复方鱼油对实验性糖尿病大鼠血浆脂质水平的影响

本文选用雄性Wistar大鼠,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组。Ⅰ组为正常对照组,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组动物静脉内注射链脲菌霉素(STZ)导致糖尿病,Ⅲ组于注射STZ 3周末开始每日灌饲复方鱼油,实验结束时取血检测血浆脂质水平。结果表明:复方鱼油能够显著地降低糖尿病大鼠的血脂水平。     

Heated palm oil causes rise in blood pressure and cardiac changes in heart muscle in experimental rats

BACKGROUND: Palm oil used worldwide contains considerable amounts of antioxidants, namely, vitamin E and carotenes. The purpose of the study was to observe the effect of heated palm oil on blood pressure and observe the cardiac histological changes in rats. METHODS: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided equally into four groups and given treatment as follows: (i) basal diet (control group); (ii) basal diet fortified with 15% weight/weight (w/w) fresh palm oil (FPO); (iii) basal diet fortified with 15% w/w palm oil heated five times (5HPO); (iv) basal diet fortified with 15% w/w palm oil heated ten times (10HPO). Treatment duration was 16 weeks. Blood pressure was measured at baseline and at monthly intervals for 4 months using the tail-cuff method. After 16 weeks of study, the rats were killed and the hearts were taken out. The specimens were sectioned longitudinally and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for light microscopy. RESULTS: The FPO group did not show any significant changes in blood pressure and histological study. There was a significant increase (p <0.05) in blood pressure in the 5HPO and 10HPO groups. However, blood pressure in the 10HPO group was higher than in the 5HPO group. Histological sections of the heart showed necrosis in cardiac tissue in the 5HPO and 10HPO groups with the latter group showing more damage. CONCLUSIONS: Fresh palm oil has no deleterious effects on blood pressure and cardiac tissue but prolonged consumption of repeatedly heated palm oil may result in an increase in blood pressure level with necrosis of cardiac tissue.     

动脉粥样硬化相关性疾病血清胆红素与血脂检测结果分析

目的:探讨血清胆红素浓度与四种动脉粥样硬化( AS)性疾病的关系。方法:观察组分为四组,单纯性高血压组、冠心病组、糖尿病组、脑梗死组,对照组为同年龄段健康查体者,检测空腹血清总胆红素、直接胆红素、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇,计算间接胆红素,并对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果:与对照组比较,观察组中直接胆红素均有所下降,但差异无显著统计学意义( P>0 .0 5 ) ,总胆红素与间接胆红素除脑梗死组外,其他各组均明显降低( P<0 .0 5 ) ;除脑梗死组HDL - C与对照组无显著差异外,其他观察组血脂各指标与对照组比较均有显著统计学差异( P<0 .0 5 ) ,且糖尿病组三酰甘油及冠心病组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与对照组比较有极显著统计学差异( P<0 .0 1 )。结论:高血压、冠心病、脑梗死、糖尿病等动脉粥样硬化相关性疾病血清胆红素浓度有不同程度降低,其中,间接胆红素降低更明显,提示可将胆红素水平作为AS患者体内氧化活性增加的一个临床监测指标     

