细胞因子基因多态性与女性散发性乳腺癌患者癌性恶液质的关系

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)α-308、TNF-β+252、白细胞介素(IL)1β+3954及IL-10-1082基因单核苷酸多态性与乳腺癌患者癌性恶液质的关系.方法 该研究包括102例乳腺癌合并恶液质患者,对照组为120例乳腺癌不合并恶液质患者.用PCR结合限制性内切酶检测外周血单个核细胞TNF-α-308、TNF-β+252、IL-1β+3954及IL-10-1082基因单核苷酸多态性.结果 TNF-β+252、IL-1β+3954及IL-10-1082基因单核苷酸多态性出现的频率在恶液质组和无恶液质组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).在恶液质组TNF2出现率显著高于无恶液质组(20.6%vs 10.0%,P=0.027).Logistic回归分析表明,TNF2是影响恶液质的一个危险因素,OR=2.333,95%的可信区间为(1.085～5.017).结论 TNF2与乳腺癌性恶液质的易感性有关.     

肿瘤坏死因子α，β基因多态性与多发性硬化关系的研究

目的：研究肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）-308G/A多态性、肿瘤坏死因子β（TNF-β）＋252A/G多态性与多发性硬化症（MS）的相关性.方法：采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）对62例MS患者和60名无血缘关系的健康人TNF-α基因-308G/A和TNF-β基因＋252A/G多态性进行分析,并对MS组患者进行临床EDSS评分.结果：TNF-α-308G/A各基因型频率和等位基因频率在MS组和正常对照组之间差异无统计学意义.TNF-β1/1基因型频率较对照组明显升高（P〈0.05）,TNF-β1等位基因频率较对照组明显升高（P〈0.01）.TNF-β1/1,1/2,2/2三种基因型中,EDSS评分、首次发病年龄、病程、发病次数相比较,差异均无统计学意义.结论：江苏省汉族人群中,TNF-α-308G/A基因多态性与MS无关.TNF-β1基因多态性与MS有关,但和EDSS评分、首次发病年龄、病程、发病次数无关.     

TNF-β+252基因多态性及幽门螺杆菌感染与胃癌易感性的关系

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子-β (TNF-β) +252基因单核苷酸多态性在胃癌(GC)患者及健康人群中的分布,探讨TNF-β+ 252基因多态性和幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染对GC易感性的影响. 方法 用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测118例GC患者(GC组)和107例体检健康者(对照组)TNF-β+ 252位点的基因多态性,ELISA检测两组研究对象Hp感染情况,分析各基因型分布和等位基因频率和Hp感染与GC易感性之间的关系. 结果 TNF-β+ 252三种基因型及等位基因频率在GC组和对照组间差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).GC组Hp感染率高于对照组(P＜0.01).分层分析显示,Hp感染者中等位基因A携带者(基因型G/A+ A/A)分布频率在GC组和对照组间差异有统计学意义(P =0.047).结论 Hp感染与TNF-β+ 252 A＞G变异协同增加了GC易感性.     

TNF-β+252基因多态性及幽门螺杆菌感染与胃癌易感性的关系

目的：探讨肿瘤坏死因子-β( TNF-β)+252基因单核苷酸多态性在胃癌( GC)患者及健康人群中的分布,探讨TNF-β+252基因多态性和幽门螺杆菌( Hp)感染对GC易感性的影响。方法用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性( PCR-RFLP)技术检测118例GC患者( GC组)和107例体检健康者(对照组) TNF-β+252位点的基因多态性,ELISA检测两组研究对象Hp感染情况,分析各基因型分布和等位基因频率和Hp感染与GC易感性之间的关系。结果 TNF-β+252三种基因型及等位基因频率在GC组和对照组间差异无统计学意义( P均>0．05)。 GC组Hp感染率高于对照组( P<0．01)。分层分析显示,Hp感染者中等位基因A携带者(基因型G/A+A/A)分布频率在GC组和对照组间差异有统计学意义(P=0．047)。结论 Hp感染与TNF-β+252 A>G变异协同增加了GC易感性。     

肿瘤坏死因子-β G252A、C804A基因多态性与脑梗死的关系

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子-β(TNF-β)G252A、C804A 多态性与脑梗死(CI)的相关性.方法 采用PCR- RFLP及PCR-SSP技术研究88例CI患者(CI组)、81例健康者(对照组)TNF-β G252A、C804A 多态性频率.结果 CI组TNF-β C804A基因型(CC型18.2%、CA型47.7%、AA型34.1%)与对照组(38.3%、42.0%、19.7%)相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中CI组AA频率为34.1%,对照组为19.7%,两者有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05);CA AA基因型CI的风险度为2.101(95%CI为1.048～2.954);CI组CC基因型为18.2%,对照组为38.3%,两组有显著性统计学意义(P<0.05);CI组TNF-β G252A基因型频率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 TNF-β 804A等位基因可能是CI的重要易感基因, 而804C等位基因可能是其保护性因素.TNF-β G252A基因多态性可能与CI无相关性.     

