局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌术后放疗和化疗的前瞻性研究

Objective To investigate the role of postoperative chemoradiotherapy ( CRT) as a multimodality treatment option for locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by a prospective comparison between surgery alone and postoperative CRT. Methods Using preoperative computed tomography (CT)-based staging criteria, 158 patients with ESCC (stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ) were enrolled in this prospective study. With informed consent, the patients were randomized into two groups: postoperative CRT (78 cases ) and surgery alone (S, 80 cases). After a few minor adjustments to the enrolled patients, the actual patients of postoperative CRT group and S group were 74 cases and 77 cases, respectively. Comparison of the complications, local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate, survival rate and progression-free survival in the two groups was carried out. Results With a median follow-up of 37.5 months, the 1-,3-,5-, 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 91.0% , 62.8%,42.3%,24.4% and 87.5% , 51.3% , 33.8% , 12. 5% for the postoperative CRT and S arm, respectively. A significant difference in OS was detected between the two arms (P =0.0276). There was a significant difference of progression-free survival (PFS) between the two arms (P=0.0136). The local recurrence rates in the postoperative CRT group and S group were 14.9% and 36.4% , respectively (P<0.05). No significant difference was detected between the complications of the two groups ( P > 0. 05). Toxicities of chemoradiotherapy in the postoperative CRT arm were moderate, which can be relieved rapidly by adequate therapy. Conclusion Rational application of postoperative chemoradiotherapy can provide a benefit in progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.     

局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌术后放疗和化疗的前瞻性研究

Objective To investigate the role of postoperative chemoradiotherapy ( CRT) as a multimodality treatment option for locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by a prospective comparison between surgery alone and postoperative CRT. Methods Using preoperative computed tomography (CT)-based staging criteria, 158 patients with ESCC (stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ) were enrolled in this prospective study. With informed consent, the patients were randomized into two groups: postoperative CRT (78 cases ) and surgery alone (S, 80 cases). After a few minor adjustments to the enrolled patients, the actual patients of postoperative CRT group and S group were 74 cases and 77 cases, respectively. Comparison of the complications, local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate, survival rate and progression-free survival in the two groups was carried out. Results With a median follow-up of 37.5 months, the 1-,3-,5-, 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 91.0% , 62.8%,42.3%,24.4% and 87.5% , 51.3% , 33.8% , 12. 5% for the postoperative CRT and S arm, respectively. A significant difference in OS was detected between the two arms (P =0.0276). There was a significant difference of progression-free survival (PFS) between the two arms (P=0.0136). The local recurrence rates in the postoperative CRT group and S group were 14.9% and 36.4% , respectively (P<0.05). No significant difference was detected between the complications of the two groups ( P > 0. 05). Toxicities of chemoradiotherapy in the postoperative CRT arm were moderate, which can be relieved rapidly by adequate therapy. Conclusion Rational application of postoperative chemoradiotherapy can provide a benefit in progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.     

