带线锚钉治疗髌骨下极撕脱粉碎性骨折

目的探讨带线锚钉治疗髌骨下极撕脱粉碎性骨折的手术方法及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2009年10月．2010年5月收治髌骨下极撕脱粉碎性骨折15例，采用带线锚钉固定治疗方法。结果术后患者伤121均一期愈合。随访6个月，3例关节强直，其余12例膝关节功能恢复良好。结论使用带线锚钉治疗髌骨下极撕脱粉碎性骨折操作简便，所需手术时间短；软组织剥离少，手术创伤小；固定牢固；适合手术后早期功能锻炼；对细小骨块不造成任何损伤，无须二次手术取出。     

髌骨-胫骨结节架桥式固定治疗髌骨下极骨折

目的　探讨髌骨下极骨折的可靠内固定方法。方法　自 1998～ 2 0 0 1年开展髌骨 -胫骨结节架桥式内固定 (以下简称桥式手术 )治疗髌骨下极骨折 2 4例 ,均为新鲜性骨折 ,开放性骨折 2例。结果　手术后平均随访 8个月 ,伤口均一期愈合 ,骨折愈合时间平均 7周 ,优良率达 91.7%。结论　采用桥式手术治疗髌骨下极骨折 ,内固定坚强 ,操作简便 ,骨折愈合快 ;可早期功能锻炼 ,并发症少 ,为髌骨下极粉碎性骨折难以维持复位的病人提供了一种完整保留髌骨的可靠方法     

膝关节后内侧微创入路治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折

目的:探讨膝关节后内侧微创入路结合锚钉固定治疗后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折的疗效.方法:总结我院自2008年1月至2010年1月,对16例后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱性骨折经膝后内侧微创入路行复位和锚钉固定的手术效果.结果:手术时间20～40 min,平均28 min.随访14～36个月,平均18个月,X线片显示所有骨折均复...     

关节镜下带线锚钉与空心拉力螺钉内固定治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折的疗效评价

目的对比分析关节镜下不同内固定方法治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折的疗效,为临床治疗提供参考。方法选取钦州市中医医院骨科2014年5月—2015年7月收治的胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折患者42例为研究对象,随机抽签法分为锚钉组和螺钉组各21例,锚钉组患者行关节镜下带线锚钉治疗,螺钉组患者行关节镜下空心拉力螺钉内固定治疗,观察两组患者术后切口愈合、膝关节功能变化以及膝关节活动范围。结果两组患者术后切口均I期愈合,无感染情况出现。术后均成功获得随访,随访时间1年以上,术后即刻X线检查示骨折复位良好。术后3个月复查骨折均骨性愈合,无患肢功能障碍。术前两组患者膝关节功能评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后膝关节功能评分均显著提高(P0.05),但锚钉组膝关节功能评分(92.97±3.15)与螺钉组(89.94±3.28)差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术前两组患者膝关节活动范围差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后膝关节活动范围显著增加(P0.05),但锚钉组膝关节活动范围(120.6±11.0)与螺钉组(118.5±10.7)差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折关节镜下带线锚钉和空心拉力螺钉内固定治疗均有很好效果,带线锚钉固定无需二次手术取出,操作简单。     

关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折手术效果分析

目的探讨关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折闭合复位内定术的疗效及可行性,为临床治疗后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折患者的方法选择提供参考依据。方法选取2013年8月~2014年8月佛山市中医院三水医院收治的后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折患者40例,随机数字表法分为观察组(n=20)和对照组(n=20)。观察组采用关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折闭合复位内固定术的方法进行治疗;对照组采用传统的以切开复位内固定为主的手段进行治疗,观察比较两组患者术前、术后6周及术后半年患者Lysholm膝关节功能评分等指标的差异,对关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折闭合复位内固定术的疗效进行评价。结果 40例均随访6周~6个月。术后6周,观察组只有1例骨折移位,对照组有5例出现骨折移位。观察组无伤口感染,对照组有1例伤口感染。术后6周观察组Lysholm膝关节功能评分(70.32±2.97)分,对照组Lysholm膝关节功能评分(70.12±1.51)分;术后半年观察组Lysholm膝关节功能评分(85.68±3.11)分,对照组Lysholm膝关节功能评分(72.16±2.51)分。观察组Lysholm膝关节功能评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论关节镜下后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折闭合复位手术能明显提高手术6周后骨折愈合情况,半年后Lysholm膝关节功能评分明显升高,是一种对治疗后交叉韧带止点撕脱性骨折比较成熟的手术方法,具有实际意义。     