系统性红斑狼疮患者血脂水平变化及与病情活动度的相关性研究

目的：观察系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者血脂变化及与病情活动的相关性。方法：选取60例SLE患者与20例正常对照者,将选取的SLE患者按照SLEDAI评分分成活动组和缓解组。同时对3组受试者血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、载脂蛋白A（ApoA1）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、载脂蛋白B（ApoB）及活动度评分、红细胞沉降率（ESR）、C-反应蛋白（CRP）进行检测。结果：活动组和缓解组患者与正常对照组相比,ApoA1、TC、HDL均显著下降（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,TG、LDL明显升高（P〈0.05）,差异有统计学意义;ApoB差异无统计学意义。活动组与缓解组比较,其ApoA1显著下降（P〈0.05）,TG、LDL升高（P〈0.05）,差异有统计学意义。活动组患者Apo与脂质、蛋白代谢及活动性指标测定显示,ApoA1与HDL、前白蛋白、白蛋白呈正相关（P〈0.05或0.01）;ApoB与TG、LDL呈明显正相关（P〈0.01）;ApoA1/ApoB与HDL呈正相关（P〈0.05）,与TG、LDL、ESR呈负相关（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。结论：SLE患者出现了HDL、ApoA1、TC显著降低,LDL、TG明显升高。表明SLE可引起脂代谢的异常,并且这种血脂水平的变化与SLE活动度密切相关。     

加钙海带对实验性动物高脂血症的影响

目的：探讨钙与海带高速血脂的协同作用。方法：对比加钙海带制剂与海带对实验性动物高脂血症的影响。结果：加钙海带制剂降低实验性高血脂小白鼠血清甘油三酯（ＴＧ）的作用大于海带（Ｐ〈０．０１）,而且前者降低实验性高血脂大白鼠血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）和升高血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）的作用均大于后者（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：钙与海带对实验性动物高脂血症的影响有协同作用。     

重庆汉族男性载脂蛋白B基因MspⅠ、XbaⅠ、EcoRⅠ多态性与血脂水平的相关性

目的 探讨重庆汉族男性载脂蛋白B基因（apolipoprotein B, ApoB）MspI、XbaI、EcoRI位点的多态性与血脂水平的关系。 方法 采用基因芯片技术,检测血脂异常组157人和健康对照组180人载脂蛋白B基因MspI 、XbaI、EcoRI三个位点的多态性,并分析其与血脂水平的关系。 结果 血脂异常组和健康对照组组内比较,MspI 位点M M-基因型的TC水平明显高于M M 基因型（异常组: 6.54±0.58 vs 5.58±0.83, P<0.01; 对照组: 5.43±0.17 vs 4.39±0.62, P<0.01）;XbaI 位点X X-基因型的HDL-C水平和LDL-C水平分别低于和高于X-X-基因型（异常组HDL-C: 1.08±0.27 vs 1.22±0.44, P=0.03; LDL-C: 3.88±0.63 vs 3.46±0.83, P=0.01; 对照组HDL-C: 1.31±0.43 vs 1.48±0.37, P=0.04; LDL-C: 3.19±0.54 vs 2.94±0.59, P=0.02 ）;EcoRI位点E E-基因型的HDL-C水平低于E E 基因型（异常组:1.01±0.18 vs 1.21±0.43, P=0.01; 对照组: 1.27±0.20 vs 1.47±0.40, P=0.03）。血脂异常组和对照组组间比较,异常组X X-基因型HDL-C 水平和LDL-C水平分别低于和高于对照组X X-基因型（HDL-C: 1.08±0.27 vs 1.31±0.43, P=0.01; LDL-C: 3.88±0.63 vs 3.19±0.54, P<0.01）;异常组E E-基因型HDL-C水平明显低于对照组E E-基因型（1.01±0.18 vs 1.27±0.20, P<0.01）。多元线性回归分析结果显示,MspI多态性与TC呈正相关,XbaI多态性与HDL-C呈负相关、与LDL-C呈正相关。 结论 ApoB基因MspI和XbaI多态性对血脂水平有一定的影响,M M- 基因型有使TC水平升高的趋势,X X-基因型有使HDL-C水平降低、LDL-C水平升高的趋势。     

