红芽大戟化学成分研究

目的研究茜草科植物红芽大戟(Knoxia corymbosa Willd．)的化学成分。方法利用硅胶、聚酰胺等色谱技术分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据进行鉴定。结果从红芽大戟的正丁醇萃取部分分离得到4个黄酮醇苷成分,分别鉴定为:槲皮素-7-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖-3-O-β-D-6″-乙酰基吡喃葡糖苷(quercetin-7- O-α-L-arabinosyl-3-O-β-D-6″-acetylglucopyranoside,1);山奈酚-7-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(kaempferol-7-O-α-L-arabinosyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,2);槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3); 槲皮素-3-O-β-D-6″-乙酰基吡喃葡糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-6″-acetylglucopyranoside,4)。结论化合物1为新化合物,其余均为首次从该种植物分到。     

紫花八宝化学成分的研究

从景天科紫花八宝[Hylotelepium mingjinianum (S.H.Fu)H.oh的]干燥全草中分得12个化合物,经光谱(UV,IR,MS和NMR)解析和化学分析鉴定其结构。其中两个为新黄酮甙,分别是3,5,7,8,4'-五羟基黄酮-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸甙(3,5,7,8,4’-pentahydroxyflavone-7-O-β-D-giucuronide,xT)和3,5,7,8,4'-五羟基黄酮-8-O-α-D-2"-O-(2-甲基丁酰)葡萄糖醛酸甙[3,5,7,8,4’-petalhydroxyfl-avone-8-O-α-D-2"-O-(2-methylbutanoyl)glucuronide,xII]。XI和XII分别命名为紫花八宝甙甲(mingji-nianuronideA)和紫花八宝甙乙(mingiinianutonideB)。十个已知物(1～X)为正三十三烷、木栓酮、β-谷甾醇、胡萝卜甙、原儿茶酸、没食子酸、槲皮素、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖甙、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙和山奈素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖甙。     

银杏叶中的黄酮醇苷类成分

目的　对银杏（Ginkgo biloba L.）叶的化学成分进行分离、鉴定。方法　采用各种色谱技术进行分离,用IR,UV,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR和2DNMR光谱技术确定化合物的结构。结果　分得8个黄酮醇苷类成分：槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡糖苷（1）,山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡糖苷（2）,芦丁（3）,山奈酚-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷（4）,异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷（5）,槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基(1-2)-α-L-鼠李糖苷（6）,山奈酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基(1-2)-α-L-鼠李糖苷（7）,异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基(1-2)-α-L-鼠李糖苷（8）。结论　化合物8为新化合物。     

山苦瓜中三萜及甾体成分的研究

从葫芦科植物山苦瓜(Momordica dioica)干燥块根中分离鉴定出5个三萜及甾体化合物:α-菠甾醇硬脂酸酯(I),α-菠甾醇 3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(II),3β-羟基-23-氧-齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甙(II),3β-羟基-23-氧-齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(IV)和3β,23-二羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(V)。其中,成分II为一新化合物。     

朝鲜淫羊藿的化学成分

从朝鲜淫羊藿(Epimedium koreanum Na kai)的地上部分分离出3个新化合物,应用化学和波谱分析方法,其结构分别确定为3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-(4-乙酰基)吡喃鼠李糖-脱水淫羊藿素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1),2-(对-羟基苯氧)-5,7-二羟基-6-异戊烯基色酮(2),7-羟基-3,4,6-三甲氧基-9,10-二氢菲-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)。化合物1和3分别命名为朝藿苷丙(korepimedoside C)和淫羊藿苷A₇(icarisideA₇)。     

