大强度离心运动大鼠不同时相骨骼肌结构及血白细胞介素6、肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶的变化

背景：运动预处理可在一定程度上减轻运动性骨骼肌微损伤,从而避免延迟性肌肉酸痛的发生。目前应用白细胞介素6和CK-MM评定骨骼肌微细损伤还较缺少实验性研究。 目的：观察运动预处理对大鼠大强度离心运动后不同时相骨骼肌结构损伤及血液白细胞介素6、肌酸激酶和CK-MM变化的影响。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验,2006/2007在成都体育学院动物实验室完成。 材料：成年健康雌性SD大鼠80只,体质量(231.3±12.44) g。每组又随机分别分为运动前和运动后即刻、运动后24,48,72 h 5个亚组,每组8只。 方法：无预处理组：除对运动前组外其他大鼠进行一次速度19~21 m/min,坡度为-16°的90 min的跑台运动。运动预处理组：进行2周离心跑台训练,2周后,除运动前组外,其他大鼠进行一次性跑台运动,运动方式同无预处理组。 主要观察指标：一次性离心运动后即刻、24,48和72 h观察比目鱼肌结构及血液白细胞介素6、肌酸激酶、CK-MM的变化。 结果：运动后两组大鼠比目鱼肌均出现损伤性改变,尤以无预处理组更为明显,且以运动后24~48 h较为严重。无预处理组运动后即刻血浆白细胞介素6显著增高,随后逐渐下降,72 h再次显著增高。运动预处理组运动后即刻略降低,随后逐渐升高,于48 h达峰值。运动后运动预处理组血浆白细胞介素6水平低于无预处理组。运动前运动预处理组肌酸激酶和CK-MM均低于无预处理组。运动后无预处理组、运动预处理组两组肌酸激酶和CK-MM先升后降,除运动后72 h 外,运动预处理组CK和CK-MM水平及变化幅度低于无预处理组。 结论：运动预处理有助于减轻离心运动导致的骨骼肌超微结构损伤及运动应激所引起的相关血液指标变化。肌酸激酶和CK-MM活性水平的个体差异较大,更适用于个体自身的纵向比较。     

无氧间歇训练对大鼠骨骼肌、心肌、肝脏自由基代谢的影响

背景：无氧间歇训练法是一种被广泛应用的重要训练方法，有关此训练对机体自由基代谢及其抗氧化酶活性影响的系统性研究较少。 目的：观察无氧间歇训练对大鼠体内自由基代谢的影响。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验，于2008-03/05在徐州师范大学运动生理实验室完成。 材料：健康雄性SD大鼠32只，体质量230~270 g，随机分为安静对照组，间歇训练对照组，间歇运动即刻组，间歇训练即刻组，每组8只。 方法：安静对照组不进行训练，间歇训练对照组和间歇训练即刻组进行跑步运动，以坡度10°，速度26.8 m/min运动1 min，后以坡度为0，速度5 m/min休息3 min，每天连续20次不间断，5 d/周，运动6周。间歇运动即刻组只在第6周最后一天进行一次运动。 主要观察指标：6周运动结束后即刻麻醉下处死各组大鼠，测定其骨骼肌，心肌，肝脏超氧化物歧化化酶，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶，过氧化氢酶，丙二醛。 结果：①训练组运动后即刻各组织超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著高于间歇运动即刻组(P < 0.05)。②间歇运动即刻组股四头肌、心肌谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著低于安静对照组(P < 0.05)，丙二醛含量显著高于安静对照组(P < 0.05)，股四头肌和肝脏过氧化氢酶活性显著高于安静对照组(P < 0.05)。③间歇训练即刻组股四头肌、心肌谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于间歇运动即刻组(P < 0.05)，丙二醛含量明显低于间歇运动即刻组(P < 0.05)，股四头肌和心肌过氧化氢酶活性显著高于间歇运动即刻组(P < 0.05)。 结论：无氧间歇训练可以使机体抗氧化酶活性发生适应性变化，自由基清除能力增强。     

