囊性脑膜瘤的MRI影像表现(附10例报告)

目的 探讨囊性脑膜瘤的MRI表现,以提高诊断准确率.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的囊性脑膜瘤10例,并根据囊腔所在位置进行Nauta分型.用0.23T或1.5T磁共振扫描仪进行横轴位、冠状位和矢状位颅脑扫描,其中6例进行增强扫描.分析各型囊性脑膜瘤的MRI表现,并与病理结果相对照.结果 囊性脑膜瘤与脑膜瘤有相同的好发部位,具有脑外肿瘤的特点.增强扫描实性部分显著强化,囊性部分无强化.其中NautaⅠ型和NautaⅡ型囊性脑膜瘤囊壁强化,病理证实囊壁有肿瘤细胞,1例NautaⅡ型囊性脑膜瘤囊壁无强化但囊壁有肿瘤细胞存在.NautaⅣ型囊壁由蛛网膜构成没有强化.结论 MRI可以很好地显示囊性脑膜瘤的影像特征,对囊性脑膜瘤的诊断有一定的优势.     

囊性脑膜瘤的CT及MRI诊断

目的:总结囊性脑膜瘤的CT及MRI表现,提高对囊性脑膜瘤的影像学认识.方法:搜集经病理证实的囊性脑膜瘤23例,12例行CT检查,其中行增强扫描6例;17例行MRI检查,其中行增强扫描7例;6例同时行CT和MRI检查.观察、分析囊性脑膜瘤不同类型的CT和MRI表现.结果:囊性脑膜瘤除具有典型脑膜瘤CT、MRI表现外,由于有囊腔的存在,多数表现为实质性肿块伴大小不等的囊性区,实质部分强化明显,囊腔无强化,囊壁可有或无强化.本组23例中,Nauta Ⅰ型5例,Nauta Ⅱ型6例,Nauta Ⅲ型3例,Nauta Ⅳ型2例,7例为2种或2种以上的混合型.结论:囊性脑膜瘤有一定的影像学特征,CT和MRI对明确诊断具有重要意义,MRI优于CT.     

囊性脑膜瘤的影像诊断

目的 探讨囊性脑膜瘤的影像学表现及其成因，以提高对该病的认识和诊断正确率。方法 经手术病理证实的囊性脑膜瘤27例，其中男10例，女17例，年龄16～80岁(平均49岁)。行MR检查26例，其中增强扫描24例；行CT检查15例，其中增强扫描7例；同时行CT和MR检查者15例。分析所有的CT和MRI资料，结合手术和病理结果，采用Nauta分型进行分析。结果 囊性脑膜瘤主要位于大脑凸面，以广基与硬脑膜相连，多数表现为实质性肿块伴大小不等的囊样区，其实质部分明显强化。少数表现为囊性，其内见实质结节，结节明显强化，而囊壁可有或无强化。本组27例中，NautaⅠ型4例，NautaⅡ型7例，NautaⅢ型1例，NautaⅣ型10例，此外3例同时有Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型，1例同时有Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型，1例同时有Ⅲ型和Ⅳ型。结论 囊性脑膜瘤有特殊的影像学表现，CT和MRI在诊断中具有一定的价值，尤其是MRI。     

少见型脑膜瘤的CT诊断

目的探讨颅内少见型脑膜瘤的CT表现,并提高其诊断准确性。方法15例经手术病理证实的少见型脑膜瘤,包括Nauta型囊性脑膜瘤8例,恶性脑膜瘤4例,多发性脑膜瘤2例以及完全钙化性脑膜瘤1例,术前均经CT平扫,14例又经对比增强扫描。对所有患者的CT表现结合文献复习进行了回顾性分析。结果多数脑膜瘤位于幕上。Nauta型囊性脑膜瘤CT平扫呈囊实性肿块,增强扫描示肿瘤实质部分明显强化,部分囊壁有强化。恶性脑膜瘤CT平扫呈不规则形混杂密度肿块,或囊性肿块伴结节,肿瘤边缘不规则,增强后实质部分明显强化,瘤周水肿广泛。多发性脑膜瘤CT平扫示多发结节灶,增强扫描示肿瘤轻度强化。完全钙化性脑膜瘤CT平扫呈钙化团块,邻近颅骨骨质增生硬化,瘤周无水肿。本组CT术前正确诊断10例,误诊5例。结论颅内少见型脑膜瘤术前CT易误诊。综合分析各型的CT特征,有助于作出正确诊断和鉴别诊断。     

