不典型胸痛40例冠状动脉造影分析

不典型胸痛伴心电图负荷试验阳性时,临床上往往诊断为冠心病。不典型胸痛中究竟有多少为冠心病,国内尚少研究。本文分析我院自2002年来以不典型胸痛为突出表现,高度疑为冠心病而收住院的40例患者的冠状动脉造影资料,旨在探讨不典型胸痛患者冠心病的诊断问题。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组男32例,女8例,年龄37~66(48.8±7.97)岁,病程均在0.5 a以上。本组均以发作性胸痛、胸闷为突出表现,持续时间超过0.5 h,硝酸甘油含化或休息后胸痛缓解不确切。其中1例伴频发室性期前收缩,1例伴窦性心动过缓,其他病例均无心律失常。全部病例未见明显心肺器质性病变。胸痛病因难以确定,需行冠状动脉造影以排除冠心病。典型心绞痛、有心肌梗死史的胸痛、伴糖尿病的胸痛以及以心律失常为突出表现者未包括在本组病例中。1.2冠状动脉造影方法采用Judk ins法,血管内径狭窄≥50%时诊断为冠心病。2结果本组中14例造影证实有冠状动脉病变,其中2例狭窄程度在20%~40%,其余12例狭窄在50%~70%,符合冠心病诊断仅12例,占所有病变的30%。14例受累的血管为:左前降支10例,左回旋支1例,右冠状动脉3例,均为单支血管病变。其余26例...     

48例心电图正常的胸痛患者冠脉造影结果分析

目的了解心电图正常的胸痛患者冠脉造影的结果及特点,以指导临床诊疗。方法随机抽取48份心电图正常且作了冠脉造影的胸痛患者的出院病历,并对其冠脉造影结果进行分析。结果48例中7例冠状动脉造影异常被确诊为冠心病,占77.1%,其中单支病变9例（24.3%）,双支病变16例（43.2%）,三支病变12例（32.4%）。单支病变中轻度狭窄7例,多支血管病变中,有血管狭窄部位相对应的22例。结论以反复胸痛为主要症状而心电图正常的患者,不能轻易除外冠心病。经冠脉造影确诊为冠心病患者,其心电图正常可能与这些部位产生的缺血性ST-T改变向量相互抵消、病变进展缓慢及有良好的侧支循环、狭窄程度较轻有关。     

选择性冠状动脉造影226例分析

目的：探讨冠状动脉病变的特点。方法：对226例选择性冠状动脉造影资料进行回顾性分析。结果：冠状动脉狭窄程度≥50%的患者106例,阳性率46.9%;215支病变血管中,狭窄程度≥75%的占78.6%。多支病变64.2%,复杂病变67.9%。结论：冠状动脉造影是诊断冠心病的重要方法,是治疗方案制定的依据,缩短手术时间和熟练操作导管是减少造影并发症的关键。     

冠心病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度与心肌缺血总负荷相关性分析

目的：探讨冠心病患者冠状动脉狭窄程度与心肌缺血总负荷的关系,评估心肌缺血总负荷对冠状动脉狭窄程度的临床价值。方法：110例临床疑似冠心病患者行十二导动态心电图检查及冠状动脉造影,按冠状动脉造影结果分为4组：冠状动脉血管狭窄70％～99％组（A组）、50％～70％组（B组）、〈50％组（C组）和正常组（D组）。A组至少有一支冠状动脉完全闭塞含多支病变,B组至少有一支冠状动脉有不同程度狭窄含双支病变,C组为单支冠状动脉有狭窄而不能确诊冠心病,D组为冠状动脉造影完全正常。通过十二导动态心电图检查计算24h心肌缺血总负荷。结果：随冠状动脉狭窄程度增加、冠状动脉病变支数的增加,心肌缺血总负荷显著增加。结论：冠心病患者心肌缺血总负荷增高提示冠状动脉狭窄程度加重,冠心病患者病情加重。心肌缺血总负荷对评价冠心病病情预后及指导治疗有重要价值。     

