三阴乳腺癌组织中PTEN、p53和BAG-1的表达及临床意义

目的探究三阴乳腺癌组织中PTEN、p53和BAG-1的表达及临床意义。方法选取该院2013年12月-2015年2月三阴乳腺癌女性病患手术石蜡包埋标本91例。利用免疫组织化学SP法对三阴乳腺癌组织中PTEN、p53和BAG-1的表达情况进行检测,分析PTEN、p53和BAG-1的表达与临床特征的相关性及三者间的联系。结果 PTEN的阳性表达率随着组织学分级的升高而降低,有淋巴转移组的阳性表达率明显低于无转移组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。p53的阳性表达率随着组织学分级的升高而升高,有淋巴转移组的阳性表达率明显高于无转移组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。BAG-1的阳性表达率随着组织学分级升高而升高,而随着p TNM分期的升高而降低,有淋巴转移组的阳性表达率明显高于无转移组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。PTEN表达与p53、BAG-1表达均呈负相关(r=-0.718,-0.786,均P0.05),且p53表达与BAG-1表达呈负相关(r=-0.687,P0.05)。结论 PTEN、p53及BAG-1在三阴乳腺癌中的表达有一定的相关性,临床上同时检测三者可为三阴乳腺癌的预后及治疗提供相应的病理指导。     

p53,Ki67,GST-π和MDR-1在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的 研究抑癌基因蛋白p53、细胞核增殖相关抗原Ki67、耐药基因谷胱甘肽S-转移酶-pi(GST-π)和多药耐药基因MDR-1在卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中的表达,探讨其表达与卵巢癌临床病理参数及预后的相关性.方法 应用免疫组化法检测20例良性肿瘤,20例交界性肿瘤及108例卵巢上皮性癌的卵巢肿瘤组织p53、Ki67、GST-π和MDR-1的表达情况.结果 p53、Ki67、GST-π和MDR-1卵巢交界性肿瘤及上皮性癌中的阳性表达率明显高于良性肿瘤(P＜0.01),p53与Ki67之间、Ki67与GST-π之间相关系数差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).p53蛋白表达与卵巢癌组织分化程度相关系数差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);Ki67与组织分化程度、病理类型及CA125水平相关系数差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),GST-π及MDR -1与卵巢癌临床病理参数相关系数差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).p53阳性表达患者的无瘤生存时间及总生存时间明显低于p53阴性表达患者(P＜0.05),多因素回归显示p53阳性表达可作为预测卵巢癌无瘤生存预后的独立因素(P＜0.05).结论 p53、Ki67、GST-π和MDR-1蛋白阳性表达与卵巢癌的发生发展有密切关系,p53可作为预测卵巢癌预后的重要因素.     

HER-2、Ki67、E-cadherin表达水平与乳腺癌患者淋巴结转移的相关性

目的 探讨人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER-2)、增殖细胞核抗原(Ki67)、上皮性钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)表达水平与乳腺癌患者淋巴结转移的相关性。方法 选取本院2015年12月至2018年7月收治的乳腺癌患者122例设为研究组,另选取同期收治的122例乳腺良性肿瘤患者设为对照组。所有患者均采取手术治疗,于术中切取病变组织,以免疫组化法测定HER-2、Ki67、E-cadherin表达情况并统计两组阳性表达率、研究组不同淋巴结转移情况患者阳性表达率,分析HER-2、Ki67、E-cadherin阳性表达情况和乳腺癌淋巴结转移间的相关性。结果 研究组HER-2、Ki67、E-cadherin的阳性表达率分别为59.84%、74.59%、83.61%,均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。淋巴结转移者HER-2、Ki67阳性表达率均高于未转移者,E-cadherin阳性表达率低于未转移者,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。经Pearson检验可知,HER-2、Ki67阳性表达率与乳腺癌淋巴结转移间存在正相关关系(均P0.05),E-cadherin与其存在负相关关系(P0.05)。结论 乳腺癌患者HER-2、Ki67、E-cadherin阳性表达率升高且伴淋巴结转移者升高更加明显,临床上可通过检测以上指标预测患者淋巴结转移风险。     

