大鼠癫癎持续状态后海马神经元凋亡的研究

目的：通过美解眠诱导鼠癫癎持续状态后观察海马神经元的细胞凋亡现象。　材料和方法：给ＳＤ大鼠腹腔注射美解眠（２０ ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ）,２４ ｈ 后在光镜和电镜下观察大鼠海马神经元的形态学改变,并以ＤＮＡ 末端标记法（ＴＵＮＥＬ）检测海马神经元的凋亡。　结果：ＳＤ大鼠注射美解眠后出现典型的癫癎发作,光镜和电镜下可观察到海马神经元有典型的细胞凋亡现象,包括细胞体皱缩、胞质浓缩、染色质凝聚成块状、有边集现象, 同时有少量凋亡小体形成。ＴＵＮＥＬ检测发现海马结构内可见ＴＵＮＥＬ染色阳性细胞,其分布不均匀,有区域性差异,以ＣＡ３ 区最为多见。致癎组海马ＣＡ３ 区ＴＵＮＥＬ阳性细胞数的平均百分率（７５．１４％ ）与对照组（９．４％ ）相比有极显著性差异（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。　结论：癫癎发作可诱导大鼠海马神经元发生凋亡。     

血管性痴呆大鼠海马及齿状回核酸的变化

目的：观察血管性痴呆（ＶＤ）大鼠海马及齿状回核酸的比较。方法：采用改良的ＰｕＩｓｉｎｅｌｌｉ４－血管阻断（４－ＶＯ）方法建立大鼠血管性痴呆模型,用啶橙染色法血一痴呆大鼠海马ＣＡ１区、ＣＡ３区及齿状回核酸变化情况。结果：与正常对照组比较,血管性痴呆大鼠海巴ＣＡ１区、ＣＡ３区及齿状回的核酸啶橙染色后的荧光强度（反映ＤＮＡ和ＲＮＡ含量）明显减弱,结论：血管性痴呆导致大鼠海马ＣＡ１区、ＣＡ３区及齿状回核酸的变化。     

痫样放电与海马CA3区神经元死亡的关系

目的 定量研究大鼠杏仁核注射海人酸所致的痫样放电与海马ＣＡ３区神经元死亡的关系。方法 以深部脑电图监 测Ⅳ级痫样放电的持续时间,以ＨＥ染色观察记数存活神经元,以ＴＵＮＥＬ染色观察记数凋亡神经元。通过相邻切片的 ＨＥ染色和ＴＵＮＥＬ染色估算坏死神经元数。结果　痫样放电导致凋亡为主的,伴有坏死的ＣＡ３神经元死亡;放电的持 续时间越长,神经元存活数越少,坏死和凋亡的神经元数目越多。结论　随着Ⅳ级放电持续时间的延长,海马ＣＡ３存活 细胞呈剂量依赖性地减少,坏死和凋亡细胞都呈剂量依赖性地增加。     

益气通络方对大鼠短暂性脑缺血后海马DND的保护作用

目的：探讨益气通络方对大鼠短暂性脑缺血后海马迟发性神经元死亡（ＤＮＤ）的保护作用及其机制。方法：用Ｐｕｌｓｉｎｅｌｌｉ四血管闭塞法制作全服缺血模型。实验动物随机分为假手术对照组、脑缺血加生理盐水组和脑缺血加益气通络方组。缺血再灌３天后进行ＨＥ染色、ＴＵＮＥＬ染色。结果：①ＨＥ染色,光镜下观察ＣＡ１区组织病理学变化,并用显微测微尺测量ＣＡ１区存活锥体细胞密度（存活锥体细胞的上数／ｍｍ）,表明益气通络     

血管性痴呆大鼠海马一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元的变化

目的：观察血管性痴呆大鼠海马神经元型一氧化氮合酶（nNOS)阳性神经元的变化。方法：采用改良的Pulsinelli4-血管阻断（4－VO）方法建立大鼠血管性痴呆模型,用免疫组化法研究大鼠海马nNOS的表达的变化。结果：与正常对照组比较,血管性痴呆大鼠海马CA1区和CA3区nNOS阳性神经元数目明显减少。结论：血管性痴呆大鼠海马nNOS阳性神经元的数目减少,与血管性痴呆的形成有关。     