卷丹中新甾体皂苷的分离和鉴定

目的研究卷丹(Lilium lancifolium Thunb.)鳞叶的化学成分。方法用各种色谱技术进行分离和纯化,用MALDI-TOF-MS,HR-SI-MS,IR,¹HNMR,₁₃CNMR,DEPT,¹H-¹H COSY,HMQC和HMBC等光谱和波谱技术鉴定其结构。结果从卷丹鳞叶中分得2个甾体皂苷,鉴定化合物1为薯蓣皂苷元3-O-{O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-O-［β-D-木糖基(1→3)］-β-D-葡萄糖苷,化合物2为薯蓣皂苷元3-O-{O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-O-［α-L-阿拉伯糖基(1→3)］-β-D-葡萄糖苷。结论化合物2为新化合物,命名为卷丹皂苷A。     

太白楤木根皮的齐墩果酸皂甙

从太白楤木(Aralia taibaiensis Z.Z.Wang et H.C.Zheng)根皮中首次分离到5个齐墩果酸皂甙,根据理化性质和光谱数据,分别鉴定为木皂甙A(1),3-O-[α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸丁酯]-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(2),3-O-[α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸乙酯]-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(3),屏边三七甙R₂(4)和3-O-｛β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)[α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖(1→4)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸乙酯｝-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(5)。2,3和5为新化合物,分别命名为太白楤木皂甙I(taibaienoside I)、太白楤木皂甙II(taibaienoside II)和太白楤木皂甙III(taibaienoside III)。     

百合化学成分的分离和结构鉴定

从百合(Lilium browni F.E.Brown var.viridulum Baker)的干燥肉质鳞片中分离得到5个化合物,根据光谱(IR,FAB-MS,¹HNMR,¹³HNMR,DEPT,HMQC,HMBC)解析和理化性质,分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(I)、胡萝卜苷(I)、正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(II)、26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖3β,26-二羟基-5-胆甾烯-16,22-二氧3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(IV)、26-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖3β,26-二羟基胆甾烷-16,22-二氧-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(V)。其中IV和V为新化合物,I、I和II为首次从该植物中分得。     

用核磁共振新技术测定川续断皂甙F和H1两个新皂甙的结构及光谱规律研究

从川续断(Dipsacus asperoides c．Y．cheng et T．M．Ai)根部的乙醇提取物中得到二个新三萜皂甙，命名为川续断皂甙(asperosaponins)F和H₁。川续断皂甙F(I)是含六个糖的皂甙，川续断皂甙H₁(II)是含八个糖的皂甙。运用化学方法及光谱(¹HNMR，¹³CNMR，¹H-¹H COSY，——维多重接力COSY，选择性远程DEPT和三重共振NOE差谱)解析，鉴定其结构分别为3-O-[β-D-吡喃木糖(1→4)-β-D-吡哺葡萄糖(1→4)][α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃半乳糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂甙元(I)和3-0-[β-D-吡喃木糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→4)][α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃半乳糖(1→3)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L一吡喃阿拉伯糖-常春藤皂甙元-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙(II)。并总结出一些光谱方面的变化规律，可用于糖的鉴定，以及构型、糖链的连接顺序和糖与甙元之间的连接位置的说明。     

穿龙薯蓣总皂苷中甾体皂苷的分离与鉴定

目的研究穿龙薯蓣总皂苷中水溶性甾体皂苷,寻找新的生物活性化合物。方法用硅胶柱色谱、薄层色谱及高效液相色谱等进行分离,通过酸水解、理化常数和波谱学分析(IR,NMR,MS,HMQC,HMBC)鉴定化合物结构。结果从穿龙薯蓣总皂苷中分得2个甾体皂苷(1个水难溶性皂苷和1个水溶性皂苷),其化学结构分别鉴定为薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-{α-L-鼠李糖(1→2)-［β-D-葡萄糖(1→3)］}-β-D-葡糖皂苷(I),薯蓣皂苷元-3-O-［α-L-鼠李糖(1→3)-α-L-鼠李糖(1→4)-α-L-鼠李糖(1→4)］-β-D-葡糖皂苷(II)。结论II为首次从穿龙薯蓣中分离得到的新化合物,命名为穿龙薯蓣皂苷Dc。     

Antioxidative flavonoids from the leaves ofMorus alba

Nine flavonoids (1-9) were isolated from the leaves of Morus alba (Moraceae). The structures of compounds were determined to be kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (astragalin, 1) kaempferol-3-O-(6"-O-acetyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), quercetin-3-O-(6"-O-acetyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), kaempferol-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (rutin, 6), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), quercetin-3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8) and quercetin (9) on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical studies. Compounds 7 and 9 exhibited significant radical scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical.     