1030例早期乳腺癌术后放疗不同年龄组的预后分析

Objective To analyze the prognostic value of age in patients with early stage breast cancer. Methods The clinical characteristics of 1030 patients with early stage breast cancer (the number of positive axillary lymph nodes was less than 3) were retrospectively reviewed. Of all the patients, 468(stage Ⅰ, n = 227; and stage Ⅱ , n = 241) received breast conserving surgery (BCS) and 562 (stage Ⅰ, n =184; and stage Ⅱ, n= 378) received modified mastectomy. Patients were divided into young-age group (≤35,136 patients), middle-age group (> 35-≤60,738 patients) and old-age group (> 60,156 patients).The number of patients without postoperative radiation therapy after BCS is 16, 60 and 39 in the three groups, respectively. Two-dimensional conventional fractionated radiotherapy was administered. The prognostic value of the tumor size, status of axillary lymph nodes or hormonal receptors, postoperative radiation therapy were analyzed. Results The follow-up rate was 97.86%. Of 795 patients followed up more than 5 years, 110,569 and 116 patients were devided into the three groups, respectively. There were 40, 202 and 87 patients without radiation therapy in the three groups. The 5-year recurrence rates of the three groups were 6. 2%, 8. 7% and 10. 4% (χ2 = 1.14, P= 0.567). The 5-year distant metastasis rates were4.3% , 9.5 % and2. 5% (χ2 = 5.31 , P = 0. 070) . The5 - year survival rates were9l. 2% , 92. 6%and 82. 1% (χ2 = 6. 83, P = 0.033). The young-age group had more tumors smaller than 2. 0 cm (65.4%), less positive axillary lymph nodes (13.2%), poorer differential tumor and less positive hormone acceptors (48.0%). Of patients with tumor larger than 2. 0 cm who had no radiotherapy after BCS, the 5-year survival rates were 94%, 87% and 71% (χ2= 20.69, P= 0.000) in the three groups. The corresponding recurrence rates were 23%, 18% ,7%, (χ2 = 9. 97, P = 0. 007), and distant metastasis rates were23%, 25% and 10% (χ2 =8.51, P=0. 014). Conclusions The age is an important prognostic factor in patients with early stage breast cancer undergoing BCS, but not in those undergoing modified mastectomy.     

1030例早期乳腺癌术后放疗不同年龄组的预后分析

Objective To analyze the prognostic value of age in patients with early stage breast cancer. Methods The clinical characteristics of 1030 patients with early stage breast cancer (the number of positive axillary lymph nodes was less than 3) were retrospectively reviewed. Of all the patients, 468(stage Ⅰ, n = 227; and stage Ⅱ , n = 241) received breast conserving surgery (BCS) and 562 (stage Ⅰ, n =184; and stage Ⅱ, n= 378) received modified mastectomy. Patients were divided into young-age group (≤35,136 patients), middle-age group (> 35-≤60,738 patients) and old-age group (> 60,156 patients).The number of patients without postoperative radiation therapy after BCS is 16, 60 and 39 in the three groups, respectively. Two-dimensional conventional fractionated radiotherapy was administered. The prognostic value of the tumor size, status of axillary lymph nodes or hormonal receptors, postoperative radiation therapy were analyzed. Results The follow-up rate was 97.86%. Of 795 patients followed up more than 5 years, 110,569 and 116 patients were devided into the three groups, respectively. There were 40, 202 and 87 patients without radiation therapy in the three groups. The 5-year recurrence rates of the three groups were 6. 2%, 8. 7% and 10. 4% (χ2 = 1.14, P= 0.567). The 5-year distant metastasis rates were4.3% , 9.5 % and2. 5% (χ2 = 5.31 , P = 0. 070) . The5 - year survival rates were9l. 2% , 92. 6%and 82. 1% (χ2 = 6. 83, P = 0.033). The young-age group had more tumors smaller than 2. 0 cm (65.4%), less positive axillary lymph nodes (13.2%), poorer differential tumor and less positive hormone acceptors (48.0%). Of patients with tumor larger than 2. 0 cm who had no radiotherapy after BCS, the 5-year survival rates were 94%, 87% and 71% (χ2= 20.69, P= 0.000) in the three groups. The corresponding recurrence rates were 23%, 18% ,7%, (χ2 = 9. 97, P = 0. 007), and distant metastasis rates were23%, 25% and 10% (χ2 =8.51, P=0. 014). Conclusions The age is an important prognostic factor in patients with early stage breast cancer undergoing BCS, but not in those undergoing modified mastectomy.     