线粒体肌病临床病理学特征及简易乳酸运动试验筛查价值

目的总结线粒体肌病(MM)的临床病理学特点,探讨简易乳酸运动试验在线粒体肌病筛查中的价值。方法分析经临床和病理学明确诊断的15例线粒体肌病患者临床病理学特点。15例线粒体肌病患者、11例其他肌肉疾病(OM)患者和21例正常对照者行简易乳酸运动试验,于运动前、运动后即刻和运动后10 min检测血清乳酸水平。结果线粒体肌病患者主要表现为发作性加重的肌肉酸痛无力,8例组织病理学显示破碎红纤维比例5%。简易乳酸运动试验显示:MM组运动前、运动后即刻和运动后10 min血清乳酸为(3.57±1.88)、(10.98±4.84)和(7.87±4.38)mmol/L,OM组为(1.89±0.98)、(6.05±4.07)和(4.13±3.14)mmol/L,对照组为(1.91±0.53)、(3.37±1.22)和(2.52±0.89)mmol/L。MM组运动前(P=0.000,0.001)、运动后即刻(P=0.000,0.001)和运动后10 min(P=0.000,0.003)血清乳酸水平均高于对照组和OM组,OM组仅运动后即刻血清乳酸水平高于对照组(P=0.042);3组运动后即刻(P=0.000,0.000,0.003)和运动后10 min(P=0.000,0.000,0.013)血清乳酸水平均高于运动前,运动后即刻亦高于运动后10 min(P=0.000,0.000,0.003)。3组血清乳酸水平升高趋势尤以MM组最显著,对照组最低平。结论简易乳酸运动试验简单易行,可以作为基层医院对线粒体肌病的初筛试验。     

复方中药与延迟性肌肉损伤血清学指标的变化：随机对照实验

背景：目前有关复方中药用于运动延迟性肌肉损伤的研究较少，仅有的几项针对单味中药成分对肌肉损伤的治疗效果的研究。 目的：通过复方中药和云南白药、阴性对照组大鼠在大强度训练后血清指标变化的对比分析，来反映复方中药对抗延迟性肌肉损伤的效果。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验，于2005-06/2006-01在广西师范大学体育学院生理实验室完成。 材料：8周龄纯系雄性昆明种大鼠54只，体质量200~220 g。复方中药的主要有效成分由秦归、白术、白芍、白芷和麝香等组成；云南白药为云南白药集团生产。 方法：根据大鼠的体质量随机将大鼠分为复方药物安静、即刻和恢复组，云南白药安静、即刻和恢复组，空白对照安静、即刻和恢复组，共9组，除了正常饮食外，复方药物组和云南白药组大鼠分别灌喂复方中药和云南白药0.78 g/(kg•d)，1次/d，给药4周，对照组灌喂相等量的生理盐水(0.5 mL)，即刻组和恢复组大鼠进行定量负荷游泳运动，1次/d，连续4周；安静组不运动。给药最后1 d，所有大鼠进行延迟性肌肉损伤运动。 主要观察指标：即刻组大鼠在运动后即取血样，恢复组在恢复24 h后，取血样，安静组随时间安排取血样，检测各组大鼠肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、血尿素氮变化。 结果：发现复方中药组大鼠在运动训练至力竭后大鼠血清肌酸激酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性的变化较其他组较大，血尿素氮上升的幅度较低，与对照组相比差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。 结论：复方中药对防治延迟性肌肉损伤具有较为明显的效果。     

递增负荷运动大鼠脑皮质神经元和脑脊液中去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺的动态变化*

背景：运动性疲劳的发生、恢复是否与脑脊液循环存在着某种联系？ 目的：观察递增负荷运动后大鼠大脑皮质和脑脊液中去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺的动态变化及其相关性。 方法：随机将30只雄性SD大鼠分为对照组10只,运动组20只,运动组采用6周递增负荷运动方案训练,游泳时间由第1周的10 min递增为第6周的60 min,负重由体质量的3%增至体质量的5%。对照组正常饲养。 结果与结论：高效液相色谱检测结果显示,递增负荷运动后即刻,大鼠大脑皮质和脑脊液中去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺的水平显著增高;递增负荷运动后24 h,大鼠大脑皮质中去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺水平继续增高(P < 0.01),而脑脊液中去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺降至正常水平。其中,递增负荷运动后即刻,大鼠大脑皮质中的去甲肾上腺素与5-羟色胺水平及呈显著正相关(P < 0.05),大脑皮质和脑脊液中的去甲肾上腺素及5-羟色胺水平高度相关(P < 0.01)。提示递增负荷运动后去甲肾上腺素的兴奋作用和5-羟色胺的抑制作用处于动态平衡中。递增负荷运动后的即刻,脑脊液中去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺的变化能够反映大脑皮质中去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺的变化。     