椎管内神经源性肿瘤MR诊断价值

目的:对椎管内神经源性肿瘤的影像表现进行分析,探讨神经源性肿瘤的MR表现特征及诊断价值。方法:经手术病理证实神经源性肿瘤13例,所有病例均采用自旋回波T1加权及T2加权序列进行扫描,常规行矢状位扫描,必要时加扫轴位和/或冠状位。所有病例均通过MR图像对肿瘤的部位、形态、大小、边界、信号、是否发生坏死囊变、椎间孔改变及增强后强化情况各方面进行观察分析。结果:13例神经源性肿瘤中发生于颈、胸椎7例,肿瘤呈长圆形5例,9例肿瘤引起椎间孔扩大,肿瘤信号呈等T1信号8例,长T1信号3例,短T1信号2例,等T2信号3例,长T2信号10例,病灶内发生斑点状坏死2例,斑片状坏死3例,明显囊变1例,8例经增强扫描病例呈明显不均匀强化5例,均匀强化3例。结论:椎管内神经源性肿瘤具有特征性MR表现,通过MR表现可做出正确的诊断,并根据这些特征性表现可与其他一些椎管内肿瘤进行鉴别诊断。     

鞍区毛细胞型星形细胞瘤CT和MRI表现及误诊分析

目的探讨鞍区毛细胞型星形细胞瘤的CT和MR I表现并分析误诊原因。资料与方法回顾性分析12例经病理证实的鞍区毛细胞型星形细胞瘤的影像学表现。11例行头颅MR I平扫及增强扫描,其中4例同时行头颅CT平扫及增强扫描;另有1例仅行头颅CT平扫及增强扫描。结果 12例中囊实性7例,实性5例。8例肿瘤边界不清,4例边界清晰。MR T2W I呈混杂或均匀高信号,T1W I呈等低信号;CT表现为不均匀高密度或等密度;增强扫描多表现为明显不均匀强化。7例视交叉显示不清,3例垂体柄显示不清。术前影像学诊断错误8例,误诊为颅咽管瘤(n=6)、脑膜瘤(n=1)、生殖细胞瘤(n=1),另有2例未做出明确诊断。结论鞍区毛细胞型星形细胞瘤多为囊实性或实性且有类似Ⅲ~Ⅳ级胶质瘤影像表现的特点,可根据这些特点与其他鞍区肿瘤相鉴别,减少误诊。     

囊性毛细胞型星形细胞瘤的MRI诊断

目的探讨MR I对囊性毛细胞型星形细胞瘤的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析26例经手术病理证实的囊性毛细胞型星形细胞瘤MR I表现,研究肿瘤的部位、形态和信号特征。结果肿瘤位于大脑半球6例,小脑20例,依据MR I表现,可分为单纯囊性、囊性伴壁结节。结论囊性毛细胞型星形细胞好发于年轻人,最常见于小脑,有较典型MR I表现,因此根据MR I表现结合临床资料,可望做出定性诊断。     

囊性脑膜瘤的MRI诊断及分型

【摘要】目的：分析囊性脑膜瘤的MRI诊断、分型及其对于手术的指导价值。方法：搜集本院2015年7月-2018年1月收治的20例囊性脑膜瘤患者的临床、MRI及手术资料，采用Rengachary分型、Nauta分型及Worthington提出的NautaⅤ型进行分析及总结。结果：20例患者中最多见的发病部位为大脑凸面（11/20），其中13例为Rengachary瘤内型，7例为Rengachary瘤周型；NautaⅠ型6例，NautaⅡ型7例，NautaⅣ型6例，无NautaⅢ型病例，其中1例为NautaⅤ型；头颅MRI示病灶以不同比例囊实性成份组成，实性成份在T1上为等或稍低信号，在T2上呈等或稍高信号，囊性成份在T1上为低信号，T2上呈高信号，增强扫描病灶的实性成份明显强化，囊性成份未见强化，囊壁17例强化（Ⅰ型6例，Ⅱ型7例，Ⅳ型3例，Ⅴ型1例），3例无强化（Ⅳ型3例）。手术中均完整的切除了囊壁，术后病理证实囊壁强化的17例中有2例不含肿瘤细胞（Ⅳ型），囊壁无强化的3例中，1例含有肿瘤细胞（Ⅳ型）。术后随访8例，无复发。结论：囊性脑膜瘤少见，术前正确的诊断及MRI分型对手术方案的选择有重要的指导意义。     

不典型脑膜瘤的MR表现

目的 探讨不典型脑膜瘤的MR表现,以期提高对其的认识和术前诊断准确率.方法 收集经手术病理证实的不典型脑膜瘤12例,均行MRI平扫及增强扫描.结果 多发脑膜瘤2例,侧脑室脑膜瘤2例,完全钙化性脑膜瘤2例,囊性脑膜瘤3例,恶性脑膜瘤3例.结论 仔细寻找肿瘤的脑外生长征象,是不典型脑膜瘤定位诊断的重要依据.充分认识脑膜瘤的不典型MR表现对定性诊断有重要的补充作用.     

儿童髓母细胞瘤的MRI诊断

目的探讨儿童髓母细胞瘤的MR I表现特点。方法收集经手术证实的髓母细胞瘤22例,其中男13例,女9例,年龄3~13岁。所有病例均行MR I平扫与增强扫描,并对其临床MR I表现进行回顾性分析。结果肿块位于小脑蚓部17例,位于小脑半球2例,位于第四脑室内3例,肿瘤内发生囊变10例。MR I扫描T1W I呈等或稍低信号,T2W I呈等或稍高信号,增强扫描呈中等或明显强化,2例沿脑脊液播散。MR I对儿童髓母细胞瘤的定位准确率为95.5%,定性准确率达90.9%。结论MR I能提供肿瘤浸润的范围、继发改变及其与周围组织的关系,还能够做出明确的定位与定性诊断,此外,MR I还对髓母细胞瘤沿脑脊液种植转移的诊断具有重要诊断价值。     

侧脑室内脑膜瘤的CT和MRI诊断

目的分析侧脑室内脑膜瘤的CT和MRI表现,以提高诊断准确性。方法回顾性分析8例手术病理证实的侧脑室内脑膜瘤的CT和MRI资料。结果肿瘤呈圆形或分叶状软组织肿块,CT平扫多呈稍高或高密度,MRI多表现为T1WI等信号、T2WI等高信号,除1例因肿瘤坏死致信号和强化不均匀外,余7例肿瘤密度、信号及强化较均匀;周围脑组织可见不同程度水肿。1例肿瘤稍向周围脑组织呈浸润性生长,病理诊断为恶性脑膜瘤。结论侧脑室内脑膜瘤的CT、MRI表现具有一定的特征性,结合临床资料可提高诊断准确性。     

脑室内脑膜瘤的影像学表现及其病理基础

目的探讨脑室内脑膜瘤影像学特征及其病理基础。方法通过回顾性分析经手术病理证实的11例脑室内脑膜瘤的CT、MRI表现,总结其影像学特征及其病理基础。结果本组11例患者,其中8例位于侧脑室,3例位于三脑室。除1例与瘤周脑组织分界不清、浸润性生长、水肿较明显外,余肿瘤呈不规则形分叶状(7例)或类圆形(3例)、边界较清,相应脑室不同程度扩大,邻近脑实质轻度水肿。MRI表现为T1WI等(2例)或稍低信号(9例),T2WI表现为等、稍高或混杂高信号,增强扫描呈显著不均匀强化。CT平扫表现为均匀或不均匀略高密度影。结论脑室内脑膜瘤的影像学表现具有特征性,MRI结合CT能较好地显示肿瘤的病理解剖特征。     

MRI对侧脑室肿瘤的鉴别诊断

目的 提高MRI对侧脑室不同肿瘤的鉴别诊断水平.方法 搜集侧脑室不同肿瘤22例,其中脑膜瘤6例,星形细胞瘤3例,室管膜瘤2例,中枢神经细胞瘤2例,脉络丛乳头状瘤、少突胶质细胞瘤、室管膜下巨细胞型星形细胞瘤、生殖细胞瘤及肠源性囊肿各1例,转移瘤4例,回顾性分析其MRI表现及其临床特点.结果 本组中所有脑膜瘤及脉络丛乳头状瘤均发生于侧脑室三角部,全部中枢神经细胞瘤(2例)、室管膜下巨细胞型星形细胞瘤(1例)均发生于室间孔区及侧脑室前部;6例脑膜瘤及4例转移瘤均发生于30岁以上,1例脉络丛乳头状瘤7岁,2例中枢神经细胞瘤年龄分别为23岁、24岁.6例脑膜瘤增强后呈明显均匀强化,2例中枢神经细胞瘤内可见多发囊变区,其中1例可见多发流空血管影,1例少突胶质细胞瘤内可见多发钙化灶,1例(1/3)星形细胞瘤可见瘤内出血.结论 侧脑室肿瘤的MRI表现特点为其鉴别诊断的重要依据,肿瘤部位、发病年龄特征对于鉴别诊断也有一定参考价值.     

Magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted images of cystic meningioma: correlating with histopathology

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cystic meningiomas are quite rare, accounting for between 2% and 4% of all intracranial meningiomas. To better understand all the types of cystic meningiomas with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and histopathology, we attempted to correlate the MRI and DWI features of cystic meningiomas with the histopathological findings. METHODS: We collected 15 cases of cystic meningiomas diagnosed between 1993 and 2000 (5 men and 10 women, 41-80 years old). Fifteen patients had conventional MRI and 14 patients had CT scan. DWI was also performed in three patients. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images were also done. In the classification of cystic meningiomas, we adopted Worthington's classification, which divides cystic meningiomas into five groups. RESULTS: Tumor resection was performed in all patients. Tumor locations were as follows: convexity (10), falx (2), pterion (2) and lateral ventricle (1). Regarding the types of cystic lesion, type I (3), type II (3), type III (3), type IV (1) and type V (5) were found. Histopathologically, there were six atypical, four meningothelial, two malignant, one fibroblastic, one angiomatous and one transitional. Intratumoral cystic meningiomas were more common in atypical types. Peritumoral cystic meningiomas were more common in meningothelial and atypical types. The cystic portion of the three cystic meningiomas was hypointense or mildly hyperintense on DWI. ADC ratio (ADCR) of DWI for cyst part of two type I cystic meningiomas was 1.25 and 0.82; for cyst part of one type III was 4.04. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to recognize the neuroimaging features of the cystic meningiomas. Conventional MRI and DWI may play an important role in the preoperative radiological evaluation and the recognition of these types of cysts for proper surgical treatment.     

Cystic meningioma: A case report with a literature review

Cystic meningiomas are very rare tumors of the central nervous system. We report the case of a 62-year-old female how presented headaches resistant to usual analgesics with behavior disorders. Cerebral CT scan showed a right frontal extra-axial tumor with firm and cystic component, brain MRI evoked the diagnosis, surgery removed the entire tumor and histological examination confirmed it. A cystic meningioma should not be omitted from the differential diagnosis of brain tumors with a cystic component and which clinical, radiological, histological and therapeutic features are discussed.     

质子磁共振波谱在脑肿瘤中的应用研究

目的 研究脑肿瘤质子磁共振波谱的不同表现及其临床应用价值。材料与方法 搜集行质子磁共振波检查并经病理追踪证实的65例脑肿瘤患者,其中Ⅰ-Ⅱ级星形细胞瘤12例,Ⅲ级星形细胞瘤6例,成胶质细胞瘤8例,胶质瘤术后复发4例,脑膜瘤9例,转移瘤17例,神经鞘瘤4例,垂体瘤4例,表皮样囊肿1例;对侧正常相应部位作为自身对照组20例。观察定点分辨选择波谱（PRESS）采集N－乙酰天门冬氨酸（STEAM）对脂质（Lip)、丙氨酸（ Ala)等短T2代谢物的显示。结果 同对照组比较脑肿瘤NAA有不同程度下降（P＜0．05）;脑外肿瘤NAA低于脑内肿瘤,脑膜瘤NAA／Cr,NAA/Cho比Ⅲ级星形细胞瘤低（P＜0．05）;NAA减少在肿瘤中心明显;在肿瘤坏死区及术后残腔几乎测不到NAA。胶质瘤实体部分Cho信号增加（P＜0．005）;成胶质细胞瘤Cho/Cr比Ⅰ－Ⅱ级星形细胞瘤高（P＜0．05）;4例肿瘤复发Cho明显升高。约21．5％的肿瘤显示Lac峰,其中高级别胶质瘤坏死区和术后残腔8例,表皮样囊肿1例,神经鞘瘤囊变区2例,肿瘤水肿区3例。约21％的未经治疗的胶质瘤出现Lip信号;转移瘤9例,脑外肿瘤11例有不同程度的Lip显示。胶质瘤Cr正常和明显减少各半,脑膜瘤Cr低或缺乏。Ala在9例脑膜瘤中有2例显示。结论 ^1HNMRS是研究脑肿瘤物质和能量代谢的有效方法,有助于脑肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断,能提供其组织学分级、术后复发、疗效评价等信息。     

复发性脑膜瘤的MRI表现及病理特点研究

目的探讨复发性脑膜瘤的MRI表现及病理特点。资料与方法回顾性分析15例复发性脑膜瘤,对其MRI表现及病理特点进行研究。结果 MRI示复发瘤位于大脑镰旁4例、矢状窦旁1例、蝶骨嵴3例、鞍区3例、小脑幕2例、桥小脑角区1例、枕骨大孔区1例;颅内多发7例,形态不规则或分叶状12例,瘤内囊变坏死8例,脑膜尾征4例,瘤周水肿6例,1例发生C5椎体及椎旁软组织转移;瘤体T1WI为等或稍低信号,T2WI和T2FLAIR为略高信号,增强扫描多为明显的不均匀强化。病理证实:恶性13例,良性2例;连续复发7例;良性肿瘤全切术后,首次复发平均时间为3年,而恶性肿瘤为1.4年,连续复发者首次复发后平均每1～2年肿瘤再次复发;组织学类型改变5例,其中4例从低级别向高级别发展。结论复发性脑膜瘤有独特的MRI表现及病理特点,充分认识并确定其特征性改变,有助于提高诊断的准确率。     

Cystic meningiomas: MR characteristics and surgical correlations.

PURPOSETo describe the MR appearance of cystic meningiomas, and to correlate the MR appearance with the surgical and neuropathologic findings.METHODSEight patients with cysts associated with meningiomas were studied on a 1.5-T MR system. Unenhanced sagittal T1- and axial T2-weighted images were obtained in all patients. Axial and coronal gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced T1-weighted spin-echo images were obtained in seven patients. Additional sagittal T1-weighted spin-echo contrast-enhanced images were obtained in four patients.RESULTSThe cystic components were intratumoral and eccentric in two cases, intraparenchymal in one case, and extraparenchymal (trapped cerebrospinal fluid) in five cases. Cyst wall enhancement was present in two of seven cases performed with intravenous gadopentetate dimeglumine. There was no correlation between cyst signal intensity and cyst content. A preoperative diagnosis of cystic meningioma was possible in all eight cases.CONCLUSIONSMR demonstrates the extradural location of the tumor and its cystic component, correlates well with the surgical presentation and the neuropathologic results, and allows the preoperative diagnosis of cystic meningioma based on the MR findings. Division into three types of cysts aids the neurosurgeon, who must decide whether total resection is feasible. To obtain total resection and reduce the risk of recurrence with an intratumoral cyst, the surgeon must ensure that the plane of resection is in fact between the thin enhancing membrane of the tumor cyst and the adjacent arachnoid. In cases in which the cyst is trapped cerebrospinal fluid or intraparenchymal in location, the cyst wall adjacent to or within the brain parenchyma is not included in the resection.     

Meningiomas with brain edema: radiological characteristics on MRI and review of the literature

OBJECT: Despite their benign characteristics, meningiomas are often accompanied by perifocal brain edema. The aims of this study are to determine what kind of characteristics on magnetic resonance (MR) image are indicative of a meningioma that produces brain edema and to investigate the mechanism responsible for brain edema accompanying meningiomas. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with meningioma were examined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and tumor size, tumor location, shape of tumor margin, peritumoral rim, and signal intensity of tumor on T2-weighted image (T2WI) were compared and correlated with the presence versus absence of brain edema. Surgical histopathology was also examined and correlated with the MRI findings and brain edema. RESULTS: Shape of tumor margin, peritumoral rim, and signal intensity of tumor on T2WI correlated with brain edema on multivariate analyses. CONCLUSION: Invasive pattern of brain-tumor interface and hyperintensity on T2WI were indicative factors of meningiomas producing brain edema.