Frakturen der distalen Mittelhandknochen

Distal metacarpal fractures are often displaced and accompanied by rotational malposition of the finger in question. Closed reduction and plaster immobilization usually requires extended periods of time for the fracture to heal and does not always result in optimal fracture positions. Through December 2007, 168 patients with fractures in the distal portion of metacarpal bones underwent operation. They were treated by proximally inserted intramedullary Kirschner (K) wires. At defined time points, all patients were examined to determine range of movement of the finger joints and the strength of the hands. Clinical and radiological controls were performed, comparing both hands. The results were also assessed after healing using the Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. In most distal metacarpal fractures, good or very good results can be achieved using intramedullary osteosynthesis with modeled K-wires.     

External fixation with or without supplementary intramedullary Kirschner wires in the treatment of distal radial fractures.

OBJECTIVES: To determine radiographic outcomes in the fracture of distal radius treated by close reduction and external fixation, with or without supplementary intramedullary Kirschner wires.. METHODS: At the Orthopedic Department of National Taiwan University Hospital, we carried out a retrospective study of distal radial fractures treated with close reduction and external fixation. A consecutive series of 20 fractures were treated (from March 1995 to June 1998) with external fixation only; later (from January 1999 to December 2001), 36 distal radius fractures were treated with external fixation supplemented with intramedullary wires. The fractures were evaluated via good-quality posteroanterior and lateral radiographs. In both groups, the radial height, radial inclination and volar tilting were measured on initial (preoperative) and immediate postoperative radiographs and on others taken immediately after the removal of external fixation. Overall results were based on objective radiographic and functional data as well as on subjective assessments with demerit-point scoring. Data were analyzed with a 2-tailed t test. RESULTS: Radial height and radial inclination improved significantly immediately after surgery, but volar tilting of distal-radius deformity was little improved by treatment with external fixation alone. When external fixation was supplemented with intramedullary Kirschner wires, improvement in all 3 measurements was statistically significant. Clinical examination likewise found significantly better functional results in patients treated with the Kirschner wires. CONCLUSION: External fixation is a popular method too reduce osseous deformity of the distal radius, but can not assure maintenance of the reduction. Supplementing external fixation with intramedullary Kirschner wires can improve retention of fracture reduction during healing, resulting in better functional results.     

Fractures of the proximal phalanx and metacarpals in the hand: preferred methods of stabilization

Treatment of fractures of the proximal phalanx and metacarpals is based on the presentation of the fracture, degree of displacement, and difficulty in maintaining fracture reduction. A wide array of treatment options exists for the variation in fracture patterns observed. Inherently stable fractures do not require surgical treatment; all other fractures should be considered for additional stabilization. In general, of the many combinations of internal fixation possible, Kirschner wires and screw-and-plate fixation predominate. Early closed reduction typically is successful for unicondylar fractures of the head of the proximal phalanx. Bicondylar proximal phalanx fractures usually are treated with plate fixation. Transverse and short oblique proximal phalanx fractures generally are treated with Kirschner wires, although a stable short oblique transverse shaft fracture can be managed with an intrinsic plus splint. Plate fixation is used in comminuted proximal phalanx as well as comminuted metacarpal fractures, and lag screws in spiral long oblique phalanx shaft fractures and metacarpal head fractures. Kirschner wire fixation is successful in metacarpal neck fractures as well as both short and long transverse oblique shaft fractures.     

