罕见脾肿瘤4例的超声表现分析

脾肿瘤少见,特别是原发性肿瘤罕见。作者收集了本院22例脾肿瘤超声资料,现将经手术病理证实的4例脾良、恶性肿瘤资料对其进行回顾分析,旨在提高诊断水平。 资料与方法 我院从1988年11月～2001年5月间经手术病理证实的脾肿瘤4例,年龄11～59岁,临床表现:左上腹疼痛2例,无诱因突然上腹疼痛1例,左上腹包块2例,腹腔积液1例。     

脾肿瘤32例分析

就我院近20 a脾肿瘤32例分析如下. 1 临床资料 本组男26例,女6例,年龄35～70岁,平均52.5岁.其中良性肿瘤25例(78.1%),恶性肿瘤7例(22.9%),良性肿瘤中脾囊肿7例,其中真性6例,拳击运动员外伤后形成假性囊肿1例,脾转移癌7例,包括肝癌2例,结肠癌2例,胃癌、肺癌、胰腺癌各1例,脾脓肿2例.     

原发甲状腺淋巴瘤的超声表现

目的 探讨原发甲状腺淋巴瘤的超声表现.方法 回顾性分析20例原发甲状腺淋巴瘤的超声表现.结果 20例原发甲状腺淋巴瘤后方回声均可见增强(100%),17例(85%)甲状腺腺体增大.13例(65%)表现为单发或多发低回声结节,边界不规则,肿瘤后方同声增强,归为结节型.3例(15%)表现为甲状腺一侧腺体增大.回声减低,后方回声增强,归为弥漫型.4例(20%)表现介于前两类表现之间,与桥本氏病表现相似,回声不均匀,片状减低,后方回声增强,归为混合型.结论 原发甲状腺淋巴瘤超声表现多样,甲状腺增大、淋巴瘤病灶后方回声增强是其主要超声特点.     

脾巨大血管瘤超声表现1例

病例男,62岁,因发现左上腹肿物就诊,3月前无诱因左上腹有一西瓜大小肿块,局部轻度触痛,进食感恶心、呕吐,有腹胀不适,局部无红肿发热.血常规:白细胞4.8×109/L,红细胞2.05×1012/L,血红蛋白55g/L,血小板50×109/L.     

脾脓肿20例超声诊断分析

目的：提高超声对脾脓肿的诊断率。方法：采用3.5 MHz的腹部探头,多切面扫查,观察脾脏的大小及内部回声,并对照CT、MRI、手术结果。结果：脾脓肿形成前后脾脏体积增大,脾内出现强回声、低回声、无回声等异常回声,75%伴有脾周脓肿,50%伴有肝脓肿,20%伴有脾静脉扩张,5%伴发胸膜炎、腹膜炎、胆囊炎。结论：超声对脾脓肿观察诊断具有一定价值。     

超声造影诊断脾血管瘤1例

1病历摘要女,43岁。常规体检中发现脾内高回声团,大小约1.8 cm×1.7 cm×1.6 cm,边界尚清。CDFI:未见明显血流信号。为进一步确诊行超声造影检查。肘静脉团注造影剂声诺维1.2ml,采用对比脉冲系列成像技术,实时观察注射造影剂后病灶     

超声造影鉴别诊断睾丸肿瘤与肿瘤样病变的临床价值

目的 分析成人睾丸肿瘤和肿瘤样病变的常规超声和超声造影特征,探讨超声造影对其的鉴别诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析经手术病理证实的睾丸肿瘤、肿瘤样病变患者(睾丸肿瘤组26例、肿瘤样病变组14例)的常规超声和超声造影检查资料,比较两种疾病的影像学特征,分析超声造影对其的诊断效能.结果 睾丸肿瘤组、肿瘤样病变组的病变大小、形态及...     

