针刺治疗女性不孕症系统评价的再评价＊

目的 评价针刺治疗女性不孕症系统评价的方法学质量和结局指标的可靠程度。方法 通过检索Cochrane Library、Pubmed、Web of science、中国知网、中国生物医学文献库、维普网和万方数据库，收集针刺治疗女性不孕症的系统评价/Meta分析。采用AMSTAR 2量表评价纳入研究的方法学质量，运用GRADE系统评价结局指标的质量分级。结果 共纳入13篇系统评价，AMSTAR 2评定结果仅1篇方法学质量为中等级，5篇低等级，7篇极低等级。GRADE评级结果显示，中等质量结局指标5个，低质量15个，极低质量15个。结论 目前针刺治疗女性不孕症与空白对照或假/安慰针刺和西药促排相比可提高临床妊娠率，尤其在取卵日前后或ET（Embryo-transfer）日及前后可以增加临床妊娠率，而对其他指标没有体现明显优势，但其方法学质量和结局指标的可靠程度相对较低，期待未来有更多高质量的研究提供可靠的临床证据。     

中药治疗高尿酸血症的系统评价再评价＊

目的 对中药治疗高尿酸血症的系统评价进行再评价。方法 计算机检索英文数据库PubMed、The Cochrane Library、EMbase和中文数据库CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP数据库，搜集中药治疗高尿酸血症的系统评价（SR）/Meta，检索时限为建库至2021年6月。应用AMSTAR2量表、PRISMA声明和GRADE方法对纳入的研究进行评价。结果 最终纳入7个SR/Meta，均分析了临床有效率，5篇个对血尿酸水平进行了分析。AMSTAR2方法学质量评价为极低；得分较差的条目为条目2、7、9、10、12、16。PRISMA报告质量问题主要表现在资金支持、资料条目、方案与注册、单个研究偏倚方面。GRADE进行证据体评价，质量普遍较低。结论 中药治疗高尿酸血症在临床疗效方面有优势，并减少不良反应发生率，但纳入研究的方法学质量不高，证据体质量低，在以后的临床研究设计中应加强试验的设计，为中药治疗高尿酸血症临床疗效提供依据。     

针灸疗法治疗慢性湿疹的系统评价再评价＊

目的 评价针灸疗法治疗慢性湿疹系统评价（Systematic review， SR）的方法学质量、报告质量与证据质量。方法 通过计算机检索EMbase、PubMed、Medline、Cochrane Library、CBM、CNKI、Wanfang和VIP等数据库建库至2021年4月1日的系统评价/meta分析，使用NoteExpress 3.2.0进行文献管理，从文献发表年份、临床研究设计类型、AMSTAR 2、PRISMA、异质性、发表偏倚风险等方面进行雷达图多元评价；GRADE系统进行证据质量评级。结果 最终纳入6篇SR/Meta分析，雷达图多元评价质量秩平均得分为4.31，主要问题为未进行项目注册、未提供排除文献清单，未分析纳入研究的偏倚风险，未报告纳入研究的资金来源、未对纳入文献的敏感性或者其他方面进行分析等。GRADE证据质量评分均为低证据与极低证据等级，主要原因包括纳入原始研究质量不高、结局指标存在较大异质性、纳入文献数量不足等。结论 受纳入原始研究和SR/Meta分析的质量限制，现有针灸疗法治疗慢性湿疹的结论尚需开展更多高质量的研究予以验证，也为临床医生提供更高级别证据。     

