腺病毒载体表达轮状病毒G1型外壳蛋白VP7及其诱导的免疫应答研究

构建表达地方流行株轮状病毒G1型外壳蛋白VP7的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒,免疫小鼠评价其体液及细胞免疫反应效果,探讨基因工程轮状病毒疫苗的实验基础及可行性。RT-PCR扩增轮状病毒VP7基因并克隆至pshuttle-CMV穿梭质粒,pshuttle-VP7与腺病毒骨架质粒同源重组后转染293细胞包装重组腺病毒rAd-VP7。RT-PCR、western blot检测rAdVP7在体外细胞中的转录及表达。rAd-VP7经肌注或滴鼻免疫小鼠后检测其血清IgG、肠道IgA及中和抗体效价;流式、ELISPOT检测淋巴细胞亚群变化及IFN-γ分泌情况。结果显示ELISA可检测到免疫小鼠血清IgG和滴鼻组肠道IgA抗体的产生;肌注和滴鼻免疫组中和抗体平均滴度分别为228和322.5;免疫小鼠脾细胞IFN-γ的分泌增加。表达轮状病毒VP7的重组腺病毒不但能够激发体液及细胞免疫反应,滴鼻免疫途径还可诱导粘膜免疫应答。     

重组EV71和CVA16型手足口病双价VLP疫苗构建及免疫保护效果评价

目的运用Bac-to-Bac杆状病毒表达系统表达EV71和CVA16的病毒样颗粒,并对纯化的重组EV71、CVA16双价病毒样颗粒疫苗进行免疫效果评价。方法构建重组杆状病毒Bacmid-P1-3CD,转染Sf9昆虫细胞,纯化EV71、CVA16的病毒样颗粒并检测其形态和生物特性;通过EV71、CVA16的病毒样颗粒免疫ICR雌鼠后,以EV71、CVA16强毒株腹腔攻击5日龄乳鼠,对重组EV71、CVA16型双价VLP免疫保护性进行评价。结果利用Bac-to-Bac杆状病毒表达系统成功构建并表达EV71和CVA16病毒样颗粒,颗粒大小约为23~30 nm,存在Mr约39 000 VP1特异性蛋白表达。重组EV71、CVA16双价VLP疫苗免疫接种能够诱导小鼠机体产生高效价的特异性抗体(EV71中和抗体效价为1∶960,CVA16中和抗体效价为1∶624)并发挥优于单价VLP疫苗的有效免疫保护效果。结论重组EV71、CVA16型双价VLP疫苗免疫原性和保护性显著高于单价疫苗,为手足口病疫苗的研发提供了新的思路及实验基础。     

肠道病毒71型手足口病的疫苗筛选和观察

目的 筛选安全有效新型EV71候选疫苗,为将来EV71疫苗开发应用奠定基础.方法 以重组蛋白VP1为疫苗设计靶点,不同候选疫苗包括灭活疫苗、DNA疫苗、VP1蛋白疫苗在0、2周、4周分别按照不同剂量和肌内注射途径免疫BALB/c雌性小鼠,在0、2周、4周、6周、8周、10周、16周分别采集小鼠尾静脉血,16周处死小鼠,收集小鼠脾脏细胞,检测小鼠体液免疫和细胞免疫功能,筛选评价候选疫苗的疗效和安全性.结果 灭活病毒疫苗、VP1 DNA质粒疫苗、VP1蛋白疫苗免疫小鼠2周后IgG抗体滴度即开始升高,4周后明显升高,8周后达高峰,至少维持16周以上;IgG亚类以IgG2a和IgG1为主.三种疫苗能诱导以γ-IFN和IL-4为主的细胞免疫反应.灭活疫苗疗效优于其他候选疫苗,未发现疫苗相关不良反应.结论 灭活病毒疫苗、VP1 DNA质粒疫苗、VP1蛋白疫苗均能诱导持久的特异性细胞免疫和中和抗体反应,以灭活病毒疫苗疗效较好,需要将来攻毒实验可进一步验证其免疫力.     