胃癌组织中Ki67、EGFR、p53阳性表达情况及其临床意义分析

目的探讨胃癌组织中Ki67、表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、p53阳性表达情况及其临床意义。方法选取2017年9月至2019年8月在我院行手术治疗的胃癌患者90例,对其胃癌组织及癌旁组织的石蜡切片进行Ki67、EGFR、p53免疫组化染色,比较胃癌组织及癌旁组织中Ki67、EGFR、p53阳性表达率,并分析胃癌组织中Ki67、EGFR、p53阳性表达与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。结果胃癌组织中Ki67、EGFR、p53阳性表达率均高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。在Ki67、EGFR、p53阳性表达率方面,胃癌Ⅲ~Ⅳ期高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期,高中分化高于低分化,肌层及浆膜层浸润高于黏膜及黏膜下层浸润,淋巴结转移高于无淋巴结转移(P<0.05);但在肿瘤位置、肿瘤直径及病理组织类型方面,胃癌组织中Ki67、EGFR、p53阳性表达率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论Ki67、EGFR、p53阳性表达与胃癌发生、进展关系密切,可将其作为判断胃癌恶性程度与发展的有效指标。     

HER-2与细胞增殖抗原Ki67在乳腺癌组织中的表达及与临床病理学特征的关系

目的探讨人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER-2)与细胞增殖抗原Ki67在乳腺癌组织中的表达及意义。方法选取2013年8月-2016年7月在该院接受治疗的172例乳腺癌患者,采用免疫组织化学法检测乳腺癌组织HER-2和Ki67的表达情况。结果 HER-2和Ki67阳性率分别为62.79%和63.37%,HER-2和Ki67为阳性的均阳性率为38.95%。HER-2与Ki67表达无相关性(rs=-0.036,P0.05);不同年龄、肿瘤直径及孕激素受体(PR)表达患者中HER-2和Ki67阳性表达比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);有淋巴结转移患者HER-2和Ki67阳性表达率分别为75.00%和79.69%,明显高于无淋巴结转移患者(P0.05);HER-2和Ki67阳性表达与TNM分期有关(P0.05);雌激素受体(ER)阴性患者HER-2阳性率为84.93%,明显高于ER阳性患者(P0.05);HER-2和Ki67均阳性、HER-2阳性、Ki67阳性和HER-2和Ki67均阴性患者平均生存期为30.71个月、30.61个月、31.62个月和35.32个月,差异比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 HER-2与Ki67与乳腺癌患者病理学特征有一定的联系,可作为临床检测指标,但未发现与患者预后有关。     

鼻咽癌合并EB病毒感染外周血LMP-1、p53和Ki67表达与疾病进展的相关性

目的 探讨鼻咽癌合并EB病毒感染外周血潜伏膜蛋白1(LMP-1)、p53、Ki67表达水平与疾病进展的相关性。方法 选择2019年1月-2022年3月在西南医科大学附属医院肿瘤科确诊为鼻咽癌患者120例为研究对象,其中合并EB病毒感染患者85例纳入感染组,35例未感染患者纳入对照组,检测患者外周血LMP-1、p53、Ki67表达水平及其与鼻咽癌患者合并EB病毒感染临床特征的关系。结果 感染组患者LMP-1、p53和Ki67阳性表达率均高于对照组(P<0.05); LMP-1、p53和Ki67阳性表达与性别、年龄、T分期、病理类型、临床分期、淋巴结转移无相关性,与N分期具有相关性(P<0.05),且N分期越高,阳性表达率越高(P<0.05),远处转移患者阳性表达率高于未远处转移患者(P<0.05)。结论 鼻咽癌合并EB病毒感染患者外周血LMP-1、p53、Ki67阳性表达率升高,并与临床N分期、淋巴结远处转移具有相关性。     

蒲公英提取物对MKN-45胃癌细胞株P53和Ki67表达的影响

目的检测蒲公英提取物对MKN45胃癌细胞的P53、Ki67两种蛋白的表达的影响,探求中草药蒲公英抗癌作用的依据。方法以小鼠血清药物学方法配制蒲公英提取物药液,对MKN45胃癌细胞进行培养传代,取处于对数生长期的同一代细胞加入药液血清,应用免疫组化(S-P法)检测p53、Ki67的表达状况。结果 4组中p53的表达分别为100%(5/5)、60%(3/5)、80%(4/5)和60%(3/5),所有含药组合并后其P53阳性表达率与对照组之间具有显著性差异(p<0.05),各含药组的Ki67阳性表达率均高于对照组,分别为87%、96%、97%、92%,但目前尚未发现它们之间具有显著性差异(p>0.05)。结论蒲公英可能有降低胃癌细胞p53的阳性表达的作用。     

p53和PTEN基因在胃癌组织中的表达

目的检测胃癌患者胃癌组织中p53和PTEN基因的表达,并探讨其临床意义。方法选择青海省人民医院2015年2月—2016年3月收治的50例胃癌患者的胃癌组织标本作为本次研究对象,比较标本中p53与PTEN基因的表达情况。结果 50例患者胃癌组织p53基因的阳性表达率(72%)显著高于PTEN基因的阳性表达率(58%)(P0.05)。p53基因在胃癌不同病理指标中的阳性表达与胃癌分化程度、浸润深度和脏器转移均相关(P0.05)。PTEN基因在胃癌不同病理指标中的阳性表达与脏器转移相关(P0.05),而与胃癌分化程度和浸润深度无关(P0.05)。结论胃癌患者发病与其自身体内p53基因与PTEN基因异常表达有密切关联,这两种基因在胃癌发生及发展过程中均有着互相协调的作用,p53基因与PTEN基因可作为临床判断胃癌生物学行为的重要指标。     

