妊娠中晚期心电图短P-R间期临床分析

<正>为进一步探讨中晚期正常妊娠妇女心电图P-R间期缩短的临床意义,我们观察了757例,现将结果报告如下。1对象与方法1.1对象选择2010年6—12月在本院孕周为28~40     

飞行人员心电图短P-R间期16例分析

飞行人员常规心电图检查中偶可发现PLR间期缩短，我们结合1995年1月～2004年12月临床体检资料对其作一分析。     

影响高原新兵心理健康状况因素分析

高原作为一种特殊的地理环境,具有特殊的气压及环境气候特点,如：空气稀薄、寒冷、风大、干燥和日光辐射强。一般来说,当平原地区的人员进入这种艰苦、高寒、缺氧的环境时,均需要一个适应的过程,初人高原地区的新兵也不例外,对高原新兵进行心理卫生及高原病防治等知识的普及和宣传,可以明显提高新兵的心理健康水平和适应高原环境的能力。     

高原新兵集训期训练伤调查分析

目的　了解高原地区集训期新兵训练伤的发生情况 ,研究集训期新兵训练伤的防治措施。方法　连续 3年对驻西藏海拔 30 0 0～ 330 0m地区新兵集训期间军事训练损伤情况进行调查 ,对训练伤的发生、分布、损伤发生率、损伤部位、损伤类型、致伤科目、致伤因素等结合高原地区特点进行分析。结果　集训期新兵训练伤发生率较高 ,受伤部位以四肢为主 ,软组织损伤最多。结论　科学训练、合理安排、提高新兵个人素质、改善训练场地设施 ,是减少训练伤发生的关键措施     

高原新兵集训致阑尾炎189例分析

2005年12月~2007年3月,我们共收治高原新兵集训致急性阑尾炎189例,经手术治疗,疗效满意。现分析报告如下。1临床资料1.1一般情况189例中,男175例,女14例;年龄16~20岁,平均18.8岁。1.2治疗方法本组病例均采取手术治疗,其中急性化脓穿孔性阑尾炎8例和阑尾周围脓肿2例,采用甲硝唑局部冲洗腹腔,并于右髂窝放置引流管,于3~5天拔管。术后主要对症治疗。1.3结果189例全部治愈,其中急性单纯性阑尾炎97例和急性化脓性阑尾炎82例,于7~9天拆线出院,均未发生其他并发症;急性化脓穿孔性阑尾炎8例及阑尾周围脓肿2例,行急诊手术或择期手术,其中并发肠梗阻8例,经保守治疗或再次手术治疗后全部治愈。2讨论我们认为,高原地区新兵集训期间急性阑尾炎高发的主要原因:(1)在海拔3000m高原缺氧环境下,从内地进藏的新兵短期内机体对环境、气候不适应,睡眠不佳,抵抗力降低,细菌易侵入引发急性炎症。(2)新兵集训期间训练运动量大、时间长,运动后通常缺乏恢复性训练,分配至运动肌肉的血液不能及时回至胃肠道。另外,运动与进餐间隔时间短,容易引起胃肠道功能紊乱,阑尾反射性痉挛收缩,加之高原缺氧,阑尾组织缺血缺氧更为严重...     

急进高原新兵的尿液分析结果调查

本调研采用尿液自动分析仪结合显微镜复检,对747例急进高原的新兵的尿液进行了分析,探讨高原反应对新兵身体的影响。 1 对象和方法     

高原新兵集训致阑尾炎高发临床分析

目的：分析高原新兵集训期间高发阑尾炎的特点、发病原因、治疗及预后，并提出预防新兵集训期阑尾炎的可行性建议。方法：采集2004～2007年新兵训练期间收治的新兵急性阑尾炎病189例，进行回顾性分析。结果：本组189例新兵集训期阑尾炎，均经急诊手术或择期手术治愈，有并发症者经保守治疗或再次手术的治疗而痊愈。结论：集训新兵在高原缺氧环境下，由于高强度训练及训练时间安排不合理，导致胃肠道功能紊乱，加上饮食习惯改变、诊治不及时，使集训新兵急性阑尾炎呈现高发及病情急、病情重的特点。可通过高原科学适应性训练、逐步改变饮食习惯，及时诊治等措施，减少集训新兵急性阑尾炎的发病。     