选择性冠状动脉造影30例分析

目的：通过选择性冠状动脉造影30例分析，提高对冠状动脉病变的诊治水平。方法：本组30例，男27例，女3例；年龄33～80岁，60岁以上24例(占80％)，胸闷胸痛病史1年以上18例(占60％)，心电图异常的29例(约占97％)。常规采用Seldinger技术经皮股动脉穿刺行选择性多体位冠状动脉造影，图像以每秒15～30帧DSA数字工作站采集。结果：本组30例造影提示：冠状动脉病变者27例(占90％)，58支血管91处受累，三支以上血管受累18例(60％)，重度狭窄及闭塞的28处(约占30％)；27例病变中冠状动脉内膜炎伴细小血管闭塞1例，冠状动脉—另支轻度狭窄伴分—支动脉瘤样扩张一例。结论：本组病例经年龄大、病程长、病变重为特点，经过选择性冠状动脉造影结果表明，它对冠状动脉病变的诊断准确，检查安全系数高。它不仅能为临床提供准确的诊断和选择最佳治疗方案的，而且在造影时选择适当病例进行介入治疗(包括PTCA Stent)。     

急性心肌梗死PCI术后无症状性亚急性血栓形成1例

患者男,53岁,因发作性胸闷3d,胸痛10h于2006年5月11日以"冠心病,急性下壁、正后壁心肌梗死"收入CCU。既往无高血压及糖尿病病史。入院后予波立维300mg负荷量口服,急诊行冠状动脉造影示:二支血管病变,冠状动脉左前降支(LAD)近端70%狭窄、左冠状动脉回旋支(LCX)近端完全闭塞。术中对LCX近端行PTCA 普通裸支架植入术。术后重复造影见LCX血管粗大,显影良     

老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉造影结果分析

目的探讨合并2型糖尿病的老年冠心病患者冠状动脉造影的特点。方法 50例老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者（糖尿病组）与50例老年冠心病未合并2型糖尿病患者（对照组）,均行冠状动脉造影检查,并进行比较。结果糖尿病组冠状动脉造影主要表现为多支病变和多支多节段病变,对照组主要表现为单支病变和2支单节段病变;糖尿病组单支病变、多支病变、弥漫性狭窄病变、重度及闭塞病变发生率分别为14%,58%,78%和88%;对照组分别为44%,26%,20%和40%,2组比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论老年冠心病合并2型糖尿病者冠状动脉的狭窄程度较未合并2型糖尿病者重。     

320排CT在冠脉旁路移植术后随访中的应用价值

目的：探讨320排CT在冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）后随访中的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析143例CABG术后患者行320排CT造影检查（CTA）资料,对所有桥血管及自体冠状动脉320排CT扫描结果进行容积再现技术（VR）、多平面重建（MPR）、曲面重建（CPR）等后处理,综合评价桥血管有无狭窄、闭塞及通畅情况。并与14例同期行X线冠状动脉造影（CAG）患者的资料进行对照分析。结果：143例患者共计桥血管372支,CTA对372支桥血管通畅、病变情况可进行良好评估;14.2%（53/372）的桥血管发生病变,术后1年内动静脉桥血管的通畅率分别为94.3%、86.3%,随术后时间延长,动脉桥病变率呈进行性增加的趋势;胸痛组与非胸痛组桥血管通畅率差异有统计学意义;与14例患者CAG检查结果对比,320排CTA对桥血管病变诊断的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为92.3%、100%、100%、92.5%,对自体冠状动脉病变诊断的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为94.3%、96.5%、92.6%、97.4%。结论：320排CT对CABG术后桥血管病变的评价具有较高的准确率,是CABG术后随访无创性检查的首选方法。     

冠心病介入治疗9例报告

经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术（PTCA）已越来越广泛应用于冠心病的治疗。我院1996年6月～12月为9例冠心病患者行PTCA术．其中7例行冠脉内膜支架植入术，疗效满意，报道如下：1资料和方法1．1一股资料住院期间行冠脉造影证实为冠心病，血管有明显狭窄（大于70％）或完全闭塞的患者9例，其中男7例，女2例，年龄43～65岁，平均问岁。急性心肌梗死5例，陈旧性心肌梗死伴劳力型心绞痛1例，不稳定型心绞痛3例。冠脉造影结果：血管特征单支病变4例，双支病变4例，三支病变1例；冠脉病变范围左前降支8例，左回旋支4例，右冠状动脉3例。1．2方法按Grue…     