散结镇痛胶囊单用或联合西医治疗子宫内膜异位症、子宫腺肌病的系统评价再评价＊

目的 对散结镇痛胶囊或联合西药治疗子宫内膜异位症（EMS）或子宫腺肌病（AM）的系统评价进行再评价，以期为散结镇痛胶囊治疗EMS、AM的临床应用和研究提供参考。方法 计算机从万方（Wanfang）、维普（VIP）、中国知网（CNKI）、中国生物医学文献系统（WBM），英文数据库从PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Embase 7个数据库进行文献的检索，搜索所有公开发表的有关散结镇痛胶囊治疗EMS或AM的系统评价、Meta分析。由2名研究员进行独立筛选与资料提取后，采取PRISMA声明、AMSTAR 2量表和GRADE系统分别对纳入文献进行质量评价。结果 共筛选出5篇散结镇痛胶囊单独使用或联合西医治疗EMS、AM系统评价/Meta分析，AMSTAR2量表方法学评价结果整体偏低，均为极低质量，GRADE对结局指标证据评价：仅1个结局指标评为中级，12个结局指标评为低级，19个结局指标评为极低级。结论 散结镇痛胶囊单独使用或联合西医治疗可有效缓解患者痛经及相关伴随症状，降低CA125水平，提高疾病总有效率，提高部分患者妊娠率，降低疾病复发率，且不良反应发生率低，但由于纳入研究的方法学质量及结局指标证据等级偏低，未来仍需更多高质量的研究进一步验证。在今后的相关临床研究及系统评价的开展中应更加重视方法学质量和报告规范，加强研究的科学性。     

针灸治疗阿尔茨海默症的系统评价再评价＊

目的 对针灸治疗阿尔茨海默症（AD）的系统评价进行再评价。方法 检索知网、维普、万方、CBM、Embase、PubMed和Cochrane Library数据库，收集有关针灸治疗AD的系统评价。采用AMSTAR2量表对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价，运用GRADE系统对证据质量进行分级。结果 共纳入10篇系统评价。AMSTAR2评价结果显示：方法学质量均为极低级。GRADE证据结果显示：47个结局指标，1个为中级质量，3个为低级质量，其余均为极低级质量；降级的主要原因是局限性、不精确。当前证据显示：单纯针灸治疗AD的疗效存在差异；针药联合有一定疗效，但需进一步验证。结论 针灸治疗AD的系统评价方法学质量和证据质量较低，应提高相关研究的规范性，为临床提供更高质量的证据。     

中成药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的系统评价再评价

目的 对中成药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的系统评价/Meta分析进行再评价,以期为中成药的临床实践和决策提供证据支持。方法 运用计算机检索中国知网、中国生物医学数据库、万方、维普、Embase、PubMed、Cochrane Library数据库,检索时限均为建库至2023年6月20日,收集中成药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的系统评价/Meta分析。通过建立文献重叠矩阵,计算校正后重叠面积（corrected covered area,CAA）评价原始文献重复率;采用系统评价的偏倚风险工具（risk of bias in systematic reviews,ROBIS）对纳入文献的偏倚风险评估进行评价;运用,AMSTAR-2评价工具对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价,运用PRISMA 2020声明对中成药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症系统评价/Meta分析的文献报告质量进行综合评估。另外,运用GRADE对所有纳入文献的结局指标进行质量分级。结果 共纳入6种中成药及其10篇系统评价/Meta分析,AMSTAR-2方法学质量评价结果显示纳入研究均为极低质量。PRISMA 2020报告质量评价结果显示纳入研究得分为18～30,其中8篇为中等质量,2篇为低质量。GRADE分析结果显示2项证据级别为中级,23项为低级,16项为极低级。ROBIS工具分析显示3项研究为低偏倚风险,7项研究为高偏倚风险。CCA为0.453,表示原始文献重复率较低。结论 目前中成药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症在改善骨密度、疼痛程度等方面的有效性与安全性良好,但这一发现受到文献方法学使用和质量报告等级较低的限制,建议未来研究严格按照相关规范进行系统评价,以获得更高质量的临床证据。     

中药治疗特发性肺纤维化系统评价/Meta分析的再评价＊

目的 对中药治疗特发性肺纤维化系统评价/Meta分析进行再评价研究，以期为临床医师及研究者提供更科学的决策支持。方法 检索中药治疗特发性肺纤维化系统评价/Meta分析的文献，筛选文献后提取资料，采用AMSTAR2（A Measurement Tool To Assess Systematic Reviews 2）量表和GRADE（Grade of Recommendation，Assessment，Development，and Evaluation）系统工具进行评估。结果 共纳入14篇文献，106次结局指标；AMSTAR2量表结果示3篇属于低质量，11篇属于极低质量；GRADE分级显示，10次结局指标证据质量等级中等，83次等级低，13次等级极低。结论 中药治疗特发性肺纤维化系统评价/Meta分析的方法学质量为低、极低，结局指标的证据质量等级多为低，高质量、证据强度高级别的系统评价亟需开展，从而作为高级别证据来指导临床。     