高原世居藏族健康成人心率及心率变异性分析

目的：对高原世居藏族健康成人进行心率及心率变异时域分析,研究高原世居藏族的心率特点。方法：对100例高原世居藏族健康成人、75例西宁地区藏族健康成人和100例西宁地区汉族健康成人进行全程24小时动态心电图检查,分析心率指标（24小时总心搏数、24小时最小心率、24小时最大心率和每分平均心率）和心率变异性（Heartrate variability,HRV）时域指标（SDNN、SDANN、SDNNIdex、RMSSD和PNN50％）。结果：高原世居藏族健康成人心率指标：24小时总心搏数、24小时最大心率、每分平均心率均低于西宁地区藏、汉族健康成人。高原世居藏族健康成人的心率变异时域指标RMSSD、PNN50％高于西宁地区藏、汉族健康成人。结论：高原世居藏族健康成人心率偏慢,世居藏族迷走神经活性略高。     

进藏新兵高原适应性调查报告

１９９７年１２月,武警西藏总队招收新兵空运进藏。为了解新兵进藏后的高原适应能力,我们１９９７年１２月和１９９８年３月对进驻拉萨（海拔３６５８ｍ）集训的新兵作了抽样调查。现报告如下。１对象和方法１１调查对象随机抽样调查进藏新兵×××名。第１次调查为新...     

心理干预对高原新兵的心理状态的影响

目的：探索危机心理干预对进入高原新兵心理的影响。方法：792名入藏新兵为研究对象,随机分成干预组及对照组,在新兵入拉萨前后对干预组实施心理干预。填写SCL-90症状自评量表。结果;心理干预对入藏新兵的心理状态有改善作用。结论：危机心理干预法是防治进入高原人员心理疾病的重要方法。     

空降兵新兵跳伞心理应激水平与心率变异性的相关性分析

目的探讨空降兵新兵跳伞心理应激状况与心率变异性的关系。方法参加跳伞训练的新兵30名,跳伞前进行SCL-90症状自评量表测评,并记录分析跳伞前安静状态下30min的心电信号,与跳伞后1个月平时状态下的测量结果进行对照分析。结果与平时比较,跳伞前SCL-90症状自评量表强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性等因子分及总分明显升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。心率变异性指标SDNN变化率与自评量表因子＂焦虑＂、＂恐怖＂评分变化率呈负相关,RMSSD变化率与因子＂强迫＂、＂焦虑＂、＂精神病性＂评分变化率以及HFNU变化率与＂焦虑＂、＂精神病性＂评分变化率也都呈负相关,LFNU变化率与＂焦虑＂、＂精神病性＂评分变化率呈正相关。结论空降兵跳伞前心理应激水平与心率变异性密切相关,提示心率变异性指标对评估跳伞前心理应激水平具有重要价值。     

内地及西藏高原飞行前后血氧饱和度和脉搏的变化

为了解高原飞行训练对血氧饱和度和脉搏的影响，对3批共36名歼击机飞行员转场西藏前后进行跟踪检查，结果如下。     

Intermittent pneumatic compression changes heart rate recovery and heart rate variability after short term submaximal exercise in collegiate basketball players: a cross-over study

Sport Sciences for Health - The aim of the study is to assess the effect of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) on heart rate recovery and heart rate variability (HRV) after submaximal aerobic...     

T-wave and heart rate variability changes to assess training in world-class athletes