载脂蛋白B基因多态性及血脂成分与胆石病关系的研究

目的 观察载脂蛋白B(ApoB)基因XbaI、EcoR I位点多态性、血脂水平和胆石病之间的关系。方法 通过病例对照研究设计,采用PCR—RFLP技术对106例胆石病患者和105例对照的进行基因和血脂水平分析比较。结果 胆石病组和对照组ApoB基因Xba I位点X X-、X-X-基因型构成显著不等;胆石病组X 等位基因频率显著高于对照组(0．104与0．052);X X-基因型者,胆石病组的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLc)、ApoB水平显著高于对照组,HDL水平显著低于对照组。胆石病组和对照组ApoB基因EcoR I位点E E-和E E 基因型频率构成差异有显著意义,胆石病组E-等位基因频率显著高于对照组;E E 基因型者,胆石病组LDLc、ApoB水平显著高于对照组,HDLc水平显著低于对照组。在胆石病组中E E-基因型LDLc水平高于E E 基因型(P=0．059)。结论 胆石病发生与ApoB基因Xba I、EcoR I位点多态性存在关联,X 和E-等位基因的变异影响脂质代谢,从而有利于胆石的形成。     

Correlation of haemoglobin and red cell indices with serum ferritin in Indian women in second and third trimester of pregnancy

Background

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anaemia in pregnancy in Indians and is associated with increased risk of low birth-weight infants. Studies from developed countries recommend iron supplementation based on serum ferritin levels. However, screening by serum ferritin is not feasible in all cases in India. This study was undertaken to document haematological profile of pregnant Indian women.

Methods

We studied the correlation between second and third trimester ferritin concentration and haemoglobin (Hb) and red cell indices in 100 consecutive ANC cases to select the best haematologic characteristic to identify women who needed iron therapy. Hb and red cell indices, RBC count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width were analysed and PBS studied to subtype anaemia if present.

Results

Proportion of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy was 34% and significant correlation was found between serum ferritin and RDW-CV% and TRBC. No correlation was found between ferritin levels and Hb, MCV, MCH and MCHC. Serum ferritin levels were <12 ng/mL in 30 out of 52 non-anaemic cases suggesting prevalence of sub-clinical iron deficiency in 58% cases. None of the red cell indices correlated with ferritin level in this group. Only TRBC showed some correlation with ferritin (r = −0.090, p > 0.05).

Conclusion

All pregnant women in India should continue to get iron supplements unlike what is recommended in the developed countries where iron supplementation is based on serum ferritin levels.     

Correlation of haemoglobin and red cell indices with serum ferritin in Indian women in second and third trimester of pregnancy

Background

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the most common cause of anaemia in pregnancy in Indians and is associated with increased risk of low birth-weight infants. Studies from developed countries recommend iron supplementation based on serum ferritin levels. However, screening by serum ferritin is not feasible in all cases in India. This study was undertaken to document haematological profile of pregnant Indian women.

Methods

We studied the correlation between second and third trimester ferritin concentration and haemoglobin (Hb) and red cell indices in 100 consecutive ANC cases to select the best haematologic characteristic to identify women who needed iron therapy. Hb and red cell indices, RBC count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width were analysed and PBS studied to subtype anaemia if present.

Results

Proportion of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy was 34% and significant correlation was found between serum ferritin and RDW-CV% and TRBC. No correlation was found between ferritin levels and Hb, MCV, MCH and MCHC. Serum ferritin levels were <12 ng/mL in 30 out of 52 non-anaemic cases suggesting prevalence of sub-clinical iron deficiency in 58% cases. None of the red cell indices correlated with ferritin level in this group. Only TRBC showed some correlation with ferritin (r = −0.090, p > 0.05).

Conclusion

All pregnant women in India should continue to get iron supplements unlike what is recommended in the developed countries where iron supplementation is based on serum ferritin levels.     