针刺治疗单纯性肥胖系统评价的再评价＊

目的 对针刺治疗单纯性肥胖的系统评价进行再评价研究，为针刺临床循证决策提供参考。方法 计算机检索主要的中英文电子文献数据库（PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、CBM、CNKI等），收集自建库至2019年2月28日关于针刺干预单纯性肥胖的系统评价。本研究采用AMASTAR 2工具评价纳入系统评价的方法学质量，使用GRADE系统对纳入系统评价的结局指标进行证据质量分级。借助Stata 14.0软件进行统计分析。结果 共纳入11篇系统评价。AMSTAR 2评价结果显示，9篇为极低质量，2篇为低质量。存在问题最多的条目分别为实施前未确定研究方法、未提供排除文献清单及未考虑单个研究的偏倚风险。GRADE证据分级提示，34个结局指标为低或极低质量，5个结局指标为中等质量，无高级别证据。导致降级最主要的因素为局限性，其次为发表偏倚、不一致性。结论 当前针刺治疗单纯性肥胖患者的系统评价方法学质量不高，结局指标的可靠程度相对较低。因此，今后仍需开展高质量的随机对照试验来证实针刺治疗单纯性肥胖的疗效和安全性，并应规范针刺相关临床研究的方法学质量和报告质量，以期提高证据质量水平。     

中药治疗室性早搏系统评价再评价＊

目的 评价中药治疗室性早搏系统评价或Meta分析的方法学质量和结局指标的证据质量，以期为中药治疗室性早搏提供一定证据支持。方法 计算机检索知网、万方、维普、SinoMed、PubMed、The Cochrane library 和EMbase数据库，搜集已发表的中药治疗室性早搏的系统评价或Meta分析，检索时限从建库至2020年9月29日。有2名研究员应用AMSTAR2量表、GRADE评分分别评价其方法学质量和证据质量。结果 共筛选出13篇中药治疗室性早搏系统评价/Meta分析，AMSTAR2量表方法学评价整体偏低，只有1篇评价为中级，其余2篇评价为低、10篇评价为极低。GRADE对结局指标证据评价：5个结局指标评为中级，16个结局指标评为低级，21个结局指标评为极低级。结论 中药治疗室性早搏具有一定临床疗效，能够明显降低室早频数，改善室早心悸、胸闷等症状，且不良反应发生率低。但中药治疗室性早搏的系统评价/Meta分析存在方法学质量问题，结局指标的证据质量偏低，建议临床研究人员重视方法学的培训和应用，以期有高质量的原始研究和系统评价的产出，从而能够更好的为临床提供循证证据支持。     

中药注射液治疗肺心病的系统评价再评价

[目的] 本研究对中药注射液治疗肺心病的系统评价/Meta 分析进行再评价,以期为临床应用中药注射液提供循证支持。[方法] 计算机检索中国知网（CNKI）、中国生物医学文献数据库（SinoMed）、Embase、The Cochrane Library等 8 个中英文数据库,检索年限为建库至 2023 年 3 月,搜集中药注射液治疗肺心病的系统评价/Meta 分析。分别使用AMSTAR-2、PRISMA 2020、GRADE 系统对纳入研究的方法学质量、报告质量及证据质量进行评价。[结果] 共纳入26 篇系统评价/Meta 分析,涉及 16 种中药注射液,29 个结局指标。AMSTAR-2 评价结果表明,纳入文献的方法学质量整体较低,无中、高质量文献,条目 2（前期方案）、3（研究类型选择原因）、4（文献检索）、8（研究特征描述）、10（资助来源）具有明显缺陷。PRISMA 2020 结果显示 8 个主题条目的报告完整度＜50%,分别为检索策略、方法综合、可信度评价、结果综合、证据可信度、注册与计划书、利益冲突和补充材料。GRADE 评估结果表明纳入研究中无高质量证据体,方法学质量低、结果不一致、存在发表偏倚是证据质量降级的主要因素。[结论] 基于现有证据,提示中药注射液治疗肺心病有效且基本安全,有助于纠正肺心病患者的缺氧状态、改善心室收缩和舒张功能、降低肺动脉压、改善血液流变学指标。但目前已发表系统评价/Meta 分析的方法学质量较低,文献报告存在一定缺陷,且证据质量等级不高,影响结果的可靠性。因此,未来需要更多高质量的临床研究和证据为中药注射液治疗肺心病的有效性和安全性提供循证支持。     