闭合复位顺行克氏针髓内固定结合转棒技术治疗第五掌骨颈骨折

目的探讨闭合复位顺行克氏针髓内固定结合转棒技术治疗第5掌骨颈骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2015年8月至2017年10月新疆克拉玛依市中心医院骨科采用闭合复位顺行克氏针髓内固定结合转棒技术治疗26例第5掌骨颈骨折患者资料。男23例,女3例;年龄12~53岁,平均25.2岁。所有患者均采用末端预弯成10°~15°的克氏针作为髓内钉从第5掌骨基底部穿入髓腔,闭合手法复位,透视确认骨折复位满意后,髓内钉穿过骨折端进入掌骨头,再利用克氏针转棒技术进一步复位固定骨折。术后石膏外固定2周,去除石膏后开始功能锻炼。术后10~16周X线片提示骨折愈合后门诊局麻下拔除克氏针。记录手术时间、患侧第5掌骨头干角、掌指关节主动活动度及末次随访时手部功能采用总主动活动度(TAM)评定。结果手术时间平均21 min(12~35 min)。23例患者骨折获解剖复位,3例未达到解剖复位,但掌骨头干角明显改善且对位良好。所有患者术后获6~29个月(平均15.8个月)随访,均达到骨折牢固愈合,无感染等发生。第5掌骨头干角从术前的61.2°±11.2°改善为术后的14.7°±3.5°,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后头干角与健侧(14.6°±1.7°)相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后患侧掌指关节主动活动度(89.3°±4.2°)与健侧(90.7°±1.5°)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时依据TAM评定疗效:优22例,良3例,可1例。结论闭合复位顺行克氏针髓内固定结合转棒技术治疗第5掌骨颈骨折,手术操作简单、创伤小、并发症少、费用低、能实现二次复位、临床效果良好。     

Die orthograde Kirschnerdrahtosteosynthese

Dislocated metacarpal V fractures, fixed by percutaneous Kirschner wires or other implants near the metacarpophalangeal joint, often show impaired movement despite excellent radiologic findings. We therefore chose an alternative method using intramedullary Kirschner wire osteosynthesis according to Foucher. Twenty-five patients were operated on in a 3-year period and movement of the fingers and complications were examined. Six weeks after operation all fractures were consolidated in anatomical reduction. One patient suffering from an early stage of Sudeck's dystrophy was healed, and no other complications appeared. Three months after treatment all patients achieved free movement of the fingers with anatomical alignment. We therefore recommend intramedullary Kirschner wire osteosynthesis in distal metacarpal V fractures.     

Results of non-operative and operative treatment of humeral shaft fractures. A series of 104 cases

The aim of this study was to examine the results of different modalities applied in the treatment of 104 fresh diaphyseal fractures of the adult humerus treated in the department between January 1994 and March 1997. These results were classified according to the criteria described by Stewart and Hundley. 32 patients (30.8%) were treated non-operatively using a sling and a moulded plaster splint. The type of treatment had to be changed in 12 of these patients due to 14 different complications that occurred during the course of non-operative treatment. Thus, 20 patients (62.5%) underwent non-operative treatment until fracture-union. The results in this group were: very good in 12 cases (60%), good in 5 cases (25%), fair in 3 cases (15%). 28 fractures were treated using plates and screws. 4 events (14%) occurred during in the post-operative period and, apart from 2 cases of non-union, the overall result in the 26 patients in whom the fracture united was: very good in 23 cases (88.5%) and good in 3 cases (11.5%). 22 patients (21.1%) underwent fixation using multiple flexible intramedullary wires via a supracondylar approach. Apart from one case of non-union, the final result in the 21 patients in whom the fracture united was: very good in 9 cases (42.8%), good in 9 cases (42.8%), fair in 2 cases (9.5%) and poor in 1 case (4.9%). 22 fractures were treated using an intramedullary Seidel nail. The final result in these patients was: very good in 11 cases (50%), good in 9 cases (41%) and poor in 2 cases (9%). The indications for treatment should be eclectic. Non-operative treatment remains the method of choice for undisplaced or minimally-displaced fractures or comminuted fractures with multiple parallel longitudinal fracture-lines over the middle-third, while surgical treatment is considered for displaced fractures and essentially depends upon the type and level of the fracture. Transverse and short oblique fractures are treated using a plate or a Seidel nail. Fractures with a third fragment require plate osteosynthesis. Multiple flexible intramedullary wires are used for segmental fractures or for diaphyseal fractures associated with fractures of the neck of the humerus. Comminuted fractures are realigned using an intramedullary Seidel nail or multiple flexible wires. As far as the site of fracture is concerned, those of the proximal and middle thirds of the humerus are well treated using an intramedullary nail or multiple wires or with a plate, while plating is most often the method of choice for fractures of the distal-third.     