320排CT在诊断冠状动脉病变的临床应用

目的探讨320排CT对诊断冠状动脉病变的特点,以及冠心病危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法对我院2009年1月至2010年8月的233例胸痛患者行320排CT冠状动脉造影检查,对冠状动脉病变进行诊断。同时收集患者血脂、血糖、血压、体重指数、年龄、吸烟和心血管病家族史等危险因素,分析它们与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。另外,对其中的57例患者同时行选择性冠状动脉造影。结果发现191例患者呈右冠优势型,左冠优势型有11例,均衡型有31例。心肌桥61例,冠状动脉畸形3例。冠状动脉病变的有135例,1支血管病变的44例,2支血管病变的50例,3支血管病变的41例,无累及血管病变的98例。随着冠心病危险因素的增多,冠状动脉病变累及的血管支数、左主干受累、病变狭窄程度增加。57例320排CT冠状动脉造影显示冠状动脉病变的患者,经过选择性冠状动脉造影检查证实55例诊断为冠心病。结论 320排CT冠状动脉造影对冠状动脉病变的诊断是一种安全、可靠的非侵入性检查方法。随着冠心病危险因素的增加,冠状动脉病变程度加重。     

Multislice computed tomography coronary angiography in patients admitted with a suspected acute coronary syndrome

Objectives The aim of this prospective clinical study was to assess the accuracy and clinical relevance of multislice computed tomography coronary angiography (MSCTCA) in patients presenting with acute chest pain. Background Multislice computed tomography coronary angiography has shown ability to detect accurately coronary artery disease (CAD) in selected elective patient groups. Methods One hundred and twenty patients presenting with acute chest pain (<24 h) underwent MSCTCA (Siemens Sensation 16) before a scheduled inpatient conventional coronary angiogram (CCA). Exclusion criteria included patients with STEMI, non-sinus rhythm, contraindication to β blockers and renal impairment. Blinded visual assessment of MSCTCA to detect CAD was performed on an 11-segment model. The accuracy of MSCTCA was compared to CCA to detect significant stenoses (≥50%). Results One hundred and thirteen patients underwent both investigations. The prevalence of significant CAD was 74%. 1,243 native segments were assessed by MSCTCA. The overall ability of MSCTCA to detect the presence of ≥1 significant stenosis in all native segments had a sensitivity of 92% (95%CI 83–97%), specificity of 55% (95%CI 35–74%), positive predictive value of 86% (95%CI 76–93%) and negative predictive value of 70% (95%CI 47–87%). 22% of all segments (mostly distal) were non-analyzable. Coronary calcification was a major cause of false positivity. Conclusion In a prospective study of unselected patients presenting with acute chest pain, the diagnostic accuracy of 16-slice CT coronary angiography was moderate and less than reported from studies in elective patients. The clinical relevance of this technology to screen patients with acute chest pain is limited.

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Condensed Abstract Multislice CT coronary angiography (MSCTCA) and conventional coronary angiography (CCA) were used to assess 120 patients presenting with acute chest pain. MSCTCA was compared to CCA to detect significant stenoses (≥50%). In 113 directly comparable patients MSCTCA had a sensitivity of 92% (95%CI 83–97%) and specificity of 55% (95%CI 35–74%) to detect the presence of ≥1 significant stenosis in all native segments. In this patient cohort with a high prevalence of coronary disease and coronary calcification, the accuracy and clinical relevance of 16 slice MSCTCA to screen and risk stratify patients with acute chest pain is limited.

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Role of coronary angiography before radiofrequency ablation in patients presenting with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

During episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), electrocardiograms frequently show ST-segment depressions, and patients may experience typical chest pain prompting invasive coronary angiography. We evaluated 114 patients presenting with PSVT for concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients were classified as to the type of PSVT, symptoms during PSVT, and cardiovascular risk factors. Maximum heart rate, extent of ST-segment depression, and cardiac troponin levels during PSVT were recorded. Patients were subjected to exercise testing and/or coronary angiography. During PSVT, symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia, including chest pain (31%), ST-segment depression (61%), and elevated troponin levels (12%), were common. Sixty-seven patients (59%) underwent coronary angiography. The overall prevalence of significant CAD was found to be low (4%) and did not correlate to symptoms during tachycardia. Routine coronary angiography cannot be recommended in patients with PSVT unless routine evaluation outside episodes of tachycardia suggests the presence of significant CAD.     