胸段食管癌切除术患者的预后分析

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors and influence of the number of lymph node metastases on survival and UICC-TNM classification in patients with thoracic esophageal cancer after curative resection. Methods From 1985 to 1990, 1224 patients were surgically treated for thoracic esophageal cancer. The patients who died within 30 days after operation were not included in this study. Fifteen factors possibly influencing survival of these patients were selected and analyzed. A multivariate analysis of these individual variables was performed by Cox proportional hazard model. According to the n, mher of lymph node metastases (0, 1 and ≥ 2), a new modification of the TNM classification was suggested: stage Ⅱ a (T2N0M0 and T3N0M0), stage Ⅱb [T1N1M0 and T2N1 (1) M0], stage Ⅲ a [T2N1 (2)M0 and T3N1 (1)M0] and stage Ⅲ b [T3N1 (2)M0 and T4NanyMO]. Results According to multivariate analysis, lymph node metastases, depth of invasion, location of tumor, histological classification and length of the tumor were of prognostic significance (P < 0.01). There was obvious correlation between the rate of lymph node metastasis and the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with 0, 1 and ≥2 positive metastatic lymph nodes was 59.1%, 32.0% and 8.9%, respectively. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with stage T2N1M0 and stage T3N1M0 was significantly higher in those with only one lymph node involved than in those with two or more lymph nodes involved (43.1% vs. 18.0% and 28.0% vs. 9.6%, P<0.01). The 5-year survival rate of the modified stage Ⅱa, Ⅱb, Ⅲa and Ⅲb was56.5%, 43.9%, 25.6% and 11.1%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference among different stages (P < 0. 01). Conclusion The lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor for thoracic esophageal cancer after resection. The major influencing factors of lymph node metastasis are the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. Therefore, the lymphadenectomy along with esophngectomy and subsequently combined modality therapy against lymph node metastasis is necessary to improve the S-year survival rate. Our proposed new classification based on number of lymph node metastases (0, 1, ≥2 positive nodes) is more applicable because it can well reflect the correlation between lymph node metastasis and the survival, and provides evidence for the modification of the currently used UICC TNM staging system for surgically treated thoracic esophageal cancer.     

胸段食管癌切除术患者的预后分析

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors and influence of the number of lymph node metastases on survival and UICC-TNM classification in patients with thoracic esophageal cancer after curative resection. Methods From 1985 to 1990, 1224 patients were surgically treated for thoracic esophageal cancer. The patients who died within 30 days after operation were not included in this study. Fifteen factors possibly influencing survival of these patients were selected and analyzed. A multivariate analysis of these individual variables was performed by Cox proportional hazard model. According to the n, mher of lymph node metastases (0, 1 and ≥ 2), a new modification of the TNM classification was suggested: stage Ⅱ a (T2N0M0 and T3N0M0), stage Ⅱb [T1N1M0 and T2N1 (1) M0], stage Ⅲ a [T2N1 (2)M0 and T3N1 (1)M0] and stage Ⅲ b [T3N1 (2)M0 and T4NanyMO]. Results According to multivariate analysis, lymph node metastases, depth of invasion, location of tumor, histological classification and length of the tumor were of prognostic significance (P < 0.01). There was obvious correlation between the rate of lymph node metastasis and the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with 0, 1 and ≥2 positive metastatic lymph nodes was 59.1%, 32.0% and 8.9%, respectively. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with stage T2N1M0 and stage T3N1M0 was significantly higher in those with only one lymph node involved than in those with two or more lymph nodes involved (43.1% vs. 18.0% and 28.0% vs. 9.6%, P<0.01). The 5-year survival rate of the modified stage Ⅱa, Ⅱb, Ⅲa and Ⅲb was56.5%, 43.9%, 25.6% and 11.1%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference among different stages (P < 0. 01). Conclusion The lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor for thoracic esophageal cancer after resection. The major influencing factors of lymph node metastasis are the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. Therefore, the lymphadenectomy along with esophngectomy and subsequently combined modality therapy against lymph node metastasis is necessary to improve the S-year survival rate. Our proposed new classification based on number of lymph node metastases (0, 1, ≥2 positive nodes) is more applicable because it can well reflect the correlation between lymph node metastasis and the survival, and provides evidence for the modification of the currently used UICC TNM staging system for surgically treated thoracic esophageal cancer.     

