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1.
目的探讨江苏省恶性肿瘤高发地区与食管癌发病有关的流行因素。方法选择江苏省恶性肿瘤高发的大丰市进行以人群为基础的食管癌1∶1配对病例鄄对照研究,共调查了病例、对照各145例。采用单因素及多因素条件Logistic回归方法进行分析。结果居住地附近污染(OR=1.463,95%可信区间0.859~2.493),进食速度快(OR=1.661,95%可信区间0.868~3.181),喜食虾油蟹酱(OR=2.602,95%可信区间0.936~7.230)以及有肿瘤家族史(OR=2.036,95%可信区间1.059~3.914)为大丰市食管癌发病的主要危险因素,而10年前人均收入较高(OR=0.537,95%可信区间0.381~0.758)、常饮茶(OR=0.180,95%可信区间0.071~0.456)和性格开朗(OR=0.728,95%可信区间0.432~1.226)则为其保护因素。结论 应当通过逐步改善社区居民生活居住环境,教育居民改变不良的生活饮食习惯以及注意心理精神卫生来降低食管癌高发区的发病危险性。  相似文献   

2.
饮水与上消化道癌症的关系   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨不同饮水类型与上消化道癌症(肝癌、胃癌、食管癌)发病危险度的关系。方法 在江苏省泰兴市进行以人群为基础的病例.对照研究,包括肝癌、胃癌、食管癌病例各204、206、218例,对照415例。Logistic回归计算OR值及95%可信区间。结果 所有饮水类型中,浅井水和河水所占比例最高,平均饮用年限最长。饮河水史与胃癌、食管癌上升的危险度有关,而饮浅井水显示与胃癌下降的危险度有关,均呈明显剂量一效应关系;将只有自来水饮用史而无河水饮用史的人群作为参照组进行比较,河水饮用在3种癌症中呈现不同程度的剂量效应关系;当饮用年限大于37年时,肝癌、胃癌、食管癌调整的危险度分别上升到3.37(95%可信区间:1.36~8.39),5.41(95%可信区间:2.24~13.11),5.93(95%可信区间:2.35~14.93)。此外,肝癌危险度随个体饮生水频率的增高而上升,剂量-效应关系显著,经常饮用肝癌危险度上升到3.4。结论 河水暴露可能与当地胃癌、食管癌的高发有关,饮生水可能增高个体患肝癌的危险度,自来水则对3种癌症均有一定程度的保护作用。  相似文献   

3.
目的 通过回顾性病例—对照研究,分析2型糖尿病人急性心肌梗死的危险因素。方法 选择在娄底市3家医院出院诊断为2型糖尿病人1137例,以合并急性心肌梗死者72例作为病例组,无合并急性心肌梗死者1065例作为对照组,比较两组间危险因素的差异。结果 住院2型糖尿病人急性心肌梗死的患病率6.33%。多因素Logistic分析显示,控制血糖用药不规则(OR1.78,95%可信区间1.07~2.97)、血糖控制欠佳(OR 1.89,95%可信区间1.15~3.11)、高血压(OR 1.68,95%可信区间1.01~2.81)、甘油三酯≥2.82mmol/L(OR 2.26,95%可信区间1.37~3.72)、体质指数≥25kg/m^2(OR 1.79,95%可信区间1.06—3.02)是2型糖尿病人急性心肌梗死的独立危险因素。结论 血糖控制欠佳、用药不规则、高血压、高甘油三酯血症、肥胖等因素的控制对预防2型糖尿病人的急性心肌梗死具有重要意义。  相似文献   

4.
江苏省恶性肿瘤高发地区胃癌病例对照研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的分析江苏省恶性肿瘤高发地区胃癌发病的相关因素。方法选择江苏省恶性肿瘤高发地区大丰市进行以人群为基础的胃癌1:2病例-对照研究,共调查病例646例,对照1292人。采用单因素及多因素非条件Logistic回归方法进行分析。结果喜食烫食(OR=2.2841,95%CI:1.2609~4.1376)、进食速度快(OR=2.9668,95%CI:2.2736~3.8714)、喜食辣食品(OR=2.4875,95%CI:1.3644~4.5352)、癌症家族史(OR=1.4224,95%CI:1.1041~1.8325)等为胃癌发病的主要危险因素,而粮食储具常清洗翻晒(OR=0.5713,95%CI:0.4429~0.7368)、喜食大蒜(OR=0.6299,95%CI:0.4567~0.8687)、使用冰箱(OR=0.6256,95%CI:0.4104~0.9537)、饮茶(OR=0.4541,95%CI:0.3292~0.6263)、性格开朗(OR=0.5157,95%CI:0.3147~0.8453)等则为保护因素。结论应通过教育改变居民不良的生活饮食习惯以及注意心理精神卫生,以降低胃癌的发病危险性。  相似文献   