不同强度力竭运动模型大鼠肝细胞凋亡及相关变化

背景：国内外不少实验证明,不同运动方式容易造成肝损伤,导致不同程度的肝细胞凋亡,其具体机制尚不明确。 目的：建立不同强度力竭运动模型,观察运动后大鼠肝细胞凋亡和肝糖元、NO、钙浓度变化。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验,超微结构观察,于2004-01/2006-12在湖南师范大学体育学院运动人体科学实验室、中南大学组胚实验室完成。 材料：30只8周龄雄性SD大鼠,体质量(219.2±19.5) g,根据Berdford运动模型将大鼠以随机数字表法分为对照组,中等强度、大强度力竭运动组,每组10只。 方法：运动组先进行3 d的适应性跑台训练,速度为10 m/min,坡度为0°。休息3 d后,中等强度力竭运动组初始速度为10 m/min,持续12 min,逐渐增加运动负荷,达到速度为19.3 m/min,持续到力竭。大强度力竭运动组初始速度为26.8 m/min,持续到力竭。共30 d,1次/d。对照组不进行运动训练。 主要观察指标：运动后即刻取肝组织检测肝糖元、NO和Ca2+及肝细胞凋亡情况。 结果：30只大鼠全部进入结果分析。不同强度力竭运动组大鼠都完成了运动,整个运动过程中未出现拒跑现象,中等强度力竭运动组力竭运动时间为(234.60±60.05) min,大强度力竭运动组力竭运动时间为(92.40±34.61) min。与对照组比较,两种强度力竭运动后,大鼠肝组织肝糖元含量、NO浓度均下降,线粒体Ca2+浓度、肝细胞凋亡指数均升高(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),中等强度力竭运动组效果更明显(P < 0.05)。 结论：中、大强度力竭运动均可导致大鼠肝细胞凋亡,肝糖元含量、NO浓度下降,线粒体Ca2+浓度升高,中等强度力竭运动效果更为显著,可能与力竭运动时间长有关。     

高压氧对递增负荷训练大鼠腓肠肌P53、Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响

背景：研究显示高压氧疗法在运动损伤与疲劳恢复方面具有较好的应用效果,但其机制尚不清楚。 目的：观察高压氧对递增负荷跑台运动后大鼠腓肠肌P53、Bcl-2蛋白表达及细胞凋亡的影响。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验,于2008-03/05在苏州大学运动人体科学实验室完成。 材料：2个月龄雄性SD大鼠24只,随机分为3组,安静对照组、递增负荷训练组、高压氧恢复组,每组8只。 方法：递增负荷训练组：坡度10%,递增负荷训练,第1~4周,每天20 m/min运动10 min,25 m/min运动10 min,30 m/min运动10 min,35 m/min运动10 min。第5~8周,每天20 m/min运动10 min,25 m/min运动10 min,30 m/min运动20 min,35 m/min运动20 min。高压氧恢复组：运动方案相同,运动后即刻用0.2 MPa压力的高压氧恢复60 min。安静对照组自由喂养,不进行训练。递增负荷训练组末次运动后1 h、高压氧舱恢复组恢复1 h及相应安静对照组分批麻醉处死,快速取腓肠肌立即用体积分数为0.1甲醛固定,制作切片。 主要观察指标：①苏木精-伊红染色观察各组大鼠骨骼肌细胞凋亡情况。②免疫组织化学检测各组大鼠骨骼肌细胞P53与Bcl-2蛋白表达情况。 结果：24只大鼠进入结果分析。①递增负荷训练组大鼠骨骼肌细胞凋亡数量增多,经高压氧恢复后细胞凋亡数量减少。②递增负荷训练组大鼠骨骼肌细胞P53蛋白表达增多,经高压氧恢复后表达显著减少。③递增负荷训练组大鼠骨骼肌细胞Bcl-2蛋白表达增多,高压氧恢复后未见减少。 结论：高压氧能够抑制递增负荷训练大鼠骨骼肌P53蛋白的表达,减少运动导致的大鼠骨骼肌细胞凋亡的发生。     

