舒利迭联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的临床疗效观察

目的:观察舒利迭联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的临床疗效。方法:对50例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各25例。对照组患者给予噻托溴铵治疗;观察组患者给予噻托溴铵联合舒利迭治疗。比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果:治疗后,观察组患者的肺功能FEV1(2.21±0.43)L,FEV1/FVC(68.19±5.61);对照组患者的肺功能FEV1(1.84±0.24)L,FEV1/FVC(54.27±4.53),两组患者间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组患者的动脉氧分压(75.16±6.72)mm Hg,动脉二氧化碳分压(44.27±2.88)mm Hg;对照组患者的动脉氧分压(65.28±4.81)mm Hg,动脉二氧化碳分压(58.35±4.03)mm Hg,两组患者间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:舒利迭联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的临床疗效优于单纯噻托溴铵。     

吸入噻托溴铵对COPD患者肺功能和运动耐量的影响

目的 评价噻托溴铵对稳定期中、重度慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)患者肺功能和运动耐量的影响.方法 60例COPD患者随机分成吸入噻托溴铵干粉剂组(n=30)和异丙托溴铵定量气雾剂治疗组(n=30),在给药前及给药后第21天和第42天分别测定Borg评分、肺功能及6 min步行距离(6MWD).结果 呼吸困难指数在第42天时噻托溴铵组下降了(1.65±0.22)Borg单位,异丙托溴铵组下降了(0.70±0.13)Borg单位,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.011),而在21 d时两组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.261).肺功能检查提示只有深吸气量在第42天时噻托溴铵组与异丙托溴铵组比较差异有统计学意义[(0.29±0.04)L vs(0.12±0.04)L](P=0.002),而FEV1和FVC在第21天和第42天时两组比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05).6MWD运动试验显示,噻托溴铵组在用药后第21天和第42天的谷值反应为(34.33±6.08)m和(54.5±7.90)m,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 COPD患者每天1次吸入噻托溴铵(18μg)较异丙托溴铵气雾剂治疗能更好地减少肺过度充气、减轻呼吸困难症状,并提高运动耐量.     

舒利迭联合噻托溴铵对稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能的影响

目的:观察舒利迭联合噻托溴铵对稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者86例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各43例。对照组患者给予噻托溴铵治疗;治疗组患者在对照组的基础上给予舒利迭吸入治疗。观察并比较两组患者治疗前后肺功能指标变化,第1秒用力呼吸容积(FEV1)、第1秒用力呼吸容积(FEV1)占用力肺活量(FVC)百分比(FEV1/FVC),及血气指标动脉血氧分压(p O2)与二氧化碳分压(p CO2),并记录两组患者用药的不良反应。结果:经过治疗,两组患者的肺功能指标FEV1与FEV1/FVC及血气指标均较治疗前有明显改善,且治疗组患者的改善程度明显优于对照组,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:舒利迭联合噻托溴铵治疗稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者,对改善其肺功能和血气指标的效果优于单纯噻托溴铵。     

吸入噻托溴铵对COPD患者肺功能和运动耐量的影响

目的评价噻托溴铵对稳定期中、重度慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)患者肺功能和运动耐量的影响。方法60例COPD患者随机分成吸入噻托溴铵干粉剂组(n=30)和异丙托溴铵定量气雾剂治疗组(n=30),在给药前及给药后第21天和第42天分别测定Borg评分、肺功能及6 min步行距离(6MWD)。结果呼吸困难指数在第42天时噻托溴铵组下降了(1.65±0.22)Borg单位,异丙托溴铵组下降了(0.70±0.13)Borg单位,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.011),而在21 d时两组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.261)。肺功能检查提示只有深吸气量在第42天时噻托溴铵组与异丙托溴铵组比较差异有统计学意义[(0.29±0.04)Lvs(0.12±0.04)L](P=0.002),而FEV1和FVC在第21天和第42天时两组比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。6MWD运动试验显示,噻托溴铵组在用药后第21天和第42天的谷值反应为(34.33±6.08)m和(54.5±7.90)m,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论COPD患者每天1次吸入噻托溴铵(18μg)较异丙托溴铵气雾剂治疗能更好地减少肺过度充气、减轻呼吸困难症状,并提高运动耐量。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松气雾剂治疗老年中重度COPD的效果观察

目的探讨噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松气雾剂对老年中重度慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的治疗效果。方法选取2014年2月至2017年1月孟津县公疗医院收治的96例老年中重度COPD患者,按照随机数表法分为两组,各48例。对照组患者接受噻托溴铵治疗,观察组患者接受噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松气雾剂治疗,均治疗6个月。比较两组患者治疗前后肺功能指标[用力肺活量(FVC)、1 s用力呼气容积(FEV1)、FEV1/FVC]水平及日常生活能力评分(BI评分)。结果治疗6个月后,观察组患者FEV1、FVC及FEV1/FVC水平均优于对照组[(2.07±0.21)L比(1.79±0.09)L,(3.41±0.23)L比(3.06±0.16)L,(62.63±5.15)比(53.15±4.61)],BI评分高于对照组[(78.25±6.12)分比(69.14±7.21)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松气雾剂治疗老年中重度COPD,可改善患者肺功能,提高其日常生活能力。     

噻托溴铵治疗中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期疗效分析

目的:探讨噻托溴铵治疗中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期疗效。方法:135例COPD患者随机分为两组,对照组患者给予异丙托溴铵定量气雾剂,观察组患者给予噻托溴铵干粉吸入剂,比较两组患者的疗效、肺功能、动脉血气分析和不良反应。结果:观察组患者的疗效明显优于对照组,比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后观察组患者的FEV1、FEV1/FVC、PaO2明显高于对照组,比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CAT评分明显低于对照组,比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不良反应发生率低。结论:噻托溴铵治疗COPD,可有效改善患者的临床症状以及肺功能,心血管不良反应少。     