菜油对脂质过氧化物,胆固醇及甘油三酯的影响

观察色拉油，菜油，高温及油烟冷凝物对大鼠脂质过氧化物及甘油三酯，胆固醇的影响。结果表明：以２０％加入大鼠饲料中喂养１个月，除色拉油组肝组织中ＬＰＯ升高不明显外，其它各组血清，肝，脑组织中ＬＰＯ均对照组明显升高。各组间比较，油烟冷凝物组ＬＰＯ高于其它组。     

哈萨克族原发性高血压患者载脂蛋白B/载脂蛋白AI比值的影响因素

目的：探讨影响哈萨克族原发性高血压患者血清载脂蛋白B/载脂蛋白AI (ApoB/ApoA1)比值的相关因素。方法随机选取2013年8月至2015年3月在新疆沙湾县流行病学调查的217例哈萨克族原发性高血压患者,按血清ApoB/ApoA1比值水平分为≥0.9组(89例)与<0.9组(128例),收集两组患者的血压、体质量指数(BMI)、尿酸(UA)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)等资料。相关性分析采用Pearson直线相关分析,多因素分析采用Logistic回归分析。结果≥0.9组患者的UA、Hcy、舒张压(DBP)、腰围(WC)、BMI均高于<0.9组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ApoB/ApoA1比值与UA、Hcy、腰身比(WHtR)、WC、BMI呈正相关(r分别为0.216、0.217、0.219、0.259、0.162,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示：Hcy、BMI是ApoB/ApoA1比值升高的独立危险因素(OR值分别为1.055、1.133,P<0.05)。结论在哈萨克族原发性高血压患者中,Hcy和BMI与ApoB/ApoA1比值的升高密切相关。     

大豆蛋白质对大鼠血浆和肝脏胆固醇含量的影响

本实验给雌性断乳大鼠分别喂以含和不含１％胆固醇的饲料，并比较了大豆蛋白和酪蛋白对大鼠血浆和肝脏胆固醇含量的影响。结果表明，当饲料中无胆固醇时，酪蛋白可增加大鼠肝脏胆固醇含量。含１％胆固醇的饲料也可明显升高酪蛋白组大鼠肝胆固醇含量。而大鼠血浆胆固醇含量不受食物蛋白质来源的影响。胆汁中胆固醇含量与饲料中胆固醇水平高低有关，而与蛋白质来源无关。结果提示：大豆蛋白质能够降低动物肝胆固醇含量。     

氯吡格雷联合阿托伐他汀对急性脑梗死患者血清高敏C反应蛋白及血脂的影响

目的探讨氯吡格雷联合阿托伐他汀对急性脑梗死患者血清高敏C反应蛋白及血脂的影响。方法选取2017年1月～2018年1月于我院住院治疗的80例急性脑梗死患者作为研究对象,所有患者采用不同治疗方法随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各40例,两组患者均予抗凝、控制脑水肿、胰岛素控制血糖、降压及保护脑组织细胞等常规治疗,阿司匹林抗血小板治疗。观察组同时予以氯吡格雷75 mg/次,每天3次,阿托伐他汀10 mg/次,每天3次,两组均连续治疗14 d。比较两组患者治疗前后血清高敏C反应蛋白及血脂水平。结果治疗后,观察组患者治疗后的hs-CRP水平为(6.45±1.22)mg/L,对照组患者治疗后的hs-CRP水平为(9.61±1.32)mg/L,两组患者治疗后hs-CRP水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者治疗后的TC水平为(3.42±0.73)mmol/L,TG为(1.42±0.13)mmol/L,LDL-C为(2.13±0.11)mmol/L,HDL-C为(1.40±0.21)mmol/L,对照组患者治疗后TC水平为(4.12±0.25)mmol/L,TG为(1.63±0.31)mmol/L,LDL-C为(2.57±0.25)mmol/L,HDL-C为(1.13±0.31)mmol/L,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论氯吡格雷联合阿托伐他汀可降低急性脑梗死患者血清高敏C反应蛋白,调节血脂水平,从而抑制炎症反应,提高临床疗效。     

Effects of secukinumab and adalimumab on serum uric acid level in patients with plaque psoriasis