5.
目的 探讨职业相关因素与冠心病发病的关系。方法 选自天津医科大学总医院等4所教学医院心内科的102例冠心病病人,并按相同比例选自上述4所医院均无内分泌系统及心血管系统疾病的同期住院病人102例做为对照,进行病例一对照研究。结果 单因素非条件logistic回归分析结果表明,职业、文化程度是冠心病发生的危险因素,OR值分别为2.770(95%可信区间1.700—4.513)、1.279(95%可信区间1.041—1.572),P值分别为0.000,0.019。劳动强度、持续锻炼年限是保护因素,OR值分别为0.497(95%可信区间0.327—0.757)、0.577(95%可信区间0.379—0.878),P值分别为0.001,0.010。经多因素非条件Logistic回归分析,仍具有统计学意义的是职业和持续锻炼年限,OR值分别为2.640(95%可信区间1.332—5.232)、0.571(95%可信区间0.364—0.894),P值分别为0.001,0.010。结论 职业与冠心病的发生有关,脑力劳动者患冠心病的危险性比体力劳动者高。持续锻炼年限越长,患冠心病的危险性越小。  相似文献   

6.
CYP1A1和GSTM1基因多态与肺癌发病关系的病例-对照研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
目的 探讨肺癌易感性标记物CYP1A1及GSTM1基因多态以及吸烟等其他环境暴露因素与肺癌发生的关系。方法 采用病例-对照研究的方法,收集原发性肺癌病例91例以及非肺部疾患的住院病例(对照)91例,所有的研究对象均采静脉血进行DNA抽提,并用PCR方法检测CYP1A1以及GSTM1基因多态,同时调查研究对象吸烟等其他环境暴露因素。应用Logistic回归分析方法进行单因素和多因素的分析。结果 无论是单因素分析还是多因素分析均未显示出CYP1A1和GSTM1基因多态与肺癌发病的关联。多因素分析结果表明:化程度的OR为0.63(95%CI:0.45~0.86),吸烟量的OR为1.56(95%CI:1.14~2.14),无抽油烟机的OR为3.77(95%CI:1.48~9.56),食用动物油的OR为1.67(95%CI:1.25~2.24),常吃胡萝卜的OR为0.47(95%CI:0.22~0.98),饮酒的OR为6.58(95%CI:1.53~28.30),家族肺癌史的OR为3.75(95%CI:1.64~8.58)。结论 CYP1A1和GSTM1基因多态与肺癌发病无明显的关联,吸烟、饮酒、食用动物油、家族肺癌吏以及无抽油烟机是肺癌的危险因素,而高化程度和常吃胡萝卜与降低肺癌风险有关。  相似文献   