Common traditional Chinese medicine therapies for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: An overview of systematic reviews

ObjectiveTo critically evaluate and summarize the methodological quality of systematic reviews (SRs) and present objective and important outcomes on the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies, including Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), acupuncture, and moxibustion, for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D).MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive literature search for SRs in 7 databases until April 16, 2022. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of the reviews according to the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), the Risk of Bias in Systematic reviews (ROBIS) tool, and the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to rate the quality of evidence.ResultsIBS-D patients included in 12 reviews were diagnosed in accordance with the Rome criteria, 9 reviews focused on CHM, 2 articles observed moxibustion and heat-sensitive moxibustion, 1 article studied acupuncture and CHM. The outcomes of the SRs were the effectiveness rate, the total effectiveness rate, global symptom improvement, and adverse effects. Based on AMSTAR-2, which measures the quality of methodology, all of the included studies were of low or critically low quality. According to the ROBIS tool, 10 SRs (83.33%) had a high risk of bias. With the PRISMA checklist, only 3 SRs reached over 90% compliance. Based on GRADE, most evidence was of low quality, and there was a moderate quality of evidence that the effectiveness rate of modified-Tongxie Yaofang was superior to Western medicine in the treatment of IBS-D.ConclusionGiven the suboptimal reporting and methodological quality of existing SRs, more studies are needed to clarify whether TCM therapies are more effective or safe than pharmacological medicine. Future studies should combine evidence-based medicine with TCM research according to the characteristics of TCM.     

Quality evaluation of systematic reviews of the effects of Baduanjin on diabete

ObjectiveRecently, the effects of Baduanjin (a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise) on diabetes have attracted increasing attention, and relevant systematic reviews (SRs) have emerged. However, the qualities of these SRs vary markedly, and their conclusions are inconsistent, which is not conducive to guiding decision-making. We sought to assess the quality of these SRs and provide more evidence for diabetes treatment.MethodsA literature search was conducted in 7 databases from inception to December 1_st, 2021. SRs of randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of Baduanjin were identified. A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) checklist, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system were applied to evaluate the quality of the SRs.ResultsTen SRs were identified. All SRs were judged as critically low methodological quality by the AMSTAR-2 checklist. The total PRISMA score of the included SRs ranged from 15 to 21, and the mean score was 18.60 (1.90), indicating that all SRs had partial reporting deficits. Sixty outcomes were reported in the included studies, of which 25 (41.67%) were judged as low quality, and 34 (56.67%) as very low quality according to the GRADE system, indicating that the overall evidence quality of outcomes was not high.ConclusionBaduanjin seems to be an effective therapy for diabetes in improving glucose and lipid metabolism, mental health, quality of life, and waist-hip ratio (WHR). The overall quality of the SRs was less than optimal. This conclusion should be treated with caution, and researchers should conduct higher-quality clinical studies following AMSTAR-2checklist, PRISMA statement, and GRADE system in the future.     

中医药治疗轻度认知障碍的系统评价再评价＊

目的 选取中医药治疗轻度认知障碍的Meta分析和系统评价（MA/SR），评价纳入文献的方法学和证据质量，以期为中医药治疗MCI提供临床参考。方法 选取万方数据库（Wanfang）、中国知网（CNKI）、维普（VIP）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBMdisc）、Embase、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science 8个数据库对建库至2021年9月30日关于中医药治疗轻度认知障碍的MAs/SRs进行检索，筛选后，运用AMSTAR 2工具对纳入的MAs/SRs的方法学质量进行评价，同时使用GRADE系统对纳入文献中的证据质量进行评价分级。结果 本文共检索到相关文献160篇，最终纳入19篇。AMSTAR 2的结果显示，在纳入的19篇MAs/SRs中，有2篇文献为中等质量研究，有6篇文献为低质量研究，有11篇文献为极低质量研究。GRADE评级显示，中医药治疗轻度认知障碍的MAs/SRs具有较低的证据质量。通过GRADE进行质量分级后的结果显示，有3个结局指标为中质量，有24个结局指标为低质量，有24个结局指标为极低质量，无高质量结局指标。结论 根据纳入的MAs/SRs结果显示，中医药治疗轻度认知障碍是具有疗效且安全的，但目前相关研究的方法学质量和证据质量级别都比较低，主要原因在原始文献的质量有待提升。     

