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1.
大鼠慢传输型便秘模型的建立及其结肠肌电变化检测   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
 目的拟应用复方苯乙哌啶建立一种大鼠慢传输型便秘模型,并采用电生理技术检测便秘大鼠的结肠肌电变化情况,旨在为慢传输型便秘的研究建立一种理想的动物模型,并从电生理的角度初步探讨慢传输型便秘的发病机制.方法健康Wistar大鼠74只,分2期进行实验.第1期42只,随机分7组,每组6只,筛选药物剂量;第2期32只,随机分为对照组、模型组,每组16只,根据所选药物剂量,建立大鼠慢传输型便秘模型.120 d后,采用活性炭灌胃法测定肠道传输速度,同时采用电生理技术进行结肠肌电检测.结果慢传输型便秘模型组大鼠肠道传输速度与对照组相比明显减慢,首粒黑便排出时间为(356±50)min,较对照组大鼠显著延长[(249±35)min,P<0.01].模型组大鼠结肠慢波出现双向改变,部分大鼠结肠慢波频率明显减慢(P<0.01),振幅增加(P<0.01),波形仍表现为不规则的近似正弦波样曲线;部分大鼠结肠慢波频率出现快速性改变(P<0.01),振幅强弱不等(P<0.01),波形较不稳定,且出现基线位移.结论成功建立了大鼠慢传输型便秘模型,该模型简单经济,可重复性强.本研究表明结肠慢波异常可能是导致慢传输型便秘结肠传输减慢的重要因素.  相似文献   

2.
目的 研究慢传输型便秘大鼠结肠肌间神经丛内胆碱能 (AchE)神经及氮能 (NOS)神经的变化 ,探讨慢传输型便秘的发病机制。方法 建立大鼠慢传输型便秘模型 ,利用铺片技术制作结肠肌间神经丛标本 ,采用组织化学技术行结肠肌间神经丛内AchE神经及NOS神经染色。结果 与正常大鼠比较 ,模型组结肠肌间神经丛内AchE阳性神经分布较稀疏 ,神经元数量较少 ,但胞体增大 ,染色加深 (阳性细胞数、核浆比例分别为 14 34± 4 5 6vs2 7 5 6± 6 6 4 ;0 5 7± 0 2 0vs 0 76± 0 18,P <0 0 1) ;NOS阳性神经元分布较稀疏 ,数量较少 ,染色较淡 ,节间束纤维减少 (阳性细胞数、弱阳性细胞数分别为 7 10± 2 0 4vs 11 16± 2 81;2 2 1± 1 38vs 0 84±0 6 7,P <0 0 1)。结论 慢传输型便秘大鼠肠神经系统存在明显的病理改变 ,结肠传输功能障碍与肠壁内胆碱能和氮能神经的病理改变和 (或 )功能障碍有关。  相似文献   

3.
目的研究介入动脉栓塞后对小肠肌电活动的影响,为小肠病变栓塞治疗后监测肠管存活和指导临床处理提供理论依据。方法20只正常家兔,分别经小肠动脉注射PVA(350~550μm)2、6mg和生理盐水2ml,分为2mg组(10只),6mg组(5只)和对照组(5只)。利用微导管动脉栓塞技术,以基本电节律为观察指标,研究各组动脉栓塞后24h小肠肌电活动的改变。结果2mg组小肠动脉PVA栓塞前后慢波频率和波幅分别为(17.83±0.55)次/min、(0.1641±0.0043)mV和(11.59±0.23)次/min、(0.0739±0.0011)mV,慢波频率和波幅明显下降(P<0.01)。6mg组栓塞后3~6h后基本电节律(basalelectricalrhythm,BER)活动逐渐消失,剖腹探查示肠管发生长短不等坏死。对照组小肠动脉生理盐水注射前后慢波频率和波幅分别为(17.89±0.48)次/min、(0.1632±0.0020)mV和(16.95±0.34)次/min、(0.1606±0.0030)mV,慢波频率和波幅无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论小肠动脉介入栓塞后对小肠BER影响显著,近端空肠电活动的慢波频率和波幅明显下降,小肠动脉介入栓塞后对胃肠道平滑肌慢波电活动主要表现为抑制作用,小肠动脉PVA栓塞后有望通过动态监测BER改变来判断肠壁存活与否。  相似文献   

