食管癌患者血清一氧化氮含量变化及其临床意义

目的：观察食管癌患者血血 氧化氮（ＮＯ）含量变化及其与肿瘤恶性程度的关系。方法：应用改进的Ｇｒｉｅｓｓ法测定２８例食管癌患者血清ＮＯ含量,并探讨其与食管癌的病理分级、淋巴结转移的关系。结果：食管癌患者血清ＮＯ含量明显高于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）;病理分级中,ⅡⅢ级组血清ＮＯ含量显著高于Ⅰ级组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,Ⅲ级组血清ＮＯ含量显著高于Ⅱ级组（Ｐ〈０．０５）;血清ＮＯ含量变化与淋巴结转移无关。结论：测     

胃粘膜-氧化氮合成酶与血清胃泌素在十二指肠溃疡的变化

为探讨一氧化氮合成酶（ＮＯＳ）在十二指肠溃疡（ＤＵ）的变化及其意义，我们观察了２９例幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）阳性的活动期ＤＵ患者。在抗ＨＰ治疗前后的胃粘膜ＮＯＳ活性及空腹血清胃泌素浓度的变化，并与１２例非溃疡性消化不良患者进行比较，结果显示：活动期ＤＵ患者胃粘膜ＮＯＳ活性及血清胃泌素浓度明显高于抗ＨＰ治疗后的愈合期ＤＵ患者（Ｐ＜０．００１和Ｐ＜０．０５）．愈合期ＤＵ患者胃粘膜ＮＯＳ活性及胃泌素浓度与对照组无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）：ＨＰ根除者与未根除者ＮＯＳ变化无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．而胃泌素浓度在ＨＰ根除者明显下降（Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示：活动期ＤＵ患者ＮＯＳ活性升高可能具有调节胃泌素分泌而有益于溃疡愈合。     

健脾益气方对大鼠乙酸慢性胃溃疡的影响及其机制探讨

运用大鼠乙酸慢怀胃溃疡模型采用中药健脾益气方，观察治疗７ｄ及２１ｄ后溃疡指数，溃疡抑制率及血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）和ＮＯ＾－３／ＮＯ＾－２含量变化，结果显示，中药治疗组溃疡指数，血清ＬＰＯ含量显著低于模型组（Ｐ〈０．０１），溃疡抑制率及血清ＮＯ＾－３／ＮＯ＾－２含量显著高于模型组（Ｐ〈０．０１），与雷尼替丁组相比较溃疡指数，血清ＬＰＯ含量无统计学差异，但溃疡抑制率及血清ＮＯ＾－３／ＮＯ＾－２含量     

胃粘膜一氧化氮合成酶与血清胃泌素在十二指肠溃疡的变化

为探讨一氧化氮合成酶（ＮＯＳ）在十二指肠溃疡（Ｄ Ｕ）的变化及其意义，我们观察了２９例幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）阳性的活动期ＤＵ患者，在抗ＨＰ治疗前后的胃粘膜ＮＯＳ活性及空腹血清胃泌素浓度的变化，产与１２例非常溃疡性消化不良患者进行比较。结果显示：活动期ＤＵ患者胃粘膜ＮＯＳ活性及血清胃泌素浓度明显高于抗ＨＰ治疗后的愈合期ＤＵ患者（Ｐ〈０．００１和Ｐ〈０．０５）。愈合期ＤＵ患者思粘膜ＮＯＳ活性及胃泌素浓度与     

芪连汤治疗十二指肠溃疡60例

目的：观察芪连汤对十二指肠溃疡的治疗作用。方法：１２０例患随机分为治疗和对照组,分别予以芪连汤和西药（阿莫西林、得乐胶囊、西米替丁）治疗,疗程１个月。结果：两组总有效率、治愈率均无明显差异,但６个月、１２个月后溃疡复发率,治疗组均低于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）;治疗组幽门螺旋杆菌（ＨＰ）根除率较对照组高（Ｐ〈０．０５）;治疗组治疗后Ｏ＾－２含量明显下降、ＳＯＤ活性升高（Ｐ〈０．０５,Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