PURPOSE: A decrease of electrocardiographic T-wave voltage with increasing training loads has been reported in elite endurance athletes and ascribed to training-related adaptation in sympathetic activity to the ventricles. A switch from vagal to sympathetic predominance in sino-atrial node regulation on going from low to peak training load has been reported in world-class rowers. In this study on world-class endurance athletes, we tested the hypothesis that training-induced variations in T-wave amplitude at higher training loads are paralleled by changes in HR spectral profile. METHODS: We studied eight male rowers of the Italian national team in the season culminating with the Rowing World Championship. Athletes were evaluated at 50 and 100% of training load, approximately 20 d before the World Championship, and during the World Championship, when the intensity was markedly reduced. We assessed T-wave maximum amplitude in chest lead V6 and cardiac autonomic regulation by power spectral analysis of R-R interval variability. RESULTS: The increase in training load from 50 to 100% was accompanied by a significant decrease in high frequency and a significant increase in low-frequency R-R variability (in normalized units) with a concomitant significant decrease in T-wave amplitude (microV). Reduction in training load during the World Championship resulted in a return of spectral profile to the level observed at 50% training load and in a partial recovery of T-wave amplitude. HR did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS: In high-performance world-class athletes, training load simultaneously affects both ventricular repolarization and HR variability patterns possibly through variations in cardiac sympathetic modulation to the ventricles and the sino-atrial node. Information on concomitant changes in ventricular repolarization and autonomic cardiac regulation might be employed to tailor training protocols of elite athletes.     

Training induced changes in maximum heart rate

The present study aimed to examine maximum heart rate (HRmax) in elite athletes. 130 (68 male, 23.2 +/- 4.8 years, 62 female, 21.0 +/- 5.1 years) endurance trained athletes, 40 (24 male, 24.0 +/- 5.6 years, 16 female, 22.8 +/- 4.6 years) anaerobically trained athletes, and 95 (39 male, 24.8 +/- 4.8 years, 56 female, 23.0 +/- 4.8 years) sedentary participants entered the study. All participants undertook a standard ramp protocol to volitional exhaustion to establish HRmax. Significant differences in HRmax were identified due to mode of exercise (p < 0.001) and gender (p = 0.001). The mean HRmax for the three modes of exercise were; aerobic 190.3 (SEE = 0.66), anaerobic 190.1 (SEE = 1.12) and sedentary 194.8 (SEE = 0.73) beats . min (-1) estimated at the average age of 23.1 years. The slope parameter for age varied between genders, the beta slope for females being significantly more negative than male subjects (- 1.1 beats . min (-1) . year (-1) vs. - 0.55 beats . min (-1) . year (-1), respectively). The predictive HRmax equation for male athletes was HRmax = 202 - 0.55 x age, and for female athletes it was HRmax = 216 - 1.09 x age. HRmax is similar between aerobically and anaerobically trained athletes. HRmax is significantly lower in athletes compared with age matched sedentary counterparts. The mechanisms underlying the lower HRmax remain to be elucidated.     

高原飞行对高性能战斗机飞行员心率和呼吸频率的影响

目的 观察高原飞行对飞行员生理参数和飞行劳动负荷的影响. 方法 13名健康男性高性能战斗机飞行员,分2批进驻高原,第1批(8名)进驻高原时间3个月,第2批(5名)进驻时间1周,对飞行前心率进行检测,并与其在原驻地心率进行比较;测量4类课目(警巡、空战、夜航、高原首次试飞)共25架次飞行中的生理参数,分析心率及呼吸频率的变化. 结果 ①2批次飞行员 高原驻训期间,飞行前心率高于原驻地飞行前心率(t=5.447、3.269,P＜0.05).②飞行员不同阶段和课目的心率差异有统计学意义(F=9.831～204.906,P＜0.01);4个课目飞行准备、滑行起飞、近进和着陆阶段的心率均显著高于平飞阶段(P＜0.01);除安静状态外,高原首次试飞各阶段心率显著高于其他课目(P＜0.01).③不同课目、不同飞行阶段的呼吸频率差异有统计学意义(F=1.971～～140.035,P＜0.01);空战、夜航、高原首次试飞着陆滑行阶段呼吸频率较高(P＜0.01);高原首次试飞各飞行阶段呼吸频率明显高于其他课目(P＜0.05或0.01).④飞行员着陆后使用备用氧,心率明显降低,平均心率降幅为(15.89±6.37)次/min(t=5.580,P＜0.01). 结论 飞行员高原飞行时,生理负荷和飞行劳动负荷较在平原飞行时明显增大.建议飞行员在飞机着陆后不摘除面罩,启用机载备用氧,有助于降低缺氧所致心肺负荷增加.     