空心钉结合锚钉与空心钉单独固定治疗胫骨后交叉韧带止点撕脱骨折对比研究

目的 比较空心钉结合锚钉与空心钉单独固定治疗胫骨后交叉韧带(PCL)止点撕脱骨折的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月—2020年1月在北京市垂杨柳医院骨科接受诊治的28例胫骨PCL止点撕脱骨折患者的临床资料.行膝关节后内侧入路空心钉结合锚钉固定治疗的14例患者设为观察组,男性7例,女性7例;年龄20～65岁,平均33.8岁;运动损伤4例,道路交通伤10例.行膝关节后内侧入路空心钉治疗的14例患者设为对照组,男性8例,女性6例;年龄20～65岁,平均34.7岁;运动损伤3例,道路交通伤11例.比较两组手术指标、膝关节各功能、关节渗液、下肢静脉血栓、螺钉与锚钉松动等并发症发生情况.结果 术后9个月,两组美国膝关节协会(AKS)评分及Lysholm评分均明显高于术前,且观察组明显高于对照组[(191.24±2.29)分vs.(181.26±1.56)分,P＜0.05;(92.28±3.29)分vs.(88.02±3.32)分,P＜0.05.两组手术时间、术中出血量以及骨折愈合时间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).观察组并发症发生率明显低于对照组(0vs.14.29％,P＜0.05).结论 采用膝关节后内侧入路空心钉结合锚钉固定治疗的手术方式,可有效提高胫骨PCL止点撕脱骨折患者术后患肢膝关节功能,减少术后并发症发生,且未延长手术时间及骨折愈合时间.     

直切口细克氏针加改良张力带治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折65例

目的探讨直切口细克氏针加改良张力带治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法采用直切口细克氏针加改良张力带治疗65例髌骨粉碎性骨折患者。术后观察骨折愈合时间、X线片关节面平整程度、膝关节功能恢复情况。结果骨折愈合时间平均为85.5 d,X线片示关节面平整度良好,术后关节功能优良率93.8%。结论该术式手术适应证较广、创伤小、固定牢固、疗效确切,是治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折的有效方法。     

镍钛记忆合金聚髌器内固定治疗髌骨骨折的临床研究

目的：探讨镍钛记忆合金髌骨爪治疗髌骨骨折的临床应用与术后功能锻炼。方法：线性骨折采用复位钳复位髌骨,镍钛记忆合金髌骨爪髌骨内固定,粉碎性骨折先行可吸收缝合线环形荷包缝合固定髌骨后行髌骨爪髌骨内固定。结果：135例术后视骨折程度术后是否给予石膏托外固定,术后第2 d练习股四头肌锻炼,术后1周进行膝关节伸屈活动,术后2周扶拐下地行走。结论：镍钛记忆合金髌骨爪治疗髌骨骨折,周围组织刺激少、手术操作简单、骨折复位好、骨折愈合快、可早期恢复关节功能、避免髌骨切除,值得推广。     

可吸收螺钉在骨折内固定术中的应用

目的：探讨可吸收螺钉在骨折内固定术中的应用技术和疗效。方法：自2002年1月～2004年10月应用国产聚—DL—乳酸可吸收螺钉行股骨头骨折、髌骨骨折、膝关节叉韧带撕脱性骨折和踝关节骨折40例。结果：随访40例,时间3个月至12个月,固定可靠,骨折均为一期愈合,无不良反应。结论：可吸收螺钉内固定治疗近关节松质骨骨折疗效可靠。     

分体式聚髌器结合空心钉内固定治疗粉碎性髌骨骨折

目的探讨分体式聚髌器结合空心钉内固定治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法 2008～2011年间主要采用分体式聚髌器结合空心钉方法治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折35例,以及单独采用分体式聚髌器治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折30例纳入本研究。共65例均为髌骨粉碎性骨折,手术时间均在伤后2周内,受伤后6h内送入院或者开放性骨折患者均行急诊手术处理。术后随访中根据临床疗效评价采用胥少汀式髌骨张力带术后评价标准,经X线及CT检查髌骨关节面光滑程度和膝关节功能恢复状况进行评估。结果所有患者随访6个月～3年发现,采用分体式聚髌器结合空心钉方法治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折35例中,优32例,良3例,中0例,差0例,优等率达91.4%;单独采用分体式聚髌器治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折30例中,优22例,良6例,中2例,差0例,优等率达73.3%。术后均无感染、再移位、内固定松动移位、骨断端坏死、骨赘增生等并发症。在髌骨粉碎性骨折治疗优良率方面,分体式聚髌器结合空心钉内固定高于单独使用分体式聚髌器内固定。结论采用分体式聚髌器结合空心钉方法治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折的临床效果较单独采用分体式聚髌器满意,值得推广应用。     

Medial patellofemoral ligament avulsion injury at the patella: classification and clinical outcome

Purpose

To define medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) injury characteristics at the patellar attachment and clinical outcome in patients with primary traumatic patellar dislocation and MPFL avulsion injury at the patella.