甘草叶中酚酸和黄酮甙类成分的分离鉴定

自甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fiseh)的干燥叶中分离到7个甙类成分,经化学方法和光谱分析确定结构为原儿茶酸-1-O-β-D-呋喃木糖酯甙(1-O-protocatechuyl-β-D-xylopyranose,Ⅰ)、洋芹素-6,8-C-二葡萄糖甙(vicenin-2,Ⅱ)、异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖甙(narcissin,Ⅲ)、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖甙(nicotiflorin,Ⅳ)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(astragalin,Ⅴ)、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖甙(rutin,Ⅵ)和槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(isoquercitrin,Ⅶ)。其中,Ⅰ是新化合物,命名为乌拉尔新甙(uralenneoside);Ⅲ在本属植物中为首次报道;Ⅲ～Ⅶ在乌拉尔甘草中首次分得。Ⅱ～Ⅶ都是已知活性成分。     

火绒草黄酮类成分的分离与鉴定(Ⅱ)

目的对火绒草的化学成分进行研究,为进一步开发利用该植物资源提供依据。方法采用反复正相硅胶、反相ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱以及高效液相色谱法等手段进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从火绒草体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液提取物中又分离鉴定了7个黄酮类化合物,分别为芹菜素(apigenin,1)、山柰酚-3-O-(6″-O-乙酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷[kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside,2]、山柰酚-3-O-(6″-O-反式对香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷[kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside,3]、山柰酚-3-O-(6″-O-顺式对香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷[kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-cis-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside,4]、槲皮素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,5)、槲皮素-3-甲氧基-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3-me-thoxy-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,6)、槲皮万寿菊素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetagetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,7)。结论化合物1为首次从火绒草植物中分离得到,化合物2～7为首次从火绒草属植物中分离得到。     

南葶苈子化学成分的分离与结构鉴定南葶苈子化学成分的分离与结构鉴定

目的研究南葶苈子的化学成分。方法用硅胶、聚酰胺-6、反相硅胶C₁₈和Sephadex LH 20柱色谱进行分离纯化。用MS,¹HNMR,13CNMR,HSQC,HMBC,TOCSY等波谱学方法,结合化学定性和薄层酸水解确定化合物结构。结果从南葶苈子中分离得到15个化合物,鉴定了12个化合物的结构,分别为:槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-7-O-β-龙胆双糖苷(I);山萘酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-7-O-β-龙胆双糖苷(II);异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-7-O-β-龙胆双糖苷(III);槲皮素-7-O-β-龙胆双糖苷(IV);山萘酚-7-O-β-龙胆双糖苷(V);异鼠李素-7-O-β-龙胆双糖苷(VI);槲皮素-3,7-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(VII);山萘酚-3,7-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(VIII);异鼠李素-3,7-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(IX);山萘酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖基-7-O-β-D-［2-芥子酰基-β-D-吡喃葡糖基(1→6)］-吡喃葡糖苷(X);芥子酸乙酯(XI);4-甲氧基芥子酸(XII)。结论X和VI是新化合物,IV,V,VII,VIII,IX均为首次自十字花科植物中分离得到,I,II,III均为首次自播娘蒿属中分离得到,XI和XII为首次自该植物中分离得到。     

Chemical Constituents of Rubus ulmifolius Schott

Abstract

Summary

From the leaves of Rubus ulmifolius Schott, quercetin, kaempferol, trifolin (kaempferol-3-0-galactoside), hyperin (quercetin-3-0-galactoside), chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, a kaempferol-3-0-caffeoyl-ester, and a glucose-caffeoyl ester were isolated and identified. Free fatty acids were characterised by gas chromatography of their methyl esters.     