阻钉技术对交锁髓内钉断钉的影响

目的探讨阻钉技术对交锁髓内钉断钉的预防作用。方法2003年1月~2005年8月,采用交锁髓内钉固定长骨干骨折56例,男32例,女24例。年龄21~65岁,平均34岁。其中股骨骨折26例,胫骨骨折30例,均为新鲜、闭合性骨折。骨折类型:中部横断骨折10例,中部短斜形骨折11例,中部长斜形或螺旋形骨折20例,远、近1/3骨干骨折15例。前期32例患者采用常规的交锁髓内钉固定骨折(组),后期24例中部长斜形或螺旋形骨折及远、近1/3骨折患者采用交锁髓内钉配合阻钉固定骨折(组)。结果获随访12~21个月,平均16个月。组3例患者骨折未愈合,其中1例股骨中部长斜形骨折主钉在骨折线附近断裂,另2例胫骨远1/3骨折主钉在靠近骨折端的第1个锁钉孔处断裂;其余患者术后6~12个月获骨性愈合,但骨折处出现较多骨痂。组患者于术后3~8个月获骨性愈合,骨折对位、对线良好,无断钉发生。结论阻钉技术配合交锁髓内钉应用可明显增强骨折断端稳定性,减少断钉发生。     

Modified retrograde percutaneous intramedullary multiple Kirschner wire fixation for treatment of unstable displaced metacarpal neck and shaft fractures

The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the functional and radiographic outcomes of our new surgical technique, retrograde percutaneous intramedullary multiple Kirschner wire (K-wire) fixation, for the treatment of unstable displaced metacarpal neck or shaft fractures. Between March 2005 and April 2010, 56 consecutive patients with 65 metacarpal fractures were treated with closed reduction and retrograde intramedullary fixation with at least 2 K-wires. The average follow-up duration was 13 months. The clinical outcome was assessed by the total active motion (TAM) of the digit, presence of rotational deformity, grip strength, patient satisfaction, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score. The radiographic outcome was assessed by the time to union, dorsal angulation, and shortening. The average operating time was 11 min (range, 6–17 min) for isolated single metacarpal fractures and 18 min (range, 13–25 min) for isolated simultaneous 2-metacarpal fractures. There was no significant difference in the average TAM of the digit between the injured and uninjured hands in both neck and shaft fractures. Four patients developed extensor tendon irritation during follow-up, but the irritations disappeared completely after removal of the wires, and there was no need to perform tenolysis. The average DASH score was 8.7 (range, 0–21). Radiographic union was achieved in all patients at a mean of 5.2 weeks. Radiographic assessment revealed a significant reduction in the average dorsal angulation to 8° (SD, 2) in neck fractures and to 4° (SD, 2) in shaft fractures postoperatively. The average shortening was corrected significantly to 1 mm (SD, 2) in neck fractures and to ?1 mm (SD, 2) in shaft fractures postoperatively. Based on our experience, our retrograde intramedullary K-wire fixation technique is an acceptable alternative modality for the treatment of unstable displaced metacarpal fractures. This straightforward technique can facilitate early hand mobilization, correct the deformity, and provide good clinical and radiographic outcomes.     

