口腔颌面部创伤

微型钛板内固定治疗面中部骨折30例临床观察；颜面部隐蔽小切口在颧骨复合体骨折内固定术中的应用；114例眼眶骨折分析；颧骨复合体骨折固定方法和固定部位的临床研究；上颌骨矢状骨折的处理.     

冠状切口在面中部复杂性骨折中的应用

目的:总结经冠状切口行面中部复杂性骨折复位、坚强内固定术的临床应用及注意事项。方法:本组50例患者采用头皮冠状切口行复杂性面中部骨折解剖复位,钛合金接骨板坚强内固定。结果:除4例出现暂时性神经损伤症状,2例出现头皮麻木和感觉异常,1例感染外,其余的病例均一期愈合,面部畸形得到明显改善,咬合关系恢复正常,X线片显示骨折处对位良好。结论:采用头皮冠状切口的坚强内固定技术,可在直视下开放复位,较好地暴露颧骨、颧弓、上颌骨连接处骨折,使面中部解剖结构得以重建,提高了骨折固定的稳定性,取得了良好的疗效。     

微型接骨板在下颌骨髁状突骨折治疗中应用

目的 观察微型接肌板内固定治疗髁状突中低位骨折的临床效果。方法 经耳前或颌下切口复位髁状突后用微型接骨板内固定治疗中低位髁状突骨折12例。结果 He关系良好,开口度大于30cm12 例,无下颌偏斜畸形现象出现,颞下颌关节弹响1例。X线摄片显示下颌骨髁状突形态良好,无移位及破坏吸收现象。3例要后出现暂时性面神经颞支颧支功能部分障碍。结论 微型接骨板内固定是治疗髁状突中低位骨折的良好方法,固定稳定可靠,可免除颌间牵引或缩短颌间牵引的时间,有利于关节结构和功能的恢复。     

下颌髁突矢状骨折髓内髓外双重内固定术的临床应用

目的探讨髓内及髓外双重内固定在下颌髁突矢状骨折开放复位内固定中的应用价值。方法采用髓内髓外双重内固定术治疗18例24侧髁突矢状骨折,固定方法：单一螺钉或克氏针行髓内固定,配合一块钛板行髓外固定,伴发他处骨折者同期行精确复位固定。术后通过拍摄CT和全景X线片评价钛板固定情况、骨折段复位精准度及稳固性,通过临床检查评价咬合关系、开口度、开口型。结果术后X线全景片或CT检查显示,24侧髁突矢状骨折段均未发现术后旋转移位,对位良好;钛板和螺钉无扭曲、折断和松脱。术后咬合关系、开口度、开口型恢复良好。结论髓内髓外双重内固定具有抗骨折段旋转作用,髓内螺钉和髓外钛板在空间上互不干扰,是下颌骨髁突矢状骨折固定的良好方法。     

微型接骨板治疗下颌骨骨折87例报告

目的研究微型接骨板治疗下颌骨骨折的临床效果.方法对87例下颌骨骨折病例,采用微型接骨板坚固内固定技术进行治疗. 结果 87例患者经治疗后咬合功能、牙合关系及面部外形恢复良好.结论微型接骨板的应用弥补了单纯颌间牵引的不足,缩短了治疗时间,减少了术后并发症的发生.     

上颌骨骨折开放复位坚固内固定

采取开放复位，通过上颊沟和冠状切口显露骨折部位，沿原骨折线撬开，移动上颌骨至正常位置，再通过颌间牵引恢复伤前咬合关系，然后在鼻上颌、颧上颌支柱折断部位用微型接骨板和螺钉固定。对合并下颌骨骨折者，在上颌骨骨折复位手术同时应先予以解剖复位和加压内固定。治疗上颌骨骨折３８例，术后面形及咬合恢复满意。基本上不需要颌间固定及颅颌悬吊     

上颌骨矢状骨折的临床研究

目的：探讨上颌骨矢状骨折的手术治疗方法,方法：收集2001年3月-2009年10月收治的45例上颌骨矢状骨折病例,通过LeFortⅠ型截骨术治疗,对手术效果进行分析。结果：Le FortⅠ型截骨术治疗上颌骨矢状骨折均获得良好疗效,患者面型和咬合关系恢复满意,无严重手术并发症。结论：LeFortⅠ型截骨术是治疗上颌骨矢状骨折的有效手术方法,术前应依照正颌外科原则进行模型外科准备,术中应同期进行其它面骨的复位固定。     

髁突多发性骨折微型钛板内固定的近期观察

目的:观察髁突多发性骨折后,微型钛板内固定的疗效。方法:8例11侧髁突多发性骨折病例,术中将多发性骨折的髁突1.0cm以上的骨折片复位,微型钛板固定,基本恢复解剖形态。结果:本组病例术后张口度基本正常,前伸运动、侧向运动无障碍,咬合关系基本正常。结论:微型钛板内固定可有效的治疗髁突多发性骨折。     

钛板外固定+牵引钉腭部横向牵引治疗新鲜上颌骨矢状骨折的应用

目的 探讨一种操作较为简便、治疗过程更为舒适可靠的治疗新鲜上颌骨矢状骨折的方法.方法 于硬腭部裂隙两侧植入牵引钉行横向弹性牵引复位骨折,恢复咬合关系,以小型钛板行穿黏膜骨折外固定,然后拆除牵引钉,1个月后拆除外固定钛板.结果 该方法用于新鲜上颌骨矢状骨折复位良好,术后易于保持口腔卫生及行使口腔功能.结论 该方法简单易行...     

微型接骨板在30例颌骨骨折中的应用

上下颌骨骨折在口腔颌面外科中常见。治疗中以往多采用颌间牵引术和口外切开复位内固定术。正颌外科器械及微型接骨板 (微型夹板 )在临床的应用 ,为颌骨骨折治疗方法的改进提供了条件。我们对可选择性的上下颌骨骨折采用正颌外科的方法进行治疗 ,总结报道如下。1.临床资料　男 2 0例 ,女 10例。年龄 4～ 5 0岁。下颌骨正中部位骨折 18例 ,下颌角部骨折 5例 ,上颌骨ＬｅＦｏｒｔ-Ⅰ型骨折 5例 ,上颌骨单侧骨折 2例 (下颌骨髁状突骨折不在病例选择中 )。2 .骨折治疗的方法2 .1　上下颌骨骨折 ,全身情况较差者 ,采用综合治疗。2 .2　面部伤口暴…     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters quality of life

Dysphagia is one of the most important complications encountered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Our aim was to determine whether oropharyngeal dysphagia impacted the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ALS. Thirty consecutive patients were recruited (31–82 years, 18 men). Swallowing function was evaluated using a standardised videofluoroscopic barium swallow. All the patients completed a specific questionnaire on quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL‐QoL) immediately after the videofluoroscopy. The results of dysphagia outcome severity scale separated 14 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 16 with normal swallowing function. There was no difference in the average age, weight and body mass index of the two groups (dysphagic patients: 68 ± 11 kg versus non‐dysphagic patients: 69 ± 14 kg). Most of the dysphagic patients had a bulbar affection based on their Norris scores which determine the importance of cranial nerves illness (20 ± 8), significantly lower than those of the non‐dysphagic patients (35 ± 5) (P < 0·0001). There was no difference in the neurological peripheral symptoms evaluated by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale scores (dysphagic patients: 26 ± 7 versus non‐dysphagic patients: 27 ± 8) (ns). The swallowing quality of life questionnaire revealed that the dysphagic patients had significant burden (P < 0·001). They were affected by the necessity to applied a food selection (P < 0·01), by the increase in eating duration (P < 0·05) and described a decrease in eating desire (P < 0·05). They complained of fear regarding the risk of dysphagia (P < 0·05). They also described difficulties with oral communication (P < 0·001). All of those complained about dysphagia which impacted directly mental health (P < 0·05) and social life (P < 0·05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom accompanying ALS, which alters the patient's QoL, especially social health.     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Interventional neuroradiologic procedures in the head and neck

Interventional radiology and interventional neuroradiology are evolving specialties which can aid the head and neck surgeons in the clinical management of patients with complex vascular lesions.