CVB3腺病毒载体疫苗Ad/VP1的构建及免疫效果研究

 目的 构建柯萨奇病毒B3(coxsackievirus B3,CVB3)VP1基因重组腺病毒疫苗Ad/VP1,并观察其对小鼠的免疫效果。方法 利用AdEasy-1系统构建、包装重组腺病毒Ad/VP1,并检测目的蛋白的表达。BALB/c小鼠随机分为Ad/VP1、Ad和PBS 3组,肌肉注射免疫,共免疫2次,每次间隔16d。用ELISA法和微量中和试验法分别检测血清CVB3 VP1 IgG和中和抗体滴度;CCK-8法检测特异性CTL杀伤活性;用致死量CVB3攻击小鼠后,检测血中病毒滴度并观察小鼠的存活率。结果 成功构建、包装了重组腺病毒Ad/VP1,并在293细胞中检测到VP1蛋白的表达。免疫小鼠后,Ad/VP1组血清CVB3 VP1 IgG滴度、中和抗体水平明显高于PBS和Ad对照组(P<0.01),CTL杀伤活性和对小鼠的保护率也高于对照组(P<0.05),血清病毒滴度低于两对照组(P<0.05)。结论 重组腺病毒疫苗Ad/VP1能显著提高小鼠的细胞和体液免疫应答及免疫保护作用。     

抗旋毛虫病Ts87 DNA疫苗滴鼻初免—蛋白疫苗加强免疫策略增强免疫保护应答

为优化抗旋毛虫病核酸疫苗免疫策略,本文探讨了Ts87 DNA疫苗滴鼻初免与蛋白疫苗皮下注射加强免疫诱导产生的保护效果及免疫应答特征.分别在第0d以旋毛虫Ts87 DNA疫苗SL7207/pVAX1-Ts87滴鼻初免,第14/28 d以蛋白疫苗rTs87皮下注射加强免疫小鼠,在第35 d攻击感染旋毛虫肌幼虫,第84 d剖杀小鼠,计算减虫率观察免疫保护效果;进行小鼠血清中特异性IgG抗体效价、抗体亚型分析及肠道盥洗液sIgA水平分析,检测脾淋巴细胞增殖反应、脾及颈部淋巴结细胞分泌细胞因子水平.结果显示,DNA疫苗滴鼻初免—重组蛋白加强的联合免疫组的保护作用优于单独DNA疫苗滴鼻及单独重组蛋白免疫组,显著提高了减虫率(46.1％);DNA疫苗滴鼻初免和蛋白疫苗加强免疫方式不仅诱导小鼠产生了粘膜免疫应答,同时也诱导了有效的细胞和体液免疫应答,其免疫应答类型是以Th2型为主的混合型Th1/Th2免疫反应.该研究为新型抗旋毛虫病疫苗接种策略的优化提供了实验依据.     

呼吸道合胞病毒融合蛋白F在重组杆状病毒表达系统中的表达及抗原性研究

目的 利用杆状病毒表达系统对RSV A型Long株F基因进行表达研究,为RSV重组亚单位疫苗的研制奠定基础.方法 用反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增F基因,将其克隆到pFastBacHT A载体中,阳性重组质粒转化DH10Bac感受态细胞,PER鉴定获得阳性克隆,碱裂解法提取阳性质粒,转染Sf9昆虫细胞,获得含F基因的重组杆状病毒质粒,重组病毒感染Sf9细胞72 h后,进行SDS-PAGE电泳、间接免疫荧光和Western-blot试验.免疫Balb/c小鼠,用ELISA测定抗体滴度,MTT试验检测T淋巴细胞增殖.结果 目的 蛋白F在昆虫细胞中有特异性表达,能被F蛋白单克隆抗体所识别,该蛋白诱导了高滴度的RSV特异性抗体.结论成功克隆RSV F基因,并在Sf9昆虫细胞中获得表达,该蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,为进一步研究开发RSV重组亚单位疫苗奠定了基础.     