广东汉族人群肿瘤坏死因子基因多态性与多发性硬化的相关性研究

目的分析广东地区汉族人群TNF-α和TNF-β基因多态性分布,探讨TNF基因多态性与多发性硬化(MS)的关系。方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测68例MS病人和106名无血缘关系的广东籍健康汉族人的TNF-α和TNF-β基因型。结果TNF-α、TNF-β各等位基因型频率在MS组和正常人组比较无显著差异(P均>0.05),病例组TNF-α基因A纯合基因型和A等位基因频率分别为4.4%和13.9%,正常对照组分别为0和0.085。病例组TNF-β基因A纯合基因型和A等位基因频率分别为7.4%和39.7%,而正常对照组分别为16.98%和0.458。结论中国广东汉族人群存在TNF-α基因G-308A和TNF-βG 252A基因型分布,等位基因频率低于西方,与亚洲相似。从目前调查的例数看,广东汉族人群TNF-α基因G-308A和TNF-β基因G 252A基因多态性与广东人群中MS发病无关。     

β_2AR基因多态性与慢性阻塞性肺病易感性关系研究

目的研究β2肾上腺素受体（β2AR）基因多态性与我国汉族慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）易感性之间关系。方法提取92例COPD患者及80例对照组基因组DNA,采用等位基因特异性多聚酶链反应法（Allele-spe-cific PCR）检测β2AR基因＋46（A/G）位点和＋79（C/G）位点多态性;统计分析各基因型和等位基因频率。结果β2AR基因＋46（A/G）位点基因型和等位基因比较两组差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;＋79（C/G）位点基因型及等位基因分布两组间无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论β2AR基因＋46位点（A/G）基因多态性可能与我国中部地区汉族COPD易感性有关。     

汉族人群中肿瘤坏死因子-β基因多态性与精神分裂症、心境障碍的关联研究

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子-β（tumor necrosis factor-β，TNF-β）基因G252A多态性与精神分裂症、心境障碍是否关联。方法 收集65个核心家系，采用PCR-RFLP技术对G252A多态性基因分型，进行传递不平衡检验。结果在女性组（X^2=5．26，10=1，P〈0．05）和发病年龄≤25岁早发组（X^2=6．76，10=1，P〈0．01），G252A多态性与精神分裂症相关联；在早发组（X^2=5．00，10：1，P〈0．05）G252A多态性与心境障碍相关联，无性别差异（P〉0．05）。结论 在中国汉族人群中TNF-β基因可能是精神分裂症和心境障碍的共同易患基因之一，并可能影响发病年龄。     

IL-1β基因-31C/T位点多态性与子痫前期的相关性

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1β基因-31C/T（rs1143627）位点单核苷酸多态性与子痫前期发病的关系。方法 选取200例子痫前期病人和300例正常妊娠者,检测并比较两组体质量指数（BMI）、血压、24 h尿蛋白定量、白细胞介素-1β基因-31C/T多态性及基因型频率分布差异。结果 两组BMI差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;子痫前期组血压、24 h尿蛋白定量高于正常妊娠组,差异有显著性（t=15.58-21.27,P〈0.01）;子痫前期组白细胞介素-1β基因-31T/T、-31C/T及-31C/C基因型频率分布及等位基因C、T频率比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）。结论 白细胞介素-1β-31C/T位点基因多态性可能与子痫前期的发生无显著性关联。     

肿瘤坏死因子α及β基因多态性与脑梗死关系的研究

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF—α）及β（TNF-β）基因多态性与脑梗死（CI）的相关性。方法 用序列特异性引物和聚合酶链式反应（PCR）、限制性内切酶酶切技术，对110例脑梗死患者（CI组）和110例健康者（对照组）的肿瘤坏死因子α及β基因多态性进行分析。结果 CI组TNF-α等位基因分布频率与对照组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05），CI组TNF—αA等位基因频率为0．0364，对照组为0．1091，两组比较有统计学差异（P〈0．05）；CI组TNF—β等位基因分布频率与对照组差异有显著性（P〈0．05），其中TNF—βA／A基因型频率（41．82％）明显高于正常人（26.36％），但G与A的含量差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论 肿瘤坏死因子α基因多态性与CI的发病有一定相关性，TNF—β等位基因分布频率与CI的发病有一定相关性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.