Background:Psoriasis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease, and hyperuricemia is a common comorbidity in patients with psoriasis. However, there are limited reports on the relationship between serum uric acid levels and biological treatment efficacy. The purposes of this study were to compare the differences in serum uric acid levels between patients with psoriasis and healthy controls and analyze the risk of hyperuricemia.Methods:A total of 196 patients with psoriasis and 191 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. One hundred and twenty-seven patients with severe psoriasis were treated with biologics. Sixty-eight patients received adalimumab, and 59 patients received secukinumab. Serum uric acid levels were measured at baseline, week 24, and week 48 of treatment.Results:Patients with psoriasis had higher serum uric acid levels than healthy controls (6.4 ± 1.7 mg/dL vs. 5.7 ± 1.5 mg/dL, P < 0.001). Hyperuricemia was found in 33.7% (66/196) of patients with psoriasis, which was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (13.1% [25/191], P < 0.001). Serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia were not related to the severity of psoriasis (P > 0.05). No significant changes in serum uric acid levels and hyperuricemia were observed following adalimumab treatment (P > 0.05). The serum uric acid level in patients treated with secukinumab was 6.7 ± 1.6 mg/dL at week 24, which was not statistically different from that at baseline (6.6 ± 1.4 mg/dL, P = 0.885). Serum uric acid levels were significantly decreased at week 48 (6.3 ± 1.5 mg/dL vs. 6.6 ± 1.4 mg/dL, P = 0.007) in patients treated with secukinumab. Secukinumab had no significant effect on hyperuricemia either (P > 0.05).Conclusions:The serum uric acid levels and prevalence of hyperuricemia in patients with psoriasis were significantly higher than those in healthy controls. Secukinumab treatment for 48 weeks successfully decreased serum uric acid levels in patients with psoriasis, whereas adalimumab had no significant effect on serum uric acid levels.     

不同血清学模式乙肝患者的血清病毒水平及其临床意义

目的 :探讨乙肝患者的不同血清学模式与血清乙肝病毒核酸 ( HBV DNA)含量关系及其临床意义。方法 :采用 EL ISA和定量 PCR方法检测 78例乙肝患者的血清乙肝病毒标志物 ( HBVM)和 HBV DNA含量 ,并将 HBVDNA含量和患者肝功能中的主要指标进行相关性分析。结果 :78例乙肝患者的 HBV DNA阳性率为 83 .3 % ( 65 / 78) ,65例阳性患者的血清 HBV DNA含量平均为 5 .78± 1.12 (对数值 ) ;慢性乙型肝炎和活动性乙型肝炎肝硬变患者的血清 HBV DNA含量显著高于急性乙型肝炎患者 ( P<0 .0 1) ;HBe Ag或 HBs Ag阳性组的 HBV DNA含量均显著高于HBe Ag或 HBs Ag阴性组 ( P<0 .0 1或 P<0 .0 5 ) ;在出现 HBe Ab血清转换组中 ,HBV DNA阳性率高达 77.8%～ 78.6% ;血清 HBV DNA含量与血清谷丙转氨酶 ( AL T)水平无相关性 ( r=0 .0 2 5 ,P>0 .0 5 ) ,但与血清总胆红素水平呈正相关 ( r=0 .3 0 3 ,P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :HBV慢性持续感染可能与病毒复制活跃及病毒变异等因素有关 ;慢性乙肝患者在出现 HBe Ab血清转换时 ,并不表示病毒复制停止 ,而只是病毒复制水平降低 ;乙肝患者的肝损害与 HBV复制有一定关系     