急进高原对新兵脑功能的影响

目的 初步探讨急进高原对新兵脑功能的影响.方法 在平原（海拔500 m）和高原（海拔3685 m）对30名空运入藏新兵进行神经行为核心测试组合测试;观察新兵入藏前后神经行为核心测试组合的测试分值和基础生理指标的变化,并对急性高原反应症状进行分析.结果 进入高原后的测试值与平原时比较,数字跨度、目标追踪分值明显下降（P＜0.05）;简单反应时略有增加（P＞0.05）,视觉保留和译码测试分值略有下降（P＞0.05）;提转捷度测试习惯手和非习惯手的分值明显增加（P＜0.05）.新兵进藏后,晨脉显著增快,血氧饱和度显著降低,血压无明显变化.急性高原反应的发病率为13.3%.结论 急进3685 m高原后新兵的及时听觉记忆能力、手部运动的速度及准确性明显下降.     

Acute resistance exercise reduces heart rate complexity and increases QTc interval

Acute resistance exercise (RE) has been shown to reduce cardiac vagal control. Whether this would in turn affect QTc interval (an index of ventricular depolarization/repolarization) or heart rate complexity is not known. Heart rate variability (HRV), heart rate complexity (SampEn), and QT interval (rate corrected using Bazett, Fridericia, Hodges, and Framingham) were measured before and 5 min after an acute RE bout in twelve healthy young men. Normalized high frequency power of HRV (an index of cardiac parasympathetic modulation; HF (nu)), and SampEn were reduced following RE (p < 0.05). Bazett corrected QTc interval increased following RE (p < 0.05). Change in HF (nu) from rest to recovery was correlated with both change in SampEn (r = 0.51, p < 0.05) and change in QTc interval for each method of correction (r = - 0.67 to - 0.70, p < 0.05). Acute RE reduced HF spectral power of HRV and this was related to both reduced heart rate complexity and increased QTc length. Thus, during recovery from acute RE, there is prolongation of depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles concomitant with reduced cardiac irregularity, and this may be related to a reduction in cardiac vagal control.     

RPE association with lactate and heart rate during high-intensity interval cycling

PURPOSE: Physiological and perceptual measures during interval exercise are not well understood. The current study therefore examined the correspondence between RPE, HR, and blood lactate concentration ([La]) during interval cycling. METHODS: VO2peak and the 4.0 mmol x L(-1) lactate threshold were determined. In session 2, subjects (N = 12) warmed up (10 min, 0 W) and completed five 2-min intervals (INT) at >4 mmol x L(-1) workload, each separated by 3 min of recovery (REC) (60 rpm, 0 W). HR, RPE, and [La] were recorded at 10 min, at the conclusion of each INT, and each REC and 5- and 10-min recovery. RESULTS: Repeated-measures ANOVA showed [La], HR, and RPE increased significantly across time (INT and REC). At each time point, repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare standardized data (alpha = 0.05). RPE (at INT) intensified concurrently with HR and [La] at INT. Correlations were significant for INT (P < or = 0.05) (HR-RPE: r = 0.63, [La]-RPE: r = 0.43). Similarly, RPE and HR for REC systematically increased with [La]. Correlations for REC were also significant (HR-RPE: r = 0.44, [La]-RPE: r = 0.34). Correlations were also significant for INT and REC combined (HR-RPE: r = 0.70, [La]-RPE: r = 0.22). CONCLUSIONS: INT and REC independently showed moderate correspondence for RPE-[La] and RPE-HR. However, tighter overall coupling of HR with RPE (vs [La] with RPE) and a dissociation between RPE-[La] suggest RPE during intervals of intense cycling were more sensitive to acute metabolic demand (evidenced by HR) versus [La].     

基于心率变异性的新兵跳伞训练心理应激研究

目的 以心率变异性指标对跳伞训练新兵的心理应激水平进行客观评估并研究其变化特点.方法 参加跳伞训练的新兵20名,跳伞7次,其中第1次、第4次和第7次跳伞当天佩戴飞行员飞行生理参数记录检测仪动态记录跳伞过程中的心电信号,采用与记录检测仪配套的数据分析系统分析伞兵在驻地、机场、机上的短时程心率变异性.结果 新兵第4次和第7...