先天性阴囊内副脾1例的超声表现

病例男,21岁,因左阴囊内渐大性包块20余年就诊,现阴囊如鸽蛋大小,未治疗过。查体:双侧睾丸未见异常,左睾丸处触及一4cm×3cm大小的包块,质软,界清,移动度差,有轻度压痛。入院诊断:附睾囊肿。超声检查:左侧睾丸大小形态正常,回声均匀,血流未见异常,左阴囊内相当于附睾尾处见一实性包块,大小约3.5cm×3.0cm×2.3cm,边界清楚,有包膜,回声较正常睾丸稍增强(图1)。CDFI示包块内血流信号较丰富,超声提示:左侧附睾肿瘤。术中所见:阴囊内包块与左侧睾丸相连,包块上方有一细长的管状物与腹腔相通,腹腔镜辅助下管状物进入腹腔后向上行与脾脏相连,术…     

超声造影对睾丸肿瘤与肿瘤样病变的鉴别诊断价值

目的 分析成人睾丸肿瘤和肿瘤样病变的常规超声和超声造影特征,探讨超声造影对其的鉴别诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析40例经手术病理证实的睾丸肿瘤、肿瘤样病变患者（睾丸肿瘤组26例、肿瘤样病变组14例）的常规超声和超声影像检查资料,比较两种疾病的影像学特征,分析超声造影对其的诊断效能。结果 睾丸肿瘤组、肿瘤样病变组在病变大小、形态及回声的均匀性比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;在超声造影增强程度、增强形态、增强模式及“假包膜”征象比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。常规超声对睾丸肿瘤的诊断敏感性、特异性及正确率为88.5%、64.3%及80.0%;超声造影对睾丸肿瘤的诊断敏感性、特异性及正确率为100%、92.9%及97.5%。在常规超声和超声造影两种方法中,Z=1.835,P=0.0665,两种方法不存在统计学差异。结论 超声造影特征有助于不同类型睾丸肿瘤与肿瘤样病变的鉴别诊断,具有重要的临床价值。     

脾淋巴瘤的超声诊断价值及其分型

目的 探讨脾淋巴瘤的超声诊断价值及其分型.方法 对31例脾淋巴瘤的临床资料、超声表现与病理进行对比分析,并行超声分型.结果 31例脾淋巴瘤中,超声提示脾淋巴瘤3例,淋巴瘤脾累及5例,诊断正确率为25.8%.31例脾淋巴瘤超声表现可分为四型:①弥漫肿大型,占12.9%(4/31),肿大的脾内未见团块或结节;②粟粒结节型,占16.2%(5/31),脾内见大小不一的低回声结节(直径≤3 cm);③巨块型,占29.0%(9/31),肿块单发,直径大于3 cm,伴或不伴中心坏死;④混合型,占41.9%(13/31),脾肿大,内可见大小不一的低回声结节与团块.结论 超声对脾淋巴瘤的诊断有较高的临床价值,必要时可行超声引导下穿刺活检.     

Sonographic appearances of nerve tumors.

This article reviews the clinical and sonographic features of neurilemoma, neurofibroma, intraneural ganglion, traumatic neuroma, and Morton's neuroma. The sonographic characteristics and location at typical sites are important diagnostic features for nerve tumors.     

肌腱肿瘤及瘤样病变的声像图表现

起源于肌腱的肿瘤及瘤样病变较少见。本文拟介绍肌腱解剖、常见的肌腱肿瘤和瘤样病变,以及其声像图表现。肌腱的原发恶性肿瘤及转移瘤罕见,良性肿瘤及瘤样病变相对常见。肌腱的良性肿瘤表现为无痛或轻微触痛的软组织肿块,常见类型包括腱鞘巨细胞瘤、软骨瘤、骨软骨瘤、骨瘤、神经鞘瘤、海绵状淋巴管瘤、海绵状血管瘤、平滑肌瘤、纤维脂肪瘤等,约半数为腱鞘巨细胞瘤。肌腱原发性恶性肿瘤多发生于40~60岁,常见于下肢,主要为各种肉瘤,包括透明细胞肉瘤、滑膜肉瘤、上皮肉瘤。肌腱转移瘤以手部肌腱多见,大多来源于皮肤、关节或腱鞘肿瘤的直接蔓延,血行转移非常少见。肌腱瘤样病变多见于手部,腱鞘囊肿、表皮样囊肿及黄色瘤为最常见类型。     