Prediction of coronary artery disease using pulse wave velocity and retinal artery lesions

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The prevention and early diagnosis of CAD is important for the treatment of this disease. Since the coronary angiographic examination is not available for every hospital, the convenient, quick and cheap prediction marker is needed for the screening of the suspected CAD patients. The aim of this study was to assess whether the combination of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and staging of retinal artery lesions could be a useful approach to predict CAD in symptomatic patients, including atypical chest pain. To prove this question, 472 Chinese patients with suspected CAD underwent coronary angiography, the eye fundus examination and measurement of baPWV. The results show that the frequency of baPWV of 1,400 cm/s or retinal artery atherosclerosis of ≥ Stage 2 is higher in patients with CAD (n = 312) than those without CAD (n = 160, p < 0.001). Both baPWV and retinal artery atherosclerosis are correlated with the presence of CAD with and without typical chest pain (p < 0.001), indicating that the combination of the two indexes is an independent predictor of the presence of CAD (OR: 10.37, 95% CI: 5.72-18.81, p < 0.001). Either baPWV over 1,400 cm/s or retinal artery atherosclerosis of ≥ Stage 2 is a useful marker to predict the presence of CAD even with atypical chest pain. The combination of the two non-invasive methods is also useful for predicting CAD in symptomatic Chinese patients.     

Coronary artery disease in patients clinically diagnosed with myocardial infarction in the medical intensive care unit

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) confirmed by coronary angiography in critically ill patients clinically diagnosed with myocardial infarction.

Materials and methods

This retrospective observational study involved 56 patients who were clinically diagnosed with myocardial infarction and subsequently underwent coronary angiography during their intensive care unit stay.

Results

Only 18 patients (32%) were finally confirmed to have CAD by coronary angiography. There were no significant differences in laboratory findings and clinical outcomes between patients with and without CAD. However, patients who developed shock (P = .009) and needed vasopressor support (P = .021) were less likely to be diagnosed with CAD. In addition, regional wall motion abnormality on echocardiography was more frequently observed in patients with CAD (P = .072). In a multiple logistic regression analysis, male sex (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.093; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.177-22.037) and focal hypokinesia on echocardiography (adjusted OR, 5.134; 95% CI, 1.071-24.614) were independently associated with CAD. However, development of shock was inversely associated with CAD (adjusted OR, 0.107; 95% CI, 0.019-0.606).

Conclusion

Coronary angiography in critically ill patients should only be performed in highly selected patients with predicting factors for CAD.     

冠状动脉心肌桥138例临床研究

目的研究冠状动脉造影病人中心肌桥的临床特征以及发生率。方法用Jukins法行选择性冠状动脉造影术,心肌桥的造影判断是冠状动脉收缩期短暂、间歇狭窄,而于舒张期恢复或狭窄程度明显减轻。本研究中将狭窄程度≥70％、50％～70％、〈50％划分为3组。结果3356例行选择性冠状动脉造影术的人群中,共检出心肌桥138例,发生率为4．11％。均为左冠状动脉前降支（LAD）心肌桥。位于LAD远段22例,中段114例,近段2例。无心脏病的孤立心肌桥100例,伴有冠心病的心肌桥26例,伴有瓣膜病6例,伴有心肌病例6例。孤立心肌桥中收缩期冠状动脉狭窄程度I〉70％50例,50％-70％34例,〈50％16例。138例心肌桥中超声心动图或左心室造影提示有室壁肥厚26例。心电图提示有ST．T改变36例;孤立心肌桥中有胸痛症状50例;行运动负荷试验阳性36例。结论冠状动脉造影是心肌桥的可靠检出手段。心肌桥可伴随其他心脏病发生,也可孤立存在。     

Detection of high-burden coronary artery disease by exercise-induced changes of the E/E’ ratio