酒精性脂肪肝大鼠模型构建及中等强度运动后的变化

背景：有氧运动对于非酒精性脂肪性肝病有一定的预防和治疗作用，尚未见运动对于酒精性脂肪性肝病影响的报道。 目的：观察中等强度运动对大鼠酒精性脂肪性肝病模型各种指标变化的影响，探讨运动对酒精性脂肪性肝病的作用。 设计、时间及地点： 随机对照动物实验，于2007-07/09在成都体育学院动物房完成。 材料：4周龄健康雄性SD大鼠60只，实验分成3组，每组20只。 方法：①空白对照组：注射等量生理盐水，不进行跑台运动训练。②模型对照组：给予乙醇＋高脂饮食灌胃，放进静止的跑台不运动，0坡度，30 min/d。③造模运动组：给予乙醇＋高脂饮食灌胃，进行跑台运动训练，跑速25 m/min，15%坡度，30 min/d。运动持续4周。 主要观察指标：检测各组肝脏组织中超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛含量以及光镜观察组织学变化。 结果：①空白对照组超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于模型对照组和造模运动组(P < 0.01)，且前者超氧化物歧化酶达峰值。造模运动组超氧化物歧化酶活性高于模型对照组 (P < 0.05)。②空白对照组丙二醛含量显著低于模型对照组和造模运动组(P < 0.01)；造模运动组低于模型对照组(P < 0.05)。模型对照组肝细胞变性程度显著重于空白对照组(P < 0.01)，造模运动组肝细胞脂肪变性程度轻于模型对照组(P < 0.05)，但仍然比空白对照组严重(P < 0.01)。 结论：适度的训练可维持机体自由基代谢正常进行，能够对酒精性脂肪性功能恢复产生促进作用，降低对肝脏的损伤。     

白藜芦醇对离心运动后骨骼肌微损伤的修复

背景：白藜芦醇是一种天然的抗氧化剂和自由基廓清剂,具有清除自由基、减轻脂质过氧化等重要药理作用,目前有关白藜芦醇在减轻骨骼肌损伤、促进损伤修复方面的研究尚不多见。 目的：观察白藜芦醇对离心运动后骨骼肌超微结构损伤、血清丙二醛和肌细胞浆Ca2+浓度的影响。 设计、时间及地点：对照观察动物实验,于2007-08/2008-06在南方医科大学完成。 材料：成年雄性SD大鼠72只,实验室适应性喂养3 d后随机分为蒸馏水组(n=40)、白藜芦醇组(n=32)。白藜芦醇制剂购自湖南省洪江华光生物有限公司。 方法：白藜芦醇组大鼠每日腹腔注射1次白藜芦醇制剂60 mg/kg,蒸馏水组大鼠腹腔注射等量蒸馏水,连续2周。2周后,将大鼠在动物跑台上进行一次性下坡跑运动,速度为16 m/min,下坡坡度为16°,5 min运动,2 min休息,总运动时间为120 min。运动过程中采用人工驱赶和声刺激,不使用电刺激。 主要观察指标：于运动前、运动后即刻、运动后24,48,72 h电镜下观察比目鱼肌纤维Z线,TAB法测定血清丙二醛和流式细胞仪检测肌细胞浆Ca2+浓度。 结果：与蒸馏水组比较,白藜芦醇组镜下肌纤维损伤程度减轻,骨骼肌细胞Z线异常百分率在运动后即刻、运动后24,48,72 h比蒸馏水组分别降低了50.34%,52.67%,52.65%和53.26%(P < 0.05),离心运动引起的血清丙二醛升高程度分别下降了27.7%,29.56%,34.38%和27.79%(P < 0.05),胞浆Ca2+浓度分别降低了27.53%,25.84%,22.14%和11.62% (P < 0.05)。 结论：白藜芦醇可降低离心运动后血清丙二醛浓度和肌细胞浆Ca2+浓度,减轻运动导致的肌肉损伤。     

L-谷氨酰胺与肝脏大部分切除后的再生☆

背景：L-谷氨酰胺作为DNA和谷胱甘肽等合成的氮前体,在肝组织再生,肝细胞增殖的过程中扮演着极其重要的角色。 目的：观察经饮食由来补充L-谷氨酰胺对大鼠肝脏大部切除后肝再生能力的影响。 方法：Wistar大鼠随机分组3组,L-谷氨酰胺组和L-丙氨酸组大鼠肝切除前分别灌服10% L-谷氨酰胺或10%L-丙氨酸,肝切除后继续加入饮用水中饮用,对照组肝切除前后均使用饮用水。 结果与结论：大鼠肝切除后72 h L-谷氨酰胺组肝再生率明显高于对照组及L-丙氨酸组(P < 0.05)。肝切除后24 h和72 h L-谷氨酰胺组肝细胞增殖均明显高于对照组和L-丙氨酸组(P < 0.01;P < 0.05)。肝切除后24 h和72 h总RNA水平在两种氨基酸与对照组之间差异无显著性意义。肝切除后72 h基因组DNA的含量L-谷氨酰胺组显著高于对照组和L-丙氨酸组 (P < 0.05)。提示肝损伤围手术期投用高浓度L-谷氨酰胺对大鼠肝再生有促进作用,而投用L-丙氨酸则没有此作用。     