脑膜炎奈瑟菌外膜蛋白NMB0315作为B群流脑疫苗候选抗原的免疫效果

目的研究原核重组表达的B群脑膜炎奈瑟菌外膜蛋白0315(rNMB0315)在诱导小鼠产生特异性免疫应答中的作用、免疫血清抗体体外杀菌活性和重组蛋白的免疫保护效果,初步评价rNMB0315作为B群流脑疫苗候选抗原的潜力。方法将构建的原核表达载体p ET30a-NMB0315转化大肠杆菌BL21表达重组蛋白,纯化鉴定后的重组蛋白免疫雌性BALB/c小鼠,检测体液免疫和细胞免疫水平;测定血清抗体在补体介导下的体外杀菌活性,观察rNMB0315蛋白疫苗对实验小鼠的免疫保护效果。结果 rNMB0315具有良好的免疫原性,能诱导产生较高水平的体液免疫应答:包括血清特异性IgG、IgG1、IgG2a、IgG3、IgG2b和生殖道黏膜特异性分泌型IgA(s IgA),免疫后第6周抗体效价分别为1∶150 000、1∶85 000、1∶60 000、1∶35 000、1∶30 000和1∶30 000;也能激发较高水平的细胞免疫应答,免疫小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应的刺激指数(SI)值明显高于PBS、Freund佐剂对照组。在免疫的2、4、6周,血清IgG2a/IgG1比值均小于1,提示rNMB0315疫苗以诱导Th2细胞性体液免疫应答为主。rNMB0315疫苗免疫血清在补体介导下的体外杀菌抗体效价为1∶128;72 h内,对实验小鼠的免疫保护率为90%。结论原核表达的rNMB0315具有良好的免疫活性和免疫保护效果,NMB0315外膜蛋白具有作为预防B群流脑蛋白疫苗候选抗原的潜力。     

犬腺病毒DNA疫苗的免疫实验研究

目的研究犬腺病毒DNA疫苗pVAX1-CpG-Loop刺激机体产生免疫应答的效果。方法采用2种不同的免疫途径和免疫方案免疫Balb/c小鼠;免疫后每周断尾采血,分离血清测定血清IgG抗体效价;采用MTT和CCK-8方法检测免疫小鼠的T淋巴细胞增殖活性,EIA试剂盒测定IFN-γ的浓度。结果所有接种DNA疫苗的小鼠均产生了针对抗原病毒的特异性IgG抗体。细胞学试验提示构建的犬腺病毒DNA疫苗也可诱导小鼠产生细胞性免疫应答,重组质粒-蛋白联合的免疫方案在刺激机体细胞免疫应答方面优于单一重组质粒。结论以上结果提示犬腺病毒DNA疫苗pVAX1-CpG-Loop既能诱导小鼠产生特异性的体液免疫应答,也诱导小鼠产生了细胞免疫应答,对于机体具有一定的免疫保护效果。     

柯萨奇病毒B 组5 型VP1 蛋白的外源表达及多克隆抗体的制备

目的:原核表达柯萨奇病毒B组5型的VP1蛋白,并制备其多克隆抗体及检测。方法:提取在Vero细胞中柯萨奇病毒B组5型的RNA,通过逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)扩增获取VP1基因序列,构建原核表达载体,大量诱导表达重组VP1蛋白。用His Trap HP亲和层析柱纯化重组蛋白,以纯化的目的蛋白为抗原,免疫雄性SD大鼠获得VP1蛋白多克隆抗体血清,ELISA测定该抗体的效价,微量中和实验测定抗体的中和活性,Western blot检测抗体的特异性,免疫组化检测抗体对组织中抗原的识别。结果:成功构建了VP1-pET-28a重组载体,并且在BL21细胞中成功诱导表达,亲和层析柱纯化后蛋白纯度大于90%。ELISA测得抗体的效价为1∶128 000,微量中和实验显示抗体没有中和活性,Western blot分析显示抗体能与CVA16和EV71交叉反应,免疫组化实验表明抗体能够识别组织中的CVB5抗原。结论:本研究成功制备了CVB5 VP1蛋白的高效价的多克隆抗体,为CVB5病毒疫苗和病毒诊断的研发提供了有效的工具。     

