Assessment of Dental Prosthetic Status and Needs Among Prisoners of Haryana, India

This cross-sectional study was planned to evaluate the prosthetic status and treatment needs using WHO (1997) format among prisoners of Haryana state, India. 1,393 subjects with age range of 35.26 ± 12.29 years were examined. Of the study subjects, 11 (0.8 %) were completely while 606 (43.5 %) were partially edentulous. Of these 617 subjects, 305 (49.4 %) were edentulous only in posterior region. Dental caries accounted for loss of teeth in 325 (52.7 %) subjects. 44 (7.1 %) subjects were wearing some prosthesis. Regarding dental arch wise prosthetic need, 335 (54.3 %) subjects needed prosthesis in maxillary arch while 482 (78.1 %) needed prosthesis in mandibular arch. With advancing age there was an increase in the number of complete dental prosthesis required. There was no statistically significant difference between length of imprisonment and prosthetic need, except for need of a combination of prosthesis. Only one-fourth of the prisons had a dentist. The prisoners were taken to a hospital outside the prison in case of health needs. Prosthetic needs of prisoners were high. The lack of dental infrastructure in prisons makes the provision for multi-visit conservative dental treatments very difficult leading to higher tooth mortality. People who migrate back and forth across the prisons and communities represent a public health opportunity that should be addressed.     

Prosthetic Status and Prosthetic Need Among the Patients Attending Various Dental Institutes of Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar District, Gujarat

The oral health being an integral part for the healthy living, necessity of disability limitation and rehabilitation in oral health has taken a paramount role. To assess the prosthetic status and to evaluate the prosthetic needs of the patients attending various institutes of Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar district. A total of 510 (264 males and 246 females) subjects at various dental institutes were examined in the study. A survey proforma was prepared with the help of WHO oral health assessment form (1997). Prosthetic status and prosthetic treatment need was recorded. Out of 510, any type of Edentulousness was 322 (63 %). Among them, 254 (49.8 %) were partially edentulous while 68 (13.3 %) were completely edentulous. Only 69 (13 %) were having any prosthesis in upper arch while only 80 (16 %) were having any prosthesis in lower arch. Need for any type of prosthesis in upper and lower arch was 55 and 60 % in males and females, respectively. In lower social class group need of prosthesis in upper and lower arch was 62 and 63 %, respectively. It was found that prosthetic status and prosthetic treatment need increased with increase in age. Steps should be taken to overcome this disparity and more emphasis should be given to meet the felt need of the people through government and non government organizations to improve the oral health. The unmet prosthetic treatment need should be met to rehabilitate needy people so that their disability may be limited.     

Dental Needs of Elderly Hostel Residents in Inner Melbourne

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the oral health status and treatment needs of elderly hostel residents in Melbourne. METHOD: One hundred and seventy-five subjects aged 65+ were selected from 20 hostels within a 10 km radius of Melbourne's central business district. RESULTS: Subjects were clinically examined and interviewed using a standard questionnaire. In the course of the clinical examination, coronal caries, root caries, periodontal disease, denture status and related treatment needs were assessed. The mean age of the subjects was 83.7, the majority of whom were female (80 per cent). About 35 per cent of the sample were dentate. The mean number of teeth present among dentate persons was 13.8, the mean coronal caries experience was 24.9 DMFT and mean root caries was 2.3 R-DF. Of the dentate subjects, 46 per cent required at least one restoration for coronal caries and 30 per cent required at least one restoration for root caries. Most dentate subjects had calculus and none had deep pockets, therefore, indications for periodontal treatment did not include complex care. More than 50 per cent of lower full dentures were retained unsatisfactorily and about half of the total number of subjects required prosthetic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Although there was a high number of treatment needs, most requirements involved simple technologies that could be delivered by auxiliaries.     

Association of dental caries with socio-demographic and nutritional factors among school children in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh,India

ObjectiveThe main objective of the study was to determine the association of dental caries with socio-demographic factors like age, gender and socioeconomic status (SES); second is to explore the relationship between dental caries and nutritional status in school going children of Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, SES of 1022 children aged between 5 and 11 years were assessed according to modified kuppuswamy SES scale. The body mass index (BMI) values were calculated and then the children were grouped into 3 categories (underweight, normal, overweight + obese) based on revised World Health Organization (WHO) growth charts. Caries index (deft+/DMFT) of each child was recorded using American Dental Association (ADA) Type 3 examination. Data was analysed and the tests employed were Chi-Square (X2); Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of dental caries was 57.14% and underweight was 40.3% among Guntur district school children. A significant association between dental caries and SES was noticed (OR = 1.74). However, no significant association of dental caries experience with other factors like age, gender and BMI was observed.ConclusionNutritional status of children may not show association with dental caries, but SES influences the caries prevalence in children.     