To investigate whether exercise-induced changes of the E/E’ average ratio can detect high-burden coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chest pain and normal left ventricular (LV) systolic function. The study population consisted of 359 patients admitted for chest pain (59.8 ± 9.8 years, 75% male). Patients underwent exercise echocardiography, scintigraphy and coronary angiography. The average of the lateral and septal ratios of early diastolic transmitral velocity to early diastolic tissue velocity (E/E’) at baseline and immediately after exercise was calculated. Exercise induced wall motion abnormalities were also calculated. Coronary angiography showed flow limiting CAD in 238 patients (66%). The exercise-induced changes of E/E’ average ratio had a sensitivity of 87.3% and a specificity of 75.2% for detection of flow limiting CAD, whereas myocardial scintigraphy showed 79.2% sensitivity and 80.1% specificity and exercise induced wall motion abnormalities had a sensitivity of 74.3% and a specificity of 66.9%. Likelihood ratio chi square showed an incremental value of the exercise-induced changes of E/E’ average ratio over regional perfusion technique (from 121.37 to 194.15, P < 0.001) and over wall motion abnormalities (from 57.03 to 146.50, P < 0.001). The exercise-induced change of the E/E’ average ratio detects flow limiting CAD in patients with chest pain and normal LV systolic function showing an incremental value over regional perfusion technique and wall motion abnormalities.     

Comparison of the CAD consortium and updated Diamond-Forrester scores for predicting obstructive coronary artery disease

ObjectiveCurrent guidelines recommend the use of the updated Diamond–Forrester (DF) method and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Consortium models to assess the pretest probability of obstructive CAD. The present study aimed to compare the performance of these models among patients with chest pain evaluated in an emergency department (ED).MethodsWe compared three scores (DF, CAD consortium basic, and clinical) among 1247 consecutive patients with chest pain who underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography (CTA). Invasive angiography was performed to confirm the stenosis for those who showed obstructive CAD on CTA, if clinically indicated. Primary outcome was the presence of obstructive CAD (≧50% stenosis).ResultsOverall, 426 (34.2%) patients were diagnosed with obstructive CAD. The expected prevalence of CAD was underestimated by the CAD consortium clinical model (23.4%) and overestimated by the DF model (53.1%). For the prediction of obstructive CAD, the CAD consortium clinical model had superior area under the receiver-operating curve (0.754), followed by the CAD consortium basic (0.736), and finally, the DF model (0.718). Whereas the CAD consortium models more accurately classified patients without any CAD or nonobstructive CAD as low-risk patients, the DF model more accurately classified high-risk patients with obstructive CAD. The net reclassification improvement of CAD consortium basic and clinical models were 24.7% and 27.9%, respectively.ConclusionsCompared with the DF model, the CAD consortium clinical model appears to improve the prediction of low-risk patients with <15% probability of having obstructive CAD. However, this model needs caution when using in high-risk population.     

Silent myocardial ischemia in patients with diabetes: who to screen.

OBJECTIVE: Silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) is more common in diabetic patients than in the general population. However, the exact prevalence of SMI is not known, and routine screening is costly. The purpose of this 1-year study was to estimate the prevalence of SMI and define a high-risk diabetic population by systematically testing patients with no symptoms of coronary artery disease (CAD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The criteria for inclusion in this study were age (between 25 and 75 years), duration of diabetes (>15 years for type 1 diabetes, 10 years for type 2 diabetes with no cardiovascular risk factors, and 5 years for type 2 diabetes with at least one cardiovascular risk factor), and absence of clinical or electrocardiogram (ECG) symptoms of CAD. For 1 year, 203 patients were screened, including 28 women and 45 men with type 1 diabetes (aged 41.5+/-10.9 years, mean duration of diabetes 20.9+/-7.7 years [mean +/- SD]) and 61 women and 69 men with type 2 diabetes (aged 60.7+/-8.7 years, duration of diabetes 16.5+/-7.1 years). Exercise ECG was the first choice for screening method. If exercise ECG was not possible or inconclusive, thallium myocardial scintigraphy (TMS) with exercise testing and/or dipyridamole injection was performed. If any one of these tests was positive, coronary angiography was carried out and was considered to be positive with a stenosis of > or =50%. RESULTS: Positive screening results were obtained in 32 patients (15.7%). Coronary angiography demonstrated significant lesions in 19 patients (9.3%) and nonsignificant lesions in 7 patients (1 false-positive result for exercise ECG and 6 false-positive results for TMS). Coronary angiography was not performed in six patients. All but 3 of the 19 patients (15 men and 4 women) in whom silent coronary lesions were detected presented with type 2 diabetes. The main differences between the 16 type 2 diabetic patients presenting with coronary lesions and the type 2 diabetic patients without SMI were a higher prevalence of peripheral macroangiopathy (56.2 vs. 15.1%, respectively, P < 0.01) and a higher prevalence of retinopathy (P < 0.05). No correlation was found between SMI and duration of diabetes, HbA1c level, renal status, or cardiovascular risk factors except for family history of CAD. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study allowed us to determine a high-risk group for SMI in the diabetic population. SMI with significant lesions occurs in 20.9% of type 2 diabetic male patients who are totally asymptomatic for CAD. Based on these findings, we recommend routine screening for male patients in whom the duration of type 2 diabetes is >10 years or even less when more than one cardiovascular risk factor is present.     