7.
应用食管癌相关危险因素建立筛查模型的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:利用人群不良生活习惯及行为与食管癌发病之间的关联性建立食管癌筛查模型。方法:通过对108对病例和对照进行1t1配对研究,找出与食管癌发病有关联的因素,再利用判别分析,建立食管癌筛查模型。结果:单因素分析显示,近几年有大的精神创伤(OR95% CI为1.5762-6.0968)、经常食用酱菜和盐腌制品(OR95%CI为2.8326-10.9774)、喜食辛辣食品(OR95%CI为1.4945~4.5084)、三餐饮食无规律(OR95% CI为1.4855-10.0488)、喜食烫的食物(OR95% CI为1.0481-3.5388)、喜食硬食粗食(OR95% CI为1.9132-5.9518)、近阶段明显消瘦(OR95% CI为8.9405-75.6114)、癌症家族史(OR95% CI为1.0661~2.0336)与当地食管癌发病有关联,为其危险因素。多食水果(OR95% CI为0.4463-0.9296)为食管癌保护因素。多因素分析显示,常食用酱菜和盐腌制品(OR95% CI为1.1922~2.3538)、近阶段明显消瘦(OR95% CI为4.5007-52.2460)、有癌症家族史(OR95%CI为1.0722~2.9032)为食管癌关联指标。通过多因素分析有意义的3个指标建立判别方程。结论:食管癌的发病与诸多不良的生活习惯与行为有关,这不仅为食管癌一级预防提供了依据,并为食管癌的二级预防,即早期发现、早期诊断和早期治疗中的初级筛查提供建立模型的可能。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨中国居民细胞色素P450 2E1(CYP2E1)基因多态性与胃癌易感性的关系。方法检索中国生物医学文献数据库和PubMed,并收集尚未发表的文章及毕业论文,获得有关中国居民CYP2E1基因多态性与胃癌易感性关系的文献进行Meta分析,以病例组和对照组CYP2E1基因型分布的比值比(OR)为效应指标。对文献进行评价筛选,异质性检验,然后应用Meta分析软件Rev Man4.2对各研究原始数据进行统计处理,计算合并OR值及95%可信区间。结果最终纳入系统评价进行Meta分析的共有6个病例.对照研究,其中胃癌患者881例,对照942例。Meta分析结果合并OR=1.21,95%可信区间为0.70-2.12,说明中国居民CYP2E1基因型频率分布与胃癌的关联无统计学意义。结论对目前相关研究结果的Meta分析显示尚无足够的证据证明中国居民CYP2E1基因多态性与胃癌易感性之间的关系,有必要开展更多设计实施良好的研究,将研究结果纳入该系统评价Meta分析以解决这一问题。  相似文献   

9.
婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻危险因素的病例对照研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
金辉  王蓓  沈惠  顾红英  汪宁 《中国公共卫生》2004,20(11):1302-1303
目的研究婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻的影响因素。方法按1:1配对原则,分别选取74例社区对照和63例医院对照进行多重病例对照研究。结果母乳喂养期在6个月以内的婴儿(OR=0.147,95%CI=0.028~0.764)、住房的面积大(OR=0.22.95%CI:0.09~0.54)感染轮状病毒的危险性较小;但12个月后更长时间的母乳喂养(OR=3.278,95%CI:1.554~6.931)、母亲年龄较小(OR=41.89,95%CI:2.56~68.6;OR=12.77,95%CI:1.58~103)、老人看护(OR=11.39,95%CI:2~65.31)、经常抱孩子外出(OR=2.676,95%CI:1.042~6.821)会增加轮状病毒腹泻的感染率。结论母乳喂养在一定程度上可减少婴儿轮状病毒腹泻的发生,但喂养时间不宜过长;与外界环境接触机会增多。可能是导致轮状病毒腹泻的主要危险因素。  相似文献   

10.
不同避孕方法与育龄妇女贫血关系的现况研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
陈树昶  汪宁  李瑛 《中国公共卫生》2004,20(9):1025-1027
目的 了解江苏省农村育龄妇女的贫血状况并探讨不同避孕方法与贫血的关系。方法 资料来源于江苏省避孕药具不良反应监测点的基线调查,用非条件Logistic回归模型分析贫血的影响因素。结果 (1)江苏省农村育龄妇女的贫血患病率为42.54%。(2)贫血的危险因素为经济欠发达地区、年龄≥35岁(OR=1.125,95%CI:1.019~1.242)、月经周期≤24d(OR=1.489,95%CI:1.198~1.850)、多产次(OR=1.230,95%CI:1.125~1.346)、使用宫内节育器(OR=1.153,95%CI:1.047~1.269);贫血的保护因素为:体重指数≥25kg/m^2(OR=0.693,95%CI:0.624~0.770)、非农民职业(OR=0.862,95%CI:0.776~0.957)、月经量少(OR=0.805,95%CI:0.744~0.871)。结论 农村育龄妇女的贫血患病率较高,已经成为严重的公共卫生问题;使用宫内节育器为贫血的影响因素.使用前应进行对象筛检。  相似文献   

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Choropleth maps are commonly used in cancer reports and community discussions about cancer rates. Cancer registries increasingly use geographic information system techniques. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention''s Division of Cancer Prevention and Control convened a Map Work Group to help guide application of geographic information systems mapping techniques and to promote choropleth mapping of data from central cancer registries supported by the National Program of Cancer Registries, especially for planning and evaluation of comprehensive cancer control programs. In this 2-part series in this issue of Preventing Chronic Disease, we answer frequently asked questions about choropleth map design to display cancer incidence data. We recommend that future initiatives consider more advanced mapping, spatial analysis, and spatial statistics techniques, and include usability testing with representatives of state and local programs and other cancer prevention partners.  相似文献   

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Background

Bladder cancer has been linked with long-term exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water.

Objectives

In this study we investigated the combined influence of DBP exposure and polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase (GSTT1, GSTZ1) and cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1) genes in the metabolic pathways of selected by-products on bladder cancer in a hospital-based case–control study in Spain.

Methods

Average exposures to trihalomethanes (THMs; a surrogate for DBPs) from 15 years of age were estimated for each subject based on residential history and information on municipal water sources among 680 cases and 714 controls. We estimated effects of THMs and GSTT1, GSTZ1, and CYP2E1 polymorphisms on bladder cancer using adjusted logistic regression models with and without interaction terms.

Results

THM exposure was positively associated with bladder cancer: adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were 1.2 (0.8–1.8), 1.8 (1.1–2.9), and 1.8 (0.9–3.5) for THM quartiles 2, 3, and 4, respectively, relative to quartile 1. Associations between THMs and bladder cancer were stronger among subjects who were GSTT1 +/+ or +/− versus GSTT1 null (pinteraction = 0.021), GSTZ1 rs1046428 CT/TT versus CC (pinteraction = 0.018), or CYP2E1 rs2031920 CC versus CT/TT (pinteraction = 0.035). Among the 195 cases and 192 controls with high-risk forms of GSTT1 and GSTZ1, the ORs for quartiles 2, 3, and 4 of THMs were 1.5 (0.7–3.5), 3.4 (1.4–8.2), and 5.9 (1.8–19.0), respectively.

Conclusions

Polymorphisms in key metabolizing enzymes modified DBP-associated bladder cancer risk. The consistency of these findings with experimental observations of GSTT1, GSTZ1, and CYP2E1 activity strengthens the hypothesis that DBPs cause bladder cancer and suggests possible mechanisms as well as the classes of compounds likely to be implicated.  相似文献   

15.
Innovative interventions are needed to connect underserved populations to cancer control services. With data from Missouri, North Carolina, Texas, and Washington this study a) estimated the cancer control needs of callers to 2-1-1, an information and referral system used by underserved populations, b) compared rates of need with state and national data, and c) examined receptiveness to needed referrals. From October 2009 to March 2010 callers' (N=1,408) cancer control needs were assessed in six areas: breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening, HPV vaccination, smoking, and smoke-free homes using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey items. Standardized estimates were compared with state and national rates. Nearly 70% of the sample had at least one cancer control need. Needs were greater for 2-1-1 callers than for state and national rates, and callers were receptive to referrals. 2-1-1 could be a key partner in efforts to reduce cancer disparities.  相似文献   

16.
肺癌易感性与NQO1、CYP1A1、mEH基因多态性的关系   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
[目的]对南京市正常人群和原发性肺癌病例进行NQO1,CYP1A1,mEH基因遗传多态性与肺癌易感性关系研究,探讨南京地区人群肺癌易感基因。[方法]收集正常人群样本88例;同时,应用病例-对照研究方法,收集南京市区原发性肺癌患者84例,同时按1:1配对选择正常对照84例,进行流行病学调查。采用PCR技术,对样本DNA进行NQO1,CYP1A1,mEH-exon3,mEH-exon4基因型的检测,并分析各基因型与肺癌易感性的关系。[结果]南京市正常人群中,相关基因野生型(wt/wt)。杂合型(wt/vt),突变型(vt/vt)三种基因型的频率分布情况分别是:NQO129.5%,51.1%,19.3%;CYP1A2135.2%,44.3%,20.5%;mEH-exon326.1%,56.8%,17.0%;mEH-exon483.0%,15.9%.1.1%,南京市区人群NQO1,CYP1A1和mEH-exon4基因多态性与肺癌易感性没有明显关系。mEH-exon3基因型与肺鳞癌发生有关,野生型个体可降低肺鳞癌发生的风险(OR=0.32,95%CI;0.0078-0.63)。杂合型和突变型个体患肺鳞癌的危险性明显高于野生型个体(OR=3.1,95%CI:0.08-6.12);考虑吸烟因素后,mEH-exon3基因型与吸烟者肺癌发生有关,野生型个体可使肺癌发病风险性降低(OR=3.1,95%CI;0.08-6.12);考虑吸烟因素后,mEH-exon3基因型与吸烟者肺癌发生有关,野生型个体可使肺癌发病风险性降低(OR=0.18,95%CI;0.06-0.29)。杂合型和突变型个体患肺癌的危险性增高(OR=5.66,95%CI:2.01-9.30)。[结论]南京市人群中NQO1,CYP1A1,mEH基因型的分布情况与国内外的相关报道存在一定差异。种族差异,地域不同可能是造成肺癌易感基因不同的重要原因。南京市人群中mEH-exon3基因杂合型和突变型与肺鳞癌发生有关,与吸烟者肺癌发生关系更为密切。  相似文献   

