术前术后管理以及影响因素进行了详细地论述.文章认为大部分唇腭裂患者可以在手术当天入院,术后24～48小时出院,但必须考虑下述因素:患者年龄、手术复杂性、术者的手术技术和经验、患者围手术期的恢复情况以及患者是否患有其它先天畸形.     

唇腭裂患者心理、社会行为研究的进展

自 1 8 79年近代实验心理学的开创者冯特在莱比锡大学创立了世界上第一个心理实验室 ,使心理学从哲学中分离出来而成为一门独立的学科以来 ,这门新兴学科已在理论研究与实践应用方面取得了大量成果[1～ 4] 。心理学的研究对象是心理现象 ,包括感觉、知觉、注意、情绪、态度、动机、气质、性格、以及信仰、期待、做梦等的个体心理现象和时尚、风俗、舆论等的社会心理现象。其基本研究方法有观察法、调查法、测验法及实验法等[3 ,5] 。在现代心理学的研究中病理心理学及临床心理学一直占有重要的地位 ,而属于心理学应用领域的医学心理学则是在…     

早期心理干预对唇腭裂患儿父母的影响

目的 对唇腭裂患儿父母的心身健康状况进行评估并进行早期心理干预,探讨早期心理干预对唇腭裂患儿父母的影响。方法 采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对102名唇腭裂患儿的父亲或母亲在入院当天进行调查,在住院期间及出院后3个月内定期地进行心理干预,并于出院当天及3个月后再进行问卷调查。以126名正常儿童的父亲或母亲作为对照组。结果 病例组患儿父母在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑等9个维度上分值均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）;病例组3个亚组（唇裂组、腭裂组、唇腭裂组）间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;病例组出院当天与入院时的统计结果差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,出院后3个月与入院时的统计结果有显著差异（P＜0.05）。结论 唇腭裂患儿父母的心身健康状况较差,早期心理干预对唇腭裂患儿家长具有重大影响,而且对患儿的心身健康也具有积极的意义。     

唇腭裂患儿家长的心理分析

的　评价唇腭裂患儿家长心理状态,探讨唇腭裂患儿家长负性心理状态与唇腭裂类型的关系,及改善 唇腭裂患儿家长负性心理的有效途径。方法　筛选非综合征性唇腭裂患儿家长100名作为试验组,另选择34名正 常儿童家长作为对照组。试验组按照患儿唇腭裂类型分为3个亚组:单纯性唇裂组(CL组)、单纯性腭裂组(CP组) 和唇腭裂组(CLP组)。选用生活事件量表和焦虑自评量表对试验组和对照组家长的心理状态进行定性和定量分 析。结果　试验组生活事件总刺激量、负性事件刺激量均高于对照组(P<0·05),3个亚组间生活事件总刺激量和 负性事件刺激量也有统计学差异(P<0·05),CLP组最高,CP组最低。焦虑自评量表调查结果显示,试验组焦虑自 评总分值与对照组无统计学差异(P>0·05)。结论　唇腭裂患儿家长普遍处于一种负性心理状态,少数表现出躯 体症状,唇腭裂患儿的畸形类型不同,家长的负性心理状态也不同,唇裂畸形比腭裂畸形对家长心理的影响更重, 说明唇腭裂患儿家长更在乎患儿的容貌畸形。     

唇腭裂术后语音障碍患者心理行为的临床分析研究

目的：分析语音障碍人群心理行为，探究语音异常对患者心理状态的影响。方法：采集我院语言治疗中心的65例患者，通过问卷形式进行心理调查。结果：语音障碍患者存在不同程度的心理障碍问题，而异常的心理障碍又直接影响了语音治疗的效果。结论：语音障碍患者存在心理障碍，且影响着语音治疗效果，因此心理治疗是腭裂序列治疗中的重要环节。     

唇腭裂患者心理干预影响的初步研究

目的 探讨心理干预对成人唇腭裂患者心理状况的影响.方法 对34例住院成人唇腭裂患者按照随机分组原则分为对照组和干预组.对照组在住院期间仅进行手术治疗,干预组在进行手术治疗的同时接受心理干预.人院后、出院前分别对两组患者进行测评,以评价心理干预对成人唇腭裂患者心理状况的影响.施测工具为交往焦虑量表、自尊量表及社会支持量表...     

唇腭裂患儿口腔健康状况调查

目的：调查唇腭裂患儿的口腔健康状况及发病规律。方法：对１１２ 例２．５～６ 岁唇腭裂患儿的口腔健康及卫生状况进行调查,内容包括龋病情况、乳牙釉质发育情况、乳牙牙体畸形和口腔卫生状况的调查。结果：唇腭裂患儿乳牙龋均为２．４１;牙釉质发育缺陷占６．８９％ ;牙体畸形占２．０２％ ;菌斑指数≥２者占４４．６％ 。     

唇腭裂幼儿行为问题的研究

目的:评价唇腭裂幼儿行为问题,为临床开展心理评估及干预提供参考依据。方法:随机选取2010年1月～2011年12月于中南大学湘雅医院口腔颌面外科住院治疗的唇腭裂患儿95例(年龄2～3岁),采用Achenbach的儿童行为量表(Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL)评估并与正常同龄幼儿对照分析。结果:幼儿唇腭裂行为问题无性别差异;但唇腭裂组患儿在攻击行为因子得分较对照组得分低,在社会退缩、抑郁、睡眠问题、躯体诉述、破坏行为5个行为因子方面得分则高于对照组。结论:唇腭裂幼儿行为与正常婴幼儿相比有明显的异常,根据患儿自身行为异常进行及时的行为心理干预治疗是十分必要的。     