全身亚低温对大鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤海马CA1区神经元凋亡？…

目的：观察全身亚低温对大鼠全脑缺血再灌注损伤细胞凋亡的影响，探讨亚低温的脑复苏机制和脑缺血后凋亡刺激因素。方法：采用改良的Ｐｕｌｓｉｎｅｌｌｉ－ＷＡ４ＶＯ法，制备大鼠全脑缺血再灌注模型，采用ＴＵＮＥＬ法，观察海马脑区细胞凋亡的特征变化。结果：发现脑缺血２０ｍｉｎ再灌注６ｈ，海马ＣＡ区可见少量细胞核呈蓝染颗粒，于再灌注１２ｈ，２４ｈ，４８ｈ，３ｄ，５ｄ蓝染阳性细胞明显增多，５ｄ达高峰，７ｄ开始下降。     

EFFECTS OF INTERLEUKIN－4 ON GRANULOCYTE－MACROPHAGE－COLONY FORMATION FROM MURINE BONE MARROW CELLS AND HEMATOPOIETIC RECONSTIT

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＩＮＴＥＲＬＥＵＫＩＮ－４ＯＮＧＲＡＮＵＬＯＣＹＴＥ－ＭＡＣＲＯＰＨＡＧＥ－ＣＯＬＯＮＹＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＦＲＯＭＭＵＲＩＮＥＢＯＮＥＭＡＲＲＯＷＣＥＬＬＳＡＮＤＨＥＭＡＴＯＰＯＩＥＴＩＣＲＥＣＯＮＳＴＩＴＵＴＩＯＮＦＯＬＬＯＷＩＮ...     

脑力康对血管性痴呆大鼠学习记忆及海马神经元保护作用的实 …

采用改良Ｐｕｌｓｉｎｅｌｌｉ４条血管阻断全脑缺血方法,建立血管性痴呆（ＶＤ）大鼠动物模型,用Ｙ型迷宫法定量测定其学习记忆能力,计量病理学显著微镜观测其双侧海马ＣＡ１区神经元数目,结果表明：治疗组大鼠学习记忆成绩明显优于模型对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）;治疗组双侧海马ＣＡ１区神经元存活数较模型对照组明显增多（Ｐ〈０．０１）,说明脑力康对ＶＤ大鼠学习和记忆障碍可能有一定的改善作用,对其海马神经元可能有一定的     

SERUM AMYLOID P COMPONENT NOT ASSOCIATED WITH C4B一BINDING PROTEIN IN HUMAN SERUM SHOWN BY CROSSED IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS IN TH

ＳＥＲＵＭＡＭＹＬＯＩＤＰＣＯＭＰＯＮＥＮＴＮＯＴＡＳＳＯＣＩＡＴＥＤＷＩＴＨＣ４Ｂ一ＢＩＮＤＩＮＧＰＲＯＴＥＩＮＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＳＥＲＵＭＳＨＯＷＮＢＹＣＲＯＳＳＥＤＩＭＭＵＮＯＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＰＨＯＲＥＳＩＳＩＮＴＨＥＰＲＥＳＥＮＣＥＯＦＣＡＬＣＩＵ...     

血管性痴呆的动物模型及其胆碱能机制研究

目的 建立血管性痴呆（ＶＤ）的运行模型,并探讨血管性痴呆认知障碍的发病机制。方法 采用持久性双侧颈总动脉法致老龄大鼠慢必离血流灌注不足,建立老大鼠血管要模型,进行数字减影血管造影（ＤＳＡ）检查、穿梭箱试验和胆碱乙酰酶（Ｃｈｏｌｉｎｅ ａｃｅｔｙｉｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒａｓｅ,ＣｈＡＴ）免疫组化测定。结果 慢性脑血流灌注不足２月后出现明显的认知功能障碍,缺血４月后更明显;海马ＣＡ１区ＣｈＡＴ免疫反应阳性神     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.