鞍区肿瘤和瘤样病变的病理诊断

鞍区肿瘤和瘤样病变并不少见,疾病的类型也较多,但病理诊断中经常会遇到困难。本文比较详细地描述了鞍区各种肿瘤和瘤样病变的临床病理特点以及诊断中临床和病理的联系。     

Nonepithelial tumors and tumor-like lesions of the prostate gland

Many significant benign and malignant nonepithelial tumors and stromal tumor-like lesions arise in the prostate gland. Although such lesions are rare, their recognition by the pathologist is essential because their treatment and prognosis are quite variable. In this review, lesions of the specialized prostatic stroma, that is, lesions that can be seen in the stroma of the prostate but not in that of other organs, except for the phyllodes type of lesions, are discussed. Benign and malignant lesions of the soft tissues that occur in the stroma of other organs and are seen with some frequency in the prostate are also discussed. Few of the rarer soft tissue lesions are mentioned. Lesions and tumors with melanocytic differentiation, hematopoietic derivation, and germ cell tumors are described. It is hoped that this review will serve as a useful reference when encountering some of these lesions, all of which are referenced to their original and subsequent reports. Some non-English language references are also cited to reflect the international recognition of these lesions or to give credit to the author who first described the entity.     

Sonographic appearances and percutaneous management of primary tuberculous liver abscess

Primary tuberculous liver abscesses are rare. We report on 3 patients who presented with a nonresolving abscess in the liver. Clinical presentation and sonographic findings in each case were nonspecific. A diagnosis of tuberculosis was established with microbiologic examination of pus in 2 cases and examination of an excised abscess wall in 1 case. Needle aspiration (1 patient) and short-term (72 hours) catheter drainage (1 patient) were unsuccessful, and surgical excision was required in these patients. In the third patient, continuous catheter drainage over 18 days resulted in cure, indicating that long-term catheter drainage with antituberculous chemotherapy may be a viable alternative to surgery in the management of primary tuberculous liver abscess.     

免疫组织化学在卵巢肿瘤及瘤样病变的应用价值

按WHO(1999)卵巢肿瘤及瘤样病变组织分型 ,系统介绍各种类型肿瘤具有代表性的免疫组化抗体的表达性及其应用价值 ,特别着重介绍近年新涌现抗体的应用。     

肢体神经鞘瘤的超声诊断

目的评价肢体良恶性神经鞘瘤的声像图特点及超声诊断的意义.方法回顾性总结分析经手术病理证实的14例良恶性肢体神经鞘瘤的声像图表现与临床特点.结果良性神经鞘瘤8例,以低回声为主（87.5%）,单发,边界清,有包膜,可移动,血流丰富.恶性神经鞘瘤6例,可单发可多发,也以低回声为主（83.3%）,但回声不均,边界不清晰且与周围组织有粘连,质地硬,有较丰富的血流.结论良恶性神经鞘瘤声像图有一定特征,超声对于肢体神经鞘瘤的诊断是一种有效的首选方法.     

MR imaging of tumors and tumor-like lesions of the hip

In conclusion, a wide variety of tumors and tumor-like conditions have a predilection for the hip. The imaging evaluation of these lesions begins with radiographs. Radiographs can depict the extent of disease; any characteristic calcifications; and osseous changes, such as remodeling,periosteal reaction, or destruction. MR imaging has emerged as the preferred imaging modality of choice for evaluating osseous and soft tissue masses of the hip by providing information for diagnosis and staging. The MR imaging signal characteristics and enhancement patterns of malignant and benign hip tumors permit specific diagnoses in some cases. Synovial-based tumor-like processes of the hip can be characterized by MR signal characteristics, such as the hemosiderin within PVNS or the cartilage within synovial chondromatosis. Finally, MR imaging can serve to exclude underlying osseous or soft tissue tumors when radiographs display aggressive features of tumor-like processes.     

MR imaging of tumors and tumor-like lesions of the upper extremity

Many tumor and tumor-like lesions of the bone and soft tissues may involve the upper extremity. Certain lesions, however, are unique to this location. As is usually the case, MR is most sensitive to detection and most accurate in depicting the extent of involvement of these lesions. MR signal characteristics may aid in differential diagnosis. Conventional radiographs are often more specific in regard to the underlying histopathology.