4.
西沙必利治疗胃电节律失常机制的实验研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 探讨西沙必利治疗胃电节律失常的机制。方法 建立大鼠胃电节律失常模型 ,给予西沙必利治疗 ,并设正常大鼠作为对照 ,检测胃窦肌间神经丛内胆碱能神经、氮能神经及cAMP、cGMP含量变化情况。结果 西沙必利使模型大鼠胃电节律失常明显减少 ,慢波频率变异系数 (2 3 2 0± 1 89%vs36 0 1± 8 6 6 % )、异常节律指数 (6 4 3±3 6 0 %vs 18 0 1±11 0 8% )显著下降 (P <0 0 1) ;胃窦肌间神经丛内胆碱能神经增多 (2 2 95± 8 37%vs15 2 1± 5 6 0 % )、氮能神经减少 (9 5 1±3 16 %vs15 0 2± 4 4 6 % ) (P <0 0 1) ,平滑肌组织中cAMP(2 4 5 0 5 5±6 8 6 6 1FM/mgvs5 10 4 93± 2 6 9 6 79FM/mg)、cGMP(13 791± 2 15 8FM/mgvs 17 5 78± 4 5 82FM/mg)含量降低 (P<0 0 5 )。结论 西沙必利治疗胃电节律失常是通过增加胃窦肌间神经丛胆碱能神经含量、减少氮能神经含量 ,进而使胃窦平滑肌组织中cAMP、cGMP含量减少实现的。  相似文献   

5.
电刺激训练前后肌肉力量交叉迁移效果的实验观察   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
采用T90 - 1型电刺激肌肉力量训练仪对 10名 19~ 2 1岁男性二级运动员左腿股前肌群进行电刺激训练 ,测定等长状态时伸膝与屈膝肌肉力量。结果 :受试者左腿股前肌群 (主动肌群 )伸膝力量提高 4 7± 3 5kg(P <0 0 1) ,对抗肌群 (股后肌群 )屈膝力量提高 2 1± 2 8kg(P <0 0 1)。右腿股前肌群 (主动肌群 )伸膝力量提高 2 6± 0 5 5kg(P <0 0 1) ,对抗肌群 (股后肌群 )屈膝力量提高 1 0± 0 71kg(P <0 0 5 )。表明电刺激左腿股前肌群明显提高股后肌群的力量的同时 ,亦可有效地提高右腿股前、股后肌群的力量。  相似文献   

6.
目的 探讨高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉 4 0注射液 (HSH)对小肠黏膜微循环血流量 (IMMBF)的影响。方法 健康SD大鼠 6 0只 ,其中 6只为正常对照 ,麻醉后不放血 ,检测其IMMBF。 5 4只大鼠 15min内放血至平均动脉压为 5 33kPa(4 0mmHg)并维持 6 0min ,其中6只检测IMMBF ,作为复苏前水平 ,2 4只大鼠给予 6ml/kg的HSH复苏 (HSH组 ) ,2 4只给予失血量 2倍的乳酸林格液复苏 (RL组 ) ,每组于休克后 90、12 0、180和 30 0min 4个时间点测量IMMBF。每只大鼠在检测完IMMBF后 ,取小肠送病理检查。结果 正常SD大鼠IMMBF基础水平为 110 6 7± 11 6 3mV ,6 0min休克期结束后降为 2 5 78± 10 77mV ;HSH组 4个时间点IMMBF分别为 10 3 2 2± 7 96、92 5 0± 14 4 7、86 17±10 35和 12 2 33± 8 30mV ;RL组 4个时间点IMMBF分别为 6 1 89± 6 4 1、6 4 95± 12 94、6 3 4 2± 6 4 6和 86 5 0±13 5 1mV。HSH组和RL组各时间点IMMBF差异有统计学意义(P <0 0 5 )。病理检查显示HSH组小肠黏膜结构快速恢复到正常状态 ,而RL组则出现进一步的损伤。结论 HSH改善失血性休克大鼠IMMBF的作用比RL强 ,对小肠黏膜有保护作用。  相似文献   