含E型沙眼衣原体MOMP基因的重组腺病毒和DNA疫苗联合免疫效果的研究

目的探讨E型沙眼衣原体（Ct）主要外膜蛋白（MOMP）DNA疫苗和重组腺病毒联合免疫小鼠诱导的免疫效应。方法构建、纯化重组腺病毒Ad-MOMP及重组真核表达质粒pVAX1-MOMP。设计4种免疫方案,分别为DNA免疫（ DNA组）、重组腺病毒免疫（ Ad组）、DNA初次免疫-重组腺病毒加强免疫（ DNA/Ad组）、重组腺病毒初次免疫-DNA加强免疫（ Ad/DNA组）。末次免疫后2周检测小鼠血清特异IgG、IgG1、IgG2a、IgA抗体,阴道分泌物SIgA抗体及脾淋巴细胞分泌IFN-γ、IL-10水平。结果DNA组诱导较弱免疫应答,未产生SIgA抗体及Th1反应。 Ad组诱导出Th1反应及SIgA抗体,且血清抗体显著高于DNA组。联合免疫均能诱导明显强于单独免疫的黏膜SIgA、血清抗体及Th1反应。 Ad/DNA组的Th1反应强于DNA/Ad组;而DNA/Ad组的血清抗体和黏膜抗体水平强于Ad/DNA组。结论Ad-MOMP能诱导黏膜免疫及Th1细胞免疫应答,DNA/Ad及Ad/DNA联合免疫产生的特异性免疫应答明显强于单独免疫。其中Ad/DNA的Th1反应优势更明显,DNA/Ad的血清抗体和黏膜抗体反应更强。接种顺序会影响联合免疫的强弱及类型,这为Ct疫苗的设计研究提供新的思路和实验依据。     

不同HBsAg疫苗联合免疫后诱导小鼠细胞和体液免疫应答的研究

目的：了解HBsAg的蛋白疫苗（P）、痘苗病毒疫苗（V）、DNA疫苗（D）联合免疫小鼠诱导的特异性体液和细胞免疫应答。方法：以P、V或D疫苗中的一种疫苗初次免疫BALB／c小鼠后，于第2、5、8、11周再用另一种疫苗加强，共产生9种免疫组合：即PP、PV、PD、VP、VV、VD、DP、DV及DD。于初免后第2、5、8、11周采血检测血清中抗HBsAgIgG的总滴度及其IgG1和IgG2a亚类，并于每次加强免疫后第7天，检Nd,鼠脾脏的CTL对P815S细胞的特异性杀伤率。结果：在P、V、D3种疫苗中，V疫苗诱导产生抗HBsAg抗体的速度最快，P疫苗诱导的体液免疫回忆反应最强，D疫苗诱导产生的抗体最弱。除PP疫苗组合诱导的抗体明显倾向于IgG1外，其他均无明显的倾向性。各种免疫组合中，VD和DV疫苗组诱导的CTL应答最强，对P815S的特异性杀伤率分别为71％和64％。结论：在各种联合免疫组合中，PV、PD、VP和VD疫苗组的抗体应答较好；而DV和VD疫苗组诱导的CTL杀伤效应最强。     

Ebola virus-like particles produced in insect cells exhibit dendritic cell stimulating activity and induce neutralizing antibodies

Recombinant baculoviruses (rBV) expressing Ebola virus VP40 (rBV-VP40) or GP (rBV-GP) proteins were generated. Infection of Sf9 insect cells by rBV-VP40 led to assembly and budding of filamentous particles from the cell surface as shown by electron microscopy. Ebola virus-like particles (VLPs) were produced by coinfection of Sf9 cells with rBV-VP40 and rBV-GP, and incorporation of Ebola GP into VLPs was demonstrated by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. Recombinant baculovirus infection of insect cells yielded high levels of VLPs, which were shown to stimulate cytokine secretion from human dendritic cells similar to VLPs produced in mammalian cells. The immunogenicity of Ebola VLPs produced in insect cells was evaluated by immunization of mice. Analysis of antibody responses showed that most of the GP-specific antibodies were of the IgG2a subtype, while no significant level of IgG1 subtype antibodies specific for GP was induced, indicating the induction of a Th1-biased immune response. Furthermore, sera from Ebola VLP immunized mice were able to block infection by Ebola GP pseudotyped HIV virus in a single round infection assay, indicating that a neutralizing antibody against the Ebola GP protein was induced. These results show that production of Ebola VLPs in insect cells using recombinant baculoviruses represents a promising approach for vaccine development against Ebola virus infection.     