胸段食管癌切除术患者的预后分析

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors and influence of the number of lymph node metastases on survival and UICC-TNM classification in patients with thoracic esophageal cancer after curative resection. Methods From 1985 to 1990, 1224 patients were surgically treated for thoracic esophageal cancer. The patients who died within 30 days after operation were not included in this study. Fifteen factors possibly influencing survival of these patients were selected and analyzed. A multivariate analysis of these individual variables was performed by Cox proportional hazard model. According to the n, mher of lymph node metastases (0, 1 and ≥ 2), a new modification of the TNM classification was suggested: stage Ⅱ a (T2N0M0 and T3N0M0), stage Ⅱb [T1N1M0 and T2N1 (1) M0], stage Ⅲ a [T2N1 (2)M0 and T3N1 (1)M0] and stage Ⅲ b [T3N1 (2)M0 and T4NanyMO]. Results According to multivariate analysis, lymph node metastases, depth of invasion, location of tumor, histological classification and length of the tumor were of prognostic significance (P < 0.01). There was obvious correlation between the rate of lymph node metastasis and the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with 0, 1 and ≥2 positive metastatic lymph nodes was 59.1%, 32.0% and 8.9%, respectively. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with stage T2N1M0 and stage T3N1M0 was significantly higher in those with only one lymph node involved than in those with two or more lymph nodes involved (43.1% vs. 18.0% and 28.0% vs. 9.6%, P<0.01). The 5-year survival rate of the modified stage Ⅱa, Ⅱb, Ⅲa and Ⅲb was56.5%, 43.9%, 25.6% and 11.1%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference among different stages (P < 0. 01). Conclusion The lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor for thoracic esophageal cancer after resection. The major influencing factors of lymph node metastasis are the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. Therefore, the lymphadenectomy along with esophngectomy and subsequently combined modality therapy against lymph node metastasis is necessary to improve the S-year survival rate. Our proposed new classification based on number of lymph node metastases (0, 1, ≥2 positive nodes) is more applicable because it can well reflect the correlation between lymph node metastasis and the survival, and provides evidence for the modification of the currently used UICC TNM staging system for surgically treated thoracic esophageal cancer.     

胸段食管癌切除术患者的预后分析

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors and influence of the number of lymph node metastases on survival and UICC-TNM classification in patients with thoracic esophageal cancer after curative resection. Methods From 1985 to 1990, 1224 patients were surgically treated for thoracic esophageal cancer. The patients who died within 30 days after operation were not included in this study. Fifteen factors possibly influencing survival of these patients were selected and analyzed. A multivariate analysis of these individual variables was performed by Cox proportional hazard model. According to the n, mher of lymph node metastases (0, 1 and ≥ 2), a new modification of the TNM classification was suggested: stage Ⅱ a (T2N0M0 and T3N0M0), stage Ⅱb [T1N1M0 and T2N1 (1) M0], stage Ⅲ a [T2N1 (2)M0 and T3N1 (1)M0] and stage Ⅲ b [T3N1 (2)M0 and T4NanyMO]. Results According to multivariate analysis, lymph node metastases, depth of invasion, location of tumor, histological classification and length of the tumor were of prognostic significance (P < 0.01). There was obvious correlation between the rate of lymph node metastasis and the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with 0, 1 and ≥2 positive metastatic lymph nodes was 59.1%, 32.0% and 8.9%, respectively. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with stage T2N1M0 and stage T3N1M0 was significantly higher in those with only one lymph node involved than in those with two or more lymph nodes involved (43.1% vs. 18.0% and 28.0% vs. 9.6%, P<0.01). The 5-year survival rate of the modified stage Ⅱa, Ⅱb, Ⅲa and Ⅲb was56.5%, 43.9%, 25.6% and 11.1%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference among different stages (P < 0. 01). Conclusion The lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor for thoracic esophageal cancer after resection. The major influencing factors of lymph node metastasis are the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. Therefore, the lymphadenectomy along with esophngectomy and subsequently combined modality therapy against lymph node metastasis is necessary to improve the S-year survival rate. Our proposed new classification based on number of lymph node metastases (0, 1, ≥2 positive nodes) is more applicable because it can well reflect the correlation between lymph node metastasis and the survival, and provides evidence for the modification of the currently used UICC TNM staging system for surgically treated thoracic esophageal cancer.     

