脑梗死患者同型半胱氨酸血症与叶酸、维生素B12及抵抗素水平的相关性研究

目的探讨脑梗死患者的血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、叶酸、维生素B12及抵抗素（resistin）水平,并分析Hcy与叶酸、维生素B12及resistin的相关性。方法应用荧光偏振免疫法测定82例脑梗死患者Hcy水平,采用全自动化学发光免疫法测定血清叶酸、维生素B12水平,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清resistin水平。并同期检测健康老年人55例上述指标作为对照。结果脑梗死患者血清Hcy及resistin水平明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）,叶酸及维生素B12水平低于对照组（P〈0．05）;血清Hcy水平与resistin水平呈正相关（r=0．78,P〈0．05）,血清Hcy水平与叶酸、维生素B12水平呈负相关（r=-0．69,P〈0．05;r=-0．72,P〈0．05）。结论脑梗死患者血清Hcy、resistin水平升高,Hcy水平与resistin水平呈正相关;叶酸、维生素B。：水平降低,Hcy水平与叶酸、维生素B12水平呈负相关。干预患者血清Hcy、resistin、叶酸及维生素B12水平对降低脑梗死发病可能有积极作用。     

冠心病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与血清叶酸维生素B12和维生素B6的关系及干预试验研究

目的：观察冠心病（CHD）患者同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与血浆叶酸、维生素B12浓度之间的关系,以及高Hcy血症联合补充叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12对Hcy水平的影响。方法：CHD组患者134例,对照组150例。采用荧光标记免疫检测法测定空腹血浆Hcy水平,应用固相非煮沸放免标记法测定基础血浆叶酸及维生素B12浓度。Hcy水平高于15μmol／L者为高Hcy血症。42例CHD患者和16例对照者予以每日补充叶酸5mg,维生素B6 20mg,口服每日3次,维生素B12 0．5mg,肌内注射每日1次,10-12周后复查血浆Hcy水平。未服药的10例CHD患者在测定血浆总Hcy、血清叶酸、维生素B12和B6水平后10—12周复查．作为对照。结果：CHD患者血浆Hcy水平高于正常组,基础叶酸浓度明显低于正常组,直线相关分析结果显示CHD组血浆Hcy水平与基础叶酸浓度呈明显负相关（P〈0．001）,治疗组治疗前后Hcy水平差异有显著性（P〈0．001）。结论：CHD患者Hcy水平较正常对照组显著升高,联合补充叶酸、维生素K和维生素B12可明显降低冠心病患者血浆Hcy水平。     

血清同型半胱氨酸水平与脑梗死的关系探讨(附100例分析)

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与脑梗死的关系及叶酸、维生素B12、维生素B6对高Hcy水平的影响。方法测定100例脑梗死患者及85例对照组的血液总Hcy，脑梗死组Hcy升高者予以口服维生素B12、维生素B6和叶酸4周，复查Hcy。结果脑梗死组Hcy水平与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），两组中血清Hcy浓度升高者分别占32．00％和7．06％，脑梗死组Hcy增高者治疗前后Hcy水平差异均有统计学意义。结论高血清Hcy水平是脑梗死的重要危险因素之一，口服维生素B12、维生素B6和叶酸可降低高Hcy水平。     

血浆同型半胱氨酸与叶酸、维生素B12在脑梗死病例中的水平及相互影响

目的：观察脑梗死患者的血清同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B12水平与健康人群的差异,探讨采用叶酸、维生素B12干预对于高同型半胱氨酸血症的脑梗死病例血清同型半胱氨酸水平的影响。方法：选择急性脑梗死住院患者90例,作为病例组,并选择中、老年志愿者70例。测定90例脑梗死患者及70例健康对照者的血清同型半胱氨酸、叶酸和维生素B12的浓度。对于高同型半胱氨酸的脑梗死患者进行补充叶酸和维生素B12的干预,干预4wk后复查血清同型半胱氨酸水平。结果：1）血清同型半胱氨酸浓度〉15umol／L的高同型半胱氨酸血症者,在病例组中占52．2％,极明显高于对照组中的12．9％（P〈0．001）;2）病例组血清同型半胱氨酸浓度为18．72±8．25umol／L,比对照组高;3）病例组血清叶酸和维生素B12的平均浓度分别为7．59±4．52ng／mL和359．15±186．72pg／mL,均比对照组的12．25±3．23ng／mL和498．32±256．23pg／mL降低（P〈0．01）;4）脑梗死组高同型半胱氨酸血症者经补充叶酸和维生素B。干预4wk后血清同型半胱氨酸浓度平均为17．86±4．6umol／L,较干预前27．45±7．36umol／L极显著降低（P〈0．01）。结论：脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平升高,叶酸和维生素B12水平降低,补充叶酸、维生素B12可有效降低高同型半胱氨酸血症的脑梗死患者的血清同型半胱氨酸浓度。     