男性不育患者血清和精浆中铅、超氧化物歧化酶和丙二醛含量的研究

目的：对无明显铅污染接触史的男性不育患者测定血清和精浆中铅水平、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力和丙二醛（MDA）含量,旨在揭示男性不育症患者SOD活性降低,MDA含量升高的因素。方法：随机选择精液常规检查异常的男性不育者为不育组（95例）,精液常规检查正常者为对照组（100例）。SOD活力采用黄嘌呤氧化酶比色法测定,MDA采用硫代巴比妥酸比色法测定,铅含量测定采用原子吸收光谱法。结果：不育组血清中SOD活力与对照组相比无明显变化;MDA含量与对照组相比,差异有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）;铅含量与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;不育组精液中SOD活力与对照组相比显著降低（P〈0.01）;MDA和铅含量与对照组相比显著升高（P〈0.01）。结论：血清和精浆中铅含量的升高,可能是导致精浆中SOD活性降低,MDA含量升高的主要因素。     

不同剂量普伐他汀对冠心病患者血脂与血清胱抑素C的影响及意义

目的:研究不同剂量普伐他汀对早冠心病患者的血脂水平及血清胱抑素C的影响.方法:选取26例正常人群作为健康对照组,另选取104例冠心病患者作为观察治疗组,并将其随机分为:常规治疗组及普伐他汀10、20、40 mg/d治疗组(各26例).常规治疗组采用予以低分子肝素、波立维、阿斯匹林、硝酸酯类药物、β-受体阻滞剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂等治疗,普伐他汀治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用普伐他汀,持续治疗8周.治疗前后分别测取患者的总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和血清胱抑素C水平.结果:与正常组相比,冠心病患者的血清胱抑素C升高(P=0.008);与治疗前相比,20、40 mg/d普伐他汀能够显著改善患者的胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和血清胱抑素C水平(P＜0.05).结论:普伐他汀可以通过降低血脂水平,以及抑制炎症反应两种途径来改善冠状动脉疾病,且中高剂量的普伐他汀均能够起到良好降脂抗炎效果,值得临床上推广运用于冠心病的治疗.     

不同受精方式对体外受精一胚胎移植妊娠早期血清绒毛膜促性腺激素水平的影响

目的 通过比较常规体外受精(IVF)周期及胞质内单精子注射(ICSI)周期妊娠妇女血清绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)水平,探讨ICSI是否影响妊娠早期HCG水平.方法 选择934个妊娠周期,其中536个常规IVF周期及398个ICSI周期,根据血清HCG水平、B超及生后随访结果将妊娠妇女分为7组,生化妊娠组(A),胚胎停育组(B),宫外孕组(C),单胎妊娠组(D),双胎妊娠组(E),三胎妊娠组(F),宫外孕合并宫内孕组(G),比较7组不同妊娠结局中常规IVF周期及ICSI周期新鲜胚胎移植14 d及21 d的血清HCG浓度变化.结果 ICSI周期与常规IVF周期比较,只有生化妊娠组移植14 d血清HCG的浓度差异有统计学意义(P=0.032),其余各组差异均无统计学意义.结论 ICSI受精可能对移植14 d生化妊娠结局中的HCG水平有影响,接受常规IVF与ICSI体外受精后临床妊娠者(除外生化妊娠)血中HCG浓度差异无统计学意义.     

深圳市福田区干部脂蛋白（a）及血脂指标检测分析

目的分析深圳市福田区干部脂蛋白（a）[LP（a）]及部分血脂指标的状况。方法将2196例福田区干部及965例健康体检人员分组。检测其脂蛋白（a）及总胆固醇（CHOL）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平,并进行统计学分析。结果本区干部体检申LP（a）偏高者达18．4％。老年干部组、中青年干部组、健康体检对照组中LP（a）偏高者分别为该组人数的22．1％、13．1％、8．3％,其中,LP（a）、CHOL同时偏高者分别占各组LP（a）偏高者中的45．8％、41．9％、38．8％;LP（a）、LDL-C同时偏高者分别占各组LP（a）偏高者中的18．8％、6．8％、3．7％。t检验,P〈0．05,差异有显著性。结论本区干部LP（a）偏高者比例较高,特别是老干部的比例更高,并且老干部中LP（a）、LDL-C同时偏高的比例较大。本区组织部门应在区干部体检中增加LP（a）的检验。