胸段食管癌切除术患者的预后分析

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors and influence of the number of lymph node metastases on survival and UICC-TNM classification in patients with thoracic esophageal cancer after curative resection. Methods From 1985 to 1990, 1224 patients were surgically treated for thoracic esophageal cancer. The patients who died within 30 days after operation were not included in this study. Fifteen factors possibly influencing survival of these patients were selected and analyzed. A multivariate analysis of these individual variables was performed by Cox proportional hazard model. According to the n, mher of lymph node metastases (0, 1 and ≥ 2), a new modification of the TNM classification was suggested: stage Ⅱ a (T2N0M0 and T3N0M0), stage Ⅱb [T1N1M0 and T2N1 (1) M0], stage Ⅲ a [T2N1 (2)M0 and T3N1 (1)M0] and stage Ⅲ b [T3N1 (2)M0 and T4NanyMO]. Results According to multivariate analysis, lymph node metastases, depth of invasion, location of tumor, histological classification and length of the tumor were of prognostic significance (P < 0.01). There was obvious correlation between the rate of lymph node metastasis and the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with 0, 1 and ≥2 positive metastatic lymph nodes was 59.1%, 32.0% and 8.9%, respectively. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with stage T2N1M0 and stage T3N1M0 was significantly higher in those with only one lymph node involved than in those with two or more lymph nodes involved (43.1% vs. 18.0% and 28.0% vs. 9.6%, P<0.01). The 5-year survival rate of the modified stage Ⅱa, Ⅱb, Ⅲa and Ⅲb was56.5%, 43.9%, 25.6% and 11.1%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference among different stages (P < 0. 01). Conclusion The lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor for thoracic esophageal cancer after resection. The major influencing factors of lymph node metastasis are the depth of invasion, length of tumor and grade of differentiation. Therefore, the lymphadenectomy along with esophngectomy and subsequently combined modality therapy against lymph node metastasis is necessary to improve the S-year survival rate. Our proposed new classification based on number of lymph node metastases (0, 1, ≥2 positive nodes) is more applicable because it can well reflect the correlation between lymph node metastasis and the survival, and provides evidence for the modification of the currently used UICC TNM staging system for surgically treated thoracic esophageal cancer.     

Ⅱ、Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌术后不同辅助治疗方式的疗效分析

目的 评价术后联合放化疗(S+CRT)或术后放疗(S+RT)对Ⅱ、Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌患者疗效和不良反应。方法 收集2007—2010年间行根治术且术后辅助放疗或放化疗的Ⅱ、Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌215例患者资料。Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率并Logrank法检验和单因素预后分析,Cox模型多因素预后分析。结果 S+CRT与S+RT组资料具有可比性(P=0.055~0.988)。随访满1、3、5年者分别为203、133、108例。全组患者1、3、5年OS和DFS分别为94.0%、61.4%、49.3%和74.9%、53.5%、46.7%。患者术前CT显示纵隔淋巴结肿大、术中食管病变与周边组织器官粘连程度、病理N分期、脉管瘤栓、阳性淋巴结个数和治疗方式均为OS影响因素(P=0.000~0.034),患者术前CT显示纵隔淋巴结肿大、术中食管病变与周边组织器官粘连程度、术后残端是否阳性、阳性淋巴结个数和治疗方式均为DFS影响因素(P=0.000~0.049)。S+CRT组OS、DFS均优于S+RT组(P=0.002、0.002)。分层分析显示Ⅱ期患者S+CRT组OS、DFS均高于S+RT组(P=0.041、0.001);N₁期患者S+CRT组OS、DFS也均高于S+RT组(P=0.021、0.024)。S+CRT组≥2级放射性胃炎及骨髓抑制发生率均高于S+RT组(P=0.000、0.015)。结论 Ⅱ、Ⅲ期胸段食管鳞癌术后患者接受S+CRT及S+RT均具有较好疗效;S+CRT较S+RT能提高Ⅱ期和N₁期患者OS与DFS;S+CRT组不良反应较大但患者均可耐受;但最终结论需前瞻性Ⅲ期随机研究证实。     