Immunogenicity of a truncated enterovirus 71 VP1 protein fused to a Newcastle disease virus nucleocapsid protein fragment in mice

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the viruses that cause hand, foot and mouth disease. Its viral capsid protein 1 (VP1), which contains many neutralization epitopes, is an ideal target for vaccine development. Recently, we reported the induction of a strong immune response in rabbits to a truncated VP1 fragment (Nt-VP1t) displayed on a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) capsid protein. Protective efficacy of this vaccine, however, can only be tested in mice, since all EV71 animal models thus far were developed in mouse systems. In this study, we evaluated the type of immune responses against the protein developed by adult BALB/c mice. Nt-VP1t protein induced high levels of VP1 IgG antibody production in mice. Purified VP1 antigen stimulated activation, proliferation and differentiation of splenocytes harvested from these mice. They also produced significant levels of IFN-γ, a Th1-related cytokine. Taken together, Nt-VP1t protein is a potent immunogen in adult mice and our findings provide the data needed for testing of its protective efficacy in mouse models of EV71 infections.     

柯萨奇病毒B3 VP1蛋白、rAd/VP1和pcDNA3/VP1的免疫效果比较

目的 观察柯萨奇病毒B3(Coxsackievirus B3,CVB3)衣壳蛋白VP1、表达VP1蛋白的重组腺病毒rAd/VP1和重组质粒pcDNA3/VP1的免疫效果.方法 用原核细胞表达VP1蛋白并纯化、扩增重组腺病毒rAd/VP1,扩增并提取真核表达质粒pcDNA3/VP1.BALB/c小鼠随机分为4组,每组18只,分别在股四头肌注射VP1蛋白、rAd/VP1、pcDNA3/VP1和PBS.VP1蛋白组和pcDNA3/VP1组免疫3次,间隔3周;rAd/VP1组免疫2次,间隔2周.VP1蛋白、pcDNA3/VP1和rAd/VP1每次每只注射剂量分别为50μg、100μg和1.2×107PFU.用ELISA法和微量中和试验法检测各次免疫后血清CVB3特异性IgG抗体和中和抗体滴度;末次免疫后3周,CCK-8法检测脾脏淋巴细胞的CTL杀伤活性;用致死量CVB3攻击小鼠后,检测血中病毒滴度并观察动物的存活情况.结果 VP1蛋白组血清特异性IgG抗体和中和抗体滴度明显高于其他实验组(P＜0.05),而脾脏淋巴细胞CTL杀伤活性低于rAd/VP1组(P＜0.05);致死量病毒攻击后,VP1蛋白组血中病毒滴度低于pcDNA3/VP1和rAd/VP1组(P＜0.05),生存率明显高于这两组(P＜0.05).结论 VP1蛋白疫苗能诱导较高水平的体液免疫应答,对动物有明显的免疫保护作用,免疫效果优于质粒pcDNA3/VP1和重组腺病毒rAd/VP1.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the immune effects of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) capsid protein VP1 expressed bacterially, recombinant adenovirus rAd/VP1 and recombinant plasmid pcDNA3/VP1which express VP1 protein in mice. Methods After expressed in prokaryotic cells, VP1 protein was purified. Recombinant adenovirus rAd/VP1 and recombinant plasmid pcDNA3/VP1 were amplified and extracted. Six to 8-week-old, male BALB/c mice were divided into four groups randomly. Each group contained 18 mice. The mice of pcDNA3/VP1 group or VP1 protein group were immunized intramuscularly with three injections at three weeks apart, of recombinant plasmid pcDNA3/VP1 at a dose of 100 μg/mouse or recombinant protein VP1 at a dose of 50 μg/mouse. The mice of rAd/VP1 group were immunized intramuscularly twice at two weeks interval with rAd/VP1 at a dose of 1.2 × 107 PFU. The control group was mock-immunized with 100 μl of PBS intramuscularly. Mice were bled from the retroorbital sinus plexus every two weeks after each immunization. ELISA and micro-neutralization test were used to detect levels of CVB3-specific IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody titers in the sera of immunized mice. Three weeks after the last immunization, the cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL) killing activity of spleen lymphocytes was detected with CCK-8 assay. Subsequently, virus titers in the sera of immunized mice were determined by the 50% cell culture infective dose( CCID50 ) assay on HeLa cell monolayers and percentage of animals surviving were observed after lethal CVB3 attack over a period of 21 days. Results The titers of specific IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody in sera of VP1 protein immunized mice were higher than other groups( P ＜0.05 ). While CTL killing activity of spleen lymphocytes of VP1 protein immunized mice was lower than mice in rAd/VP1 group( P ＜0. 05). Virus titers in sera of VP1 protein immunized mice were lower than the mice in pcDNA3/VP1 or rAd/VP1 groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ), while survival rate was significantly higher than these two groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion VP1 protein induced higher level of humoral immune response and acquired obvious immune protection effects in mice. The immunizing potency of VP1 protein vaccine surpassed plasmid pcDNA3/VP1or recombinant adenovirus rAd/VP1. It appeared to be a promising candidate among the three different vaccines.     