比索洛尔联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者40例疗效观察

目的探讨比索洛尔联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期患者的疗效及安全性。方法COPD稳定期患者80例随机分为噻托溴铵组(对照组)和比索洛尔联合噻托溴铵组(观察组)各40例。对照组在常规治疗基础上给予噻托溴铵粉吸入剂,观察组在对照组治疗基础上给予小剂量比索洛尔片口服,根据患者情况适当调整剂量,疗程均为12周;并对2组患者治疗前后总有效率、肺功能、COPD评估测试问卷(CAT)评分及急性加重情况进行比较。结果观察组完成试验34例,对照组完成36例。治疗后对照组和观察组总有效率分别为80.56%(29/36)和97.06%(33/34),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗前对照组和观察组FEV_1、FEV_1%、FEV_1/FVC、CAT评分分别为(1.58±0.57)L、(41.73±5.74)%、(56.73±4.74)%、(23.9±4.8)分和(1.56±0.63)L、(42.26±5.13)%、(57.33±3.95)%、(24.2±4.3)分,2组比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);治疗后对照组和观察组FEV、FEV,%、FEV/FVC、CAT评分分别为(1.89±0.33)I、(49.23±3.53)%、(59.83±5.53)%、(16.3±3.7)分和(2.02±0.31)L、(53.53±4.34)%、(63.46±6.17)%、(13.6±3.3)分,急性加重分别为l1例次(30.6%)和4例次(11.8%),2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);且观察组改善均较对照组明显(P均<0.05)。结论比索洛尔联合噻托溴铵较单纯使用噻托溴铵更能改善COPD稳定期患者的肺功能和生活质量;稳定期急性加重次数明显降低,而相关的不良反应并未明显增加。     

噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病疗效观察

目的：评价噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的疗效。方法：86例稳定期COPD患者随机平均分为噻托溴铵组和对照组。对照组给予常规治疗,噻托溴铵组在对照组治疗的基础上给予每日1次18μg噻托溴铵经干粉器吸入,两组均治疗12周,观察两组治疗前后肺功能改变情况[一秒钟用力呼气量（FEV1）和FEV1/用力肺活量（FVC）]、运动耐力改变（6 min步行距离）和生活质量评分变化,并评价不良反应发生情况。结果：两组治疗前FEV1、FEV1/FVC、6 min步行距离、生活质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。噻托溴铵组治疗后FEV1、FEV1/FVC均较治疗前提高[（46.23±11.02）%vs（39.19±7.47）%,t=3.237,P〈0.05;（59.70±9.42）%vs（55.46±8.25）%,t=2.974,P〈0.05]。治疗后噻托溴铵组FEV1、FEV1/FVC均较对照组改善明显[对照组FEV1（43.11±8.93）%,t=2.630,P〈0.05;FEV1/FVC（55.73±9.91）%,t=2.857,P〈0.05]。噻托溴铵组治疗前后FEV1改善率平均为（17.92±5.43）%,对照组为（6.41±3.98）%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（t=2.73,P〈0.05）。噻托溴铵组治疗后6 min步行距离较治疗前提高[（351.2±43.7）m vs（271.3±39.0）m,t=3.090,P〈0.05],较对照组改善明显[对照组（299.5±56.4）m,t=3.012,P〈0.05]。噻托溴铵组治疗后生活质量评分较治疗前提高[（57.4±6.1）分vs（39.7±5.9）分,t=2.538,P〈0.05]。治疗后噻托溴铵组生活质量评分较对照组高[（42.1±6.0）分,t=3.204,P〈0.05]。两组均未发生严重不良反应。结论：噻托溴铵治疗稳定期COPD患者用药安全有效,可在临床上推广使用。     

噻托溴铵联合舒利迭治疗稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者疗效观察

目的：探讨噻托溴铵联合舒利迭治疗稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病的临床疗效。方法选取114例稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者随机分为观察组和对照组,分别给予噻托溴铵联合舒利迭治疗和单纯舒利迭治疗,比较2组患者临床疗效、治疗前后肺功能指标、血气分析、MMRC 和6MWT。结果观察组患者临床有效率较对照组显著提高,治疗后观察组患者 FEV1、FCV、FEV1/FCV 高于对照组,PaO2高于对照组, PaCO2低于对照组,MMRC 评分低于对照组,6MWT 测试优于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论噻托溴铵联合舒利迭治疗稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者可提高肺功能,降低二氧化碳分压,提高氧分压,改善呼吸困难症状,提升患者生活质量,值得进一步在临床推广。     

沙美特罗联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的疗效分析

目的：探讨沙美特罗联合噻托溴铵治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的临床疗效。方法选取COPD患者80例,采用双盲法分为观察组和对照组,各40例。2组均给予沙美特罗替卡松粉吸入剂治疗（每天2次,每天早晚各1吸）,观察组在此基础上联合噻托溴铵治疗（1次/d,18μg/次,于睡前吸入）,治疗2周后比较2组肺功能变化。结果观察组治疗后FEV 1为（1.20±0.08）L,FVC为（1.86±0.23）L,FEV 1/FVC为（0.73±0.04）,均明显大于对照组治疗后（P<0.05）;2组治疗期间无严重不良事件发生。结论沙美特罗联合噻托溴铵治疗COPD可明显改善患者肺功能,疗效显著。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.