Methods

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to assess patients with primary (first-time) patellar dislocation and MPFL injury at the medial margin of the patella. Fifty-six patients with patellar attachment MPFL injury were enrolled in the study. Thirteen patients underwent surgical fixation of the avulsed MPFL and patellar medial margin osteochondral fracture, and the remaining patellar MPFL injures were treated nonoperatively. Forty-four patients were evaluated clinically at median four (range 1–10) years after patellar dislocation. The follow-up included evaluation of recurrent patellar instability, subjective symptoms, and functional limitations.

Results

Three types of patellar MPFL injuries were found; type P₀ with ligamentous disruption at the patellar attachment, type P₁ with bony avulsion fracture from the medial margin of the patella, and type P₂ with bony avulsion involving articular cartilage from the medial facet of the patella. Of the patellar MPFL avulsion injuries that underwent initial surgical fixation, two patients (2/13) reported an unstable patella at follow-up. Fifty-five per cent (17/31) of patellar MPFL avulsion injuries that were treated nonoperatively had recurrent patellar instability (n.s.). The median Kujala score was 90 for patellar avulsion with surgical fixation and 86 for patellar avulsion without surgical fixation (n.s.).

Conclusion

Patellar attachment MPFL injury showed three different patterns, classified as types P₀, P₁, and P₂. MRI can be used to assess the injury pattern. Patellar MPFL avulsion injuries do not benefit from acute surgical repair compared with nonsurgical treatment. Type P₂ patellar MPFL avulsion includes an osteochondral fracture that may require surgical fixation.

Level of evidence

Prognostic study, Level III.     

Biomechanical comparison of three techniques for fixation of tibial avulsion fractures of the anterior cruciate ligament

Purpose

To evaluate the initial stability of a suture anchor fixation and to compare this with a screw fixation and pull-out suture fixation for anterior cruciate ligament tibial avulsion fracture.

Methods

The initial fixation strength of 3 different fixation techniques, antegrade cannulated screw fixation, pull-out suture fixation with Ethibond and bioabsorbable knotless suture anchor fixation, was evaluated. Using 14 fresh cadavers (28 knees), the strength to failure, initial displacement and mode of failure were measured.

Results

The strength to failure of the suture anchor fixation was not significantly different from that of the screw fixation and was higher than that of the pull-out suture fixation. The initial displacement of the suture anchor fixation was lower than that of the screw fixation and the pull-out suture fixation. The majority of the suture anchor fixations and the screw fixations were failed by pull-out from the bone. Eight of the 56 suture anchor fixations failed by pull-out of the suture from the ligament proper. And, one of the 7 screw fixations failed due to fracture of the avulsed bony fragment. All of the pull-out suture fixations failed by suture material rupture.

Conclusions

These biomechanical results suggest that the initial fixation strength of suture anchor fixation was not less than that of screw fixation or pull-out suture fixation. And, the initial displacement of suture anchor fixation was lower than that of screw fixation or pull-out suture fixation. The suture anchor fixation appears to be a good alternative fixation technique for repair of anterior cruciate ligament tibial avulsion fracture.     

Simultaneous patellar tendon avulsion fracture from both patella and tibial tuberosity: a case report

We present a simultaneous patella tendon avulsion fracture from both sides of its attachment in an ectopic ossified patellar tendon. Medially two thirds of the patellar tendon was detached from the inferior patella, and laterally one third of that from anterior tibial tuberosity with the patellar tendon split. Osteosynthesis was used to restore the extensor mechanism of the knee. The result at 46 months was good, even though there were some remaining ectopic ossifications in the patellar tendon.     

Recurrent patellar dislocation after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction

We report on three cases of recurrent lateral patellar dislocation following a medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for patellar instability. In all three cases, an isolated MPFL reconstruction was performed with a double autogenous gracilis graft. The patellar fixation was done through bone tunnels. All three patients presented with a definite moderate to severe traumatic episode resulting in a recurrent patella dislocation and a transverse avulsion fracture at the medial rim of the patella. All three were treated by an open reduction and internal fixation with good results. No complication or recurrent dislocations occurred. We suggest that this complication is caused by the original underlying pathology such as dysplastic trochlea, abnormal TT–TG, patella alta and hyperlaxity, resulting a greater reliance upon the reconstructed MPFL for patellar stability. When subjected to a severe stress, the graft, which is stronger and stiffer than the original MPFL, will cause a fracture through the medial edge of the patella. This weak area results from the previous drill holes, which act as stress risers.     