Cardiac risk factors and risk scores vs cardiac computed tomography angiography: a prospective cohort study for triage of ED patients with acute chest pain

ObjectiveThe objective of the study is to evaluate cardiac risk factors and risk scores for prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD) and adverse outcomes in an emergency department (ED) population judged to be at low to intermediate risk for acute coronary syndrome.MethodsInformed consent was obtained from consecutive ED patients who presented with chest pain and were evaluated with coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA). Cardiac risk factors, clinical presentation, electrocardiogram, and laboratory studies were recorded; the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) scores were tabulated. Coronary computed tomography angiography findings were rated on a 6-level plaque burden scale and classified for significant CAD (stenosis ≥ 50%). Adverse cardiovascular outcomes were recorded at 30 days.ResultsAmong 250 patients evaluated by cCTA, 143 (57%) had no CAD, 64 (26%) demonstrated minimal plaque (< 30% stenosis), 26 (10%) demonstrated mild plaque (< 50% stenosis), 9 (4%) demonstrated moderate single vessel disease (50%-70% stenosis), 2 (1%) demonstrated moderate multivessel disease, and 6 (2%) demonstrated severe disease (> 70% stenosis). Six patients developed adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Among traditional cardiac risk factors, only age (older) and sex (male) were significant independent predictors of CAD. Correlation with CAD was poor for the TIMI (r = 0.12) and GRACE (r = 0.09-0.23) scores. The TIMI and GRACE scores were not useful to predict adverse outcomes. Coronary computed tomography angiography identified severe CAD in all subjects with adverse outcomes.ConclusionAmong ED patients who present with chest pain judged to be at low to intermediate risk for acute coronary syndrome, traditional risk factors are not useful to stratify risk for CAD and adverse outcomes. Coronary computed tomography angiography is an excellent predictor of CAD and outcome.     

前壁合并下壁心肌梗死的临床特点及罪犯血管

目的探讨前壁合并下壁心肌梗死的临床特点及其与冠状动脉造影结果的关系。方法对22例前壁合并下壁心肌梗死患者进行回顾性研究分析。结果本组患者22例,男21例,女1例。合并高血压病、高脂血症及糖尿病分别为72.7%、31.8%和18.2%。有吸烟史占22.7%。典型胸痛、不典型胸痛及无胸痛分别为54.5%、22.7%和22.7%。胸片、心脏超声、心电图及肾功能异常分别为72.7%、100%、100%和18.2%。冠状动脉造影显示:冠脉为右优势分布14例,占63.6%,左优势分布3例,占13.6%;均衡型分布5例,占22.7%。病变累及冠脉66支共76处,单支病变22.7%、二支病变27.3%、多支病变50.0%,受累的前降支(LAD)、右冠状动脉(RCA)、左回旋支(LCX)及左主干(LM)分别为100%、54.5%、72.7%和9.1%。A型病变累及冠脉17支22处(25.8%)、B型病变累及冠脉26支30处(39.4%)、C型病变累及冠脉23支24处(34.8%),重度以上狭窄占80.3%。16例(72.7%)有不同程度的侧支循环。3例AAMI+AIMI中,2例罪犯血管为单支病变,均为LAD,1例为多支病变,累及LAD、LCX及RCA。结论前壁合并下壁心肌梗死患者,多合并危险因素,临床表现复杂,临床检查多有异常,冠脉分布以右优势型居多,冠脉病变以二支及多支病变为主,B型及C型病变占大多数、冠脉狭窄程度较严重,多数患者有不同程度的侧支循环。AAMI+AIMI中,罪犯血管多为LAD,且预后良好。