集束化护理管理对ICU脓毒症患者早期脱机的影响

目的探讨集束化护理管理对ICU脓毒症患者早期脱机的影响。方法选择我院2013年6月～2014年6月收入ICU治疗的脓毒症并且接受机械通气的患者100例,随机分为观察组(n=50)及对照组(n=50),对照组采用常规护理干预措施,在此基础上观察组增加集束化护理管理。记录每位患者脱机开始时的急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分,血气分析,血钙、镁、磷,脱机前机械通气时间、脱机成功率、脱机成功所需次数、脱机全过程所需时间。结果脱机开始时,两组患者的APACHEⅡ评分、pH值、PaCO_2、血浆白蛋白水平、血清磷、镁、钙含量以及脱机前机械通气时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均0.05)。观察组第7天和第14天时的脱机成功率显著高于对照组(76%vs 40%,86%vs 64%,χ~2=4.677,4.661,P=0.031,0.046)。此外,观察组脱机1次成功的患者明显高于对照组(40 vs 16,χ~2=5.350,P=0.034)。观察组脱机全过程所需时间明显低于对照组(8.54±2.09vs 13.32±2.19,t=9.320,P=0.045)。结论早期集束化护理干预可有效帮助ICU脓毒症患者的早期脱机,值得在临床上推广使用。     

集束化护理对严重脓毒症患者早期脱机的影响

目的:探讨集束化护理对严重脓毒症患者早期脱机的影响。方法:选取40例严重脓毒症患者临床资料,依据护理措施不同进行分组,对照组(常规护理措施)20例和试验组(集束化护理措施)20例。结果:试验组严重脓毒症患者28 d内机械通气时间、脱机24 h内再次上机率均优于对照组,试验组严重脓毒症患者呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率、患者满意度均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:集束化护理在严重脓毒症患者应用可以提高脱成功率,预后水平较好,值得临床推广应用。     

呼吸机集束化护理干预对呼吸机相关性肺炎患者的预防效果

目的:探究呼吸机集束化护理预防呼吸机相关性肺炎患者的临床效果,为后期临床提供参考。方法:选取90例呼吸机相关性肺炎患者作为本组的研究对象,根据不同护理方式将90例患者分为观察组与对照组,每组各45例。对照组患者给予常规护理,观察组患者在对照组基础上给予集束化护理。观察并比较两组患者经护理后有效率、通气时间、满意度、脱机率等。结果:观察组患者总有效率88.9%,对照组患者71.1%;两组患者在死亡率、临床总有效率、机械通气时间、脱机成功率及护理满意度比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:呼吸机相关性肺炎患者采用集束化护理干预可降低患者死亡率,提高临床疗效和患者满意度,值得在后期临床中推广及应用。     

集束化护理管理在机械辅助通气患者中的应用价值研究

目的:探究集束化护理管理在机械辅助通气患者中的应用价值。方法:随机选取146例重症监护室收治机械通气患者进行分析研究,并分为对照组和观察组两组,对照组采取常规护理,观察组采取集束化护理管理,护理后分析对比两组病患使用呼吸机的时间及VAP发生率。结果:采取集束化管理的观察组患者情况均明显优于对照组患者。结论:呼吸机相关性肺炎集束化护理管理对治疗机械辅助通气患者呼吸机相关性肺炎有积极意义,在临床上具有推广价值。     

集束化护理对肠内营养相关性腹泻患者的效果观察

目的:观察集束化护理对肠内营养相关性腹泻患者的临床效果。方法:选取重症加强护理病房100例肠内营养相关性腹泻患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各50例。对照组患者给予传统护理;观察组患者给予集束化护理。护理后,比较两组患者的不良反应率、不良事件发生率、机械通气时间及入住重症病房时间。结果:护理后,对照组患者发生不良反应12例,观察组4例;对照组患者的不良事件发生10例,观察组3例;对照组患者机械通气时间及入住重症病房时间均较观察组长,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在传统护理基础上对肠内营养相关性腹泻患者使用集束化护理能够降低其不良反应发生率和不良事件发生率,以及缩短患者的机械通气时间和入住重症病房时间的效果优于单纯传统护理。     