心绞痛患者同型半胱氨酸药物干预试验研究

目的观察心绞痛患者同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平与叶酸、维生素B6、维生素B12浓度之间的关系,并希望在常规治疗的基础上加用叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12的方法可以降低心绞痛患者高Hcy血症,进而达到降低心绞痛患者的发病率及心肌梗死率。方法对心绞痛患者及健康对照者采用酶联免疫吸附试验法测定空腹血清Hcy水平,应用放射免疫标记法测定基础血清叶酸及维生素B12浓度,高效液相色谱法测定血清总维生素B6水平。对于Hcy水平高于15μmol.L-1者诊断为高同型半胱氨酸血症。随机抽取24例心绞痛患者作为服药心绞痛组和16例正常人群作为服药正常人对照组,予以补充叶酸5 mg.次-1,1次.d-1;维生素B620 mg.次-1,3次.d-1;维生素B120.1 mg.次-1,1次.d-1。在服药前和服药后10-12周后复查血浆Hcy、叶酸、维生素B6、维生素B12水平。另抽取未服药的10例心绞痛患者测定血清Hcy、血清叶酸、维生素B12和维生素B6水平,10-12周后复查,作为未服药心绞痛对照组。结果心绞痛患者血浆Hcy水平高于正常组,基础叶酸浓度明显低于正常组,直线相关分析结果显示心绞痛患者组血清Hcy水平与基础叶酸浓度呈明显负相关（P〈0.001）,服药心绞痛组加叶酸、维生素B6、维生素B12治疗后Hcy水平明显低于治疗前（P〈0.001）。结论心绞痛患者Hcy水平较正常对照组显著升高,常规治疗基础上联合补充叶酸、维生素B6和维生素B12后可明显降低心绞痛患者血浆Hcy水平。     

血清同型半胱氨酸、维生素B12、叶酸水平与老年性骨折的相关性分析

目的：探究血清同型半胱氨酸（ Hcy）、维生素B12、叶酸水平与老年性骨折的相关性。方法将160例老年性骨折患者作为观察组,在常规治疗基础上,进行维生素B12和叶酸的治疗,同期收集在该院体检中心进行体检的健康老年人130例作为对照组。检测2组Hcy、维生素B12、叶酸水平,并进行比较。比较观察组治疗前后Hcy水平,探讨血清Hcy水平与维生素B12水平、叶酸的相关性。结果观察组血清Hcy水平明显高于对照组,维生素B12、叶酸水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;观察组入院时血清Hcy水平为（18．73±5．61）μmol／L高于治疗后的（11．21±4．20）μmol／L,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。观察组老年性骨折患者的血清Hcy水平分别与维生素B12水平、叶酸水平呈负相关（r＝－0．3,－0．2,P均＜0．05）。结论老年性骨折患者Hcy水平明显升高,补充维生素B12、叶酸可降低血清Hcy水平,降低老年性骨折的发生率。     

急性脑梗死与血浆同型半胱氨的关系研究

目的探讨急性脑梗死与血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hey）关系及其临床意义。方法选取120例急性脑梗死住院患者和80例同年龄段健康体格检查人群进行血浆Hey、叶酸和维生素B12的测定,并进行比较。结果急性脑梗死组患者血浆Hey水平明显升高（P〈0．01）,叶酸、维生素B12水平明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论急性脑梗死组患者血浆Hcy升高,而叶酸、维生素B12下降,可以认为同型半胱氨酸血症是急性脑梗死的独立危险因素。     