十二指肠溃疡胃粘膜一氧化氮合成酶的观察

本文研究和比较活动期和愈合期十二指肠溃疡（ＤＵ）患者及其ＨＰ根除前后胃粘膜一氧化氮合成酶（ＮＯＳ）活性。３０例ＤＵ胃窦粘膜ＮＯＳ活性及胃体粘膜ＮＯＳ活性分别是对照组胃窦和胃体的１．７５倍和１．８４倍（Ｐ＜０．０５）。２７例ＨＰ阳性ＤＵ胃窦粘膜ＮＯＳ活性是６例ＨＰ阳性对照胃窦粘膜ＮＯＳ活性的１．６倍（Ｐ＜０．０５）。２８例愈合期ＤＵ胃窦与胃体粘膜ＮＯＳ活性较治疗前明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），并接近对照组水平（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果提示，ＤＵ患者胃粘膜活性明显增高，其增高与ＨＰ感染无直接关系，ＮＯ在ＤＵ发病过程中的作用尚不清楚。     

缺血性脑血管患者血清NO水平变化及其临床意义的研究

目的：探讨缺血性脑血管疾病患者不同时期血清一氧化氮（ＮＯ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的变化。方法：检测２４例短暂性脑缺血（ＴＩＡ）、５２例脑梗塞、４５例脑动脉硬化患者不同时期血清ＮＯ、ＳＯＤ及ＭＤＡ含量变化并与２８例健康人对照分析。结果：与健康对照组比较：急性期：血清ＮＯ水平,ＴＩＡ组与脑梗塞组显著升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）;脑动脉硬化组显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）;各患者组ＳＯＤ活性显著     

NO,SOD,MDA与缺血性脑血管病的关系研究

目的：探讨缺血性脑血管病患者不同时期血清一氧化氮（ＮＯ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的变化。方法：检测２４例短暂性脑缺血（ＴＩＡ）、５２例脑梗死、４５例脑动脉硬化患者不同时期血清ＮＯ,ＳＯＤ及ＭＤＡ含量变化并与２８例健康人作对照分析。结果：与健康对照组比较：急性期血清ＮＯ水平,ＴＩＡ组与脑梗死组明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）;脑动脉梗化明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）;各患者组ＳＯＤ活性明显降低     

柴胡桂枝汤对大鼠胃溃疡愈合质量的影响

目的：研究柴胡桂枝汤对胃溃疡愈合质量的影响。方法：用冰醋酸制备大鼠慢性胃溃疡模型,随机分为Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ三组,分别投给生理盐水、柴胡桂枝汤和西咪替丁。用ＨＥ染色和粘液组织化学染色对大鼠愈合性胃溃疡再生粘膜进行定量观察。用硝酸还原酶法检测胃粘膜ＮＯ含量。结果：柴胡桂枝汤组和西咪替丁组再生粘膜厚度、粘液指数高于生理盐水组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,粘膜肌层缺损宽度小于生理盐水组（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＮＯ含量高于生理盐水组（Ｐ〈０．０１或０．０５）;柴胡桂枝汤组粘液指数及ＮＯ含量高于西咪替丁组（Ｐ〈０．０５;０．０１）。结论：柴胡桂枝汤能提高溃疡愈合质量,溃疡愈合质量的提高是柴胡桂枝汤临床抗消化性溃疡复发的可能机理之一。     

幽门括约肌功能障碍与幽门螺杆菌和十十指肠球部病变的相关 …

目的 探讨幽门括约肌功能障碍与幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）的关系及前者在ＨＰ相关性十二指肠球部病变中的作用。方法 对观察组和对照组常规胃镜检查,胃窦活栓作ＨＰ关定量检测。结果 ①观察组和对照组之间ＨＰ阳性率无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）,两组男性ＨＰ阳性率亦无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）;②两组ＨＰ阳性患者球部病变发生高于ＨＰ阴性者（Ｐ〈０．０５）;③对照组球部病变发生率高于观察组（Ｐ〈０．０５ Ｐ〈０．０１）     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.