闭合复位克氏针横向固定治疗第5掌骨基底骨折

目的 比较闭合复位克氏针横向固定与切开复位微型接骨板或克氏针固定治疗第5掌骨基底骨折的疗效.方法 回顾性分析2005年8月至2012年5月治疗50例伴有短缩或腕掌关节脱位的新鲜第5掌骨基底骨折患者资料,其中26例采用闭合复位固定(男22例,女4例;年龄17～41岁,平均28岁;OTA分型:A1型8例,B1型11例,C1型7例;3例伴腕掌关节脱位),24例采用切开复位固定(男21例,女3例;年龄19～46岁,平均26岁;OTA分型:A1型11例,B1型8例,C1型5例;伴腕掌关节脱位2例;微型接骨板固定7例,交叉克氏针固定17例).采用中华医学会手指总主动活动度(TAM)评价关节活动范围.结果 闭合复位组手术时间14～33 min,平均(23±13) min;治疗费用2018～2995元,平均(2673±334)元.切开复位组手术时间45～105 min,平均(57±20) min;治疗费用3874～4793元,平均(4138±416)元.闭合复位组23例获得6～26个月(平均16.5个月)随访,骨折均解剖复位,骨折愈合时间4～7周,平均4.9周;TAM评价,优15例,良6例,可2例,优良率91.3％(21/23).切开复位组22例获得6～21个月(平均15.3个月)随访,骨折均解剖复位,骨折愈合时间4～8周,平均5.8周;TAM评价,优13例,良7例,可2例,优良率90.9％ (20/22).结论 闭合复位克氏针横向固定治疗第5掌骨基底骨折,操作简便,固定可靠,疗效满意;手术时间短,治疗费用低.     

Metaizeau's technique for displaced metatarsal neck fractures

Metaizeau's technique can be applied to reduce the displaced metatarsal head distally from the fracture in an easier way and to keep the fracture site closed, as compared with retrograde Kirschner wires. We present seven fractures treated anterograde with progressive weight-bearing after 2 weeks. Open reduction was unnecessary in all cases. This technique permitted correct control of the distal fracture fragment, obtained good reduction of the metatarsal heads without opening the fracture site, and with no lesion of the capsulo-ligamentosus metatarsophalangeal joint structures. We obtained the radiographic healing of all and showed correct alignment. Metaizeau's technique is a valid alternative to retrograde Kirschner wires fixation in the treatment of displaced metatarsal neck fractures.     

两种方法治疗大龄儿童肱骨外科颈骨折的疗效比较

目的观察大龄儿童移位型肱骨外科颈骨折经闭合复位逆向弹性髓内针内固定以及克氏针内固定两种不同手术方法的临床疗效对比。 方法回顾性分析十堰市人民医院创伤骨科从2016年5月至2018年12月2.5年间符合纳入标准的手术内固定治疗的儿童及青少年移位型肱骨外科颈骨折45例患者，按照内固定方法分为两组：逆向弹性髓内针内固定23例(弹性髓内针组)；闭合复位克氏针内固定22例(克氏针组)。采用t检验或卡方检验分析骨折愈合时间，肩关节功能评分、并发症个数及优良率。 结果所有病例骨折均达到良好愈合，骨折愈合时间为(8.0±2.1)周。术后6周两组功能评分弹性髓内针组优于克氏针组(t＝5.295，P<0.05)；术后3个月功能评分无明显差异(P>0.05)。88.9%患者肩关节功能均达到了优良效果，两组优良率无明显差异(X²＝0，P>0.05)。弹性髓内针组有1例出现桡神经挫伤，2例出现弹性髓内针穿出；4例出现复位再丢失。但克氏针内固定组出现了克氏针松动、脱落4例；骨折复位丢失3例；无血管神经损伤并发症。 结论采用逆向弹性髓内针及克氏针内固定治疗儿童移位型肱骨外科颈骨折，都是微创、有效的治疗方法，值得临床推广运用。术者应选择熟悉的手术方法避免并发症。     