Overview of the systematic reviews of premature ovarian insufficiency treated with acupuncture 针灸治疗早发性卵巢功能不全系统评价的再评价

ObjectiveTo assess the reliability of the methodological quality and outcome measures of systematic reviews (SR)/meta-analysis of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) treated with acupuncture.MethodsSR/meta-analysis of POI treated with acupuncture were searched on POI from the databases including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBase, the Cochran Library, Chinese biomedical literature database (SinoMed), China journal full-text database (CNKI), Wanfang data knowledge service platform (Wanfang) and VIP information Chinese periodical service platform (VIP), from inception to 1st May 2021. Using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) scale and Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system, the methodological quality and outcome measures of the included studies were appraised.ResultsTen articles of SR/meta-analysis were included, published from 2015 to 2020. Using AMSTAR 2, 5 articles of SR/meta-analysis were rated as critical low quality in methods, 3 articles as low quality, and 2 articles as moderate quality. The results of GRADE showed that among the 50 outcomes the quality of evidence of 22 outcomes was very low, that of 25 outcomes was low and that of 3 outcomes was moderate.ConclusionThe methodological quality and the reliability of outcome measures were not high in existing SR/meta-analysis on POI treated with acupuncture, which may affect the translation of the SR/meta-analysis findings into clinical practice. It is necessary to further strengthen the methodological quality and reporting standard of SR/meta-analysis, as well as the robustness of design and implementation of randomized controlled trials(RCTs), in order to generate high quality evidences for clinical decision-making and practice.     

麝香保心丸治疗冠心病心绞痛的系统评价再评价

目的 通过再评价纳入随机对照试验的麝香保心丸治疗冠心病心绞痛的系统评价,对证据进行再评价研究.方法 计算机检索建库至2019年12月31日Cochrane Library、EMbase、PubMed、CNKI、CBM、VIP和WanFang医学数据库,筛选符合标准的麝香保心丸治疗冠心病心绞痛的系统评价.2位作者对纳入的...     

Reporting and methodological quality of meta-analyses of acupuncture for patients with migraine: A methodological investigation with evidence map

BackgroundAcupuncture has been widely used to relieve migraine-related symptoms. However, the findings of previous systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) are still not completely consistent. Their quality is also unknown, so a comprehensive study is needed.ObjectiveTo evaluate the reporting and methodological quality of these MAs concerning acupuncture for migraine, and summarize evidence about the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for migraine.Search strategyPubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Databases, Wanfang Data, and VIP databases were searched from inception to September 2020, with a comprehensive search strategy.Inclusion criteriaThe pairwise MAs of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning migraine treated by acupuncture or acupuncture-based therapies, with a control group that received sham acupuncture, medication, no treatment, or acupuncture at different acupoints were included.Data extraction and analysisTwo independent investigators screened studies, extracted relevant data, and assessed reporting and methodological quality using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 and A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2), then all results were cross-checked. Spearman correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between reporting and methodological quality scores.ResultsA total of 20 MAs were included in this study. The included MAs indicated that acupuncture was efficacious and safe in preventing and treating migraine when compared with control intervention. There was a high correlation between reporting and methodological quality scores (r_s = 0.87, P < 0.001). The quality of the included SRs needs to be improved mainly with regard to protocol and prospective registration, using a comprehensive search strategy, summarizing the strength of evidence body for key outcomes, a full list of excluded studies with reasons for exclusion, reporting of RCTs’ funding sources, and assessing the potential impact of risk of bias in RCTs on MA results.ConclusionAcupuncture is an effective and safe intervention for preventing and treating migraine, and could be considered as a good option for patients with migraine. However, the reporting and methodological quality of MAs included in this overview is suboptimal. In the future, AMSTAR 2 and PRISMA tools should be followed when making and reporting an SR with MA.