Absence of facilitation or depression of motor evoked potentials after contralateral homologous muscle activation

We have previously described post-exercise facilitation and post-exercise depression of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). To determine the presence of post-exercise facilitation after exercise of a contralateral muscle, MEPs were recorded from the resting right extensor carpi radialis (ECR) muscle while the left ECR muscle was activated, then immediately after brief left ECR activation, and, finally, immediately after brief right ECR activation. We repeated the experiment using the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle. To determine the presence of post-exercise depression after exercise of a contralateral muscle, MEPs were recorded from the right ECR after prolonged exercise of the left ECR, followed by right ECR recording after its fatigue. The mean MEP amplitudes from the right ECR and the right FDI after brief activation were 187% and 266% of their pre-exercise values, respectively. There were no significant changes in MEPs recorded from the right ECR or FDI muscles during or immediately after brief activation of their left counterparts. The mean amplitude of MEPs recorded from the right ECR after it fatigued was approximately half the pre-exercise value, but there was no significant change in MEPs recorded from the right ECR after prolonged exercise of the left ECR. Therefore, neither post-exercise facilitation nor post-exercise depression occurred after contralateral homologous muscle exercise.     

Delayed-onset muscle damage and lipid peroxidation in man after a downhill run

Lipid peroxidation initiated by free radical reactions is associated with tissue necrosis in a variety of conditions. We have measured serum lipid peroxide concentrations (as total thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, TBARS) and creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities and subjective muscle soreness in 16 men before and after a 45-minute downhill treadmill run. TBARS concentrations and enzyme activities were increased after exercise, with peak values observed at 6 hours (TBARS, LDH) or 24 hours (CK, AST) after exercise. Serum LDH activity returned to preexercise levels by 48 hours after exercise and TBARS by 72 hours after exercise: CK and AST activities remained elevated 72 hours after exercise. Leg mucle soreness also increased, with the greatest degree of soreness seen at 24 or 48 hours after exercise. Subjects with the greatest increase in CK, LDH, and AST also showed the highest serum TBARS concentration. This suggests a possible relationship between free radical generation and exercise-induced muscle damage.     

Increased post-exercise facilitation of motor evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVES: To study post-exercise facilitation following a non-fatigue exercise in a homogenous group of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with complaints of muscle fatigue. METHODS: In 15 MS patients and matched controls motor evoked potentials (MEP) were recorded from the biceps brachii muscle at time delays of 0.5-30s after an isometric contraction with a torque of 50% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) maintained for 2-6s. In addition, MEP was recorded after isometric torque of 25, 50, and 100% of MVC maintained for 6s. RESULTS: Isometric non-fatigue contraction induced significant post-exercise increase in MEP amplitude in MS patients compared with controls being most pronounced after a contraction for 6s. The post-exercise increase in MEP lasted for longer than 30s in MS patients. CONCLUSIONS: Post-exercise increase of MEP amplitude following a non-fatigue exercise was significant in MS patients with complaints of muscle fatigue compared with healthy subjects.     

EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON SOMATOSENSORY-EVOKED POTENTIALS

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute and regular exercise on somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP). The study group was designed as 9 female and 7 male volleyball players, and the control group as 9 female and 7 male sedentary students. The P1 and P2 latency and amplitude values were measured by tibial nerve stimulation on both lower extremities in the study groups before and after exercise on a treadmill. Intra-group comparison was made to evaluate the acute effects of exercise, and inter-group comparison for the chronic effects of it. Statistically significant difference was determined in pre-exercise right P2 amplitudes and post-exercise left P2 latencies of female volleyball players and sedentary girls. There was significant difference between only the pre-exercise left P2 latency when comparison was made between the sportsmen and sedentary male subject groups. There were significant differences between the pre-exercise left P1 and P2 latency values of sportswomen and right P2 amplitudes of sedentary female subjects. There was no significant difference between left P2 latency values of sportsmen and sedentary male subjects. In conclusion, it was determined that acute and regular exercise shortened the latency of sensory-evoked potentials while decreasing their amplitudes. When evaluating the sensory-evoked potentials in electrophysiology laboratories, the exercise capacity and physical activity levels of the subjects should be considered.     