广东省中老年人的牙科治疗需要和需求

目的 描述广东省中老年人的牙科治疗需要并与自我评估的牙科治疗需求相比较。方法 通过多阶段整群抽样方法从城乡抽取３５－４４岁组１５７３人和６５－７４岁组１５１５人进行问卷调查,并按世界卫生组织（１９９７）标准进行临床检查。结果几乎中老年人牙科治疗需要,大部分为简单治疗,６３％中老年人和５１％老年人有治疗需求,需求项目少,结论 广东省中老年人牙科治疗需要高而需求低,治疗需要与需求符合率低,治疗需要多为     

Prosthetic Status and Treatment Needs of Prisoners in Central Prison, Chennai

Prisoners who are entangled in legal matters and imprisonment are isolated from family members and other social activities and rarely give attention to their general health and oral health. The present study aims to assess the prosthetic status and treatment needs of prisoners in Central Prison, Chennai. A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted in Central Prison, Chennai. The study population consisted of 1,060 prisoners from three divisions of the Central Prison. A single examiner assessed the prosthetic status of the prisoners according to WHO specifications. The present study shows that among males, 2.3 % of the subjects had bridge, 1.2 % had partial denture in the upper jaw, 0.8 % had bridge and 0.4 % had partial denture in the lower jaw. Among females, 8.6 % had partial denture in the upper jaw and 5.7 % had partial denture in the lower jaw. This study shows that edentulousness was a common problem among the prisoners. The prosthetic needs of this group of people should be delivered with the services of a prosthodontist in the prison settings. Oral health care facilities should be incorporated in prison settings which would intercept the progress of dental diseases and thus minimize tooth loss.     

无锡市中学生龋病的发生、未治率和牙科畏惧症的调查分析

目的　初步掌握龋病的发生、未治率和牙科畏惧症三者间的关系。方法　采用整群抽样的方法从无锡市 5 5所中学中抽出 7所 ,每校各年级中再抽出一个班的学生进行调查 ,内容包括龋病的检查 ,牙科就诊和畏惧情况的询问。结果　 1998名学生 (男 10 4 8,女 95 0 )中 ,龋病发病率为 30 90 % ,男性 (31 5 8% )稍高于女性 (30 2 0 % ) ,但差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;一年牙科未就诊率 6 2 2 1% ,女性 (6 4 11% )稍高于男性 (6 0 5 0 % ) ,但差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;牙科畏惧症发生率为 2 9 0 3% ,女性(38 4 2 % )高于男性 (2 0 5 1% ) ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。结论　牙科畏惧症对龋病的早期就诊率可能有一定影响     

Residency Training in Dental Public Health: Assessment of Status, Needs, and Issues

The opportunities for public health training have declined over the years while the need for public health skills is likely to increase. This paper reports the results of a project, sponsored by the Health Resources and Services Administration, which answers the question of "how best to invest in the dental public health education system so as to fulfill the profession's responsibilities to protect and improve the oral health of individuals and society.' An information base on dental public health education, practice, and specialization was developed from an extensive review of the literature and a survey of dentists concerning employment and practice requirements for public health dentists. An advisory group considered this information, met to discuss the issues involved in dental public health training, and provided advice to the project staff. Based on the information gathered as part of the project, recommendations were made to: (1) develop a grant program to support advanced education in dental public health; (2) increase the competencies of dentists who are working in public health positions and not eligible for board certification via off-site residencies; (3) develop model programs in areas of great need, such as general public health, management, policy, prevention, environmental health and research, that in conjunction with a basic public health core, could satisfy the eligibility requirements of the American Board of Dental Public Health; (4) develop student loan forgiveness programs for dentists and dental hygienists working in public health; and (5) develop additional credential recognition programs for dental public health workers.     

Dental caries experience, tooth loss, and factors associated with unmet needs of Haitian immigrants in New York City

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to characterize the dental caries experience, tooth loss, and unmet need of a group of Haitian immigrant residents of New York City. METHODS: A purposive sample of 523 adults was obtained through community outreach activities during 1997-98. Clinical examinations were performed by calibrated examiners, according to NIDCR criteria. A comprehensive survey also was administered to all the participants. RESULTS: For the whole group, the mean number of missing teeth was 2.64 (SD = 4.12), the mean DMFT = 6.05 (SD = 5.26), the mean DMFS = 18.80 (SD = 21.04), and the mean DFS = 5.58 (SD = 6.17). Seventeen percent of the subjects had all their teeth sound, 59 percent had at least one tooth missing, 60 percent had at least one decayed tooth, and only 38 percent had restorations. Multivariate analyses showed that age, sex, education, dental insurance, frequency of dental visits, and dental floss use were predictors of unmet need. CONCLUSIONS: Although results showed a relatively low caries experience among this group of Haitian immigrants, the unmet need was very high. Furthermore, the tooth loss experience was relatively high for all age groups, further denoting a lack of access to preventive and restorative services.     

A survey on oral health status and treatment needs of life-imprisoned inmates in central jails of Karnataka, India

Background: The prison population is a unique and challenging one with many health problems, including poor oral health. In a developing country like India, oral health problems of the prisoners had received scant attention. Objectives: To assess the oral health status and treatment needs of life imprisoned inmates and to know the existing oral health care facilities available in central jails of Karnataka. Materials and methodology design: Cross sectional survey Participants: A systematically selected sample of 800 life imprisoned inmates, were interviewed and examined using modified WHO oral health assessment proforma (1997). Results: The prevalence of caries was 97.5% mean Decayed Missing Filled Teeth(DMFT) was 5.26; Majority of the study population had Community Periodontal Index(CPI) score of 2, whereas 21.6% had at least one sextant with a CPI score of 4. 41.1% prisoners were severely affected with loss of attachment. 8.8% inmates had dentures. Oral sub mucous fibrosis was observed among 9.9% of prisoners. 97.4% of the subjects needed oral hygiene instruction, 87.6% needed restoration, 62.1% extraction of teeth and 32.2% needed prosthesis. Bangalore and Mysore central jail had oral health care facilities on regular basis. Conclusion: This study emphasises the need for special attention from government and voluntary organisations to improve the oral health of inmates.