Phytochemical investigations of Licania genus. Flavonoids from Licania pyrifolia

Dried leaves of Licania pyrifolia Grisebach (Chrysobalanaceae) yielded fourteen flavonoids: kaempferol, kaempferol-3-rhamnoside, kaempferol-3-(2″-xylosyl)rhamnoside, kaempferol-3-arabinoside, quercetin, quercetin-3-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-(2″-xylosyl)rhamnoside, quercitin-3-arabinoside, myricetin, myricetin-3-rhamnoside, myricetin-3-(2″-xylosyl)rhamnoside, hypolaetin, 8-hydroxy-naringenin, and the new derivative 8-hydroxy-eriodictyol. Their isolation, identification and chemosystematic value in the Chrysobalanaceae family are reported here.     

New flavonol glycosides from leaves of Symplocarpus renifolius.

A study was carried out to evaluate flavonol glycosides in leaves of Symplocarpus renifolius (Araceae). From the water fraction of the MeOH extract, three new flavonol glycosides were isolated along with three known compounds, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-b eta-D-glucopyranoside,quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D -glucopyranoside, and caffeic acid. The structures of the new flavonol glycosides were elucidated by chemical and spectral analyses as quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-be ta-D-glucopyranoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyra nos yl-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-(6 '-trans-caffeoyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside.     

Novel flavonoids with antioxidant activity from a Chenopodiaceous plant

OBJECTIVE: Atriplex lentiformis (Torr.) S.Wats (Chenopodiaceae) is a wild plant which is in use by Bedouin in treatment of general fatigue, therefore, there is a need to explore the potential antioxidant activity of the extracts and isolated compounds of this plant. METHODS: Column chromatography and spectroscopic analysis were used for isolation and identification of the compounds. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro using the ABTS(?+) (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethyl-bezthiazoine-6-sulphuric acid) radical scavenging model. Liver and kidney functions were investigated after oral administration of total alcohol, successive extracts, and isolated compounds. Results: Two new flavonoids, quercetin-6,4'-dimethoxy-3-fructo-rhamnoside 1 and quercetin-4'-methoxy-3-fructo-rhamnoside 2 in addition to five known compounds (kaempferol-4'-methoxy-3-rutinoside 3, kaempferol-7-O-rhamnoside 4, kaempferol-3,7-O,O-dirhamnoside 5, quercetin 6, and kaempferol 7) were isolated. Oral administration of total ethanol, diethyl ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts showed no signs of toxicity up to (5?g/kg. b.wt.). All extracts and isolated compounds showed varied antioxidant activity ranged from 129 to 952 μmol Trolox equivalent/gram dry weight with maximum level for the two new isolated flavonoids (985 and 895 μmol Trolox equivalent/gram dry weight). Animals received both total ethanol and n-butanol extracts showed a significant increase in ALT, AST, blood urea, and serum creatinine levels.     

油茶叶的化学成分

目的研究油茶叶中的化学成分。方法运用多种色谱法进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和波谱数据分析以及和对照品对照进行结构鉴定。结果从油茶叶分离并鉴定了10个化合物,分别鉴定为:羽扇豆烷醇(1)、1-(3′,5′-二甲氧基)苯基-2-(4″-羟基)苯基乙烷(2)、齐墩果酸(3)、胡萝卜苷(4)、山柰酚(5)、山柰酚-3-O-(2″,6″-二-O-反式-对-羟基桂皮酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、槲皮素(7)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(8)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(9)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(10)。结论化合物1-6、8、9均为首次从油茶叶中分离得到,其中化合物2为首次从山茶属中分离得到。