246例乳腺癌超声特征与病理、分子生物学指标的相关性研究

目的 探讨乳腺癌超声表现与分子生物学指标雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、肿瘤抑制基因(P53)、原癌基因(CerbB-2)和肿瘤增殖抗原(Ki67)表达的相关性.方法 回顾性观察246例病理确诊为乳腺癌的超声图像与石蜡切片,分析超声征象与ER、PR、P53、CerbB-2和Ki67的关系.结果 (1)肿瘤的大小和Ki67阳性表达呈显著正相关(P＜0.01),ER、PR、P53和CerbB-2阳性表达率与肿瘤大小无相关性(P＞0.05).(2)有毛刺征的肿块比边缘光整的肿块有更高的ER、PR和P53阳性表达(P＜0.05).(3)腋窝淋巴结转移组中CerbB-2、Ki67阳性表达率高(P＜0.05),PR阳性表达率低(P＜0.01).(4)彩色多普勒显示血流越丰富,Ki67、P53阳性表达率越高(P＜0.05).结论 乳腺癌超声表现可在一定程度上反映分子生物学指标表达水平.     

CK17、p16和Ki67在宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌中的表达及其与HPV感染的相关性分析

目的研究CK17、p16和Ki67在宫颈癌前病变及宫颈癌中的表达,分析CK17、p16和Ki67的表达与HPV感染的相关性。方法选择2015年3月至2017年3月在本院接受诊治的55例宫颈上皮内瘤(对照组)和45例宫颈癌患者(观察组),采用免疫组织化学染色法检测CK17、p16和Ki67在各组中的表达情况,根据病理诊断标准,分析各组CK17、p16和Ki67的表达和HPV感染的相关性。结果从对照组、宫颈病变组到宫颈癌组p16、CK17及Ki67阳性表达率显著升高(P0.05),特别是宫颈癌组的p16和Ki67的阳性表达率高达100%,CK17的阳性表达率为87.10%。对照组的HPV感染率为15.38%,宫颈病变组为92.31%,而宫颈癌组为100%,明显高于对照组(P0.05)。p16、CK17及Ki67的表达与HPV的感染均显著相关(P0.05)。结论 p16、CK17及Ki67与HPV参与宫颈癌发病,且在宫颈癌发病过程中具有显著相关性。综合p16、CK17及Ki67的表达情况与HPV感染情况,有利于宫颈癌的诊断和治疗。     

Heat-related illnesses, deaths, and risk factors--Cincinnati and Dayton, Ohio, 1999, and United States, 1979-1997

During the summer of 1999, a heat wave occurred in the midwestern and eastern United States. This period of hot and humid weather persisted from July 12 through August 1, 1999, and caused or contributed to 22 deaths among persons residing in Cincinnati (18 deaths) and Dayton (four deaths). A CDC survey of 24 U.S. metropolitan areas indicated that Ohio recorded some of the highest rates for heat-related deaths during the 1999 heat wave, with Cincinnati reporting 21 per million and Dayton reporting seven per million (CDC, unpublished data, 1999). This report describes four heat-related deaths representative of those that occurred in Cincinnati or Dayton during the 1999 heat wave, summarizes heat-related deaths in the United States during 1979-1997, describes risk factors associated with heat-related illness and death, and recommends preventive measures.     

International standards and international reference preparations: amphotericin B, vancomycin, capreomycin, cefalotin, demethylchlortetracycline, gentamycin, gramicidin S, kanamycin and kanamycin B, lincomycin, lymecycline, methacycline, paromomycin, rifamycin SV, ristocetin and ristocetin B, spiramycin, and triacetyloleandomycin

Each of the preparations described here was obtained and evaluated at the request of a WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization. Unless otherwise stated, a standard procedure was used to distribute the material into individual ampoules. The procedure was as follows. Upon receipt by the National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), London, materials were stored temporarily in the dark at a temperature of -10°C or lower, and protected from moisture. At a convenient time they were brought back to room temperature, mixed, and distributed into individual neutral glass ampoules so that each ampoule contained 50-100 mg of powder. If it was known that the material was light-sensitive non-actinic glass ampoules were used. After exhaustive drying in vacuum over phosphorus(V) oxide, the ampoules were either constricted (up to 1963) or fitted with capillary leak plugs, dried for a further period under the same conditions, filled with dry nitrogen, and sealed by fusion of the glass. The total drying period varied from 8 to 38 days according to the nature of the material. After they had been tested for leaks, the ampoules were stored in the dark at -20°C.     