SARS冠状病毒S基因重组DNA诱导的体液免疫反应

目的 以严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）密码子优化的S、S1和S2基因分别构建其真核表达质粒，免疫BALB／c小鼠，以初步评价其诱导特异性体液免疫的效果。方法将人工合成密码子优化的S、S1和S2基因克隆入pcDNA4／HisMax-TOPO表达载体，重组质粒转染293T细胞，Western blot和免疫组化检测其真核表达，重组质粒免疫BALB／c小鼠，酶联免疫（ELISA）检测抗S蛋白抗体，伪病毒中和试验、细胞融合抑制试验检测中和抗体。结果3种重组质粒均可在真核细胞中获得表达，免疫小鼠后可诱导针对S蛋白的特异性抗体，抗体在12周观察期内呈持续上升趋势；其中，仅S和S1蛋白重组质粒能够诱导中和抗体的产生，以S蛋白的效价为高。结论密码子优化S和S1蛋白重组质粒可以有效诱导BALB／c小鼠产生中和抗体，其抗体可能具有阻断SARS-CoV侵袭易感细胞的能力。该结果为进一步研究SARS-CoV DNA疫苗提供了参考依据。     

Immune responses to recombinant pneumococcal PspA antigen delivered by live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine

Attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium expressing recombinant antigens from other pathogens elicits primarily a Th1-type dominant immune response to both recombinant and Salmonella antigens. The immunogenicity and appropriate subcellular location of the recombinant antigen in the Salmonella vaccine strain may contribute to augmenting immune responses by facilitating adequate exposure of recombinant antigen to antigen-presenting cells for processing. To allow for secretion from gram-negative bacteria and overexpression of antigen, a DNA fragment encoding a highly antigenic alpha-helical region of PspA (pneumococcal surface protein A) was subcloned downstream from the beta-lactamase signal sequence in the multicopy Asd(+) pYA3493 vector to create pYA3494. pYA3493 was derived from a class of Asd(+) vectors with reduced expression of Asd to minimize selective disadvantage and enhance immunization of expressed recombinant antigens. The S. enterica serovar Typhimurium vaccine strain was constructed by the introduction of deletion mutations Delta crp-28 and Delta asdA16. Approximately 50% of the recombinant PspA (rPspA) expressed in a Salmonella strain harboring pYA3494 was detected in the combined supernatant and periplasmic fractions of broth-grown recombinant SALMONELLA: After a single oral immunization in BALB/c mice with 10(9) CFU of the recombinant Salmonella vaccine strain carrying pYA3494, immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses were stimulated to both the heterologous antigen rPspA and Salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and outer membrane proteins (OMPs). About half, and even more at later times after immunization, of the antibodies induced to rPspA were IgG1 (indicating a Th2-type response), whereas 60 to 70% of the antibodies to LPS and 80 to 90% of those to OMPs were IgG2a (indicating a Th1-type response). A sublethal infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae WU2 boosted PspA antibody levels and maintained IgG2a/IgG1 ratios similar to those seen before the challenge. Oral immunization with Salmonella-PspA vaccine protected 60% of immunized mice from death after intraperitoneal challenge with 50 times the 50% lethal dose of virulent S. pneumoniae WU2.     

