穿透性角膜移植术治疗圆锥角膜疗效观察

报告４４例５２眼圆锥角膜行穿透性角膜移植术经０．３～１３年随访观察，结果植片透明率１００％；免疫排斥反应发生率１３．４６％；矫正视力０．４以上者占８６．５４％；视力欠佳的主要原因是不规则散光；无１例病人复发。结果表明穿透性角膜移植治疗晚期圆锥角膜是较为理想的选择。     

板层角膜移植术治疗真菌性角膜溃疡33例的临床分析

目的 观察板层角膜移植术(LKP)治疗真菌性角膜溃疡的临床疗效.方法 33例(33眼)真菌性角膜溃疡患者行板层角膜移植术治疗,观察患者视力、排斥反应.结果 本组33例术后2～3周复发2例,植床上发现小浸润灶,改行穿透性角膜移植术后病情得到控制.31例均顺利完成板层角膜移植术,术后恢复良好,未出现明显的排斥反应.33例患者均获得6～12个月的随访,平均随访9个月,至末次随访矫正视力＜0.1者18例,矫正视力＜0.2者11例,矫正视力＜0.5者4例.结论 板层角膜移植术可消除病灶、控制感染、提高视力,对保全眼球具有重要意义,是治疗真菌性角膜溃疡的有效手段.     

穿透性角膜移植术后拆线时间对裸眼视力的影响

观察两组穿透性角膜移植术病例不同的拆线时间所引起的裸眼视力的变化。两组受体条件优良的光学穿透性角膜移植术后患者分别于７个月（简称Ａ组,１９例）和１２个月（简称Ｂ组,１８例）拆除角膜缝线。结果Ａ组有７例（３６．８％）拆线后发生裸眼视力下降;而Ｂ组有３例（１６．７％）拆线后发生裸眼视力下降,前者高于后者。提示在光学穿透性角膜移植术后允许拆线的时间范围内,晚拆线更有利于角膜屈光状态的稳定。     

急性圆锥角膜水肿愈合后的深板层角膜移植术

目的报道1例急性圆锥角膜水肿瘢痕愈合后Ⅱ期行深板层角膜移植术（deep lamellar keratoplasty，DLKP）治愈的病例，并对手术机理及可行性进行分析。方法对1例急性圆锥角膜水肿患者，采用Ⅰ期放射状角膜切开术、Ⅱ期DLKP术的方法治疗，对患眼裸眼及矫正视力、屈光状态、裂隙灯检查结果进行观察，随访期4年。结果该患者在急性圆锥角膜水肿阶段，采用放射状角膜切开术能有效控制急性期的各种症状，Ⅱ期DLKP术中能够完整的暴露角膜后弹力层，术中无后弹力层微穿孔发生。DLKP术后4个月至2年视力一直稳定在裸眼0．4、矫正0．8。结论急性圆锥角膜水肿所致的破裂的角膜后弹力层可以恢复其结构和功能，且具备一定的强度，为Ⅱ期DLKP术创造时机。     

人工晶体缝扎固定联合穿透性角膜移植术

目的观察人工晶状体缝扎固定联合穿透性角膜移植术治疗角膜混浊无晶状体眼的疗效。方法角膜混浊无晶状体眼12例行人工晶状体缝扎固定于睫状沟后常规穿透角膜移植术,观察术后角膜植片和视力变化。结果随访6-12个月,角膜植片透明,视力〉0.8者1眼,0.5-0.8者3眼,0.3-0.5者6眼,0.1-0.3者2眼,无明显角膜排斥反应。结论人工晶状体缝扎固定联合穿透性角膜移植治疗角膜混浊无晶状体眼效果良好。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗高度近视

目的评价准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(excimerlaserinsitukeratomileusis,LASIK)治疗高度近视的疗效。方法23例(41眼)高度近视,平均屈光度为-14.74±3.72D,采用准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗,随访观察3个月以上。结果术后第1天,裸眼视力有明显提高,裸眼视力达术前矫正视力者为39.2％。术后1个月及3个月裸眼视力达术前矫正视力者分别为58.54％、53.66％,术后3个月41.46％为正视眼,≤±1.0D为65.85％,≤±2.0D为77.27％。结论准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗高度近视眼的近期疗效满意,其远期疗效有待进一步观察研究。     

深板层角膜移植术治疗圆锥角膜的临床探讨

目的观察深板层角膜移植术治疗圆锥角膜的手术方法及临床效果.方法总结自2008年7月至2009年12月于邢台眼科医院住院的圆锥角膜患者19例,手术均采用深板层角膜移植术,术后随访观察6～18个月,观察角膜植片的透明度及视力情况.结果 19例患者中,术后裸眼视力为0.2～0.5的16眼,≥0.6的3眼.4例术后第2天发现少许层间积液,植片基质层轻度水肿,经前房补气后层间积液吸收,角膜植片恢复透明,余角膜植片全部透明.结论深板层角膜移植术治疗圆锥角膜可以取得较好的临床效果.     

部分穿透性角膜移植术治疗圆锥角膜的探讨

用穿透性角膜移植术治疗３８例（４０只眼）圆锥角膜，所有病例随访２月至７年，术后８０％眼裸眼视力在０．２以上，排斥反应发生率为１０％。供受体选用相同直径环钻的病例较供体环钻直径大于受体环钻直径０．２～０．３ｍｍ的病例，获得较好裸眼视力。     

穿透性角膜移植83眼的临床观察

目的探讨穿透性角膜移植术治疗严重角膜疾病的疗效。方法对8l例患者（83眼）进行穿透性角膜移植,记录所有手术眼角膜移植术前、后视力并观察角膜移植术中、术后并发症情况。结果本组83眼穿透性角膜移植,术后视力较术前有所提高（P〈0．01）。随访期内83眼手术中79眼角膜植片透明。术后17眼出现移植排斥反应,8眼复发感染,4眼继发性青光眼。结论穿透性角膜移植是治疗严重角膜疾病的主要方法,其疗效确定。     

准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗远视的疗效观察

目的 :评价准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗 +6 .0 0D以下远视的疗效。方法 :采用准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术治疗远视 2 1例、38眼 ,平均随访 2 4个月 ,观察裸眼视力及屈光度。结果 :术后第 1天裸眼远视力较术前最佳矫正视力有所下降 ,2～ 3周后逐渐提高 ,3个月时稳定 ;术后第 1天裸眼近视力明显改善且一直保持稳定 ;术后 3个月时 ,2 7眼达到或超过术前矫正视力 ,占 71.0 5 % ,平均屈光度为 +1.6 7± 0 .83D。结论 :准分子激光治疗 +6 .0 0D以下远视安全有效 ,但手术方案的设计还需进一步完善     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.