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In this study, we have investigated the effects of luteolin on colorectal cancer cells. Our results demonstrate that luteolin is able to induce cytotoxicity and cell cycle perturbation in a dose-dependent manner. By triggering poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, this molecule is able to induce the apoptosis of BE colorectal cancer cells. We have also studied the potential involvement of calpains in the proapoptotic effects of luteolin. Our data show that luteolin exhibits moderate inhibitory activity against calpain. Thus, treatment of these cells with both luteolin and the calpain inhibitor MDL 28170 causes an increase in the luteolin-induced apoptosis as proved by the enhancement of 89- and 26-kDa PARP fragments. This effect is concomitant with the downregulation of the DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression and the epigenetic integrator ubiquitin-like containing PHD Finger 1 (UHRF1). As a result, luteolin induces an upregulation of a tumor suppressor gene: p16INK4A. This study further proposes that calpain might be involved in the epigenetic code inheritance by regulating the epigenetic integrator UHRF1. We conclude from these results that targeting calpain, UHRF1, and DNMT1 using luteolin could be an interesting way to prevent and/or treat colorectal cancers.  相似文献   

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OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this paper is to describe the epidemiology of cancer in Vietnamese Americans and reviews some of the successful intervention strategies that have been accomplished in Northern California. FINDINGS: Preventable cancers are among the leading causes of death in Vietnamese Americans, who have higher than average rates of smoking and lower than average rates for breast and cervical cancer screening, and lower rates of hepatitis B vaccination. Community­based intervention trials have shown good success in reducing these risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Despite successes, more work needs to be done. Continuing research and dissemination of successful intervention strategies will help improve the health of Vietnamese Americans, one of the fastest growing populations in the U.S.  相似文献   

20.
CYP2E1、GSTT1基因多态性与胃癌易感性的关系   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
目的 探讨CYP2El、GSTTl基因多态性与胃癌遗传易感性的可能关系。方法 运用病例—对照分子流行病学研究方法和聚合酶链反应技术对胃癌病例组和正常对照组基因组DNA进行CYP2El、GSTTl基因分型。结果 RsaI酶切的CYP2El各基因型在胃癌病例组与对照组间的分布频率分别为A(c1/c1)型71.1%、52.2%,B(c1/c2)型24.4%、43.3%,C(c2/c2)型4.4%、4.4%,分布差异有显著性(X^2=7.34,P=0.025),A型基因使胃癌发生的危险性增加(OR=2.25,95%CI=1.16-4.37);cl等位基因在病例中的分布频率为83.3%,显著高于对照(73.9%)(X^2=4.77,P=0.028)。胃癌组GSTTl空白基因型(null)频率(60.0%)显著高于对照(43.3%,X^2=5.0l,P=0.025),GSTTl基因缺失增加胃癌发生的危险性(OR=1.96,95%口为1.04-3.71)。按GSTTl基因存在与否分层分析发现,当GSTTl基因存在时,CYP2El基因多态性与胃癌发生未见显著关联,而在GSTTl基因缺失组,CYP2ElA(c1/c1)基因型者发生胃癌的危险性显著增加。CYP2ElA(cl/c1)且GSTTl(null)型个体患胃癌的危险性是CYP2ElB(cl/c2)亿(c2/c2)且GSTTl(nonnull)个体的3.7l倍(95%CI=1.54—8.94)。结论CYP2El、GSTTl基因多态性与胃癌的遗传易感性有关联,CYP2ElRsaI酶切A基因型是胃癌的易感基因型,GSTTl基因缺失使胃癌的易感性增加,CYP2El、GSTTl两基因间存在交互作用。  相似文献   

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