Effects of exercise on somatosensory-evoked potentials

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute and regular exercise on somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEP). The study group was designed as 9 female and 7 male volleyball players, and the control group as 9 female and 7 male sedentary students. The P1 and P2 latency and amplitude values were measured by tibial nerve stimulation on both lower extremities in the study groups before and after exercise on a treadmill. Intra-group comparison was made to evaluate the acute effects of exercise, and inter-group comparison for the chronic effects of it. Statistically significant difference was determined in pre-exercise right P2 amplitudes and post-exercise left P2 latencies of female volleyball players and sedentary girls. There was significant difference between only the pre-exercise left P2 latency when comparison was made between the sportsmen and sedentary male subject groups. There were significant differences between the pre-exercise left P1 and P2 latency values of sportswomen and right P2 amplitudes of sedentary female subjects. There was no significant difference between left P2 latency values of sportsmen and sedentary male subjects. In conclusion, it was determined that acute and regular exercise shortened the latency of sensory-evoked potentials while decreasing their amplitudes. When evaluating the sensory-evoked potentials in electrophysiology laboratories, the exercise capacity and physical activity levels of the subjects should be considered.     

Changes in fibrinolysis following exercise above and below lactate threshold

This study sought to compare fibrinolytic responses to exercise above lactate threshold (LT) to longer-duration, equicaloric exercise below LT. Fifteen males performed cycle ergometer tests above (77% VO(2)peak) and below LT (41% VO(2)peak) to comparatively evaluate tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) responses. tPA activity significantly (P < 0.05) increased during the >LT test (pre-exercise = 1.57 +/- 0.44 IU ml(-1), post-exercise = 3.85 +/- 4.72 IU ml(-1)), but not the LT (pre-exercise = 8.32 +/- 4.48 ng ml(-1), post-exercise = 14.23 +/- 5.40 ng ml(-1)) and LT test. PAI-1 activity significantly (P < 0.05) decreased during both the >LT (pre-exercise = 15.00 +/- 2.73 AU ml(-1), post-exercise = 10.12 +/- 2.90 AU ml(-1)) and LT test. Our results suggest that exercise 相似文献   

Physical and psychological effects of 6-week tactile massage on elderly patients with severe dementia

Tactile massage is a soft massage that improves physical relaxation and psychological well-being. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of a 6-week tactile massage on changes in physical and mental function, symptoms of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) among elderly patients with dementia. In addition, chromogranin A (CgA) levels as an index of stress examined the effects of tactile massage intervention. A tactile massage group consisting of elderly patients with dementia received tactile massage therapy a total of 30 times each for about 20 minutes between 16:00 and 17:00 hours. In the control group, the mean scores for 'intellectual' and 'emotional function' score decreased significantly after 6 weeks (P < .05); however, no change was observed in the tactile massage group. Both the 'aggressiveness' score (P < .05) and CgA levels decreased significantly after 6 weeks in the tactile massage group. These results suggest that tactile massage reduces aggressiveness and stress level in patients with dementia.     

离心运动对大鼠骨骼肌细胞增殖和波形蛋白表达的时序性影响

背景：骨骼肌损伤后是通过肌卫星细胞的增殖形成新核来生长和修复的,但关于骨骼肌细胞增殖和波形蛋白表达的关系很少报道。 目的：探讨骨骼肌细胞增殖与波形蛋白表达的关系以及运动性骨骼肌微损伤后修复的机制。 设计、时间和地点：随机对照动物实验,于2007-12/2008-09在湖南师大运动人体科学实验中心完成。 材料：健康成年8周龄雄性SD大鼠50只,随机分成对照组和运动后即刻、运动后3 h、运动后24 h和运动后48 h组,每组10只大鼠。 方法：运动组大鼠进行重复3 d的力竭性离心运动,力竭模型采用跑台运动,速度为16 m/min,坡度为-16°,持续运动至力竭,对照组为正常大鼠,未做运动。 主要观察指标：运动组分别于运动后即刻,3,24,48 h取材,对照组一次性取材,免疫组织化学法检测各组大鼠肱三头肌内侧头不同恢复时相增殖细胞核抗原PCNA的表达和波形蛋白的表达。 结果：骨骼肌细胞增殖出现时序性变化,运动后即刻增殖指数显著大于对照组,运动后24 h达到峰值,运动后48 h增殖指数有所下降。骨骼肌细胞中波形蛋白表达出现时序性,而且其免疫反应分值的时序性与增殖指数出现一致性,但与增殖指数不具有相关性。 结论：3 d重复性力竭离心运动后骨骼肌细胞增殖和波形蛋白的表达出现时序性变化。波形蛋白的表达与肌细胞增殖具有一定的关系,但不是惟一的影响的因素。