7.
目的 :分析高原移居者服用银杏叶片前后睡眠结构和睡眠中血氧饱和度 (SaO2 )的变化 ,初步评价银杏叶提取物对高原移居者睡眠呼吸障碍的调节作用。方法 :随机选择 15例移居海拔 370 0m30d、Epworth嗜睡量表评分≥ 9分的 30岁以上自愿参加本试验的汉族男性军人 ,在服用银杏叶片 (16 0mg ,2次 /d) 15d前后应用CFM - 8型便携式多导睡眠监测仪进行睡眠监测 ,观察受试者睡眠结构的改变 ,并用深圳安科公司生产的ASC - 5 45型掌式血氧仪同步监测SaO2 变化。结果 :服药 15d后受试者入睡后醒觉次数明显减少 (34.13± 3.6 4,30 .2 0± 3.84 ,P <0 .0 1) ,慢波睡眠比率增加 (17.4 7± 3.80 ,2 0 .4 0± 3.2 5 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,总睡眠时间延长 (4 48.93± 32 .4 9,4 86 .2 0±33.5 1,P <0 .0 1) ,有效睡眠指数显著增高 (84 .5 3± 3.89,88.87± 3.4 6 ,P <0 .0 1) ;睡眠监测过程中最低SaO2 (6 6 5 3± 2 10 ,6 8 4 7± 2 0 7,P <0 0 5 )和平均SaO2 (82 89± 5 96 ,85 30± 6 37,P <0 0 0 1)均增高 ,氧减饱和度指数 (17 93± 3 10 ,15 4 0± 2 38,P <0 0 5 )及SaO2 ≤ 85 %的时间占总监测时间的百分比 (5 4 0 7± 5 0 2 ,4 7 93± 4 79,P <0 0 1)明显降低。结论 :银杏叶制剂可有效改善高原移居者的睡眠呼  相似文献   

8.
便秘患者肠菌群的调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的 探讨便秘患者肠菌群的特征。方法 通过活菌定量培养计数法 ,动态观察了 5 8例便秘患者粪便菌群的变化规律 ,并与 5 6例健康人比较。结果 健康对照组双歧杆菌、类杆菌、乳酸杆菌、梭杆菌、肠杆菌、肠球菌每克粪便里的活菌数分别是 :9.88± 0 .6 8,9.0 2± 0 .5 2 ,8.35± 1.2 1,5 .5 2± 1.6 0 ,7.82± 1.12 ,7.4 2± 2 .4 2 ,便秘组上述各活菌数依次为 :6 .96± 0 74 ,7.0 3± 0 .6 8,7.31± 1.32 ,7.6 8± 1.4 2 ,8.71± 1.0 2 ,7.2 9± 2 .0 1。两组比较 ,便秘组粪便中的双歧杆菌、类杆菌均减少非常显著 (P <0 .0 1) ;乳酸杆菌减少显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;梭杆菌增高非常显著 (P <0 .0 1) ;肠杆菌增高显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,B/E值减低非常显著 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 便秘病人肠道菌群的微生态平衡受到破坏 ,主要表现在以双歧杆菌为主的益生菌数量显著减少 ,腐败梭菌等条件致病菌数量显著增高。  相似文献   

9.
大腹皮对大鼠胃电节律失常的影响及其机制   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6  
为探讨大腹皮对大鼠胃电节律失常的影响及其机制,将30只健康成年Wistar大鼠随机分为3组:①正常对照组;②模型组;③大腹皮+模型组。通过胃电记录仪记录并分析各组慢波频率、慢波频率变异系数及异常节律指数,同时对各组大鼠胃窦肌间神经从胆碱能及氮能神经进行组化染色。结果发现,模型组大鼠胃慢波频率变异系数及异常节律指数明显高于对照组(P<0.01),应用大腹皮后模型组大鼠胃慢波频率变异系数及异常节律指数与对照组差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);模型组大鼠胃窦肌间神经丛胆碱能神经密度明显低于对照组(P<0.01),氮能神经密度明显高于对照组(P<0.05),应用大腹皮后大鼠胃窦肌间神经从胆碱能和氮能神经密度明显减少,与对照组比较差异无显性意义(P>0.05)。提示,大腹皮对大鼠胃电节律失常具有调节作用,其机制可能与增加胃窦肌间神经丛胆碱能神经分布及减少氮能神经分布有关。  相似文献   