可吸收螺钉联合克氏针固定治疗部分踝关节骨折的疗效评价

目的 探讨可吸收螺钉联合克氏针固定治疗部分踝关节骨折的疗效. 方法 2003年7月至2007年5月.对42例踝关节骨折患者采用可吸收螺钉联合克氏针固定治疗部分踝关节骨折,男27例,女15例;年龄20～70岁,平均39.2岁.术中于可吸收螺钉附近加用1～2枚克氏针,术后4周左右,于门诊拔除克氏针,后逐渐行功能锻炼,分析其治疗效果. 结果 所有患者术后平均随访24个月(14～38个月).骨折全部骨性愈合,无一例出现骨折移位、伤口感染等现象.根据英国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)制定的踝关节评定标准:优35例,良6例,可1例,优良率达97.6%.结论可吸收螺钉联合克氏针固定治疗部分踝关节骨折,骨折愈合率高,踝关节功能恢复良好,并可免除二次手术取内固定,值得推广.     

有限切开复位克氏针横向固定治疗掌骨骨折

目的 探讨有限切开复位克氏针横向固定张力带纵向加压治疗掌骨骨折的方法和疗效.方法 2007年1月-2012年12月,应用有限切开复位克氏针横向固定张力带纵向加压治疗掌骨骨折26例.骨折部位：掌骨颈、掌骨中段、掌骨基底部,其中11例为多发性骨折.6例合并肌腱断裂,其中5例9根肌腱断裂予以直接缝合,1例2根肌腱缺损行掌长肌腱移植;5例伴软组织缺损,其中2例行骨间背侧皮瓣修复,3例行局部皮瓣转移修复、自体取皮植皮术.结果 术后回访,X线片显示均愈合.未发现骨折移位及畸形愈合,无针道感染发炎.上肢部分功能评定优良率80.6％.结论 应用有限切开复位克氏针横向固定张力带纵向加压治疗掌骨骨折,手术操作简单,骨折复位固定牢靠,不限制关节活动,有利于功能锻炼,材料价廉,免除二次手术痛苦,是一种方便、经济实用的治疗方法.     

Outcome of intramedullary nail for fixation of osteoporotic femoral shaft fractures in the elderly above 60

IntroductionIntramedullary nailing is an acceptable treatment option for femoral shaft fracture in young patients but not extensively studied in the elderly with osteoporotic fractures. Plate fixation for osteoporotic femoral shaft fractures have a high rate of complications and delayed healing time, and the most acceptable treatment is intramedullary nailing. This study evaluated the healing time and incidence of complications in osteoporotic femoral shaft fractures after intramedullary nailing.Patients &MethodsThis was a retrospective study that included 16 patients above 60 years old with osteoporotic femoral shaft fractures operated between January 2015 and December 2018. Patients with metastatic fractures or with atypical fractures were excluded. Thirteen patients had low-energy injuries such as a simple fall from standing height or lower and twisting injuries. The remaining 3 patients sustained high-energy-mechanism of injury. No patient received bisphosphonate except 2 patients received oral bisphosphonate for a period of 6 and 8 months, respectively.ResultsSixteen patients (12 females and 4 males) with mean age 69.5 ± 3.7 presented with femoral shaft fracture were operated with intramedullary nail, 10 patients were fixed with trochanteric entry nails with proximal neck screws, and 6 patients were fixed with piriformis entry nails. In 9 patients, closed reduction of fracture was achieved while 7 patients required open reduction, of which 5 fracture required cerclage wire addition. The mean bone healing time was 5.35±1.2 months. Intraoperative extension of femoral fractures during intramedullary nail insertion was observed in two cases that required open reduction and addition of cerclage wires around the fracture. The overall incidence of complications was 18.7%.ConclusionsIntramedullary nailing for osteoporotic femoral shaft fracture is a good acceptable option in elderly patients with reasonable healing time with no major complications.     