集束化护理在预防呼吸机相关性肺炎应用中的效果观察

目的:探讨集束化护理在预防呼吸机相关性肺炎中的应用价值。方法:选取2016年1月—2018年1月170例符合纳入标准的患者作为观察对象,随机分为观察组与对照组。对照组采用常规护理措施,观察组则采取集束化护理模式。观察两组患者呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生率、机械通气时间、住院时间以及气管切开发生率等指标的差异。结果:观察组呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生率、机械通气时间、住院时间以及气管切开发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:集束化护理在机械通气患者的临床护理中具有较好的应用价值,能够降低呼吸机相关性肺炎以及气管切开发生率,有助于改善患者的预后情况,促使患者早日出院。     

集束化护理在HIV感染并发肺结核行机械通气治疗中的应用

目的 探讨集束化护理在 (Human immunodeficiency virus, HIV) 感染合并肺结核行机械通气治疗中的临床效果.方法 将昆明市第三人民医院自2014年10月至2017年4月所收治的68例HIV感染合并肺结核行机械通气患者作为研究对象, 随机分为观察组和对照组, 对照组采取一般护理措施, 观察组在一般护理措施的基础上进行集束化护理, 以病死率、机械通气时间、呼吸机相关性肺炎 (VAP) 发生率、气胸发生率为观察指标.结果 观察组死亡率26.47%、对照组死亡率52.94% (P<0.05) ;机械通气时间观察组8.94 d、对照组13.35 d (P<0.05) ;VAP发生率观察组8.82%, 、对照组23.53% (P<0.05) ;气胸观察组发生率2.94%, 对照组14.70% (P<0.05) .结论 集束化护理可有效降低死亡率、VAP发生率、气胸发生率, 缩短机械通气时间, 明显改善患者预后.     

集束化护理干预策略对重型颅脑损伤患者呼吸机相关性肺炎的影响

目的探讨集束化护理干预策略在重型颅脑损伤患者预防呼吸机相关性肺炎中的实施效果。方法选取2012年1—12月蚌埠医学院第一附属医院ICU收住的重型颅脑损伤机械通气患者30例作为集束化护理干预组,另选取2011年1—12月蚌埠医学院第一附属医院ICU收住的重型颅脑损伤机械通气患者30例作为对照组。比较2组呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）发生率,机械通气时间和ICU住院天数。对照组实施常规护理：半卧位;口腔护理每日2次;每日唤醒和每天评估拔管脱机的可能;预防应激性溃疡。集束化护理干预组在常规护理的基础上增加了持续声门下吸引;预防深静脉血栓和增加口腔护理的频次为每日6次;重视？肖毒隔离。结果集束化护理干预组VAP发生率比对照组低,机械通气时间和ICU住院时间也较对照组缩短,2组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论集束化护理干预措施能有效降低重型颅脑损伤患者呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率,缩短患者机械通气时间和ICU住院时间。     

集束化护理对ICU肺炎患者的应用效果

目的 探讨集束化护理干预对ICU机械通气患者呼吸机相关性肺炎的预防影响.方法 选取我国2018年1月—2019年12月期间ICU治疗的82例机械通气患者,根据护理模式分为集束组(42例)和常规组(40例).常规组按照机械通气要求常规护理,集束组则增加集束化护理,对比两组呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率、脱机康复及转归情况.结果 集束组呼吸机相关性肺炎发生率(14.29％,6/42)显著低于常规组(32.50％,13/40),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 ICU机械通气患者采用集束化护理措施,对呼吸机相关性肺炎防控效果良好,且有助于患者尽快脱机康复,临床应用价值较高.     

集束化护理对RICU机械通气患者继发呼吸机相关性肺炎的预防效果

目的探讨集束化护理对呼吸重症监护室(RICU)机械通气患者继发呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的预防效果。方法选取焦作市人民医院2017年7月至2018年7月收治的140例RICU机械通气患者,根据随机数表法分为观察组(70例)和对照组(70例),给予对照组患者常规护理,给予观察组患者集束化护理,比较两组临床指标和护理前后血气指标。结果观察组住院时间和机械通气时间短于对照组、VAP发生率低于对照组、呼吸机成功撤出率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);护理后,两组PaO_2均上升,PaCO_2均下降(均P<0.05),且观察组PaO_2高于对照组,PaCO_2低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论将集束化护理应用于RICU机械通气患者,可有效预防VAP发生,对缩短患者病程、改善其血气指标具有积极作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.