10.
目的 探讨长期居住海拔 5 0 0 0m以上地区人群睡眠呼吸障碍的特征以及复方红景天的调节作用。方法 居住海拔 5 3 80m高原 1年的 16名青年在口服复方红景天胶囊 ( 2粒 ,2次 /d)前和连续服药 2 4d后用上海海神医疗电子仪器厂生产的CFM 8型便携式脑电监测仪进行睡眠脑电C3/A1 、眼动图、心电图、颏肌肌电图、口鼻气流及胸腹部呼吸运动监测 ,每人每夜连续监测 7h。结果  ( 1)受试者服药前睡眠各期百分率依次为 :非快动眼睡眠 (NREM )Ⅰ期 ( 5 5 .3 6± 1 5 1) %,Ⅱ期 ( 2 6.5 6± 0 .46) %,Ⅲ期 ( 7 0 2± 0 .5 6) %,Ⅳ期 ( 5 .81± 0 48) %,快动眼睡眠(REM )期 ( 5 2 5± 0 .2 0 ) %;( 2 )服药 2 4d后非快动眼睡眠Ⅰ期 ( 4 7.97± 1.5 7) %、Ⅱ期 ( 2 4.2 6± 0 .71) %明显缩短 ,Ⅲ期 ( 10 .46± 0 .68) %、Ⅳ期( 9.3 4± 0 .49) %以及快动眼睡眠期 ( 7.89± 0 84) %显著延长 ;( 3 )服药 2 4d后每小时周期性呼吸 (PB)的次数减少 [( 2 1.0 0± 9.65 ) ,( 11.75±6.2 5 ) ,P <0 .0 5 ] ,平均时间缩短 [( 5 5 .2 5± 9.3 0 )s ,( 4 2 .0 0± 3 .3 8)s,P <0 .0 1] ;( 4 )服药后每小时呼吸暂停 (SA)的次数亦减少 [( 8.5 0± 4.63 ) ,( 4 .2 5± 2 .76) ,P <0 .0 5 ] ,其平均时间缩短 [( 16.2 5± 3 .0 6)s  相似文献   

11.
12.
成批煤气爆燃烧伤的救治体会   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
报道治疗因煤气泄漏爆炸烧伤病员7例,经应用MEBT技术积极救治,其中6例于伤后17天痊愈出院,另一例特重伤员也于伤后30天康复出院。作者认为:应严格按照MEBT/MEBO要求进行规范治疗,正确处理生命体征、休克、感染、脏器功能和创面的辨证关系。同时,不能忽视外科营养在过程中的重要作用,它是创面修复的物质保证。  相似文献   

13.
In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.  相似文献   

14.
新疆石河子地区奶牛隐性乳房炎的调查与分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用LMT法对新疆石河子地区三个规模化奶牛场泌乳牛群进行了隐性乳房炎检测,共检测994头泌乳牛3976个乳区.结果表明:奶牛隐性乳房炎阳性率为81.9%,乳区阳性率为49.1%.数据分析表明,不同年龄、胎次以及有无卧床奶牛的隐性乳房炎阳性率差异显著(P<0.05),后乳区的隐性乳房炎感染率显著高于前乳区感染率(P<0.05),隐性乳房炎乳区发生数也明显影响当日产奶量(P<0.05).  相似文献   

15.