胸段食管鳞癌淋巴结转移数和区域与术后放疗价值的临床研究

目的 对胸段食管鳞癌根治术患者的淋巴结转移数和区域与术后放疗的疗效进行分析,评价术后放疗价值.方法 选择2007年前14年内我院胸段食管癌根治术后病理诊断鳞癌、淋巴结转移阳性及无远处血道转移的N_1期患者945例,其中单纯手术590例,术后放疗355例.术后3～4周开始2 Gy/次放疗,中位剂量50 Gy分25次5周完成.结果 随访率为94.5%,随访满5年者189例.5年生存率单纯手术组和术后放疗组分别为29.6%和38.0%(X~2=10.44,P=0.001).分层分析术后放疗较单纯手术可提高淋巴结转移数3～5个、>5个和仅有锁骨上区及上纵隔区淋巴结转移的5年生存率(30.5%:23.1%,χ~2=4.11,P=0.043;16.7%:8.9%,χ~2=6.87,P=0.009;45.5%:34.9%,χ~2=5.37,P=0.020),而不能提高淋巴结转移数1～2个和仅有中下纵隔及上腹部区淋巴结转移的生存率(50.7%:41.2%,χ~2=3.30,P=0.069;32.0%:27.7%,χ~2=2.22,P=0.137),但可降低锁骨上区及中上纵隔区淋巴结转移例数(15:76,χ~2=18.10,P=0.000;18:97,χ~2=26.81,P=0.000).结论 N_1期胸段食管鳞癌三野根治术后放疗可提高淋巴结转移数≥13个和仪有锁骨上区及上纵隔区淋巴结转移者的生存率,并能降低锁骨上区及中上纵隔区淋巴结转移率.     

同期放化疗与单纯放疗不能手术食管癌的病例对照研究

目的对不能手术食管癌同期放化疗、单纯放疗不同亚组进行生存分析,明确同期放化疗中获益患者分布,使治疗更具针对性。方法不能手术中晚期食管鳞癌患者共421例,以分期为首要配对因素,从单纯放疗的289例中选择132例,与同期放化疗的132例配对,比较两组患者的总生存率、毒副反应、失败原因。化疗采用PF方案。放疗采用常规分割方式,总剂量50-64 Gy。寿命表法计算总生存率,并用Wilcoxon检验组间差异。两组急性毒副反应、晚期副反应、失败模式的差异用x2检验。结果同期放化疗组和单纯放疗组的1年生存率分别为59.7%和54.1%(x2=6.34,P =0.013)。同期放化疗可显著提高KPS评分90、T3、N1、M0期亚组的1年生存率(x2=6.12、3.17、6.08、3.31,P=0.018、0.038、0.019、0.032)。同期放化疗组和单纯放疗组的3-4级骨髓抑制、放射性食管炎发生率分别为21.2%、28.0%和11.4%、7.6%(x2=4.69、18.87,P=0.026、0.001),其他急性毒副反应、晚期副反应发生率相似(P值均>0.05)。同期放化疗组、单纯放疗组的局部复发率分别为48.5%、66.7%(x2=9.81,P=0.001),远处转移率分别为16.7%、12.1%(x2=0.43,P=0.575)。结论同期放化疗可显著提高患者总生存率、KPS评分90和T3、N1、M0期亚组的生存率,降低区域失败率,但未能降低远处转移率,且3～4级骨髓抑制、急性食管炎发生率显著增加。     