Medial humeral epicondylar fracture in children and adolescents

PURPOSE: To assess treatment outcomes of young patients with medial epicondylar fracture of the elbow using standard operative protocols. METHODS: 24 consecutive patients with medial humeral epicondylar fracture underwent surgery by one of the 3 methods: (1) 2 parallel Kirschner wires, (2) 2 parallel Kirschner wires plus a tension-band wire, and (3) a screw plus an anti-rotation Kirschner wire. Fractures displaced less than 5 mm were treated conservatively (casting for 3 weeks). Outcome was assessed clinically and radiologically. The Mayo Clinic Elbow Performance Index was measured. RESULTS: The 3 patients with undisplaced fractures had good radiological results and scores. One patient with a displaced fracture refused surgery and subsequently developed pseudarthrosis and cubitus valgus. All operatively treated patients had good scores, but 2 treated with 2 parallel Kirschner wires alone developed pseudarthrosis. Patients in this group needed longer rehabilitation to attain a functional range of movement than those in other groups (treated together with a tension-band wire or screw). CONCLUSION: Surgery is recommended for children with displaced medial epicondylar fractures of more than 5 mm. The use of a tension-band wire, instead of a screw, together with Kirschner wires is the preferred treatment for younger children.     

Mittelhandfrakturen im Kindesalter

Fractures of the metacarpal bones are rarely reported in growing children. Compression fractures affecting the metaphyses and epiphysial separations are the most frequent types in the central area of the hand, usually with a metaphyseal outbreak wedge. Genuine Bennet and Rolando fractures do not occur in children whose joints are still open. As with every other fracture treatment, therapy should be efficient and give an optimal result with minimum expenditure. A definitive primary therapy is the best method of treatment, but redislocations can make therapy changes necessary. This was the case in 4 of our 64 patients. There are not many treatment procedures that can be considered for metacarpal fractures in children: different types of plaster cast and Kirschner wires are the only methods used. Fractures with no dislocation are treated only by means of plaster casts. With dislocations the spontaneous correction that can be expected must of course be considered. These mainly affect younger children and axial malalignments in the sagittal plane. In the case of dislocation fractures every effort should be made to provide emergency care within the first 6 h after the accident.     

指掌骨骨折内固定术后并发症原因分析及对策

目的：探讨指掌骨骨折内固定术后并发症的原因,提出预防对策。方法：回顾性总结2007年7月至2009年10月内固定手术治疗的342例指掌骨骨折患者,男203例,女139例;年龄18～56岁,平均30.4岁;右手217例,左手125例。第1掌骨38个,第2掌骨47个,第3掌骨52个,第4掌骨40个,第5掌骨39个,近节指骨43个,中节指骨52个,远节指骨48个。克氏针内固定129例,微型钢板内固定153例,单纯微型螺钉固定48例,钢丝捆扎12例。结果：324例获得随访,时间3～15个月,平均8.5个月。74例出现术后并发症,发生率22.84%。术后并发症包括伤口愈合欠佳24例,占7.4%;肌腱粘连54例,占16.67%;骨折畸形愈合34例,占10.49%;骨折不愈合13例,占4.01%;指骨短缩21例,占7.41%。结论：内固定物选择不当、手术操作技术欠佳以及术后没有进行早期很好的康复功能锻炼是术后并发症的主要原因。     