Objectives

Women are resistant to neuromuscular fatigue compared to men in response to a range of exercise tasks. The sex differences in the neuromuscular responses to load carriage have yet to be investigated.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Methods

Twenty-three male and 19 female British Army recruits completed a 9.7 km loaded march within 90 min, with the weight carried dependent on military trade (16 ± 2 kg for men and 15 ± 1 kg for women). Isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force of the knee extensors and vertical jump (VJ) height were examined pre- and post-loaded march to examine neuromuscular fatigue. Heart rate (HR) was recorded throughout and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded following the march.

Results

HR was higher for women (173 ± 9 b min?1, 83 ± 6% heart rate reserve) than men (158 ± 8 b min?1, 72 ± 6% heart rate reserve) (p  0.001). RPE following the march was also higher for women than men (6 ± 2 vs 4 ± 2, respectively, p < 0.001). The loss in MVC force was greater for men than women (?12 ± 9% vs ?9 ± 13%, respectively, p = 0.031), however VJ height was impaired to a similar extent (?5 ± 11% vs ?5 ± 6%, respectively, p = 0.582).

Conclusions

The greater physiological stress during load carriage for women compared to men did not translate to a greater severity of knee extensor muscle fatigue, with women demonstrating fatigue resistance.  相似文献   

16.

Background

The local muscular endurance of knee flexors, during eccentric work in particular, is important in preventing or delaying kinematic changes associated with fatigue during treadmill running. This result, however, may not be transferable to overground running.

Objective

To test the hypothesis that overground running is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue.

Methods

Thirteen runners (12 male and one female) performed an isokinetic muscle test three to four days before and 18 hours after a marathon. Both legs were tested. The testing protocol consisted of concentric and eccentric quadriceps and hamstring contractions.

Results

There were no significant differences between peak torque before and after the race, except that eccentric peak hamstring torque (both thighs) was reduced.

Conclusion

Overground running (running a marathon) is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue. Eccentric hamstring fatigue may be a potential risk factor for knee and soft tissue injuries during running. Eccentric hamstring training should therefore be introduced as an integral part of the training programme of runners.  相似文献   

17.
目的:对42例肺心病慢性呼吸性酸中毒患者的80例次血气测定结果。方法:用不同的酸碱图(卡)及代偿公式进行酸碱类型的初步差别分析。结果:结合临床表现、各种影响因素与治疗反应等作出综合判定。结论:比较二种判定的差异,并提出较为实用、可靠的判断建议,以助于复合型呼吸性酸碱失衡的临床诊断与处理。  相似文献   

18.
Primary hyperoxaluria (PH1) is a rare inborn autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to the deficiency of hepatic alanine-glyoxylate-aminotransferase. This deficiency results in excessive synthesis and urinary excretion of oxalate, inducing renal stone formation and deposition of calcium oxalate in the kidney, bone, myocardium, and vessels (systemic oxalosis, SO) in the most severely affected individuals. We report renal and skeletal changes in a 3-month-old girl with PH1 and SO. Intense cortico-medullary hyperechogenicity and increased homogeneous radiopacity of normal-sized kidneys suggested the diagnosis of SO. Skeletal survey showed osteopenia and characteristic symmetrical metaphyseal transverse bands in long bones, progressively becoming more dense and migrating towards the diaphysis. Multiple pathological and slowly healing fractures of the limbs occurred at the dense band level. A radiopaque rim was then observed in flat bones, epiphyseal nuclei, and vertebral bodies. Inflammatory granulomatous reaction, induced by the presence of oxalate crystals in the marrow spaces, coexisted with progressively evident radiological signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism, with partially overlapping features. The patient was treated by peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis until combined liver–kidney transplantation. There are no previous reports of infants treated with hemodialysis for more than 2 years.  相似文献   

19.
Interventional oncology in private practice requires expert training and can be performed in a stand-alone facility for type 1 procedures in a hospital setting for type 2 and 3 procedures where subspecialized radiologists, state-of-the-art equipment, and postprocedure hospital monitoring are available. A multidisciplinary effort with oncologists, internal medicine physicians and anesthesiologists is necessary. The practice of interventional oncology requires around the clock availability, meticulous and established protocols and procedures and a financial investment. On the other hand, it is professionally gratifying because of constant technical advances and the impact on patients.  相似文献   

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