Orthodontic treatment of children with cleft lip and cleft palate

Orthodontic treatment of children with cleft palates continues through the periods of the three dentitions: temporary, mixed, and adult. Using examples, this paper deals with the different difficulties that can be encountered during treatment of this malformation. Orthodontic interception at the time of the temporary dentition corrects the heart of the problem, the transverse insufficiency, but also addresses moderate maxillary retrusion. Cooperation with a speech therapist at this stage is essential. In the mixed dentition, orthodontists correct incisal malalignment and, depending upon the severity of the deformity, consider surgical intervention. In the adult dentition, a variety of decisions must be made: whether to open or close the spaces left by absent lateral incisors; whether to accept an orthodontic compromise or to elect surgical advancement of the maxilla; and, if surgery is deemed appropriate, whether to embark on an early distraction procedure or to rely on a classical osteotomy.     

Feeding infants with cleft lip, cleft palate, or cleft lip and palate

In assessing 143 infants with cleft lip and palate, we found feeding problems to vary with the patients' anatomic lesion. Effective feeding techniques were identified by first assessing the infant's ability to generate negative intraoral pressure and to move the tongue against the nipple and then by matching these deficits to appropriate feeding devices.     

Tooth size in children with cleft lip and palate

The mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions of primary and permanent teeth were measured in 246 children with either isolated cleft palate or complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. The primary teeth of males with clefts were reduced in their buccolingual dimension compared to the control, while in females there were reductions in the mesio-distal dimension. There were no remarkable differences in the size of the permanent teeth in males with clefts. Females with clefts had reduced buccolingual dimensions of the permanent teeth, in both jaws.     

单侧完全性唇腭裂儿童患侧前牙发育研究

目的 分析单侧完全性唇腭裂儿童（ＵＣＬＰ）患侧尖牙发育特点。方法 ５３例８～１２岁ＵＣＬＰ患儿,采用Ｂｒｏｕｗｅｒｓ方法,测量并比较术前曲面断层中健侧及患侧恒上尖牙长度,并观察恒上切牙缺失和畸形情况。结果 ＵＣＬＰ患儿健、患侧恒上尖牙长度有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）;患侧侧切牙缺失３５．８％,患侧上中、侧切牙畸形４７．２％。结论 患者患侧恒上尖牙发育明显迟缓,并伴有不同程度患侧侧切牙缺失、中、侧切     

Nasopharyngeal characteristics in children with cleft lip and palate.

Cephalometric assessment of the nasopharynx and its adjacent structures was carried out in two experimental groups of 5-year-old male patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate. The first group included individuals who had not had surgery, and the second was comprised of individuals who were at least 1 year postpalatoplasty with primary pharyngeal flap. They were compared with a control group of boys of comparable average age who did not have clefts. Both groups of patients with clefts showed a reduction of the nasopharyngeal bony framework related to the posterior position and decreased posterior height of the maxilla without hypertrophy of the adenoids. The smaller nasopharyngeal airway was consistent with the reduction of the size of the bony nasopharynx. There was shortening of the anterior cranial base located in the region of the middle cranial fossa. The height of the body of the sphenoid bone was reduced, but the angle of the cranial base was within normal limits.     

Craniofacial morphology of parents with cleft lip and palate children

In order to elucidate their cranial and facial morphological features, frontal and lateral cephometric analysis was made of parents of 86 children with cleft lip with or without cleft palate [CL (P)] and 14 children with cleft palate (CP). Similar analysis was made of 30 control male and female volunteers who demonstrated no maxillofacial anormalies and had no blood relatives affected by CL(P) or CP. In addition, discriminative analysis was performed. Results (1) Maximum cranial breadth values in the 4 parent groups, both father groups [CL(P)-F, CP-F] and mother groups [CL(P)-M, CP-M] were lower than those in controls. Differences were significant in the CP-F and CP-M groups. The shapes and sizes of the cranial base, however, in all parent groups showed no distinct difference from those in the control group. (2) Inner canthal distance and maximum piriform aperture breadth in all parent groups and outer canthal distance, zygoma breadth, and maxillary alveolar base breadth in the CL(P)-F, CL(P)-M, and CP-M groups were all greater than those in controls. The differences were significant in the case of inner canthal distance and maximum piriform aperture breadth in the CL(P)-F group and in both inner and outer canthal distances and maximum piriform aperture breadth in the CL(P)-M group. (3) SNA angle in all parent groups was slightly greater, but occlusal plane angle and maxillary incisor angle were smaller than those in the control group. Significant difference was noted in occlusal plane angle in the CL(P)-F group. In all parent groups, depth values at various upper facial points in the lateral aspect of hard tissue tended to be greater and height values smaller than those of the control group. (4) In all parent groups, upper facial height, upper labial thickness, upper labial bending degree, and anterior nasal angle in the lateral aspect of the upper facial soft tissue tended to be smaller and upper labial height greater than those in the control group. A distinct difference between subjects and controls was observed in upper labial height in the CL(P)-F and CL(P)-M groups and in upper labial bending degree in the CP-F and CP-M groups. (5) Although no distinct difference was observed between controls and the parent groups in terms of facial angle and SNB angle, mandibular plane angle and gonial angle were relatively large and incisor axial angle was small in the parent groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Fundamental care programme in children with cleft lip and palate

By means of examination for caries-morbidity and the degree of treatment by patients with cleft lip and palate will be referred to the inadequate care of this patients. Longitudinal studies show the sequences of caries and extractions for the development of dentition. As a result of this will be decuced demands for the dentistry for children of patients with cleft lip and palate.