复杂胫骨平台骨折的手术疗效观察

目的探讨锁定钢板、LISS钢板治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折方法及疗效。方法将34例复杂胫骨平台骨折手术患者行锁定钢板、LISS钢板固定,观察治疗效果。结果随访时间11～34个月,平均24个月,据HSS膝关节评分法评价疗效,优20例,良12例,中1例,差1例,总体优良率达97%。结论锁定钢板,特别是LISS钢板固定治疗复杂性胫骨骨折,创伤小、固定可靠、功能满意,是一种有效的内固定方法。     

内外侧锁定钢板治疗中老年胫骨平台 SchatzkerⅤ、Ⅵ型骨折疗效观察

目的：通过应用锁定钢板治疗复杂中老年胫骨平台骨折,观察其临床疗效,探讨中老年胫骨平台复杂骨折的治疗方法。方法2009年3月～2012年6月,采用锁定钢板治疗中老年复杂胫骨平台骨折22例,男18例、女4例;年龄40～55岁,平均48岁。骨折按Schazker分型：Ⅴ型13例,Ⅵ型9例。术中取内后侧切口及前外侧切口,于胫骨前外侧及后内侧置入锁定钢板进行内固定。患者术后1个月、3个月,半年及1年常规摄X线片。术后3个月后逐渐完全负重,最后1次随访时按Honkonen-Jarvinen 标准对患者进行评分。结果22例均获随访,时间12～24个月,平均18个月,骨折平均愈合时间5个月。骨折愈合20例,延迟愈合2例。结论锁定钢板治疗中老年复杂胫骨平台骨折提供了持续稳定的固定,防止骨折的Ⅱ期移位和膝关节力线改变,术后膝关节功能恢复满意。     

内外侧锁定钢板治疗中老年胫骨平台SchatzkerⅤ、Ⅵ型骨折疗效观察

目的通过应用锁定钢板治疗复杂中老年胫骨平台骨折,观察其临床疗效,探讨中老年胫骨平台复杂骨折的治疗方法。方法2009年3月～2012年6月,采用锁定钢板治疗中老年复杂胫骨平台骨折22例,男18例、女4例;年龄40～55岁,平均48岁。骨折按Schazker分型：Ⅴ型13例,Ⅵ型9例。术中取内后侧切口及前外侧切口,于胫骨前外侧及后内侧置入锁定钢板进行内固定。患者术后1个月、3个月,半年及1年常规摄x线片。术后3个月后逐渐完全负重,最后1次随访时按Honkonen—Jarvinen标准对患者进行评分。结果22例均获随访,时间12—24个月,平均18个月,骨折平均愈合时间5个月。骨折愈合20例,延迟愈合2例。结论锁定钢板治疗中老年复杂胫骨平台骨折提供了持续稳定的固定,防止骨折的Ⅱ期移位和膝关节力线改变,术后膝关节功能恢复满意。     

胫骨近端锁定钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折32例报告

目的：探讨应用胫骨近端锁定钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折临床疗效。方法：对2005-06～2008-10收治的32例胫骨平台骨折病例用锁定钢板内固定进行回顾性分析。结果：32例随访10～36个月,平均16个月,骨折愈合32例,不愈合0例。膝关节功能参照HSS评分标准,优良率为87.5%。结论：锁定钢板固定可靠,能早期锻炼,是治疗胫骨平台骨折较好的方法。     

单侧钢板治疗Schatzker Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折的疗效分析

目的评价单纯外侧锁定加压钢板或内侧"T"型钢板治疗Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折的疗效。方法回顾分析我院2010年5月～2012年6月收治的29例胫骨平台双髁骨折(Schatzker分型Ⅵ型)临床资料,采用单纯外侧锁定钢板或内侧T型钢板进行手术治疗,其中21例应用单纯外侧锁定加压钢板,8例应用单纯内侧T型钢板。通过对术后功能恢复情况分析探讨内固定疗效。结果随访5～20个月,29例骨折均临床愈合,平均愈合时间约为术后13.5周,骨折对位对线良好,关节面平整,膝关节功能基本正常,未见复位丢失,疗效按美国特种外科医院(HSS)膝关节功能评价标准,优14例,良12例,中3例;优良率89.66%。结论对于大多数Ⅵ型胫骨平台骨折单纯外侧锁定加压钢板或内侧T型钢板能有效固定骨折并获得良好的疗效。     

解剖型锁定钢板治疗胫骨平台骨折32例

目的：探讨解剖型锁定钢板治疗胫骨平台骨折的体会。方法：针对2006～2009年在本院治疗的32例胫骨平台骨折治疗资料分析。结果：本组32例随访6～24个月,综合评价优21例,良8例,可2例,差1例,优良率90.5%。结论：胫骨平台骨折,经解剖复位,应用解剖型锁定钢板牢固内固定治疗,早期功能锻炼是获得满意效果的关键。     

侧后方入路钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台后髁骨折

目的探讨侧后方入路钢板内固定治疗胫骨平台后髁骨折疗效。方法对14例胫骨平台后髁骨折采用后内侧或后外侧入路切开复位钢板内固定治疗,观察其疗效。结果 14例随访12～24个月(平均15.2月),优10例,良3例,可1例。结论采用侧后方入路可充分暴露胫骨后平台后髁,直视下方便复位,结合钢板支撑内固定是治疗胫骨平台后髁骨折的一种有效方法。     

关节镜辅助下双钢板治疗Schatzker V型胫骨平台骨折

目的探讨关节镜辅助下双钢板治疗Schatzker V型胫骨平台骨折的方法及疗效。方法自2009年12月～2011年7月收治Schatzker V型胫骨平台骨折患者12例,其中道路交通伤10例,高处坠落伤2例。所有患者均为闭合性损伤。施行关节镜辅助下双侧锁定钢板有限切开整复内固定治疗术。术后进行随访,Rasmussen膝关节功能评分。结果随访12～24个月,平均16个月。手术时间90～160min(平均120min),骨折愈合时间3～5个月,1例发生骨性关节炎,无感染、深静脉血栓形成及小腿骨筋膜室综合征等并发症发生。采用Rasmussen膝关节功能评分标准评定疗效:优6例,良4例,可2例;优良率为83.3%。结论关节镜辅助下微创治疗Schatzker V型胫骨平台骨折,具有获得良好复位、创伤小、容易处理关节内合并伤、术后功能锻炼早、恢复快、并发症少的优点。     

外固定复位器在复杂胫骨平台骨折中的应用

目的观察外固定复位器在治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折的作用。方法采用外固定器复位有限微创双切口内固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折30例。结果30例均获随访,随访时间为14~30个月,平均20个月,切口均一期愈合,未发生骨折不愈合,按照Lysholm评分标准,优良率为93.33%。结论外固定器复位有限切开内固定治疗复杂胫骨平台骨折复位容易,手术时间短,对膝关节软组织创伤小,固定牢靠能早期进行功能锻炼,是复杂胫骨平台骨折较为理想的治疗方法。     

锁定加压钢板治疗Pilon骨折的疗效探讨

对30例Pilon骨折患者采用腓骨外侧纵行切口,复位后重建钢板或1/3管形固定。胫骨则行切开复位、内固定,将加压钢板及螺钉锁定进行固定。随访10~24个月,平均骨愈合时间为17.1周。23例患者踝关节可正常活动,其余患者轻微活动受限。锁定加压钢板(LCP)内固定在粉碎性Pilon骨折中有显著疗效。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.