青年脑卒中患者血清Hcy、FA及维生素B12水平变化分析

目的探讨青年脑卒中患者血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、叶酸（FA）和维生素B12（VitB12）水平变化及意义。方法对50例青年脑卒中患者采用循环酶法和放免法检测血清Hcy、FA、VitB12水平,并与50例健康对照组比较分析。结果青年脑卒中组血清Hcy含量显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）,而FA、VitB12含量则明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论FA和VitB12缺乏可引起HHcy,轻度或中度Hcy升高是青年脑卒中的独立危险因素。     

血清同型半胱氨酸和叶酸、维生素B12联合检测与冠心病的关系分析

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、叶酸（FA）维生素B12（VB12）浓度与冠心病（CHD）的关系。方法选择经冠状动脉造影检查患者131例,血清Hcy采用日立TBA40FR全自动生化分析仪,方法为循环酶法;FA、VB12采用Beckman—Coulter ACCESS全自动微粒子化学发光免疫分析仪检测。结果CHD组的Hcy高于对照组,而FA和VB12低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或〈0．01）。CHD组Hcy与FA和VB．,的阳性检出率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。CHD患者服用FA、VB12治疗后,血清Hcy浓度降低明显（P〈0．05）。结论Hcy是心血管疾病的重要危险因素,其水平随着CHD程度加重而增加。     

血清同型半胱氨酸水平与冠心病的相关性探讨

目的：探讨血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、叶酸及维生素（Vit)B12水平与冠心病（CHD）的相关性。方法：应用荧光微粒子发光法（测定Hcy及VitB12）及离子捕捉法（测定叶酸）检测CHD组（A组）、其它心血管疾病组（B组）和健康对照组（C组）各30例受检查血清Hcy、叶酸、VitB12水平。结果：A组血清Hcy含量明显高于B组（P＜0．01）及C组（P＜0．01）；A组血清叶酸含量明显低于B组（P＜0．01）及C组（P＜0．01）；A组血清VitB12含量明显低于B组（P＜0．05）及C组（P＜0．05）。结论：血清Hcy水平的升高与CHD可能有明显的关系。叶酸和VitB12水平的下降与Hcy水平的升高在CHD的发生中可能起着相似的作用。     

Degraded and undegraded carrageenans and experimental gastric and duodenal ulceration

The prevention of histamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration in the guinea-pig has been examined using a series of undegraded and degraded carrageenans. Undegraded carrageenans were active at lower doses than degraded carrageenans. The high viscosity of the undegraded carrageenans in solution prevented their use in larger doses. Degradation of carrageenan without serious loss of sulphate, gives a product which allows the dose to be increased to an extent that its effect more than offsets the slight loss in activity caused by the degradation. No single feature of carrageenan structure can be related to anti-ulcer activity although degradation, and hence reduction of molecular size, generally reduces activity. Sulphate contents over 30% have little apparent effect on activity; κ-carrageenans were not consistently different in anti-ulcer activity from Λ-carrageenans. This contrasts with the antipeptic activity of carrageenans where κ-carrageenans are less active than their Λ-counter-parts. As with antipeptic activity, the degree of anti-ulcer activity is probably determined by a combination of structural features which includes molecular size and polyanionic properties.     

Affective and Anxiety Disorders and Alcohol and Drug Dependence:

Depression and anxiety frequently coexist in patients with substance use disorders. This clinically-oriented article examiens the relationship between these conditions and emphasizes data showing that substances of abuse can cause signs and symptoms of both depression and anxiety. These substance-related syndromes appear to have a different course and prognosis than uncomplicated, independent anxiety and major depressive disorders, and clinicians should consider the role of alcohol and other drugs in all patients presenting with these complaints. The authors will also outline an approach for diagnosing and managing patients with the combination of a substance use and depressive or anxiety disorder.     

Alcohol and Substance Use and Abuse in Women and Children

No abstract available for this article.     

Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors and Advances in nucleosides and nucleotides.

The American Chemical Society Symposium "Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors" took place on 1 April 1998 and was organized by Professors Zbigniew J Witczak (UConn, School of Pharmacy, CT, USA), Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan) and Waldemar Priebe, MD (Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA). Professor Witczak provided introductory remarks including the status of existing glucosidase inhibitors, and chaired the morning session, which consisted of six lectures. The symposium was well received, and was particularly attractive for those interested in networking, as attendance was about sixty. In addition, some participants and attendees presented posters on the subject during the regular poster session organized by the Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry.