脑源性神经营养因子相关基因与创伤后应激障碍患者的人格特征关联性

目的:分析脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)主要传导通路中BDNF、PKB1、GSK-3B、PRKCG基因多态性与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)康复人群艾森克人格的关联性,探讨其单基因及联合作用对人格的影响。方法:严格按照入组标准筛选创伤后应激障碍患者114例,采用PTSD进行诊断,用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)测量人格特征。采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)直接测序法检测BDNF、PKB1、GSK-3B以及PRKCG基因的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)。结果:Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡检验到BDNF、PKBI、GSK-3B、PRKCG 4个基因的6个SNPs,即BDNF rs6265和rs712444,PKBl rs2494746和rs2494738,GSK-3Brs6782799以及PRKCG rs3745406间PTSD患者临床痊愈后所测人格差别无统计学意义。6个SNP基因型分布在总样本中均符合Hardy-weinberg遗传平衡(P0.05),样本具有群体代表性。结论:BDNF rs6265,BDNF rs712444,PKB1rs2494746,PKB1rs2494738,GSK-3Brs6782799,PRKCG rs3745406位点与PTSD患者临床痊愈后所测人格可能无关联。     

抑郁症患者无抽搐电休克治疗的疗效与脑源性神经营养因子基因多态性

目的:探讨抑郁症患者脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)基因两个单核苷酸多态性位点的多态性与无抽搐电休克治疗(modified electroconvulsive therapy,MECT)疗效的关系。方法:采用病例对照研究,研究组为110例符合美国精神障碍诊断统计手册第4版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,DSM-IV)抑郁症诊断标准的门诊及住院患者,对照组为100名正常人。患者入组后连续接受MECT8次,使用汉密顿抑郁量表(Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for Depression,HRSD)进行抑郁严重程度及疗效评估。运用PCR扩增及测序的方法,分析BD-NF基因rs6265、rs7103411单核苷酸多态性的分布,分析rs6265、rs7103411基因型及等位基因频率分布与MECT疗效的关系。结果:BDNF基因rs6265、rs7103411位点基因型及等位基因频率在对照组与患者组间的差异无统计学意义,MECT后2个位点基因型及rs7103411等位基因频率在不同疗效组间的差异无统计学意义。rs6265位点A等位基因频率和G等位基因频率在减分率≥50%组分别为47.9%、52.1%;在减分率<25%组分别为27.5%、72.5%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且A等位基因对MECT反应好于G等位基因(OR=1.740,95%CI:1.022~2.963)。结论:病情严重的抑郁症患者BDNF基因rs6265位点A等位基因可能与无抽搐电休克治疗效果有关,A等位基因携带者接受MECT的疗效较G等位基因携带者好。     

脑源性神经营养因子与癫痫

癫痫发作可诱导海马内脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平上调,进而激活海马门区及CA3区腔隙层的TrkB受体,通过促进兴奋性神经递质释放等效应加强海马通路尤其是苔状纤维的兴奋性突触传递,从而导致持续的高度兴奋状态;而阻断BDNF信号转导通路则可抑制癫痫发生.提示BDNF在癫痫发作过程中具有重要作用,进一步阐明其细胞分子机制将为探索癫痫治疗手段提供新途径.     

脑源性神经营养因子研究现状

本文主要综述了脑源性神经营养因子（ｂｒａｉｎ－ｄｅｒｉｖｅｄｎｅｕｒｏｔｒｏｐｈｉｃｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＢＤＮＦ）的发现、生化特性、与神经生长因子（ＮＧＦ）和神经营养因子Ⅱ（ＮＴ－３）属于同一基因家族以及靶源性等概念：总结了脑源性神经营养因子对运动神经元、胆碱能神经元、多巴胺神经元及感觉等其它神经元的效应作用，并展望了应用脑源性神经营养因子治疗运动神经元病变及老年神经系统退行性疾病的前景。     

脑源性神经营养因子研究现状

近年来神经科学的研究表明,神经营养因子是选择性调节周围神经和中枢神经系统神经生长和存活的一类蛋白质。脑源性神经营养因子（brain derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF）是神经生长因子（nerve growth fac-tor,NGF)发现后约30年由德国神经生物学家Barde^[1]报告的另一神经营养因子,它对CNS多种类型神经元的生长、发育、分化、维持和损伤修复都具有重要作用,对神经系统疾病诸如早老性痴呆、帕金森氏病和肌萎缩侧索硬化等退变性疾病的治疗具有潜在应用前景。本文就脑源性神经营养因子的结构、功能及应用前景作一综述。     

脑源性神经营养因子与帕金森病

帕金森病 (PD)的最主要病理特征是中脑黑质致密部(substantia nigra pars com pacta,SNpc)多巴胺 (DA)能神经元的进行性退化变性 ,由于其机制还不清楚 ,因而限制了此病的临床治疗。脑源性神经营养因子 (brain- derived neu-rotrophic factor,BDNF)由 Barde等于 1982年在猪脑中首次发现 ,其氨基酸序列有 5 5 %～ 6 0 %与神经生长因子 (nervegrowth factor,NGF)完全相同 ,也属神经营养素 (neu-rotrophin)家族的成员 ,BDNF可通过其高亲和力受体 trk B和低亲和力受体 p75 NTR发挥生物活性 ,能够促进多种神经元的存活 ,尤其对 DA能神经…     

脑源性神经营养因子的研究现状

自50年代，Levi－Montalcini首次从雄性小鼠颌下腺中分离出神经生长因子（neruegrowthfactor，NGF）[1]以来，对它的研究一直在神经生物学中占据着重要地位，已证明它能调节许多神经元的重要功能。1982年，Barde等人从猪脑中分离纯化得到脑源性神经营养因子（brain－derivedneu     

脑源性神经营养因子与缺血性脑血管病的研究进展

脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）为神经营养因子（NTFs）中的一种，是1982年Barde及其同事从猪脑提取液中获得的分子量为12．3KD①的碱性蛋白质，有119个氨基酸组成，含有3对二硫键，等电点为10左右。研究表明BDNF是一种在神经元损伤后再生修复和防止神经细胞退行性变等方面发挥极其重要作用的细胞因子。近年来神经细胞培养和动物实验研究表明，     

脑源性神经营养因子与脊髓损伤

<正> Spinal cord injury(SCI)is such a serious disease that itwould bring heavy burdens of both health and economy tothe victims as well as the society.Although worldwide med-ical researchers of neuroscience have made great efforts toattempt to solve this big problem for nearly a century, there     

Association between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and brain morphology in a Japanese sample of schizophrenia and healthy comparisons

Magnetic resonance imaging was used to investigate the relation between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism and volumetric measurements for the medial temporal lobe structures (amygdala, hippocampus, and parahippocampal gyrus) and prefrontal sub-regions (the superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, ventral medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and straight gyrus) in a Japanese sample of 33 schizophrenia patients and 29 healthy subjects. For the controls, the Met carriers had significantly smaller parahippocampal and left superior frontal gyri than the Val homozygotes. The schizophrenia patients carrying the Met allele had a significantly smaller right parahippocampal gyrus than those with the Val/Val genotype, but the genotype did not affect the prefrontal regions in schizophrenia patients. These findings might reflect different genotypic effects of BDNF on brain morphology in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, implicating the possible role of the brain morphology as an endophenotype for future genetic studies in schizophrenia.     

No association of the Val66Met polymorphism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to multiple sclerosis

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin produced by neurons and immune cells, promotes neuronal survival and repair during development and after CNS injury. The BDNF-Val66Met polymorphism is functional and induces abnormal intracellular trafficking and decreased BDNF release. Therefore, we investigated the impact of the BDNF-Val66Met polymorphism on the susceptibility and clinical course in a case-control study of 224 multiple sclerosis (MS) Spanish patients and 177 healthy controls. We found no evidence for association to susceptibility or severity of the disease in our population. Moreover, we did not observe, in a subgroup of 12 MS patients, that the methionine substitution at position 66 in the prodomain had negative impact in the capacity to produce BDNF by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).     

No association between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism and schizophrenia in Asian populations: Evidence from a case-control study and meta-analysis

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a nerve growth factor that plays an important role in the development and maintenance of adult neurons and is important regulator of synaptic plasticity in human brain. It has been reported that there are alterations in BDNF levels in the brains of patients with schizophrenia. It has also been reported that transneuronal transfer of BDNF is dependent on neuronal activity, suggesting that BDNF plays an important role in neurotransmission. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the BDNF gene that causes a valine to methionine substitution at codon 66 (Val66Met) has been demonstrated to affect human memory and hippocampal function. A possible positive association between the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and schizophrenia has also been shown in Scottish and Spanish populations. Furthermore, the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism has been implicated in the age of onset of schizophrenia. In the present study, we attempted to replicate these findings in a Japanese case-control sample (211 patients with schizophrenia and 205 controls). We did not find an association between the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and schizophrenia. An association between the Val66Met polymorphism and age of onset was not observed either. Furthermore, a meta-analysis including the present and previous Asian studies comparing 2059 patients with schizophrenia and 2765 controls also revealed no significant association between the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and schizophrenia. Our results do not support a significant role for the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in the development of schizophrenia in Asian populations.     

Serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

There is evidence that major psychiatric discords such as schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with dysregulation of synaptic plasticity with downstream alterations of neurotrophins. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most widely distributed neurotrophin in the central nervous system (CNS), and performs many biological functions such as promoting the survival, differentiation, and plasticity of neurons. Variants in the BDNF gene increase the risk of SZ and bipolar disorder. Chronic administration of drugs used to treat SZ and BD, such as lithium, valproate, quetiapine, clozapine, and olanzapine, increases BDNF expression in rat brain. To examine serum BDNF, three groups of chronically medicated DSM-IV SZ patients, on treatment with clozapine (n = 27), typical (n = 14), and other atypical antipsychotics (n = 19), 30 euthymic BD patients, and 26 healthy control had 5 ml blood samples collected by venipuncture. Serum BDNF levels were significantly higher in SZ patients (p < 0.001) when compared to either controls or euthymic BD patients. Increased BDNF in SZ patients might be related to the course of illness or to treatment variables. Prospective studies are warranted.     

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism is not significantly correlated to Transient Global Amnesia: Preliminary results of an on-going study in Brescia Province,Italy

Transient Global Amnesia (TGA) is a well defined pure amnesic clinical syndrome characterized by acute loss of memory in middle aged people. The aetiology of TGA is still unknown but clinical and neuroimaging studies support a hippocampi involvement, and some reports suggested a possible common genetic background in cases of familial TGA. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene that causes a valine to methionine substitution at codon 66 (Val66Met) has been demonstrated to affect human memory and hippocampal function in the development and maintenance of adult neurons. Aim of this study was to evaluate the role of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on TGA risk and all TGA clinical features. Ninety-eight TGA patients and 93 age-matched controls were enrolled in the study. Each patient underwent clinical and neurological examination, routine blood examination, EEG, Jugular vein valve (JVI) competence assessment, and neuroimaging study. TGA characteristics were carefully recorded. The distribution of BDNF genotype did not differ in TGA patients compared to controls (BDNF GG: 58.2% vs 55.9%, GA: 33.7% vs 36.6%, AA: 8.1% vs 7.5%, P = .91) as well as allele frequency (BDNF G, TGA vs CON: 75.0% vs 74.2, P = .47). No significant differences in age at onset, disease duration and recurrence or the presence of predisposing factors between TGA patients carrying BDNF AA, BDNF GA and BDNF GG genotype were found. This study, that firstly looked at genetic background in TGA, did not show a significant correlation between the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and age of onset, risk factors, duration or recurrence of TGA.     

Decreased serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia

The pathogenesis of tardive dyskinesia (TD) may involve neurodegeneration and associated dysfunction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) for the survival and maintenance of function in neurons. We therefore compared serum BDNF levels in schizophrenic patients with (n = 129) and without TD (n = 235), and normal controls (n = 323). Assessments included the abnormal involuntary movement scale (AIMS) and the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). Our results were that patients with TD had lower serum BDNF levels than those without TD and normals. Lower serum BDNF levels were correlated with greater PANSS negative subscores, but not correlated with the AIMS scores. Serum BDNF levels did not differ between patients on typical and atypical antipsychotics and were not correlated with antipsychotic doses or years of exposure. We concluded that decreased BDNF levels might be associated with TD pathophysiology and more negative symptoms of schizophrenia.     

An association study of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and amphetamine response.

Although genetic factors are known to be important in addiction, no candidate genes have yet been consistently linked to drug use or abuse. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which has been implicated in the behavioral response to psychomotor stimulants and potentiates neurotransmitters that are strongly linked to addiction, is a logical candidate gene to study. Using a drug challenge approach, we tested for association between BDNF G196A (val66met) genotype and subjective responses to amphetamine (AMPH). Healthy volunteers participated in a double blind, crossover design in which they received placebo, 10 mg, and 20 mg oral d-amphetamine in random order. Subjective and physical responses to ingestion of AMPH were measured at 30-min intervals after drug ingestion. Each subject was genotyped for the BDNF G196A polymorphism and grouped and analyzed accordingly. The effects of AMPH on ratings of arousal, energy, and heart rate were compared in subjects with the val/val genotype (N = 67) and the subjects with either the val/met or met/met genotypes (N = 32). AMPH produced less pronounced self-ratings of arousal and energy, yet higher increases in heart rate, in the val/met and met/met compared to the val/val group. These results suggest that BDNF is related to the subjective and physical response to low doses of AMPH.     

Association between BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and trait depression is mediated via resting EEG alpha band activity

A functional polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF Val66Met, is associated with risk for major depression alongside impairments in memory and selective attention. This study aims to identify the mediating neural mechanisms in links between BDNF and depression using highly heritable electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. In 305 healthy subjects, BDNF Val66Met genotypes were compared in terms of trait depression, neural function (EEG during a resting state) and cognitive performance. The mediating effects of the EEG brain imaging endophenotypes were also examined using structural equation (path) modeling. A genotype-endophenotype-phenotype path model showed that Met homozygosity predicted elevated working memory commission errors and altered EEG activity; that is elevated relative theta and delta power coupled with reduced alpha power. In turn, reduced EEG alpha activity mediated the relationship between the Met/Met genotype and trait depression. These findings demonstrate the utility of an integrative endophenotype approach. They suggest that the BDNF Met/Met homozygote has a direct impact on memory systems, but impacts trait depression via the secondary effects of neural changes.     

Association of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene polymorphisms with body mass index: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Many studies with inconsistent results have assessed the association of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms with prevalence of obesity and overweight. This review aims to provide a summary of the literature evaluating the relation between BDNF genotype and body mass index (BMI).