关节镜下“8”字缝线与带线锚钉治疗胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折的效果比较

目的比较关节镜下胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折"8"字缝线与带线锚钉固定两种方法的疗效。方法笔者收集2007年1月~2013年9月收治的52例胫骨髁间棘骨折患者,均为Meyers-MckeeverⅡ型、Ⅲ型的患者,28例行"8"字缝线固定(A组),包括男性21例,女性7例;平均年龄24岁;24例行带线锚钉固定(B组),包括男性19例,女性5例;平均年龄22岁。比较两组伸膝功能、屈膝功能、关节稳定性及Lysholm关节功能评分。结果术后平均随访9.2个月。A组与B组伸膝功能有统计学差异(P=0.040.05),两组屈膝功能、关节稳定性及Lysholm关节功能评分无统计学差异。结论关节镜下"8"字缝线固定治疗胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折的疗效优于带线锚钉固定。     

儿童髌骨套状骨折的X线特点

目的 探讨儿童髌骨套状骨折的X线表现特点.方法 对11例儿童髌骨套状骨折的X线表现和临床资料进行回顾性分析,评价髌骨套状骨折的X线特征.结果 11例儿童髌骨套状骨折中,X线平片表现为关节肿胀11例、髌骨移位9例、髌股关节间隙增宽5例、髌骨上下极边缘毛糙或游离小斑状、蛋壳状骨片11例.1例儿童髌骨下极套状骨折初诊X线平片未显示骨折片,15 d后复诊时蛋壳样的撕脱骨折片可清晰显示.结论 儿童髌骨套状骨折X线表现具有特征性.     

Is impingement the cause of jumper's knee? Dynamic and static magnetic resonance imaging of patellar tendinitis in an open-configuration system

BACKGROUND: Chronic overload is considered the main cause of patellar tendinitis, but it has been postulated that impingement of the inferior patellar pole against the patellar tendon during knee flexion could be responsible. HYPOTHESIS: The role of the patellar pole in patellar tendinitis can be determined by dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. STUDY DESIGN: Case-control study. METHODS: We compared 19 knees with patellar tendinitis and 32 asymptomatic knees of age-matched subjects using an open-configuration magnetic resonance imaging system. Dynamic sagittal images were obtained from full extension to 100 degrees of flexion with and without activation of the quadriceps muscle. The following measurements were made from the images: tendon-patella angle, anteroposterior diameter of the tendon, signal difference-to-noise ratio, the shape of the inferior patellar pole, and the location of the patellar tendon insertion. RESULTS: The tendon-patella angle was not significantly different between groups at any flexion angle, with or without quadriceps muscle activation. The insertion site of the patellar tendon differed significantly but not the shape of the inferior pole of the patella. The volume and the signal difference-to-noise ratio of zones of increased intratendinous signal as well as the anteroposterior diameter of the proximal patellar tendon were increased in symptomatic knees. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between the patella and the patellar tendon was identical in both groups; therefore, chronic overload seems to be a major cause of patellar tendinitis.     

Bifocal osseous avulsion of the patellar tendon from the distal patella and tibial tuberosity in a child

This case report describes a 12-year-old boy, who suffered an injury to the right knee in a skateboard accident. Radiographs and surgery confirmed the extremely rare bifocal avulsion fracture including the distal patellar pole and tibial tuberosity. Open reduction and internal fixation was accomplished, and 4-month follow-up demonstrated a good outcome.     

Anatomical study of the inferior patellar pole and patellar tendon

In this study, detailed investigations into the shape of the inferior patellar pole, the site of the patellar tendon attachment, and the length and course of the patellar tendon were performed with the aim of examining the anatomical factors involved in the developmental mechanism of patellar tendinitis. The investigation examined 100 legs from 50 cadavers. The inferior patellar pole was classified into three types: pointed, intermediate, and blunt. The attachment of the patellar tendon to the inferior patellar pole was classified into two types: an anterior and a posterior. The length of the patellar tendon was measured from the tibial tuberosity to the inferior patellar pole. The pointed type was seen in 57% of legs, the intermediate type in 21%, and the blunt type in 22%. Twenty‐one legs were the pointed type, as well as the anterior type. The patellar tendon was significantly shorter with the posterior type than with the anterior type. The blunt type also had a significantly shorter patellar tendon than the pointed type. In legs that were both the pointed type and the anterior type, the inferior patellar pole and the proximal posterior surface of the patellar tendon impinged during knee flexion due to the posterior tilt of the patella, suggesting the possibility that this may induce damage. With the posterior type and blunt type, on the other hand, the possibility of strong tensile stress on the tendon fibers of the posterior facet of the inferior patellar pole was suggested.