Zinc, copper, and magnesium and risks for all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular mortality

BACKGROUND: Experimental data suggest that zinc, copper, and magnesium are involved in carcinogenesis and atherogenesis. Few longitudinal studies have related these minerals to cancer or cardiovascular disease mortality in a population. METHODS: Data from the Paris Prospective Study 2, a cohort of 4035 men age 30-60 years at baseline, were used to assess the association between serum zinc, copper, and magnesium and all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality. Serum mineral values measured at baseline were divided into quartiles and classified into low (1st quartile, referent group), medium (2nd-3rd quartiles), and high (4th quartile) values. During 18-year follow up, 339 deaths occurred, 176 as a result of cancer and 56 of cardiovascular origin. Relative risks (RRs) for each element were inferred using Cox's proportional hazard model after controlling for various potential confounders. RESULTS: High copper values (4th quartile) were associated with a 50% increase in RRs for all-cause deaths (RR = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.1-2.1), a 40% increase for cancer mortality (1.4; 0.9-2.2), and a 30% increase for cardiovascular mortality (1.3; 0.6-2.8) compared with low values (1st quartile). High magnesium values were negatively related to mortality with a 40% decrease in RR for all-cause (0.6; 0.4-0.8) and cardiovascular deaths (0.6; 0.2-1.2) and by 50% for cancer deaths (0.5; 0.3-0.8). Additionally, subjects with a combination of low zinc and high copper values had synergistically increased all-cause (2.6; 1.4-5.0) and cancer (2.7; 1.0-7.3) mortality risks. Similarly, combined low zinc and high magnesium values were associated with decreased all-cause (0.2; 0.1-0.5) and cancer (0.2; 0.1-0.8) mortality risks. CONCLUSIONS: High serum copper, low serum magnesium, and concomitance of low serum zinc with high serum copper or low serum magnesium contribute to an increased mortality risk in middle-aged men.     

Psychological distress, gender, and health lifestyles in Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine

This paper examines the relationship between psychological distress, gender, and health lifestyles in Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Ukraine. These countries have been subjected to highly stressful and extensive social change associated with the transition out of communism. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews (n = 10,406) in November 2001. Distress was measured by 12 psychological distress symptoms. Health lifestyles focused on measures of alcohol consumption, smoking and diet. We found that females carried a much heavier burden of psychological distress than males, but this distress did not translate into greater alcohol consumption and smoking for these women or for men. The greatest influence of distress on health lifestyle practices was on daily diets in that both less distressed females and males consumed a more balanced diet than more distressed persons. Our findings suggest that it is the normative demands of a particular lifestyle, rather than distress, that principally shapes the pattern of heavy male drinking. This is an important finding as some sources indicate heavy drinking is largely responsible for the health crisis in the former socialist states.     

Dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, and blood pressure

The cross-sectional association of systolic blood pressure with dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, as estimated from dietary histories, was investigated by multiple regression analysis of data gathered in the Netherlands in the early 1950s in a general health examination of 2,291 middle-aged civil servants and spouses of civil servants. A statistically significant negative trend with systolic blood pressure was seen for calcium intake in both males and females, even after adjustments for covariates. For sodium and potassium intake, the observed negative trends were not significant after multivariate analyses. In addition, no consistent associations were found between diastolic blood pressure and the micronutrients after multivariate analyses, except for a significant negative association with calcium intake in females. In this study population, blood pressure was a strong independent risk factor of total mortality: 15- and 25-year mortality was about twice as high for hypertensives (greater than or equal to 160 mmHg) as for normotensives (less than 160 mmHg). These findings support the conclusion in recent epidemiologic studies that higher intakes of calcium are associated with lower systolic blood pressure, and they extend the evidence to an earlier time period.     

Professional and Consumer Publications, Programs, Audiovisuals, and Software

Books, curricula, audiovisuals, and other resources that nutrition professionals may use for reference, continuing education, or in a formal or informal education setting are designated “professional.” Books, handouts, diet plans, and other resources specified by authors as being written for general audiences are categorized as “consumer.” Inclusion of any material in this section does not imply endorsement by the Society for Nutrition Education. Evaluative comments contained in the reviews reflect the views of the authors. Prices quoted are those provided by the publishers at the time materials were submitted. They may no longer be current when the review is published.