Long-lasting protective immune response to the 19-kilodalton carboxy-terminal fragment of Plasmodium yoelii merozoite surface protein 1 in mice

Merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) is the major protein on the surface of the plasmodial merozoite, and its carboxy terminus, the 19-kDa fragment (MSP1(19)), is highly conserved and effective in induction of a protective immune response against malaria parasite infection in mice and monkeys. However, the duration of the immune response has not been elucidated. As such, we immunized BALB/c mice with a standard four-dose injection of recombinant Plasmodium yoelii MSP1(19) formulated with Montanide ISA51 and CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) and monitored the MSP1(19)-specific antibody levels for up to 12 months. The antibody titers persisted constantly over the period of time without significant waning, in contrast to the antibody levels induced by immunization with Freund's adjuvant, where the antibody levels gradually declined to significantly lower levels 12 months after immunization. Investigation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass longevity revealed that only the IgG1 antibody level (Th2 type-driven response) decreased significantly by 6 months, while the IgG2a antibody level (Th1 type-driven response) did not change over the 12 months after immunization, but the boosting effect was seen in the IgG1 antibody responses but not in the IgG2a antibody responses. After challenge infection, all immunized mice survived with negligibly patent parasitemia. These findings suggest that protective immune responses to MSP1(19) following immunization using oil-based Montanide ISA51 and CpG ODN as an adjuvant are very long-lasting and encourage clinical trials for malaria vaccine development.     

柯萨奇病毒A组16型病毒样颗粒免疫原性的初步研究

目的 研究柯萨奇病毒A组16型（Coxsackievirus A16,CA16）病毒样颗粒（Virus-like particles,VLPs）的免疫原性.方法 利用杆状病毒-昆虫细胞表达系统共表达3CD及P1蛋白,制备CA16病毒样颗粒,通过SDS-PAGE及透射电镜等方法对VLPs进行鉴定,以氢氧化铝佐剂免疫ICR小鼠,并对乳鼠经颅腔攻毒.对病毒样颗粒疫苗的免疫原性及保护效果进行评价.结果 将重组CA163CD及P1蛋白的杆状病毒转染SF9细胞,可以产生类似CA16病毒颗粒的大小为27 ～ 30 nm的VLPs.小鼠免疫试验结果显示CA16 VLPs可以刺激产生较高水平的抗CA16病毒的特异性IgG抗体及中和抗体,乳鼠攻毒试验结果显示,母传抗体保护率高达90％.结论 CA16 VLPs可以刺激小鼠产生较高水平的体液免疫反应,并且母传抗体可以保护乳鼠抵御经颅腔的病毒攻击.     

CVB3腺病毒载体疫苗Ad/MDC-VP1与DNA疫苗联合应用的免疫效果

目的 构建重组腺病毒Ad/MDC-VP1,观察Ad/MDC-VP1与NA疫苗联合应用的免疫效果.方法 构建、包装重组腺病毒Ad/MDC-VP1并检测目的 蛋白的表达.BALB/c小鼠随机分为Ad/MDC-VP1、pcDNA3/MDC-VP1、pcDNA3/MDC-VPl+Ad/MDC-VP1和PBS 4组,肌肉注射免疫小鼠.用ELISA法和微量中和试验法分别检测血清柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)VP1 IgG和中和抗体滴度;CCK-8法检测淋巴细胞增殖活性和特异性CTL杀伤活性;用致死量CVB3攻击小鼠后,检测血中病毒滴度并观察小鼠的存活率.结果 成功构建并包装了重组腺病毒Ad/MDC-VP1,检测到目的 蛋白的表达.peDNA3/MDC-VP1+Ad/MDC-VP1组血清CVB3 VP1 IsG滴度、淋巴细胞增殖指数、CTL杀伤活性和对小鼠的保护率明显高于其他各组(P<0.05),血清病毒滴度低于其他各组(P<0.05).结论 Ad/MDC-VP1与DNA疫苗联合应用能显著提高小鼠细胞和体液免疫应答.