胸段食管鳞癌根治术后失败模式对放疗野设计的指导作用

目的 分析胸段食管鳞状细胞癌根治术后首次复发部位,为进一步修改和完善术后放疗范围提供重要参考依据。方法 回顾分析1999—2007年间在本院行根治术并有明确复发部位记录的195例胸段食管癌患者不同段的首次复发、转移部位。结果 胸上、中段食管癌以胸腔内复发(83.3%、68.0%)为主要部位,而胸下段食管癌则以胸腔内复发(42.9%)和腹腔淋巴结转移(40.8%)为主。术后病理显示淋巴结有无转移与胸腔内复发、锁骨上淋巴结转移、远处转移均无关(χ²=1.58、0.06、0.04,P=0.134、0.467、0.489),但腹腔淋巴结转移的术后淋巴结阳性比例高于阴性(28.7%∶10.6%,χ²=9.94,P=0.001),其中胸中段食管癌的也如此(20.0%∶5.6%,χ²=5.67,P=0.015)。切缘≤3 cm (52例)与>3 cm (142例)者相比术后吻合口复发率明显增加(25.0%∶11.3%,χ²=5.65,P=0.019)。结论 胸腔内为最常见首次复发部位。建议胸上、中段(淋巴结阴性)食管癌放疗靶区包括锁骨上区、上纵隔和瘤床,胸中段(淋巴结阳性)、下段食管癌包括锁骨上区、全纵隔及胃左、腹腔干淋巴引流区。如切缘≤3 cm建议包括吻合口。     

放疗联合方克顺铂同步或序贯化疗治疗老年晚期食管癌的临床研究

目的评价放疗联合方克顺铂同步或序贯化疗治疗老年食管癌的疗效及毒副反应。方法将62例〉70a的老年食管癌病人随机分成两组,同步放化疗组（31例）：放疗d1即同时开始化疗;序贯放化疗组31例：入组后先予化疗2个周期,再单独予放疗,放疗结束后再化疗2～3个周期,放疗采用6～Coy常规分割放疗,1．8～2．0Gy／次,5次／wk,总剂量64～68Gy／6～7wk完成。结果同步组和序贯组的有效率分别为93．6％、83．9％,1a、3a局部控制率分别为77．4％与67．7％和48．4％与38．7％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（χ^2=3．02,P=0．065）。同步组和序贯组的1a、3a生存率分别为74．2％与64．5％和45．1％与32.3％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2．32,P=0．073）。同步组的血液学毒性、放射性食管炎以及放射性肺炎均高于序贯组,多数为1以级。结论老年晚期食管癌病人同步治疗组较序贯治疗组的疗效提高,生存期延长,毒副作用增加,但病人可以耐受。     

晚期鼻咽癌诱导化疗+同步放化疗与诱导化疗+放疗疗效比较

目的 比较诱导化疗+同步放化疗与诱导化疗+放疗在T3～4N0～1M0和T1～4N2～3M0期鼻咽癌患者的疗效.方法 对2002-2005年间收治的92分期为Ⅲ、Ⅳa期的400例鼻咽癌患者随机分为诱导化疗+同步放化疗组和诱导化疗+放疗组,其中对T3～4N0～1M0(197例)和T1～4N2～3M0(203例)期分别进行亚组分析.放疗采用常规分割方案,化疗采用氟尿嘧啶脱氧核苷+卡铂.结果 中位随访3.9年,随访率96.2%.T3～4N0～1M0期鼻咽癌患者诱导化疗+同步放化疗组(104例)和诱导化疗+放疗组(93例)的3年总生存率、无瘤生存率、无局部区域复发生存率、无远处转移生存率分别为84.0%和85.9%(χ2=0.08,P=0.780)、77.0%和72.0%(χ2=0.44,P=0.510)、89.5%和92.3%(χ2=0.65,P=0.420)、84.9%和77.0%(χ2=1.59,P=0.210);T1～4 N2～3 M0期(97例和106例)的分别为67.4%和82.2%(χ2=3.48,P=0.060)、61.5%和68.0%(χ2=1.86,P=0.170)、86.2%和87.0%(χ2=0.57,P=0.450)、66.2%和75.6%(χ2=2.07,P=0.150).急性毒副反应只有白细胞减少诱导化疗+同步放化疗比诱导化疗+放疗严重,其余相似.结论 采用诱导化疗+同步放化疗方案未能较诱导化疗+放疗进一步提高T3～4N0～1M0、T1～4N2～3M0期鼻咽癌总生存率.     

