软腭等离子射频打孔消融治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征

目的：探讨等离子低温射频软腭打孔消融对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的临床疗效。方法：对65例经多导睡眠图监测确诊为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的患者行软腭等离子低温射频打孔消融术，缩短软腭及悬雍垂。结果：术后随访3～6个月，患者均取得了满意效果。患者射频治疗前和治疗12周后多导睡眠参数比较显示：治疗后Ⅰ Ⅱ期睡眠时间明显缩短，Ⅲ Ⅳ期睡眠时间明显延长，睡眠效率及最低脉氧饱和度(LSpO2)均显著提高(P＜0．05)；呼吸暂停低通气指数减低及打鼾时间缩短与治疗前相比差异非常显著(P＜0．01)。患者射频治疗12周后软腭长度及悬雍垂长度的缩短及鼾声评级的降低均较治疗前有显著差异(P＜0．01)。Epworth嗜睡程度评分亦较治疗前明显降低(P＜0．01)。结论：等离子低温射频软腭打孔消融对于轻度OSAHS患者具有较好的近期疗效，且方便、安全、微创、康复快，无不良反应，有较好的发展前景，值得推广应用。     

软腭射频消融治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的临床研究

目的：探讨等离子低温射频软腭消融对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（0SAS）的临床疗效。方法：对78例经多导睡眠图监测确诊为OSAS的患者行软腭等离子低温射频消融术。结果：治疗后患者Ⅲ＋Ⅳ期睡眠时间明显延长．睡眠效率及最低氧饱和度显著提高，呼吸暂停低通气指数獗低及打鼾时间缩短，软腭长度及腭垂长度显著缩短，Epworth嗜睡程度评分亦较治疗前明显降低。结论：等离子低温射频软腭消融对于轻度OSAS患者具有较好的近期疗效，且方便、安全、微创、康复快，无不良反应，有较好的发展前景，值得推广应用。     

低温等离子射频消融术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

目的探讨低温等离子射频消融术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的疗效。方法对73例OSAHS患者给予低温等离子射频消融术治疗,比较术前与术后6个月患者睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、呼吸暂停总时间、鼾声指数、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)和Epwonh嗜睡程度评分。结果与治疗前比较,治疗后6个月患者AHI、呼吸暂停总时间、鼾声指数及Epwonh嗜睡程度评分明显减少(P<0.05),SaO2显著升高(P<0.05)。73例中显效43例(58.9%),有效25例(34.3%),无效5例(6.8%),总有效率为93.2%。结论低温等离子射频消融术治疗OSAHS效果好,副作用较少。     

微创技术在治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征中的应用

目的：应用微创技术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleepap neahypopnea syndrome，OSAHS)，并与传统的悬雍垂腭咽成形术(uvulopalatopharyngoplasty，UPPP)相比较。方法：为OSAHS36例施行了软腭等离子射频消融术(radio frequency tuiss volumetric reduction，RmR)及微波鼻部及鼻咽部手术。结果：总有效率为90．77％，手术前后AHI(apnea hypopnea index)均值比较差异有高度显著性(P＜0．01)，手术前后最低和平均血氧饱和度均有高度显著性(P＜0．01)。结论：低温等离子射频消融术在治疗鼾症和OSAHS中有一定的优越性、有效性．患者不适和副作用较小。     

软腭射频消融治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的临床研究

目的:探讨等离子低温射频软腭消融对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAS)的临床疗效。方法:对78例经多导睡眠图监测确诊为OSAS的患者行软腭等离子低温射频消融术。结果:治疗后患者Ⅲ Ⅳ期睡眠时间明显延长,睡眠效率及最低氧饱和度显著提高,呼吸暂停低通气指数减低及打鼾时间缩短,软腭长度及腭垂长度显著缩短,Epworth嗜睡程度评分亦较治疗前明显降低。结论:等离子低温射频软腭消融对于轻度OSAS患者具有较好的近期疗效,且方便、安全、微创、康复快,无不良反应,有较好的发展前景,值得推广应用。     

低温等离子射频消融并分部位手术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

目的探讨等离子低温射频消融术并扁桃体摘除术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的疗效分析和总结。方法选取经多导睡眠图(PSG)检查并确诊的OSAHS的患者67例,用等离子低温消融术并分部位行扁桃体摘除术治疗,术后6个月行多导睡眠仪监测与术前比较以确定疗效。结果术后随访6个月,与治疗前比较,最低血氧饱和度(LSpO2)显著提高(P<0.01);呼吸暂停低通气指数减低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论等离子低温射频消融术合并扁桃体摘除术具有较好的临床疗效,较单纯UPPP手术治疗更方便、有效、微创,有较好的应用前景。     

浅谈低温等离子射频消融治疗阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气综合征手术配合及护理体会

目的：总结低温等离子消融术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的护理。方法：分析26例经低温等离子消融术治疗阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气综合征病例。结果：26例患者中,术后6个月复查多导睡眠监测仪（PSG）,治愈21例,显效3例,有效2例。结论：低温等离子消融术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征是一种安全有效的方法,术前、术后的有效护理是手术成功的关键。     

等离子射频治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征67例

目的探讨等离子低温射频消融术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的效果。方法用等离子低温消融术治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）67例,于术前及术后6个月行多导睡眠仪监测以确定治疗效果。结果术后随访6个月,与治疗前比较,最低血氧饱和度（LSpO2）显著提高（P〈0.01）;呼吸暂停低通气指数减低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论等离子低温射频消融术具有较好的临床疗效,且方便、安全、有效、微创、术后轻微的不适和较少的副作用,有较好的应用前景。     

射频消融治疗悬雍垂腭咽成形术后无效的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

目的探讨等离子低温射频消融（Temperature-controlled radiofrequency ablation,RFA）治疗悬雍垂腭咽成形术（Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty,UPPP）、术后无效的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS）的疗效。方法选择18例UPPP术后无效的0SAHS患者接受RFA治疗。比较治疗前后呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、最低血氧饱和度（LSaO2）、鼾声评级和Epworth嗜睡程度评分,评价治疗效果。结果治疗总有效率66．67％,患者治疗6月后鼾声评级降低,Epworth嗜睡程度改善。治疗后6个月AHI较治疗前降低。结论对UPPP术后无效的OSAHS,等离子低温射频消融（RFA）是一种有效的治疗方法。     

低温等离子射频消融术结合改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术治疗中重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征临床疗效分析

目的探讨低温等离子射频消融术结合H-UPPP治疗中、重度OSAHS的临床疗效。方法选取经多导睡眠监测(PSG)明确诊断的中、重度OSAHS手术患者58例,用低温等离子射频消融术结合改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术(H-UPPP)治疗,比较患者术前及术后半年后患者呼吸暂停指数(AHI)、最低氧饱和度、呼吸暂停时间并结合Epworth嗜睡量表评分从而确定疗效。结果与治疗前比较,术后6个月随访呼吸暂停指数(AHI)、最低血氧饱和度(SaO2)、呼吸暂停时间、Epworth嗜睡量表评分等指标差异有统计学意义(P值0.05)。结论低温等离子射频消融术结合H-UPPP手术治疗中、重度OSAHS近期疗效满意。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.