两种可吸收髓内钉治疗掌指骨干骨折的对比研究

目的探讨两种可吸收髓内钉治疗掌、指骨骨折的疗效. 方法 2002年1月～2002年12月,对60例手部掌、指骨干骨折复位后用可吸收髓内钉内固定,其中开放性骨折52例,闭合性骨折8例.骨折位于掌骨24例,近节指骨22例,中节指骨14例.急诊手术47例,择期手术13例.分别用消旋聚乳酸(poly-DL-lactic acid,PDLLA)24例,PDLLA混合壳聚糖36例.术后对两种髓内钉固定进行比较. 结果两组术后均获随访4～11个月,平均6个月,随访期内未发现晚期排异反应现象,骨折均达骨性愈合,愈合时间6～16周,平均8周.PDLLA髓内钉固定组:24例中有8例出现排异反应,多见于术后3～4周内.其中6例窦道形成,于反应出现5～10天取出PDLLA钉,改用克氏针重新固定或树脂绷带外固定后,骨折于8周内达骨性愈合;另2例经药物治疗25天后,反应消失,骨折于14周愈合.余16例未出现排异反应,伤口Ⅰ期愈合.PDLLA混合壳聚糖髓内钉固定组:36例中有1例于术后19天出现排异反应,药物治疗3天后症状消失,余35例未出现排异反应,伤口Ⅰ期愈合.两组疗效比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 PDLLA可吸收髓内钉适用于掌、指骨干骨折内固定,其降解过程中产生酸性产物可引起排异反应.PDLLA钉中混合适当比例的壳聚糖,可加强材料的强度,在降解中中和酸性产物,减少早、晚期炎性反应,临床治疗效果较单纯使用PDLLA钉好.     

The application of open intramedullary fixation in the treatment of pediatric radial and ulnar shaft fractures

OBJECTIVES: This retrospective review evaluates the efficiency of standard intramedullary Kirschner wires for the treatment of unstable diaphyseal forearm fractures in children. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Large teaching and research hospital in Turkey. PATIENTS: Thirty-one patients with diaphyseal forearm fractures were treated by surgical method between 1988 and 1998. The mean age was 12.3 years (range 7 to 17 years). The mean follow-up period was 4.2 years (1 to 6.2 years). INTERVENTION: The method of treatment of each forearm fracture was open reduction and intramedullary Kirschner wire fixation using a mini-incision. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Fracture union, growth disturbance of the forearm, and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: Union was obtained in all cases except two (6.4 percent). No forearm inequality was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Intramedullary fixation is a useful technique for unstable shaft fractures of the forearm in children that can not be treated by closed manipulation.     

克氏针辅助闭合复位治疗难复性股骨颈骨折

目的 探讨使用克氏针辅助闭合复位治疗难复性股骨颈骨折的可行性.方法 回顾性分析2008年6月至2011年4月治疗32例难复性股骨颈骨折患者资料,男15例,女17例;年龄21～59岁,平均46岁.根据Garden股骨颈骨折分型,Ⅱ型6例,Ⅲ型16例,Ⅳ型10例.根据患者术前X线及CT检查所示股骨头移位方向,将难复性股骨颈骨折分为:成角嵌插移位(11例)、旋转分离移位(15例)、外展嵌插移位(6例)三种类型.对于旋转分离和成角嵌插移位型骨折采用前方进针法,于股动脉外侧旁开1.5 cm处在X线透视下垂直向股骨头内锤入1～3枚直径3～3.5 mm的克氏针,进针深度约2～3 cm,克氏针向骨折移位的相反方向复位.外展嵌插移位型骨折采用侧方进针法,于大转子外侧向近端倾斜10°～15.锤入1～3枚3～3.5 mm直径的克氏针至股骨头内,向近端用力撬拨,使嵌插的骨折分离并复位,如仍不能复位,再于股骨干部垂直穿入1枚克氏针作为对抗针辅助骨折复位.复位满意后拧入空心钉固定.结果 32例难复性股骨颈骨折患者中,2例最终行切开复位内固定.30例经克氏针辅助闭合复位治疗患者骨折均达到或接近解剖复位.手术时间40～80 min,平均50 min;出血量20～50 ml,平均30 ml.术后Garden指数评价29例为解剖复位,1例为可接受复位.30例闭合复位患者中,29例获得随访,随访时间12～20个月,平均16个月.其中28例骨性愈合,愈合时间为4～10个月,平均时间为6个月;1例术前为旋转分离移位患者于术后15个月发生股骨头坏死,行人工全髋关节置换术治疗.结论 使用克氏针辅助闭合复位治疗难复性股骨颈骨折可获得满意的解剖复位率和骨折愈合率.