甘氨双唑钠胸段食管鳞癌放射增敏作用——Ⅲ期多中心随机对照研究

目的 评价放射增敏剂甘氨双唑钠在胸段食管鳞癌放疗中的疗效和不良反应。方法2008—2009年间采用多中心、随机、双盲方法对不耐受或拒绝同期放化疗 Ⅱ_a~Ⅲ期和仅锁骨上淋巴结转移Ⅳ期(第6版AJCC分期)患者进行临床试验,经病理证实的胸段食管鳞癌 66例患者随机分为A、B组。A组用甘氨双唑钠800 mg/m²溶于100 ml生理盐水30 min内静脉滴注后 30~60 min完成放疗,B组用安慰剂放疗。放疗总剂量66 Gy (1.8~2.0 Gy/次,5 次/周,6.6~7.2周完成)。A组剔除 1例,B组剔除 3例,可分析病例两组各 31例。结果 随访率为97%。A、B组患者近期总有效率分别为93.5%、67.7%(χ²=6.61,P=0.01),2年总生存率,无进展生存率,肿瘤特异生存率分别为39.9%、29.9%,30.1%、27.9%,43.1%、26.8%(χ²=0.62、0.02、0.30,P=0.433、0.878、0.586)。所有患者耐受良好,未发现严重不良反应。结论 研究显示,甘氨双唑钠作为放射增敏剂,在近期疗效上两组患者差异有统计学意义,且患者耐受性良好。本次随访期内,生存率未见明显改善。     

局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌术后放疗和化疗的前瞻性研究

目的 评价局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌(FSCC)手术后放射治疗和化疗的疗效.方法 将1997年1月至2004年6月间入院的158例ESCC(Ⅱ-Ⅲ期)患者随机分为术后放化疗组(78例)和单纯手术组(80例).后经微调和排查,实际术后放化疗组为74例,单纯手术组为77例.对比两组患者的并发症发生率、局部复发率和远处转移率、生存率及无进展生存率.结果 患者平均随访45个月,术后放化疗组的并发症发生率与单纯手术组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后放化疗组局部复发和远处转移率低于单纯手术组(P<0.05).术后放化疗组的中位生存时间(53.5个月)与单纯手术组(37个月)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组的1年生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但3、5和10年生存率比较,术后放化疗组优于单纯手术组(P<0.05).术后放化疗组的中位无进展生存期(46个月)与单纯手术组(34个月)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组1年无进展生存率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但3、5和10年无进展生存率比较,术后放化疗组优于单纯手术组(P<0.05).结论 术后合理应用放化疗可有效提高局部晚期ESCC患者的无进展生存时间及长期生存率.     

食管癌根治术后放疗与放化疗疗效比较

 目的 回顾性分析食管癌根治术后预防性放疗或放化疗的临床疗效。方法 163例食管癌根治术后2月内行预防性放射治疗，其中125例术后单纯放射治疗(单放疗组)，38例行术后序贯性放疗和化疗(放化疗组)。全纵隔放疗剂量45～60Gy，44例行双锁骨上预防性照射，剂量为50Gy。结果 全组1、3、5年生存率和中位生存期分别为84．05％、45．75％、35．89％和32个月。单因素分析显示肿瘤T分期、N分期、TNM病理分期、放疗总剂量和化疗与食管癌术后放疗的预后生存有关，P相似文献   

胸段食管癌术后预防性照射的预后分析

目的 探讨胸段食管癌根治术后预防性照射的范围对长期生存的影响。 方法 回顾分析2000— 2007年间 201例胸段食管癌根治术后行预防性照射患者资料,比较照射范围差异对生存影响,并对可能影响预后的因素行Cox模型多因素分析。Kaplan Meier法计算OS率,Logrank检验差异。结果 5年随访率为97.0%。全纵隔、全纵隔+胃左区、全纵隔+双锁骨上区、中上纵隔+双锁骨上区、全纵隔+双锁骨上+胃左区照射的 5年OS率分别为21.7%、37.1%、38.7%、34.8%、19.8%( P=0.406),多因素分析结果显示仅仅术后N分期为预后影响因素(P=0.009)。预防性照射后锁骨上淋巴结转移11例、中上纵隔淋巴结转移34例、腹腔淋巴结转移10例。结论 胸段食管癌根治术后预防性照射范围应包括中上纵隔和双锁骨上区。