心性猝死的院外救治

“自然的”“出乎意料”和“突然的”死亡称为猝死。1984年心脏性猝死科学小组认为“心性猝死指在原有心脏病、心前区疼痛、心肌梗塞基础上所致死亡”,且往往发生在貌似健康人的身上。猝死来得极其突然,多发生在院外家中尤其是老年群体。此时最需要立即出现的是抢救者,因为再现代化的救护中心,医务人员赶到也要数分钟,而恰恰在前几分钟对于病人是极其重要的。众所周知心脏停跳后三分钟,大脑皮质即发生不可逆性损害。为赢得这一时间,实施正确处理为后续抢救奠定基础,干休所医务人员应加强学习,提高认识,作好宣传,备好抢救物品,以期提高院外抢救成功率。     

From the x-ray department to the institute for imaging diagnosis

The increasing sophistication of diagnostic radiology has led to rising emphasis on modality-related training and practice in radiological subspecialties. To accomplish both optimal patient management and a rational, cost-effective analysis of imaging procedures, a comprehensive approach to modern radiology is needed rather than a technology-related attitude. The imaging department, where the various imaging data are synthesized and correlation by a general practitioner of radiology, as opposed to the subspecialty radiologist, is the most suitable solution. The principles of management and the layout of such a center are described by the authors.     

Issues in the classification of mental illnesses within changing social relations.

The purpose of this article is to highlight critical issues in the onset and development of mental illnesses. Its contents critically examine the relevance of the standard psychiatric diagnostic measure (the biomedically based DSM III-R) in the classification of mental illnesses within changing social relations characteristic of the South African situation. Reference has been made to case studies whose clinical symptomatology reflects the multifaceted nature of psychological disturbance as it is manifested by people in a transitional state. Its major contribution is the proposition of a phenomenologically based dimensional approach in the conceptualization of the meaning of psychopathology as it is experienced by people in their total social context.     

Initial experience with a small dedicated computer system in a diagnostic x-ray department.

The operation of a small computer system involved in day to day management in an X-ray department is described. The system consists of the following equipment: PDP 8/F central processor with 8K core storage, 32K magnetic disc storage, High-speed paper tape reader (300 characters/s) and punch (50 characters/s), 3 Olivetti TE318 terminals with sprocket feed, paper tape reader and punch (10 characters/s). The system stores patient data relating to name, address, age, ward, referring physician, examination(s) requested, date of request, date of examination, date of report. From this data a large volume of relevant statistics is made available to the department and to the health authority. Labels for identifying record card, film envelope and X-ray films are automatically typed. During reporting coded phrases can be used by the radiologist. Interesting films can be recorded and recalled for library or consultation purposes as can research items. At report typing stage, the report heading is automatically recalled from the computer store. Coded phrases are typed automatically as is the radiologist's name and the date of the report. A 'DAYBOOK' IS TYPED AUTOMatically at the end of each working day. Problems encountered in running the system and future developments are described.